CN112684002A - Method for real-time tracking of continuous variable-thickness workpiece ultrasonic scanning dynamic gate and scanning method - Google Patents

Method for real-time tracking of continuous variable-thickness workpiece ultrasonic scanning dynamic gate and scanning method Download PDF

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CN112684002A
CN112684002A CN202011349826.0A CN202011349826A CN112684002A CN 112684002 A CN112684002 A CN 112684002A CN 202011349826 A CN202011349826 A CN 202011349826A CN 112684002 A CN112684002 A CN 112684002A
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gate
workpiece
echo tracking
time
measured
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CN112684002B (en
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徐春广
马朋志
肖定国
潘勤学
杨博
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Abstract

The invention provides a real-time tracking method for a continuous variable-thickness workpiece ultrasonic scanning dynamic gate, which comprises the following steps of: making a scanning track according to the measured workpiece; respectively setting the starting time and the gate width of an interface echo tracking gate, a bottom echo tracking gate and a data acquisition gate of the ultrasonic scanning device; and when the thickness change of the measuring point of the measured workpiece is judged according to the scanning track of the measured workpiece, updating the starting time of the bottom echo tracking gate, the starting time of the data acquisition gate and the gate width according to the sound time change of different measured points of the interface echo tracking gate and the sound time change of different measured points of the bottom echo tracking gate. The ultrasonic scanning method for the workpiece with the continuously variable thickness is also provided, and comprises the following steps: and acquiring the position information of the measured point of the measured workpiece, acquiring echo information acquired by the data gate at the moment by using an ultrasonic scanning device, and calculating ultrasonic data according to the echo information.

Description

Method for real-time tracking of continuous variable-thickness workpiece ultrasonic scanning dynamic gate and scanning method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic detection, in particular to a real-time tracking method and a scanning method for a continuous variable-thickness workpiece ultrasonic scanning dynamic gate.
Background
In recent years, the development of an automatic ultrasonic detection technology is very rapid, and the automatic ultrasonic detection technology is widely applied to the fields of aviation, aerospace, national defense and the like. In the automatic ultrasonic detection, a non-contact ultrasonic pulse reflection method is often adopted, namely, a scanning device clamps an ultrasonic probe to transmit pulse waves to the inside of a detected workpiece, and echo information between the interface and the bottom surface of the detected workpiece is acquired through a data acquisition gate to complete ultrasonic scanning imaging. If continuous workpieces are detected, such as complex curved surface workpieces like blades and hubs of aircraft engines, the sound between the ultrasonic interface wave and the bottom wave constantly changes along with the thickness of the detected point, and if manual or conventional automatic ultrasonic flaw detection equipment is used for detection, the detection precision cannot be effectively guaranteed, defects are easy to miss detection, and the product quality is reduced. The automatic ultrasonic detection equipment is required to have the function of being capable of following the thickness change of the detected workpiece in real time in the scanning process.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a real-time tracking method and a scanning method for a continuous variable-thickness workpiece ultrasonic scanning dynamic gate, which can solve the problems of inaccurate measurement and inaccurate measurement of a continuous workpiece in an ultrasonic scanning process, accurately acquire internal echo information of a measured point through a dynamic data acquisition gate, realize accurate detection of internal defects of the workpiece and ensure the reliability of automatic ultrasonic scanning of the workpiece.
The application provides a method for real-time tracking of a continuous variable-thickness workpiece through an ultrasonic scanning dynamic gate, which comprises the following steps:
A. making a scanning track according to the measured workpiece;
B. respectively setting the starting time and the gate width of an interface echo tracking gate, a bottom echo tracking gate and a data acquisition gate of the ultrasonic scanning device;
C. and when the thickness change of the measuring point of the measured workpiece is judged according to the scanning track of the measured workpiece, updating the starting time of the bottom echo tracking gate, the starting time of the data acquisition gate and the gate width according to the sound time change of different measured points of the interface echo tracking gate and the sound time change of different measured points of the bottom echo tracking gate.
The application also provides a continuous variable-thickness workpiece ultrasonic scanning method, which comprises the steps A-C of the continuous variable-thickness workpiece ultrasonic scanning dynamic gate real-time tracking method, and the method comprises the following steps after the step C:
D. and acquiring the position information of the measured point of the measured workpiece, acquiring echo information acquired by the data gate at the moment by using an ultrasonic scanning device, and calculating ultrasonic data according to the echo information.
Optionally, the scanning track in the step a is formulated according to a CAD model of the workpiece to be measured.
Optionally, the method further includes: step C, when the thickness of the measured point of the workpiece is not changed, judging whether the scanning track is finished or not, and if so, obtaining all ultrasonic data of the workpiece; otherwise, returning to the step C.
Optionally, the starting time of the interface echo tracking gate and the gate width of the interface echo tracking gate are unchanged in the scanning process; the gate width of the bottom echo tracking gate is unchanged.
Optionally, the starting time of the data acquisition gate is greater than the starting time of the interface echo tracking gate and less than the starting time of the bottom echo tracking gate; the gate width of the data acquisition gate is greater than that of the interface echo tracking gate and less than that of the bottom echo tracking gate.
Optionally, in step C: the start time of the bottom echo tracking gate is updated using the following equation: the updated start time T2' of the bottom echo tracking gate is T2 +. DELTA.S 1 +. DELTA.T;
the starting time of the data acquisition gate is updated by adopting the following formula: the updated start time t 3' of the data acquisition gate is t3 +. DELTA.S 1;
the gate width of the data acquisition gate is updated by adopting the following formula: the updated gate width T3' ═ T3 +/Δ T of the data acquisition gate;
where t2 represents the start time of the bottom echo tracking gate; t3 denotes the gate width of the data collection gate;
Δ S1 represents the amount of change in S1 with respect to the last measured point sound; Δ T represents a variation in gate width of the data collection gate, where Δ T is Δ S2 to Δ S1; Δ S2 represents the amount of change in S2 with respect to the last measured point sound;
s1 represents the sound time information acquired by the interface echo tracking gate, and S2 represents the sound time information acquired by the bottom echo tracking gate.
Optionally, the sound time information includes: including time information at the rising edge, falling edge, or peak.
The invention achieves the technical effects that: through the steps, the real-time tracking scanning process of the dynamic gate is realized in the scanning process, the position information of the measured point acquired by the scanning device is combined with the echo information acquired by the dynamic data acquisition gate to draw an ultrasonic scanning image, and finally the ultrasonic scanning of the continuous variable-thickness workpiece is completed. The invention can solve the problems of inaccurate measurement and inaccurate measurement of the continuous variable-thickness workpiece in the ultrasonic scanning process, accurately acquires the internal echo information of the measured point through the dynamic data acquisition gate, realizes accurate detection of the internal defect of the workpiece, and ensures the reliability of the automatic ultrasonic scanning of the workpiece.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic inspection workpiece according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of ultrasonic detection of waves of a dynamic gate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a scanning method disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The terms "first, second, third and the like" or "module a, module B, module C and the like in the description and in the claims, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order, it being understood that specific orders or sequences may be interchanged where permissible to effect embodiments of the present application in other than those illustrated or described herein.
In the following description, reference to reference numerals indicating steps, such as S110, S120 … …, etc., does not necessarily indicate that the steps are performed in this order, and the order of the preceding and following steps may be interchanged or performed simultaneously, where permissible.
The term "comprising" as used in the specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to the contents listed thereafter; it does not exclude other elements or steps. It should therefore be interpreted as specifying the presence of the stated features, integers, steps or components as referred to, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components, and groups thereof. Thus, the expression "an apparatus comprising the devices a and B" should not be limited to an apparatus consisting of only the components a and B.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the application. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but may. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art from this disclosure.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. In the case of inconsistency, the meaning described in the present specification or the meaning derived from the content described in the present specification shall control. In addition, the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of the present application only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application.
To accurately describe the technical contents in the present application and to accurately understand the present application, the terms used in the present specification are given the following explanations or definitions before the description of the specific embodiments.
And (4) gating: the digital ultrasonic flaw detector is characterized by that it can convert the analog quantity of reflected wave into digital signal, display it on the screen, and automatically make measurement and calculation. When digital ultrasonic flaw detection is carried out, a plurality of waveforms (such as initial waves, defect waves and bottom waves) appear on a screen, when an instrument is required to compare and calculate certain echo, a person needs to tell which echo is tracked, a gate is used for locking the echo to be detected, the instrument processes and calculates the echo in the gate, and all parameters (including acoustic path distance, horizontal distance, vertical distance, echo height and the like) of the echo are displayed in real time. In operation, the shutter is moved to the waveform to be read, and the detected data appearing on the right side of the screen is the data of the waveform. The parameters of the gate include gate start time, width, height, etc.
When in sound: the time information includes the time of rising edge, falling edge or peak value of the echo.
The invention aims to provide a real-time tracking method for a dynamic gate for ultrasonic scanning of a workpiece, which is used for automatic ultrasonic nondestructive detection of internal defects of continuous workpieces and realizes the purposes of accurate, reliable and intelligent detection as shown in figure 1. The ultrasonic probe of the ultrasonic scanning device shown in fig. 1 sequentially moves to three positions L1, L2 and L3 of a variable-thickness workpiece to be measured, and waveforms obtained at the three positions are shown on the right side in fig. 1, wherein T corresponds to an initial pulse wave, S corresponds to an interface echo, and B corresponds to a bottom echo.
Referring to the schematic diagram of fig. 2 and the flowchart shown in fig. 3, the scanning method based on the method for real-time tracking of the continuous variable-thickness workpiece ultrasonic scanning dynamic gate is described. The following steps include the method for real-time tracking of the dynamic gate for ultrasonic scanning of the continuous variable-thickness workpiece, which are steps S101 to S105 described below and are not separately described. The scanning method comprises the following steps:
s101: the ultrasonic scanning device selects the type and scanning mode of the ultrasonic probe according to the workpiece to be detected and the detection requirement, and formulates a scanning track according to the CAD model of the workpiece to be detected.
The data acquisition and processing principle of the ultrasonic scanning device specifically comprises the following steps: when the ultrasonic imaging component of the ultrasonic scanning device works, the data collected by the computer comprises echo signals of the defects and position signals of the transducer. After a scanning track is made, the ultrasonic probe moves to a workpiece along with a scanning component, ultrasonic waves returned by the workpiece to be detected can be collected, a gate can be set after an ultrasonic echo signal is displayed on a screen of the ultrasonic scanning device, and the ultrasonic scanning device processes and calculates ultrasonic echoes in the gate according to the set gate. The arrangement of the shutter will be described in detail later.
S102: as shown in fig. 2, the start time and the gate width of the interface echo tracking gate F1, the bottom echo tracking gate F2, and the data collection gate D1 are set.
The starting time T1 and the gate width T1 of the interface echo tracking gate F1 are constant in the scanning process; the starting time T1 and the gate width T1 of the interface echo tracking gate F1 are determined by the sound path duration of the ultrasonic wave excited to the surface of the workpiece to be detected by the probe and the motion error of the scanning device.
The start time T2 and gate width T2 of the bottom echo tracking gate F2 were set such that the gate width T2 of the bottom echo tracking gate F2 was constant during the scanning.
The starting time t3 of the data acquisition gate D1 is greater than the starting time t1 of the interface echo tracking gate F1 and less than the starting time t2 of the bottom echo tracking gate F2; the gate width T3 of the data acquisition gate D1 is greater than the gate width T1 of the interface echo tracking gate F1 and less than the gate width T2 of the floor echo tracking gate F2.
When the interfacial waves reflected by the surface of the workpiece to be measured are conditioned into the interface echo tracking shutter F1, the interface echo tracking shutter F1 automatically tracks the interfacial waves.
S103: and judging whether the thickness of the measured workpiece measuring point is changed or not, if the thickness of the measured workpiece measuring point is not changed, turning to the step S105, and if the thickness of the measured workpiece measuring point is changed, turning to the step S104.
S104: according to the thickness change of the measured point of the measured workpiece, the sound time change of different measured points of the interface echo tracking gate F1 and the sound time change of different measured points of the bottom echo tracking gate F2, the starting time of the bottom echo tracking gate F2 and the data acquisition gate D1 and the gate width of the data acquisition gate D1 are updated.
The starting time t2 of the bottom echo tracking gate F2 changes along with the thickness of the measured point and the sound obtained by the interface echo tracking gate S1, and the starting time after the thickness of the workpiece changes, namely the updated starting time, is represented by t 2'.
The starting time T3 and the gate width T3 of the data acquisition gate D1 are set between the interface echo and the bottom echo, in the scanning process, the gate width T3 of the data acquisition gate D1 changes along with the thickness of a measured point in real time, the gate width after the thickness of a workpiece changes is represented by T3', and the starting time T3 of the data acquisition gate D1 changes along with the sound acquired by the interface echo tracking gate F1 at S1. Wherein the start time t 3' of the updated data acquisition gate D1 is t3+ Δ S1.
The sound time S1 obtained by the interface echo tracking gate mentioned above may represent time information including a rising edge time, a falling edge time, a peak time, and the like obtained by the interface echo tracking gate F1, and Δ S1 represents a variation from the sound time S1 of the last measured point. The sound time S2 represents time information including a rising edge time, a falling edge time, a peak time, and the like acquired by the bottom echo tracking gate, and Δ S2 represents a change amount from the sound time S2 of the previous measured point.
Δ T represents the amount of change in the gate width of the data acquisition gate, and if Δ T is Δ S2- Δ S1, then the gate width of the data acquisition gate D1 that changes along with the measured thickness during the ultrasound scanning process, i.e., the updated gate width is: t3 ═ T3 +. Δ T, and the start time of the updated bottom echo tracking gate F2 indicates T2 ═ T2 +. Δ S1 +. Δ T.
S105: and acquiring the position information of the measured point of the workpiece and the echo information acquired by the data acquisition gate, and calculating by an ultrasonic scanning device to obtain the relevant data of the effective ultrasonic wave of the measured point of the workpiece according to the echo information acquired by the data acquisition gate.
S106: and judging whether the execution of the scanning track formulated by the CAD model of the workpiece to be tested is finished, and if the execution of the scanning track formulated by the CAD model of the workpiece to be tested is finished, turning to the step S107. And if the scanning track formulated by the CAD model of the workpiece to be detected is not finished, the step S103 is carried out.
S107: obtaining all ultrasonic data of the workpiece.
Through the steps, the real-time tracking scanning process of the dynamic gate is realized in the scanning process, the position information of the measured point acquired by the scanning device is combined with the echo information acquired by the dynamic data acquisition gate D1 to draw an ultrasonic scanning image, and finally the ultrasonic scanning of the continuous variable-thickness workpiece is completed. The invention can solve the problems of inaccurate measurement and inaccurate measurement of the continuous variable-thickness workpiece in the ultrasonic scanning process, accurately acquires the internal echo information of the measured point through the dynamic data acquisition gate, realizes accurate detection of the internal defect of the workpiece, and ensures the reliability of the automatic ultrasonic scanning of the workpiece.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments are merely exemplary for illustrating the application of the present method and are not limiting, and that various other modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art based on the above description for studying the related problems. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or part of the steps for implementing the method embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to program instructions, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when executed, the program performs the steps including the method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
The above-described embodiments of the electronic device and the like are merely illustrative, where the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may also be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are not limited thereto; although embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A method for real-time tracking of a continuous variable-thickness workpiece by an ultrasonic scanning dynamic gate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. making a scanning track according to the measured workpiece;
B. respectively setting the starting time and the gate width of an interface echo tracking gate, a bottom echo tracking gate and a data acquisition gate of the ultrasonic scanning device;
C. and when the thickness change of the measuring point of the measured workpiece is judged according to the scanning track of the measured workpiece, updating the starting time of the bottom echo tracking gate, the starting time of the data acquisition gate and the gate width according to the sound time change of different measured points of the interface echo tracking gate and the sound time change of different measured points of the bottom echo tracking gate.
2. An ultrasonic scanning method for a continuous variable-thickness workpiece is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method of claim 1, and comprising, after said step C, the steps of:
D. and acquiring the position information of the measured point of the measured workpiece, acquiring echo information acquired by the data gate at the moment by using an ultrasonic scanning device, and calculating ultrasonic data according to the echo information.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the scanning track of the step A is formulated according to a CAD model of the workpiece to be measured.
4. The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
step C, when the thickness of the measured point of the workpiece is not changed, judging whether the scanning track is finished or not, and if so, obtaining all ultrasonic data of the workpiece; otherwise, returning to the step C.
5. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
the starting time of the interface echo tracking gate and the gate width of the interface echo tracking gate are unchanged in the scanning process;
the gate width of the bottom echo tracking gate is unchanged.
6. The method of claim 5,
the starting time of the data acquisition gate is greater than that of the interface echo tracking gate and less than that of the bottom echo tracking gate;
the gate width of the data acquisition gate is greater than that of the interface echo tracking gate and less than that of the bottom echo tracking gate.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that in step C:
the start time of the bottom echo tracking gate is updated using the following equation: the updated start time T2 ═ T2 +/S1 +/Δ T of the bottom echo tracking gate
The starting time of the data acquisition gate is updated by adopting the following formula: the updated start time t 3' of the data acquisition gate is t3 +. DELTA.S 1;
the gate width of the data acquisition gate is updated by adopting the following formula: the updated gate width T3' ═ T3 +/Δ T of the data acquisition gate;
where t2 represents the start time of the bottom echo tracking gate; t3 denotes the gate width of the data collection gate;
Δ S1 represents the amount of change in S1 with respect to the last measured point sound; Δ T represents a variation in gate width of the data collection gate, where Δ T is Δ S2 to Δ S1; Δ S2 represents the amount of change in S2 with respect to the last measured point sound;
s1 represents the sound time information acquired by the interface echo tracking gate, and S2 represents the sound time information acquired by the bottom echo tracking gate.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the acoustic time information comprises: including time information at the rising edge, falling edge, or peak.
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