CN112684009A - Phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of heat transfer tubes of steam generator and heat exchanger - Google Patents
Phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of heat transfer tubes of steam generator and heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN112684009A CN112684009A CN202011610014.7A CN202011610014A CN112684009A CN 112684009 A CN112684009 A CN 112684009A CN 202011610014 A CN202011610014 A CN 202011610014A CN 112684009 A CN112684009 A CN 112684009A
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Abstract
The invention particularly relates to a phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of a heat transfer pipe of a steam generator and a heat exchanger, which comprises a joint, a cable, a metal circular baffle head and the phased array probe, wherein the joint is respectively connected with an ultrasonic instrument, a water tank and the cable, the cable is connected with the phased array probe, and the metal circular baffle head is connected with the front end of the phased array probe. The phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of the heat transfer tubes of the steam generator and the heat exchanger has the advantages of high inspection sensitivity, high inspection speed and capability of identifying various defects, the performance parameters meet the requirements of ultrasonic inspection of the heat transfer tubes, axial cracks, circumferential cracks, corrosion and changes of tube wall thickness in the heat transfer tubes can be found, and the phased array probe is very suitable for inspecting tiny defects of the heat transfer tubes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing, in particular to a phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of a heat transfer pipe of a steam generator and a heat exchanger.
Background
Steam generators and heat exchangers, in which thousands of fine heat transfer tubes are distributed with a small gap on a tube sheet, are key devices of power plants, and heat transfer tubes are key components. When the heat transfer pipe works, the inner part of the heat transfer pipe exchanges heat between high-temperature and high-pressure primary side water and external secondary side water through the heat transfer pipe, and meanwhile, the heat transfer pipe also plays a role in isolating radioactivity. In order to ensure the safe operation of the whole power system, the steam generator and the heat transfer pipe of the heat exchanger need to be periodically checked. In the operation process of the steam generator and the heat transfer pipe of the heat exchanger, the steam generator and the heat transfer pipe of the heat exchanger are subjected to the effects of high temperature, high pressure, alternating load and the like, so that the defects of circumferential and axial cracks, corrosion, pitting corrosion and the like are easily generated, and the pipe diameter and the wall thickness are changed. The diameter of the heat transfer pipe of the steam generator and the heat exchanger is small (the inner diameter is about 10mm), the pipe wall is thin (less than 3mm), the inspection range is long (not less than 10m), the heat transfer pipe is sealed in the steam generator and the heat exchanger, the inspection space is limited, and the mainstream detection methods for the heat transfer pipe of the steam generator and the heat exchanger in China at present mainly comprise eddy current, rotary ultrasound and the like, but all the methods have various defects and limitations.
The eddy current detection technology has the fastest detection speed, but has larger detection error on ferromagnetic materials, is easy to be influenced by material and shape change, has lower detection level on cracks with complex shapes, and has inaccurate defect qualification and quantification. The expand tube transition zone pipe diameter and the wall thickness that the heat-transfer pipe is connected with the tube sheet constantly change, and there is the difference in these two kinds of base member materials of heat-transfer pipe and tube sheet, and its precision can't be guaranteed to electric current when adopting eddy current detection, can cause the difficulty to eddy current detection. The eddy current inspection depends on the professional skill of a technician, and the research of the American electric power research institute finds that other electromagnetic inspection methods are needed for ferromagnetic pipes due to different users of eddy current equipment and different damage recognition rates, and a far-field eddy current inspection (RFT) method is generally adopted, but the detection speed is low, the detection precision is low, and the detection is highly dependent on the professional skill of the technician. The rotary ultrasonic inspection technology has high precision and is not influenced by the material and shape change of the heat transfer pipe, but the inspection speed is slow, only the speed of several millimeters per second is needed, the long-distance whole pipe inspection consumes long time, and the rotary ultrasonic inspection technology is not suitable for large-scale heat transfer pipe engineering application.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of heat transfer tubes of steam generators and heat exchangers, aiming at the problems of eddy current inspection technology and rotary ultrasonic inspection technology of heat transfer tubes of steam generators and heat exchangers. Compared with an eddy current detection technology and a rotary ultrasonic detection technology, the phased array probe can quickly and efficiently find axial cracks, circumferential cracks, corrosion and changes of pipe wall thickness in the heat transfer pipe.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a steam generator and heat exchanger heat-transfer pipe ultrasonic inspection's phased array probe, includes joint, cable, metal circle shelves head and phased array probe, the joint is connected with supersound appearance, basin and cable respectively, the cable is connected with the phased array probe, metal circle shelves head is connected with the phased array probe front end.
The working principle is as follows: the phased array probe for the ultrasonic inspection of the heat transfer tubes of the steam generator and the heat exchanger is applied to the ultrasonic inspection of the heat transfer tubes of the steam generator and the heat exchanger, and the phased array probe for the ultrasonic inspection of the heat transfer tubes of the steam generator and the heat exchanger enters the heat transfer tubes through the tube openings of the heat transfer tubes. After reaching the designated position, pulling the cable to drive the phased array probe to move along the axial direction of the heat transfer pipe pipeline, and simultaneously controlling the phased array probe through the ultrasonic instrument to form electronic circumferential scanning, so that spiral scanning is formed, and the sound beam enters the heat transfer pipe through the coupling water to obtain an ultrasonic echo signal. The ultrasonic instrument converts the received ultrasonic echo signals into digital signals and transmits the digital signals back to the acquisition workstation, the digital signals are displayed in A, B, C, D scanning four modes through ultrasonic acquisition software and are provided for data analysts to carry out signal analysis to judge whether the heat transfer pipe has defects and the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the defects; if the defects exist, different sound beams can be further excited by a phased array focusing method, so that the quantitative accuracy is improved.
Furthermore, the joint is connected with a water tank through a joint water pipe, and the water tank is connected with a water pump; the connector is connected with the ultrasonic instrument through a multi-core cable connector.
Further, the joint is a multi-core joint.
Furthermore, the cable is a combined cable and comprises a metal shielding net, a multi-core coaxial cable and a single-core water pipe; and a multi-core coaxial cable and a single-core water pipe are sequentially and circumferentially arranged in the metal shielding net from outside to inside.
Further, the phased array probe is a phased array straight probe or a phased array inclined probe.
Further, the phased array straight probe consists of a plurality of independent piezoelectric wafers distributed annularly; the length direction of the piezoelectric wafer is parallel to the heat transfer pipe; the annular array surface of the piezoelectric wafer is concentric with the heat transfer pipe; the thickness of the water layer of the phased array straight probe ensures that the tertiary reflection waves of the phased array straight probe are all between the first time water interface wave and the second time water interface wave.
Furthermore, the phased array oblique probe consists of two groups of independent piezoelectric wafers distributed annularly; the length direction of the piezoelectric wafer and the heat transfer pipe/heat exchange pipe form a certain angle; the annular array surface of the piezoelectric wafer is concentric with the heat transfer pipe; the thickness of the water layer of the phased array angle probe ensures that secondary reflection waves of the phased array angle probe are all between the first water interface wave and the second water interface wave.
Furthermore, the metal round gear head is connected with the front end of the phased array probe through threads.
Furthermore, the metal round stopper is provided with double petals, the double petals are flexible double-centering petal structures made of hard plastics, and the outer diameters of the flexible double-centering petal structures are matched with the inner diameter of the heat transfer pipe.
Furthermore, a flexible ring is arranged on the metal round stopper, the flexible ring is made of rubber, and the outer diameter of the flexible ring is matched with the inner diameter of the heat transfer pipe.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of the heat transfer tubes of the steam generator and the heat exchanger adopts a phased array ultrasonic inspection technology, replaces the traditional probe position movement by high-speed electronic circumferential scanning, has the advantages of high inspection sensitivity, high inspection speed block and capability of identifying various defects, has performance parameters meeting the requirements of ultrasonic inspection of the heat transfer tubes, can find axial cracks, circumferential cracks, corrosion and changes of tube wall thickness in the heat transfer tubes, and is very suitable for inspecting tiny defects of the heat transfer tubes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of heat transfer tubes of a steam generator and a heat exchanger according to example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of heat transfer tubes of a steam generator and a heat exchanger according to example 2;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the cable structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a joint; 2. a cable; 3; a phased array straight probe; 4. double petals; 5. a flexible ring; 6. a metal round stopper; 7. a heat transfer tube; 8. a phased array tilt probe; 9. a multi-core coaxial cable; 10. single core water pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "front end", "rear end", "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
The utility model provides a steam generator and heat-transfer pipe ultrasonic inspection's phased array probe, includes that joint 1, cable 2, phased array straight probe 3 and metal circle shelves head 6, joint 1 is connected with supersound appearance, basin and cable 2 respectively, cable 2 is connected with phased array straight probe 3, metal circle shelves head 6 is connected with phased array probe front end.
The joint 1 is a multi-core joint; the joint 1 is connected with a water tank through a joint water pipe, and the water tank is connected with a water pump; the connector 1 is connected with the ultrasonic instrument through a multi-core cable connector.
The cable 2 is a combined cable and comprises a metal shielding net, a multi-core coaxial cable 9 and a single-core water pipe 10; and a multi-core coaxial cable 9 and a single-core water pipe 10 are sequentially and circumferentially arranged in the metal shielding net from outside to inside.
Signals between the phased array straight probe 3 and the ultrasonic instrument are transmitted through a multi-core coaxial cable 9. The coupling water pump in the water tank is sent to the single-core water pipe 10 by the water pump, the phased array straight probe 3 is soaked in the coupling water of the single-core water pipe 10, the coupling water is recycled and sent to the water tank by the water pump, and the coupling water is recycled. The cable 2 can simultaneously supply water and transmit signals, and the double-layer shielding can reduce noise interference caused by long-distance transmission. The cable 2 is used for sending the phased array straight probe 3 to the specified position in the heat transfer pipe 7 simultaneously, drives the phased array straight probe 3 along pipeline axial motion through pulling the cable 2.
The phased array straight probe 3 consists of a plurality of independent piezoelectric wafers which are distributed annularly; the length direction of the piezoelectric wafer is parallel to the heat transfer pipe, and the annular array surface of the piezoelectric wafer is concentric with the heat transfer pipe 7.
The phased array straight probe 3 is controlled by the ultrasonic instrument to excite the piezoelectric wafer to perform electronic deflection according to a certain time sequence in the circumferential direction, so that circumferential electronic scanning is formed; the piezoelectric wafer of the phased array straight probe 3 is arranged in a 360-degree annular array, so that the electronic scanning range is ensured to cover the circumferential full range of the heat transfer pipe 7; the phased array straight probe 3 controls the sound beam to vertically enter the heat transfer pipe 7 through the coupling water to obtain an ultrasonic echo signal.
In water immersion ultrasonic inspection, the thickness of the water layer (the vertical distance from the phased array straight probe 3 to the surface of the heat transfer pipe 7) is an important design parameter. In order to avoid the influence of the water interface wave on the ultrasonic signal, the proper water layer thickness is designed, and the triple reflected waves of the phased array straight probe 3 are ensured to be positioned between the first water interface wave and the second water interface wave.
The metal round gear head 6 is in threaded connection with the front end of the phased array straight probe 3, and can be suitable for heat transfer pipes 7 of different specifications by replacing metal round gear heads 6 of different specifications.
The metal round stopper 6 is provided with double petals 4, the double petals 4 are flexible double-centering petal structures made of hard plastics, and the outer diameters of the flexible double-centering petal structures are matched with the inner diameter of the heat transfer pipe/heat exchange pipe 7 (the outer diameters of the flexible double-centering petal structures are slightly larger than the inner diameter of the heat transfer pipe 7). The double petals 4 are used for keeping the phased array straight probe 3 concentric with the heat transfer pipe 7, so that the coupled underwater sound layer is kept stable in the movement process.
The metal round stopper 6 is provided with a flexible ring 5, the flexible ring 5 is made of rubber, and the outer diameter of the flexible ring 5 is matched with the inner diameter of the heat transfer pipe 7 (the outer diameter of the flexible ring 5 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the heat transfer pipe 7). The flexible ring 5 is used for plugging coupling water, so that the coupling water cannot leak from the front end of the phased array straight probe 3, the water coupling is ensured to be stable, and meanwhile, the water pump can be recycled.
The phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of the heat transfer tubes of the steam generator and the heat exchanger is applied to ultrasonic inspection of the heat transfer tubes of the steam generator and the heat exchanger, and the phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of the heat transfer tubes of the steam generator and the heat exchanger enters the inside of the heat transfer tube 7 through the opening of the heat transfer tube 7. After reaching the designated position, pulling the cable 2 to drive the phased array straight probe 3 to move along the axial direction of the pipeline, and simultaneously controlling the phased array straight probe 3 through an ultrasonic instrument to form electronic circumferential scanning, thereby forming spiral scanning; the phased array straight probe 3 controls the sound beam to vertically enter the heat transfer pipe 7 through the coupling water to obtain an ultrasonic echo signal. The ultrasonic instrument converts the received ultrasonic echo signals into digital signals and transmits the digital signals back to the acquisition workstation, the digital signals are displayed in A, B, C, D scanning four modes through ultrasonic acquisition software and are provided for data analysts to carry out signal analysis to judge whether the heat transfer pipe 7 has defects and the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the defects; if the defects exist, different sound beams can be further excited by a phased array focusing method, so that the quantitative accuracy is improved.
The phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of the steam generator and the heat transfer pipe of the heat exchanger can complete circumferential scanning and covering of the whole heat transfer pipe 7 while the phased array straight probe 3 moves axially, and can effectively inspect corrosion defects and axial cracks of the heat transfer pipe 7.
Example 2
The utility model provides a steam generator and heat exchanger heat-transfer pipe ultrasonic inspection's phased array probe, includes that joint 1, cable 2, phased array oblique probe 8 and metal circle shelves head 6, joint 1 is connected with supersound appearance, basin and cable 2 respectively, cable 2 is connected with phased array oblique probe 8, metal circle shelves head 6 is connected with phased array oblique probe 8 front end.
The joint 1 is a multi-core joint; the joint 1 is connected with a water tank through a joint water pipe, and the water tank is connected with a water pump; the connector 1 is connected with the ultrasonic instrument through a multi-core cable connector.
The cable 2 is a combined cable and comprises a metal shielding net, a multi-core coaxial cable 9 and a single-core water pipe 10; and a multi-core coaxial cable 9 and a single-core water pipe 10 are sequentially and circumferentially arranged in the metal shielding net from outside to inside.
Signals between the phased array angle probe 8 and the ultrasonic instrument are transmitted through a multi-core coaxial cable 9. The coupling water pump in the water tank is sent to the single-core water pipe 10 by the water pump, the phased array inclined probe 8 is soaked in the coupling water of the single-core water pipe 10, the coupling water is recycled and sent to the water tank by the water pump, and the coupling water is recycled. The cable 2 can simultaneously supply water and transmit signals, and the double-layer shielding can reduce noise interference caused by long-distance transmission. The cable 2 is used for sending the phased array straight probe 3 to the specified position in the heat transfer pipe 7 simultaneously, drives the phased array oblique probe 8 along pipeline axial motion through pulling the cable 2.
The phased array oblique probe 8 consists of two groups of independent piezoelectric wafers which are distributed annularly; the length direction of the piezoelectric wafer and the heat transfer pipe 7 form a certain angle, and the sound beams can refract transverse waves in the heat transfer pipe 7 through the angle and are symmetrically distributed in the two groups of annular wafers; the piezoelectric wafer annular front is concentric with the heat transfer tube 7.
The phased array oblique probe 8 is controlled by an ultrasonic instrument to excite the piezoelectric wafer to carry out electronic deflection according to a certain time sequence in the circumferential direction, so that circumferential electronic scanning is formed; the phased array oblique probe 8 adopts a piezoelectric wafer arranged in a 360-degree annular array to ensure that the electronic scanning range covers the circumferential full range of the heat transfer pipe 7; the two groups of piezoelectric wafers arranged in the 360-degree annular array can excite oblique incidence sound beams in two symmetrical directions, and can also change the time sequence to excite a one-emitting and one-receiving type focused sound beam to form a double-crystal scanning mode.
In water immersion ultrasonic inspection, the thickness of a water layer (the vertical distance from the phased array oblique probe 8 to the surface of the heat transfer pipe 7) is an important design parameter. In order to avoid the influence of the water interface wave on the ultrasonic signal, the proper water layer thickness is designed, and secondary reflection waves of the phased array oblique probe 8 are ensured to be positioned between the first water interface wave and the second water interface wave.
The metal round gear head 6 is in threaded connection with the front end of the phased array oblique probe 8, and can be suitable for heat transfer tubes 7 of different specifications by replacing metal round gear heads 6 of different specifications.
The metal round stopper 6 is provided with double petals 4, the double petals 4 are flexible double-centering petal structures made of hard plastics, and the outer diameters of the flexible double-centering petal structures are matched with the inner diameter of the heat transfer pipe 7 (the outer diameters of the flexible double-centering petal structures are slightly larger than the inner diameter of the heat transfer pipe 7). The double petals 4 are used for keeping the phased array oblique probe 8 concentric with the heat transfer pipe 7, so that the coupled underwater sound layer is kept stable in the movement process.
The metal round stopper 6 is provided with a flexible ring 5, the flexible ring 5 is made of rubber, and the outer diameter of the flexible ring 5 is matched with the inner diameter of the heat transfer pipe 7 (the outer diameter of the flexible ring 5 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the heat transfer pipe 7). The flexible ring 5 is used for plugging coupling water, so that the coupling water cannot leak from the front end of the phased array angle probe 8, the water coupling is ensured to be stable, and meanwhile, the water pump can be recycled.
The phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of the heat transfer tubes of the steam generator and the heat exchanger is applied to ultrasonic inspection of the heat transfer tubes of the steam generator and the heat exchanger, and the phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of the heat transfer tubes of the steam generator and the heat exchanger enters the inside of the heat transfer tube 7 through the opening of the heat transfer tube 7. After reaching the appointed position, pulling the cable 2 to drive the phased array oblique probe 8 to move along the axial direction of the pipeline, and simultaneously controlling the phased array oblique probe 8 through an ultrasonic instrument to form electronic circumferential scanning, thereby forming spiral scanning; the phased array oblique probe 8 controls the sound beam to be axially deflected through the coupling water to be emitted into the heat transfer pipe 7, and an ultrasonic echo signal is obtained. The ultrasonic instrument converts the received ultrasonic echo signals into digital signals and transmits the digital signals back to the acquisition workstation, the digital signals are displayed in A, B, C, D scanning four modes through ultrasonic acquisition software and are provided for data analysts to carry out signal analysis to judge whether the heat transfer pipe 7 has defects and the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the defects; if the defects exist, different sound beams can be further excited by a phased array focusing method, so that the quantitative accuracy is improved.
The phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of the steam generator and the heat transfer pipe of the heat exchanger can complete circumferential scanning and covering of the whole heat transfer pipe 7 while the phased array oblique probe 8 moves axially, and circumferential cracks of the heat transfer pipe 7 are effectively inspected.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a phased array probe of steam generator and heat exchanger heat-transfer pipe ultrasonic inspection which characterized in that, includes joint, cable, metal circle shelves head and phased array probe, the joint is connected with supersound appearance, basin and cable respectively, the cable is connected with the phased array probe, metal circle shelves head is connected with phased array probe front end.
2. The steam generator and heat exchanger heat transfer tube ultrasonic inspection phased array probe of claim 1, wherein the phased array probe is a phased array straight probe or a phased array angled probe.
3. The phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of steam generator and heat exchanger heat transfer tubes according to claim 2, wherein the phased array straight probe is composed of a plurality of individual piezoelectric wafers distributed annularly; the length direction of the piezoelectric wafer is parallel to the heat transfer pipe; the piezoelectric wafer annular array surface is concentric with the heat transfer tube.
4. The phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of steam generator and heat exchanger heat transfer tubes according to claim 2, wherein the phased array tilt probe is comprised of two sets of annularly distributed multiple individual piezoelectric wafers; the length direction of the piezoelectric wafer and the heat transfer pipe form an angle; the piezoelectric wafer annular array surface is concentric with the heat transfer tube.
5. The phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of the heat transfer tubes of the steam generator and the heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metal round stopper is provided with double petals, the double petals are flexible double-centering petal structures made of hard plastics, and the outer diameters of the flexible double-centering petal structures are matched with the inner diameter of the heat transfer tubes.
6. The phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of steam generator and heat exchanger heat transfer tubes according to claim 1, wherein the metal collar is fitted with a flexible ring made of rubber, the outer diameter of the flexible ring matching the inner diameter of the heat transfer tube.
7. The phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of steam generator and heat exchanger heat transfer tubes of claim 1, wherein the metal round stopper is in threaded connection with the front end of the phased array probe.
8. The phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of steam generator and heat exchanger heat transfer tubes according to claim 1, wherein the cable is a combination cable comprising a metallic shielding mesh, a multi-core coaxial cable and a single-core water tube; and a multi-core coaxial cable and a single-core water pipe are sequentially and circumferentially arranged in the metal shielding net from outside to inside.
9. The phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of the heat transfer tubes of the steam generator and the heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the joint is connected with a water tank through a joint water pipe, and the water tank is connected with a water pump; the connector is connected with the ultrasonic instrument through a multi-core cable connector.
10. The steam generator and heat exchanger heat transfer tube ultrasonic inspection phased array probe of claim 9, wherein the joint is a multi-core joint.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011610014.7A CN112684009A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of heat transfer tubes of steam generator and heat exchanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011610014.7A CN112684009A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of heat transfer tubes of steam generator and heat exchanger |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112684009A true CN112684009A (en) | 2021-04-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011610014.7A Pending CN112684009A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Phased array probe for ultrasonic inspection of heat transfer tubes of steam generator and heat exchanger |
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| CN (1) | CN112684009A (en) |
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2020
- 2020-12-30 CN CN202011610014.7A patent/CN112684009A/en active Pending
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