CN112686507A - Metropolitan area multi-center index evaluation method based on WorldPop data - Google Patents
Metropolitan area multi-center index evaluation method based on WorldPop data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a WorldPop data-based metropolitan area multi-center index evaluation method, and aims to provide an evaluation method which is not influenced by the metropolitan area scale. Processing WorldPop world population distribution grid data through an ArcGIS platform; establishing a population spatialization database in a metropolitan area; acquiring the population center area of a main center, the total area of the main center, the population center area of each secondary center, the distance between each secondary center and the main center and the number of the secondary centers by using a population spatialization database; acquiring multi-centrality according to the population center area of the main center, the population center area of each secondary center, the distance between each secondary center and the main center and the number of the secondary centers; acquiring the concentration degree of the main center according to the population center area of the main center and the total area of the main center; and obtaining the multi-center index according to the multi-center degree and the main center concentration degree. The method is not influenced by the scale of the metropolitan area and has certain objectivity and comparability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of multi-center spatial structure evaluation of urban planning, in particular to a method for evaluating a multi-center index of a metropolitan area.
Background
Multicentricity is the degree of multicentricity that reflects the spatial structure of metropolitan areas by the centrality and aggregability of the population distribution. The method can accurately evaluate the multi-centrality of the metropolitan area, and is an important technical support for urban planning and homeland space planning. The existing domestic and foreign multi-centrality evaluation method has certain defects in population data type and key element selection. The population density of the administrative district is often used as a standard to identify the population center, and meanwhile, the distance between the main center and the secondary center is not standardized, so that the evaluation result is influenced by the scale of the administrative district and the scale of the metropolitan area, the difference of the multi-centrality of the metropolitan area cannot be accurately reflected, and the evaluation result is not comparable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for evaluating the multicenter index of the metropolitan area, which simultaneously embodies four key elements of multicenter, is not influenced by the scale of the metropolitan area and has certain objectivity and comparability aiming at the technical defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a metropolitan area multicenter index evaluation method based on WorldPop data comprises the following steps:
(1) processing WorldPop world population distribution grid data through an ArcGIS platform, comprising: defining the scope of the metropolitan area; reclassifying the obtained WorldPop data; defining a main center range; identifying a sub-center range;
(2) establishing a population spatialization database in a metropolitan area;
(3) respectively obtaining five parameters of the population center area of the main center, the total area of the main center, the population center area of each secondary center, the distance between each secondary center and the main center and the number of the secondary centers by using the population spatialization database established in the step (2);
(4) obtaining a multi-centrality P according to the obtained population center area of the main center, the population center area of each secondary center, the distance between each secondary center and the main center and the number of the secondary centers; acquiring a main center concentration degree C according to the obtained population center area of the main center and the total area of the main center;
the multicentricity P is obtained by the following expression:
wherein n is the number of secondary centers; siPopulation center area being the secondary center i; scA population center area that is the primary center; d'iFor normalized distance of sub-center i from main center, i.e. distance d of sub-center i from main centeriDivided by the farthest secondary center imaxDistance d to the main centremax；
The main center concentration degree C is obtained by the following expression:
in the formula, ScPopulation center area, S, as the dominant centermThe total area of the principal centers;
(5) and obtaining a multicenter index PI according to the obtained multicenter degree P and the main center concentration degree C:
PI＝P×C。
the method for defining the metropolitan area range in the step (1) comprises the following steps: by means of the ArcGIS platform, on the basis of legal metropolitan area range, the metropolitan area range is comprehensively defined according to the principle of a core area, an edge area and commuting contact of the core area and the edge area.
In the step (1), the method for reclassifying WorldPop data comprises the following steps: adopting an 1/2-time standard deviation method provided by an ArcGIS platform to reclassify WorldPop data, and taking a highest population gathering area as a population center; the method for defining the main center range comprises the following steps: defining a main center range by a population center breakpoint method; identifying population centers other than the primary center as secondary center ranges.
And (3) selecting the shortest distance between the edges of the two surface elements as the distance index of the secondary center and the main center.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the evaluation method of the invention combines the aggregation-dispersion dimension and the single-center-multi-center dimension as the theoretical basis of the multi-centrality evaluation in the metropolitan area. The method embodies four key factors of the multi-centrality, reflects the centralization and centrality of population distribution, is not influenced by the scale of the metropolitan area, and can objectively reflect the difference of the multi-centrality of the metropolitan area.
2. According to the evaluation method, based on WorldPop world population distribution grid data, a space statistical unit is used for replacing a traditional administrative statistical unit, the population statistical data are reasonably distributed on a grid of 100 x 100 meters, the spatial resolution and accuracy are high, a population spatialization database of a metropolitan area is established, the accuracy and comparability of multi-centrality evaluation of the metropolitan area are greatly improved, and great convenience is brought to data sharing and space analysis among multiple fields.
3. The evaluation method of the invention simultaneously embodies four key factors of population ratio of the secondary center to the main center, distance between the secondary center and the main center, number of the secondary centers and gathering degree of the main center, namely, the larger the population ratio of the secondary center in a metropolitan area is, the farther the secondary center is from the main center, the larger the number of the secondary center is, the more compact the population is, and the higher the multicentricity of the metropolitan area is.
4. In the evaluation method, the identification of the population center is reclassified by using an 1/2-time standard deviation method provided by an ArcGIS platform, and the method is different from the conventional identification method taking population density as a standard, more emphasizes the difference of the population density of the population center and the population density of a non-population center, and improves the accuracy and objectivity of identifying the population center in metropolitan areas with different population density levels.
5. In the evaluation method, the distance between the secondary center and the main center is subjected to standardization treatment, and the distance between each secondary center and the main center is divided by the distance between the farthest secondary center and the main center, so that the influence of city scale on the multi-centrality is eliminated, and the comparability of multi-centrality evaluation is improved.
6. In the evaluation method, the shortest distance between the edges of the two surface elements is selected as the distance index of the secondary center and the main center, but not the gravity point distance, so that the distance weight difference between the spread type development secondary center and the crossing type development secondary center of the main center can be effectively distinguished.
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Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the metropolitan area multicenter index evaluation method based on WorldPop data according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
The flow chart of the metropolitan area multicenter index evaluation method based on WorldPop data is shown in FIG. 1, and comprises the following steps:
(1) acquiring WorldPop world population distribution grid data;
(2) and (3) carrying out data processing on the obtained WorldPop world population distribution grid data through an ArcGIS platform, wherein the data processing comprises the following steps: defining the scope of the metropolitan area; reclassifying WorldPop data; defining a main center range; identifying a sub-center range; the method specifically comprises the following steps: comprehensively defining the metropolitan area range according to the principle of the core area, the marginal area and the commuting connection thereof on the basis of the legal metropolitan area range through the ArcGIS platform; the method comprises the steps of reclassifying WorldPop world population distribution grid data by adopting an 1/2-time standard deviation method provided by an ArcGIS platform, and taking a highest-level population gathering area as a population center; comprehensively defining a main center range by combining main and objective factors such as traffic, terrain, planning and the like through a population center breakpoint method; population centers other than the primary center are identified as secondary center ranges.
(3) Establishing a population spatialization database in a metropolitan area; the database is based on WorldPop world population distribution grid data, various spatial data such as night light, built-up areas and the like are fused to construct spatial covariates, a machine learning method is utilized, a spatial statistical unit replaces a traditional administrative statistical unit, the demographic data are reasonably distributed on a grid of 100 multiplied by 100 meters, the data precision is high, the population distribution condition of all regions of the whole sphere can be accurately reflected, and great convenience is brought to data sharing and spatial analysis among multiple fields.
(4) Respectively obtaining five parameters of the population center area of the main center, the total area of the main center, the population center area of each secondary center, the distance between each secondary center and the main center and the number of the secondary centers by using the population spatialization database established in the step (3); the distance index between the secondary center and the main center is the shortest distance between the edges of two surface elements, not the gravity center point distance.
(5) Obtaining a multi-centrality P according to the obtained population center area of the main center, the population center area of each secondary center, the distance between each secondary center and the main center and the number of the secondary centers; acquiring a main center concentration degree C according to the obtained population center area of the main center and the total area of the main center;
the multicentricity P is obtained by the following expression:
wherein n is the number of secondary centers; siPopulation center area being the secondary center i; scA population center area that is the primary center; d'iFor normalized distance of sub-center i from main center, i.e. distance d of sub-center i from main centeriDivided by the farthest secondary center imaxMaximum distance d to main centermaxSo as to eliminate the influence of city scale on the multi-centrality.
The main center concentration degree C is obtained by the following expression:
in the formula, ScPopulation center area, S, as the dominant centermThe total area of the principal centers;
(6) and obtaining a multicenter index PI according to the obtained multicenter degree P and the main center concentration degree C:
PI＝P×C，
wherein, the larger the multicenter index PI is, the higher the multicenter of the space structure of the metropolitan area is.
Taking 5 metropolitan areas of London, Washington, hong Kong, Hangzhou and Suzhou as examples, the multicenter index of the metropolitan areas is evaluated:
(1) acquiring 2018 WorldPop data; population data processing is carried out through an ArcGIS platform; establishing a population spatialization database in a metropolitan area, wherein key indexes of the database are shown in a table 1:
table 1: multi-center index evaluation key index for 5 metropolitan areas at home and abroad
Note: showing only the population center area of a portion of the secondary centers and the distance from the secondary center to the primary center due to space limitations
(2) Obtaining a multi-centrality P according to the obtained population center area of the main center, the population center area of each secondary center, the distance between each secondary center and the main center and the number of the secondary centers; acquiring a main center concentration degree C according to the obtained population center area of the main center and the total area of the main center;
(3) obtaining a multicenter index PI according to the obtained multicenter degree P and the main center concentration degree C, wherein the specific evaluation result is shown in Table 2:
table 2: multi-center index evaluation result of 5 metropolitan areas at home and abroad
| Metropolitan area | Multiple centrality | Main center concentration | Index of multiple centers | Multi-centric index ranking |
| London | 0.26 | 0.52 | 0.14 | 5 |
| Washington | 0.71 | 0.30 | 0.21 | 3 |
| Hong Kong | 1.08 | 0.28 | 0.30 | 1 |
| (Suzhou) | 0.30 | 0.76 | 0.22 | 2 |
| Qingdao (Qingdao) | 0.20 | 0.76 | 0.16 | 4 |
In the implementation case, through multi-center index evaluation of 5 major urban areas with different scales at home and abroad, such as London, Washington, hong Kong, Suzhou and Qingdao, the situation that the multi-center degree of hong Kong is higher in population centrality can be obtained, and the situation that the secondary center development is more mature, the group layout is more obvious and the urban structure tends to a multi-center due to the special mountain and sea geographic environment of hong Kong is reflected; in the aspect of aggregation, the concentration degree of the Suzhou and Qingdao main center is higher, and the fact that the Suzhou and Qingdao have the main center with more concentrated and compact population is reflected. From the evaluation results of the multicenter index, hong kong has the highest multicenter degree, followed by suzhou, washington, Qingdao and london.
From the evaluation result of the implementation case, the evaluation method reflects four key elements of the multicentricity of the metropolitan area, reflects the clustering property and the centrality of population distribution, is not influenced by the scale of the metropolitan area, and can objectively reflect the difference of the multicentricity of the metropolitan area.
The method for evaluating the multi-center index of the metropolitan area based on the WorldPop data is based on the WorldPop world population distribution grid data, and performs population data processing through an ArcGIS geographic information system, wherein the population data processing comprises defining the metropolitan area range, reclassifying the WorldPop data, defining a main center, identifying a secondary center and the like, and establishing a population spatialization database. Based on a population space database, five parameters including the population center area of a main center, the total area of the main center, the population center area of each secondary center, the distance between each secondary center and the main center and the number of the secondary centers are respectively obtained, the multi-center degree and the main center clustering degree can be calculated, and finally the multi-center index (PI) of the metropolitan area can be integrated. The invention improves the multi-centrality evaluation method of the existing domestic and foreign cities and metropolitan areas, embodies four key factors of the multi-centrality, can not be influenced by the scale of the metropolitan areas, and improves the objectivity and comparability of the multi-centrality evaluation.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A metropolitan area multicenter index evaluation method based on WorldPop data is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) processing WorldPop world population distribution grid data through an ArcGIS platform, comprising: defining the scope of the metropolitan area; reclassifying the obtained WorldPop data; defining a main center range; identifying a sub-center range;
(2) establishing a population spatialization database in a metropolitan area;
(3) respectively obtaining five parameters of the population center area of the main center, the total area of the main center, the population center area of each secondary center, the distance between each secondary center and the main center and the number of the secondary centers by using the population spatialization database established in the step (2);
(4) obtaining a multi-centrality P according to the obtained population center area of the main center, the population center area of each secondary center, the distance between each secondary center and the main center and the number of the secondary centers; acquiring a main center concentration degree C according to the obtained population center area of the main center and the total area of the main center;
the multicentricity P is obtained by the following expression:
wherein n is the number of secondary centers; siPopulation center area being the secondary center i; scA population center area that is the primary center; d'iFor normalized distance of sub-center i from main center, i.e. distance d of sub-center i from main centeriDivided by the farthest secondary center imaxDistance d to the main centremax；
The main center concentration degree C is obtained by the following expression:
in the formula, ScPopulation center area, S, as the dominant centermThe total area of the principal centers;
(5) and obtaining a multicenter index PI according to the obtained multicenter degree P and the main center concentration degree C:
PI＝P×C。
2. the method for evaluating the metropolitan area multicenter index based on WorldPop data according to claim 1, wherein the method for defining the metropolitan area range in step (1) is as follows: and comprehensively defining the metropolitan area range according to the principle of the core area, the marginal area and the commuting connection thereof on the basis of the legal metropolitan area range through the ArcGIS platform.
3. The method for evaluating the metropolitan area multicenter index based on WorldPop data according to claim 2, wherein in step (1), the method for reclassifying WorldPop data is as follows: re-classifying WorldPop data by adopting an 1/2-fold standard deviation method provided by an ArcGIS platform, and taking a highest-level population gathering area as a population center; the method for defining the main center range comprises the following steps: defining a main center range by a population center breakpoint method; identifying population centers other than the primary center as secondary center ranges.
4. The method for evaluating the metropolitan area multicenter index based on WorldPop data according to claim 1, wherein the shortest distance between the edges of the two surface elements is used as the distance index between the secondary center and the primary center in step (3).
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| CN113393110A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-09-14 | 广州珠科院工程勘察设计有限公司 | Multi-node urban drainage pumping station junction system |
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