CN112684200A - Rotating speed monitor applied to seawater desalination system - Google Patents
Rotating speed monitor applied to seawater desalination system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112684200A CN112684200A CN202011432830.3A CN202011432830A CN112684200A CN 112684200 A CN112684200 A CN 112684200A CN 202011432830 A CN202011432830 A CN 202011432830A CN 112684200 A CN112684200 A CN 112684200A
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- rotating speed
- spring
- spring pieces
- shell
- seawater desalination
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920003266 Leaf® Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000273256 Phragmites communis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a rotating speed monitor applied to a seawater desalination system, which comprises a shell and spring pieces, wherein a plurality of guide grooves are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the shell, one ends of the spring pieces are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the shell through clamping plates respectively, and the other ends of the spring pieces penetrate through the corresponding guide grooves; any one of the spring pieces corresponds to a unique natural frequency, and a plurality of the spring pieces form a discrete and dense speed measuring interval or set for monitoring the rotating speed. The guide grooves are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the shell in a rectangular array, the natural frequencies of the spring pieces which are transversely distributed linearly change, and the natural frequencies of the spring pieces which are longitudinally distributed linearly change. The invention can realize the monitoring of the rotating speed of equipment such as a seawater desalination energy recovery device, a high-pressure pump hydraulic turbine integrated machine and the like and the running state of reaction equipment. The whole structure is simple, the measurement error is small, and the operation is convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rotating speed monitoring or the technical field of rotating speed monitoring by vibration, in particular to a rotating speed monitor applied to a seawater desalination system.
Background
Rotational speed is one of the most important monitored parameters in rotating machinery. In a seawater desalination system, a seawater desalination energy recovery device and a high-pressure pump hydraulic turbine all-in-one machine are widely applied. The working principle is as follows: the energy recovery device or the hydraulic turbine directly drives the high-pressure pump to work, the pressurized high-pressure concentrated seawater is desalted through the membrane device, and part of the high-pressure concentrated seawater returns to drive the energy recovery device or the hydraulic turbine rotor to operate, so that energy conservation and emission reduction are realized. Because the rotor parts of the seawater desalination energy recovery device and the high-pressure pump hydraulic turbine all-in-one machine are wrapped inside the shell and are completely invisible, the commonly used electronic tachometer and induction tachometer cannot be directly used. Therefore, aiming at the rotary mechanical equipment, particularly a seawater desalination energy recovery device and a high-pressure pump hydraulic turbine all-in-one machine, the rotary speed monitor capable of indirectly monitoring the rotary speed of the rotary mechanical equipment so as to facilitate the running state of a rotor in reaction equipment is developed, and the rotary speed monitor has obvious engineering application value.
The rotor system is a key component of the rotating machinery, and the dynamic characteristics of the rotor system determine the stability of the whole system. The vibrations of the rotor system are the main vibration source in the vibrations of the rotating mechanical device. When the equipment is in operation, the rotor system transmits vibration signals to various parts of the equipment. The vibration frequency domain signal of the rotor system is related to parameters such as material characteristics, rotating speed, rotor structure and the like, and when the rotor operates under different working conditions, the composition of the frequency domain signal is different. The frequency domain signal generally includes a plurality of frequency signals such as half-multiplied frequency, one-multiplied frequency (base frequency), and two-multiplied frequency.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a rotating speed monitor applied to a seawater desalination system, according to the mechanical resonance principle, when the natural frequency of a spring piece is equal to or close to the vibration frequency of a rotor system in equipment, the spring piece and the equipment generate resonance, and the amplitude reaches the maximum. Through setting up a series of spring leafs that natural frequency is different, can monitor and react a series of rotational speed values and the change situation of equipment, realize the monitoring to equipment rotational speed such as sea water desalination energy recuperation device and high-pressure pump hydraulic turbine all-in-one, the running state of reaction equipment. The whole structure is simple, the measurement error is small, and the operation is convenient.
The present invention achieves the above-described object by the following technical means.
A rotating speed monitor applied to a seawater desalination system comprises a shell and spring pieces, wherein a plurality of guide grooves are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the shell, one ends of the spring pieces are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the shell through clamping plates respectively, and the other ends of the spring pieces penetrate through the corresponding guide grooves; any one of the spring pieces corresponds to a unique natural frequency, and a plurality of the spring pieces form a discrete and dense speed measuring interval or set for monitoring the rotating speed.
Furthermore, a plurality of guide grooves are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the shell in a rectangular array, the natural frequency of the plurality of spring pieces which are transversely distributed linearly changes, and the natural frequency of the plurality of spring pieces which are longitudinally distributed linearly changes.
Further, the natural frequency of each row of transverse spring pieces changes linearly and differently.
Further, the width of the end part of the other end of the spring piece penetrating through the guide groove is smaller than that of the spring piece fixedly installed at the bottom of the shell, and the other end of the spring piece with smaller width penetrates through the guide groove.
Furthermore, the end part of the other end of the spring piece is a bending piece, and a mark is arranged on the bending piece.
Furthermore, the upper surface of the shell is a dial plate, and a scale value is arranged on the dial plate near the guide groove and used for representing the rotating speed.
Further, after the shell is contacted with a rotating equipment shell of the seawater desalination system, the scale value range corresponding to the spring piece with the largest amplitude in the plurality of spring pieces is the range of the actual rotating speed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the rotating speed monitor applied to the seawater desalination system is of a pure mechanical structure, does not need a power supply, and is not easy to be interfered by environments such as electromagnetism and the like during measurement. The device has simple integral structure and convenient operation, and is particularly suitable for monitoring the rotating mechanical equipment with some completely closed rotor components in the seawater desalination system. When the speed is measured, the rotating speed monitor is only required to be placed at a proper position of the rotating machinery to be measured, the rotating speed is read according to the amplitude condition of the spring piece, and whether the rotating speed value is within a required range or not is judged. Meanwhile, the number and the attributes of the spring plate sets can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the monitored object, and the range and the precision of rotating speed monitoring are changed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional view of a rotational speed monitor for a seawater desalination system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the rotational speed monitor applied to the seawater desalination system according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the rotational speed monitor of the present invention applied to a desalination system.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a rotational speed test object.
In the figure:
1-a dial plate; 2-spring leaf; 3-clamping the plate; 4-a base; 5-a shell; 11-a motor; 12-a guide groove; 13-scale value.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the rotating speed monitor applied to a seawater desalination system comprises a shell 5 and spring pieces 2, wherein a plurality of guide grooves 12 are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the shell 5, a base 4 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 5, one ends of the spring pieces 2 are fixedly arranged on the base 4 through clamping plates 3, and the other ends of the spring pieces 2 penetrate through the corresponding guide grooves 12; the natural frequencies of the spring pieces 2 are different, any spring piece 2 corresponds to the unique natural frequency, and the spring pieces 2 form a discrete and dense speed measuring interval or set for monitoring the rotating speed. Several of the reeds vibrate during monitoring, and the vibration direction of the reeds is limited by the corresponding guide grooves 12. The dial plate 1 is arranged on the upper surface of the shell 5, and a scale value 13 is arranged on the dial plate 1 and is positioned near the guide groove 12 and used for representing the rotating speed. When the natural frequency of the spring piece is the same as the rotating speed of the rotating mechanical equipment, the spring piece and the equipment generate resonance, and the amplitude reaches the maximum. The natural frequency of the spring plate is determined by the material characteristics, size and mass of the spring plate. When the fixing mode of one end of the spring piece is completely restricted, the fixing mode can be defined by formula
Determining the natural frequency of the spring plate, wherein f is the natural frequency of the spring plate 2, and L is the spring plate2 length, M mass of the spring plate 2, E modulus of elasticity of the spring plate 2 material, and J moment of inertia of the spring plate 2 perpendicular to the center of vibration. Therefore, a corresponding series of scale values 13 with the same rotating speed interval are arranged outside the dial 1, the scale values 13 are formed by sequentially arranging rotating speed scales converted by natural frequency, and the scale value indicated by the leaf spring with the largest leaf spring amplitude 2 is closest to the actual rotating speed of the measured rotating machine and has the unit of revolution per minute (r/min).
The guide grooves 12 are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the shell 5 in a rectangular array, the natural frequency of the spring pieces 2 distributed transversely is increased or reduced in a linear mode, and the natural frequency of the spring pieces 2 distributed longitudinally is increased or reduced in a linear mode. In order to increase the rotating speed monitoring range and accuracy, the embodiment is provided with 34 spring pieces 2 distributed in a 2X17 matrix. Each row is sequentially provided with 17 spring pieces with different natural frequencies at equal intervals. The natural frequency value of the spring plate is obtained by changing the mass of the top of the spring plate and testing.
The width on spring leaf top is the ladder shape, and the spring leaf fixed mounting that the width is big passes guide way 12 in 5 bottoms of casing, and guide way 12 has restricted that the vibration of spring leaf 2 can only go on along a direction, prevents that the vibration of adjacent spring leaf 2 from interfering each other. The end part of the spring piece with small width is a bending piece, and the bending piece is provided with a mark so as to facilitate observation.
The working principle is as follows:
the rated rotation speed of the rotating mechanical equipment of the seawater desalination system is generally operated within a safety margin which is 30% far away from the critical rotation speed value. In the process of transmitting the vibration of the rotating body of the rotating mechanical equipment to the shell of the mechanical equipment, the vibration frequency on the shell generally comprises components of one-time axial frequency, two-time axial frequency, high-frequency multiplication and the like. By utilizing the mechanical resonance principle and setting the measuring range of the rotating speed monitor, the actual rotating speed of the rotating machinery can be reflected only by monitoring the one-time shaft frequency of the rotor system. Before monitoring the rotating speed of equipment such as a seawater desalination energy recovery device or a high-pressure pump hydraulic turbine integrated machine, the spring piece is in a static state. When the equipment to be tested normally operates, the shell 5 of the invention is attached to the shell of the equipment to be tested, and the vibration of the shell is transmitted to the base 4, the clamping plate 3 and the spring pieces 2 to cause the occurrence of resonance. In the vibration of the spring pieces 2, the positions of one or two spring pieces with the maximum amplitude on the dial of the tachometer are observed and compared, the rotating speed value on the corresponding scale is read out, and the range of the current rotating speed of the tested equipment is determined. And if the vibration of the spring piece is unstable, adjusting the test position of the tachometer on the tested equipment, and reading the rotating speed after the spring piece is stable. And after the monitoring work is finished, the rotating speed monitor is moved away from the equipment to be monitored.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a magnetic pump apparatus, a rotary machine monitored according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The magnetic pump device adopts a rotating speed monitor with a speed measuring interval of 800 r/min-3300 r/min to monitor the running rotating speed. Meanwhile, in order to illustrate the measurement error, a hall-type rotating speed sensor is additionally arranged in the embodiment to measure the actual rotating speed of the magnetic pump, so that the actual rotating speed result and the result of the rotating speed monitor are compared and analyzed.
In the embodiment, the rotating speed monitor with the range of 800 r/min-3300 r/min is adopted to monitor the rotating speed of the magnetic pump transpose. The first row of spring pieces 2 of the rotating speed monitor has 17, the inherent frequency of the first row of spring pieces corresponds to the rotating speed of 800 r/min-1600 r/min, and the interval of the rotating speed measured by each spring piece is 50 r/min; the number of the second row of spring pieces 2 of the rotating speed monitor is 17, the natural frequency of the second row of spring pieces corresponds to the rotating speed of 1700 r/min-3300 r/min, and the interval of the rotating speed measured by each spring piece is 100 r/min.
Basic parameters of the magnetic pump are that the rated rotating speed n is 2980r/min, and the rated flow Q is 140m3And H, the head H is 40 m. In the running process of the magnetic pump, the rotating speed monitor is placed on a shell at the top of the motor 11, the base 4 is attached to the shell, the amplitude of the spring piece 2 is observed, the spring piece with the maximum amplitude is found, and the corresponding rotating speed scale value 13 is read to serve as the monitor result. The rotating speeds under four different flow working conditions are measured and recorded for multiple times, and the actual rotating speed N measured by the rotating speed sensor and the monitoring result N of the monitor are obtained, and are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of speed monitor and actual speed
In table 1, the monitor result N is the rotation speed value represented by the spring leaf with the largest amplitude, wherein the calculation formula of the measurement error is as follows:
according to the test result, when the magnetic pump is in the rated working condition, namely the flow Q is 140m3When the magnetic pump operates under the condition of/h, the magnetic pump is in the best operation condition, the test result of the monitor is the most accurate, and the measurement error is only 0.70 percent. When the magnetic pump is operated under special working conditions, for example, the closing dead point, namely the flow Q is 0m3H, deep cavitation point, namely flow Q is 210m3And h, the measurement error of the rotating speed monitor becomes larger. The monitoring value of the rotating speed monitor is smaller and smaller as the flow rate is larger, but the measurement error can be controlled within 7.09%. Since the interval of the rotating speed values indicated by the second group of spring pieces is 100r/min, when the speed measurement interval is 50r/min, the measurement error can be further reduced.
Generally, in order to ensure the stability of the operation of the rotating mechanical device, the rotor speed should be in the range of 30% away from the critical speed. When the rotating machinery resonates, the critical rotating speed interval can be measured by the rotating speed monitor, and the rotating speed can be guaranteed within a reasonable error range. The method has important engineering application value for stable operation of rotary mechanical equipment in the seawater desalination system and design and optimization of a rotor system. The upper limit of the measuring range of the rotating speed monitor is twice of the first frequency multiplication when the rotor system is rated in rotating speed, and the judgment result is prevented from being influenced by the second frequency multiplication or the high frequency multiplication.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof, as numerous modifications, combinations and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, the number of the spring pieces is increased or decreased, the natural frequency or the rotating speed interval of the spring pieces is adjusted, and the like. These modifications and decorations are also included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The rotating speed monitor is applied to a seawater desalination system and is characterized by comprising a shell (5) and spring pieces (2), wherein a plurality of guide grooves (12) are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the shell (5), one ends of the spring pieces (2) are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the shell (5) through clamping plates (3), and the other ends of the spring pieces (2) penetrate through the corresponding guide grooves (12); any spring piece (2) corresponds to a unique natural frequency, and a plurality of spring pieces (2) form a discrete and dense speed measuring interval or set for monitoring the rotating speed.
2. The rotating speed monitor applied to the seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of guide grooves (12) are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the shell (5) in a rectangular array, the natural frequency of a plurality of the spring pieces (2) distributed transversely changes linearly, and the natural frequency of a plurality of the spring pieces (2) distributed longitudinally changes linearly.
3. The rotational speed monitor applied to the seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the natural frequency linear variation of each row of the transverse spring pieces (2) is different.
4. The rotational speed monitor applied to the seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of the end of the other end of the spring piece (2) passing through the guide slot (12) is smaller than the width of the spring piece (2) fixedly installed at the bottom of the housing (5), and the other end of the spring piece (2) with smaller width passes through the guide slot (12).
5. The rotating speed monitor applied to the seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the end of the other end of the spring piece (2) is a bent piece, and the bent piece is provided with a mark.
6. The rotating speed monitor applied to the seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the casing (5) is a dial plate (1), and a scale value (13) is arranged on the dial plate (1) near the guide groove (12) and used for representing the rotating speed.
7. The rotating speed monitor applied to the seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 1, wherein after the shell (5) is contacted with a rotating equipment shell of the seawater desalination system, the range of the scale value (13) corresponding to the spring leaf with the largest amplitude in the plurality of spring leaves (2) is the range of the actual rotating speed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011432830.3A CN112684200A (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Rotating speed monitor applied to seawater desalination system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011432830.3A CN112684200A (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Rotating speed monitor applied to seawater desalination system |
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| CN112684200A true CN112684200A (en) | 2021-04-20 |
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| CN202011432830.3A Pending CN112684200A (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Rotating speed monitor applied to seawater desalination system |
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2020
- 2020-12-09 CN CN202011432830.3A patent/CN112684200A/en active Pending
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Application publication date: 20210420 |