CN112683745A - Heat-force-electroosmosis multi-field coupling soft soil consolidation test box - Google Patents
Heat-force-electroosmosis multi-field coupling soft soil consolidation test box Download PDFInfo
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- CN112683745A CN112683745A CN202011292104.6A CN202011292104A CN112683745A CN 112683745 A CN112683745 A CN 112683745A CN 202011292104 A CN202011292104 A CN 202011292104A CN 112683745 A CN112683745 A CN 112683745A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal-force-electroosmosis multi-field coupling soft soil consolidation test box, which comprises: the outer box body is divided into a water storage area and a soft soil area by the inner partition plate, the bottom of the inner partition plate is provided with a water outlet, and geotextile is arranged; the heating system comprises a plurality of heaters which are longitudinally arranged at intervals in the soft soil area and are connected with the heating temperature controller; the sliding rail system comprises a sliding rail, a sliding block and an angle connector, the sliding rail is longitudinally arranged on the inner wall of the soft soil area, the sliding block is arranged on the sliding rail, and the heater is fixed on the sliding rail through the angle connector; the electroosmosis system comprises a cathode plate and an anode plate which are respectively inserted into soil samples at two sides of the soft soil area to form a circuit; the air bag device comprises an air bag reaction cover plate, an air bag and an air pressure servo control system. The device has the advantages of simple installation process, cheap and economic manufacturing materials, strong operability and short experimental period. Meanwhile, simulation boxes with different sizes can be manufactured according to different experimental schemes, and the method is economical and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering foundation treatment, in particular to a thermal-force-electroosmosis multi-field coupling soft soil consolidation test box.
Background
The regions of China are wide, soft soil is widely distributed in coastal regions, along rivers and delta regions, and in order to relieve the shortage of urban basic construction land in the regions, a soft soil foundation needs to be treated, so that the engineering construction requirements are met. The soft soil has the characteristics of high water content, high compressibility, low permeability, low shear strength, high salt content, obvious structural property and rheological property and the like, so that the soft soil is more complex to treat.
Chinese patent 'method for treating deep soft soil foundation by combining chemical electroosmosis method with vacuum preloading method'
(ZL201110083357.7) discloses a method for treating soft soil foundation by combining an electroosmosis method and a vacuum preloading method: the method comprises the steps of firstly arranging a transverse drainage plate and a sealing geomembrane from the top layer of a soil body, then inserting a vertical drainage plate and a metal electrode, injecting chemical solution, electrifying direct current, vacuumizing to form pressure difference, and discharging water from a cathode to achieve the purpose of drainage consolidation. Although the method effectively treats the soil body strength of deep and soft soil layers, the method mainly has the following problems: 1. the reinforced soil body has low strength, large sedimentation deformation and poor uniformity, and the built engineering has engineering quality problems of different degrees; uneven settlement and other problems of various buildings (adopting vacuum preloading for foundation treatment) in the Tianjin coastal new area already occur. 2. The electroosmosis is combined with the vacuum preloading to treat deep soft soil, so the manufacturing cost is higher and the popularization prospect is limited. 3. The chemical solution calcium chloride injected in the method can increase the water hardness, cause the soil salinization and damage the building construction. Therefore, the existing soft foundation reinforcement technology needs to be further improved and innovated, so that the better reinforcement effect is achieved and the economic and environmental benefits are simultaneously considered.
Based on the traditional drainage consolidation method (preloading method and electroosmosis drainage method), the thermal consolidation method is an environment-friendly, effective consolidation method is an expansion, and the soft soil is treated by three-field coupling, so that an environment-friendly, economic and effective foundation treatment method is realized. Chinese patent 'water circulation type foundation heating device and construction method for dewatering soft soil foundation by applying same'
(ZL201710471305.4) discloses a water circulation type foundation heating device and an application method: firstly, the U-shaped pipes are arranged in a soft soil foundation in a ramming mode, all the U-shaped pipes are connected in series to form a water circulation loop through a circulation water outlet of an electric heating furnace, and the device is combined with a vacuum preloading method to accelerate drainage and consolidation of a soil body. Although the method increases the bearing capacity after foundation reinforcement and reduces the post-construction settlement, the method still has some defects: for example, the water circulation heating effect of the U-shaped pipe is not obvious, the upper temperature limit is 100 degrees, and the upper temperature limit is not reached actually.
Compared with other foundation treatment methods, the electroosmosis method has the advantages of short time, no noise and dust pollution, safety, environmental protection and the like, but the method has the limitation of large-scale application due to the problems of high energy consumption, serious electrode corrosion and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects of the background art, the invention discloses a thermal-force-electroosmosis multi-field coupling soft soil consolidation test box.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a thermal-force-electroosmosis multi-field coupling soft soil consolidation test box, which comprises:
the outer box body is divided into a water storage area and a soft soil area through an inner partition plate, the bottom of the inner partition plate is provided with a water outlet, and geotextile is arranged at the water outlet;
the heating system comprises a plurality of heaters and heating temperature controllers, wherein the heaters are longitudinally arranged at intervals in the soft soil area and are all connected with the heating temperature controllers;
the slide rail system comprises slide rails, slide blocks and angle codes, the slide rails are longitudinally arranged on the inner wall of the soft soil area, the slide blocks are arranged on the slide rails, and the heater is fixed on the slide rails through the angle codes to realize the longitudinal displacement of the heater in the soft soil area;
the electroosmosis system comprises a cathode plate and an anode plate, wherein the cathode plate and the anode plate are respectively inserted into soil samples at two sides of the soft soil area to form a circuit;
the air bag device comprises an air bag counter-force cover plate, an air bag and an air pressure servo control system, wherein the air bag is positioned above a soil sample, a loading area is positioned by controlling the embedded shape and the positioning part of the air bag counter-force cover plate, the air bag is placed in a corresponding embedded area, an inflation pipe penetrates through the air bag counter-force cover plate to be respectively connected with an air bag inflation inlet and an air pressure source, and the air pressure source is controlled to inflate and deflate through a control computer to change the air pressure.
The heating temperature is uniformly controlled by electrifying the heating temperature controller to directly heat the soil body, so that the thermal reinforcement is realized. The heating not only discharges free water in the soil body by a conventional drainage consolidation means, the electroosmosis discharges partial weak bound water, the heating has certain influence on the pore water pressure and the effective stress of the soil body, but also can evaporate the pore water in the soil body, so that the effective stress born by the soil framework is promoted, the foundation treatment effect is good, and pollutants in the soil can be effectively removed aiming at the polluted soil containing Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs).
The device has flexible and simple pressure value adjustment, can accurately control the load value, and forms a large-area uniformly-distributed load simulation surcharge preloading construction process; arranging heaters in the soft soil in layers; the invention adopts the area division mould to avoid the limitation that the ideal loading modes such as instantaneous loading, static pressure application and the like in common tests are not in accordance with the construction site, and thermal reinforcement is applied to a drainage consolidation method for the first time to develop the thermal reinforcement-preloading-electroosmotic drainage multi-field coupling drainage consolidation combined reinforcement simulation box.
Furthermore, the outer box body is formed by bonding and fixing a plurality of acrylic glass plates through shadowless glue, and acid silicone glass glue is filled in the joint to prevent water leakage.
Furthermore, the inner wall of the soft soil area is provided with a heat insulation board which is connected through high temperature resistant glue.
Furthermore, a water collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the water storage area.
Furthermore, the heater mainly comprises a nichrome heating wire and a silicon rubber high-temperature insulating layer, wherein the silicon rubber high-temperature insulating layer is a sheet formed by compounding silicon rubber and glass fiber cloth, and has good flexibility.
Furthermore, a temperature detector is arranged in the soft soil area and is positioned in the center of each layer of soil sample, and the obtained soil sample temperature is objective.
Furthermore, the negative plate is inserted into one side of the soft soil area close to the water storage area, and the other side of the negative plate is inserted into the positive plate.
The working principle is as follows: the research on the influence of the temperature on the soil property shows that the heating can improve the permeability coefficient of the soil body and improve the consolidation character of the soil body. Based on this knowledge, researchers have proposed hot drain consolidation methods and conducted experimental studies. Abuel-Nag et al first proposed a vertical shaft foundation thermal drainage consolidation model test, and found that heating energy accelerates the consolidation of the vertical shaft foundation. The thermal drainage consolidation test of the vertical shaft foundation proves that the thermal drainage consolidation of the vertical shaft foundation can bring about larger foundation settlement, so that the soil body is more compact. Researches on Liu gan bin and the like and Yi Tiefeng and the like show that the thermal consolidation drainage method can accelerate the consolidation rate of the foundation, increase the total settlement, improve the shear strength of the soil and improve the soft foundation treatment effect. And the electroosmosis principle is adopted to lead the electrodes to be electrified with direct current, and the soil particles with negative charges move to the high potential position under the action of an external electric field. Dissolved substances such as hydrated cations in the liquid phase of the soil move to a lower potential. And the water flows into the reservoir through the geotextile, and pore water is gradually discharged from the soft soil foundation under the action of an additional load, so that the pore ratio is reduced, and consolidation deformation is generated. In the process, along with the gradual dissipation of the hyperstatic pore water pressure of the soil body, the effective stress of the soil is increased, the shear strength of the soil body is correspondingly increased, and the settlement is completed in advance or the settlement rate is increased.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: 1. the device has the advantages of simple installation process, cheap and economic manufacturing materials, strong operability and short experimental period, and meanwhile, simulation boxes with different sizes can be manufactured according to different experimental schemes, so that the device is economic and environment-friendly; 2. when the soil is thermally reinforced, the temperature rise not only has certain influence on the pore water pressure and the effective stress in the soil body, but also evaporates the pore water in the soil body, so that the effective stress born by the soil framework is improved; but also can effectively remove pollutants in the polluted soil containing Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs); 3. in the foundation treatment process, the preloading is generally to assume that an evenly distributed load is applied to the treated soil body, and the load of the treated soil body can be uniformly distributed by dividing the regional load through the air bag device and the counter-force cover plate, so that the engineering problems of uneven settlement and the like are not easy to generate; 4. the negative plate provides a horizontal drainage channel, so that the drainage process can be carried out at a constant speed and is not easy to deform, and the negative plate can be used for a long time; 5. the combination of longitudinal layered heating and transverse drainage is beneficial to the overall settlement of soil, and the problems of large foundation bearing capacity of an anode region and insufficient bearing capacity of a cathode region caused by electroosmosis drainage consolidation can be solved; 6. the air bag loading device is flexible and simple in pressure value adjustment, and can accurately control the load value, so that a large-area uniformly-distributed load simulation surcharge preloading construction process is formed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional view of the internal construction of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The thermal-force-electroosmosis multi-field coupling soft soil consolidation test box shown in fig. 1 and 2 comprises:
the outer box body 1 is divided into a water storage area 101 and a soft soil area 102 by an inner partition plate 2, the bottom of the inner partition plate 2 is provided with a water outlet, and a geotextile 3 is arranged at the water outlet; the outer box body 1 is formed by bonding and fixing a plurality of acrylic glass plates through shadowless glue, and acidic silicone glass glue is filled in seams; the inner wall of the soft soil area 102 is provided with a heat insulation board 13 which is connected through high temperature resistant glue; the bottom of the water storage area 101 is provided with a water collecting tank 14.
The heating system comprises a plurality of heaters 4 and heating temperature controllers 5, wherein the heaters 4 are longitudinally arranged in the soft soil area 102 at intervals and are connected with the heating temperature controllers 5; the heater 4 mainly comprises a nichrome heating wire and a silicon rubber high-temperature insulating layer, wherein the silicon rubber high-temperature insulating layer is a sheet formed by compounding silicon rubber and glass fiber cloth. And a temperature detector is also arranged in the soft soil area 102 and is positioned in the center of each layer of soil sample.
The slide rail system comprises a slide rail 6, a slide block 7 and an angle connector 8, wherein the slide rail 6 is longitudinally arranged on the inner wall of the soft soil area 102, the slide block 7 is arranged on the slide rail 6, and the heater 4 is fixed on the slide rail 6 through the angle connector 8, so that the heater 4 longitudinally moves in the soft soil area 102;
the electroosmosis system comprises a cathode plate 9 and an anode plate 10, wherein the cathode plate 9 and the anode plate 10 are respectively inserted into soil samples at two sides of the soft soil area 102 to form a circuit; the cathode plate 9 is inserted into the soft soil area 102 on one side near the water storage area 101 and the anode plate 10 is inserted on the other side.
The air bag device comprises an air bag counter-force cover plate 11, an air bag 12 and an air pressure servo control system, wherein the air bag 12 is located above a soil sample, a loading area is loaded by controlling an embedded shape positioning part of the air bag counter-force cover plate 11, the air bag 12 is placed in a corresponding embedded area, an inflation pipe penetrates through the air bag counter-force cover plate 11 and is respectively connected with an air bag inflation inlet and an air pressure source, and the air pressure source is controlled to inflate and deflate through a control computer to change the air pressure.
In the specific implementation:
the acrylic glass plate is adhered and fixed by shadowless glue (UV glue), and then the joint is filled with acid silicone glass glue to prevent water leakage, or the acrylic glue adhesive is used for preparing the outer box body 1.
The water storage area 101 and the soft soil area 102 are separated by a non-closed inner partition plate 2, a 10cm square hole is reserved below the water storage area 101, and the geotextile 3 is installed to ensure that the soft soil is prevented from seeping out when water flows into the water storage area 101. The part of the inner side of the box body, which is in direct contact with the soil body, is pasted with a high-temperature-resistant glue XPS extruded sheet to serve as a heat insulation board 13, so that the situation that the box body of the acrylic glass plate is deformed due to overhigh temperature of the heated soil body is prevented. Three heaters 4 are layered. A cathode plate 9 is inserted into the soft soil sample close to the impoundment area 101, and an anode plate 10 is inserted into the soft soil sample.
The air bag 12 is placed above the soil sample, the loading area of the embedded shape positioning part of the air bag counter-force cover plate 11 is controlled according to the experimental scheme, the air bag 12 is placed in the corresponding embedded area, the inflation tube penetrates through the cover plate and is respectively connected with an air bag inflation inlet and an air pressure source, the air pressure source is controlled to inflate and deflate through a control computer to change the air pressure, and the loading load size and the loading speed are selected according to the experimental scheme to carry out a conventional preloading experiment.
The embedded shapes of the airbag 11 and the airbag counterforce cover plate 12 control the loading area, and the pressurization size and the pressurization speed.
In the scheme, the pressure servo control system is internally provided with the pressure gauge for detecting the air pressure value, and the soft soil is internally provided with the temperature detector so as to detect the heating temperature of the soft soil.
The 4 sliding rails 6 are fixed on the inner walls of the two sides of the XPS extruded sheet respectively pairwise by using M4 screws, and the distance between the two sliding ways fixed on the inner wall of the same side is 268 mm. Each slide rail 6 is provided with three slide blocks 7 in a standard way, each slide block 7 is respectively connected with an angle code 8 through an M4 screw, and the angle codes are named as angle code <1>, angle code <2> and angle code <3> corresponding to the corresponding slide rails 7. And the corner brace <1> corresponding to each slide way 7 is taken as a corner and is connected with the heater 1 through an M4 screw, and the like, the corner brace <2> and the heater 4 are correspondingly connected, and the angle steel <3> and the heater 4 are correspondingly connected.
The cathode plate and the anode plate are EKG electrode plates, and the connection mode of the electrode plates refers to a patent with the application number of CN201822070813.4 and the name of EKG electrode plate wiring structure for electroosmosis test.
The specific application method of the device of the invention is as follows:
(1) and calculating the thickness of each layer of the three layers of soft soil according to the thickness of the soft soil to be processed.
(2) According to the figure 1, soft soil samples are placed in layers, a silicon rubber heater is placed above the soft soil layer after each layer of soft soil samples are placed, four layers of soil bodies and three heaters are placed, the silicon rubber heater does not need to be placed at the top, and the temperature of the heaters is controlled by leading out a lead from the box body. A temperature detector was placed as needed.
(3) The conducting wire is fixed on the anode plate and the cathode plate by an electrified wire. According to fig. 1, the anode is inserted into the left side of the soil body, and the cathode is inserted into the right side of the soil body.
(4) The method comprises the steps of placing an air bag above a soil sample, controlling a loading area of an embedded shape positioning part of a counter-force cover plate according to an experimental scheme, placing the air bag in a corresponding embedded area, penetrating an inflation pipe through the cover plate to be respectively connected with an air bag inflation inlet and an air pressure source, controlling the air pressure source to inflate and deflate through a control computer to change the air pressure, and selecting the loading load size and the loading speed according to the experimental scheme to carry out a conventional preloading experiment.
(5) According to the figure 1, the water collecting cylinder is placed below the hole of the water collecting tank, the heating controller is inserted into the socket, the lead is connected into the direct current power supply, and the switch is turned on to start the experiment.
(6) And after solidification, powering off and waiting for the device to finish cooling, drawing out the anode plate and the cathode plate, taking out the soil sample in layers, detecting the solidification degree and the sedimentation amount, and measuring the water discharge amount in the water collecting tank.
(7) After the cleaning is finished, the reusable heater and the anode plate are removed, and meanwhile, the cathode plate is relatively less corroded and can be reused on the premise of meeting the functions of the heater and the anode plate. The test can be repeated after the box body is cleaned by clear water.
(8) Different experimental schemes are formed by changing potential gradient, soil body temperature, stacking stages and areas, and the influence degree of each element of thermal-force-electroosmosis multi-field coupling on soft soil treatment is explored.
Claims (7)
1. A thermal-force-electroosmosis multi-field coupling soft soil consolidation test box is characterized by comprising:
the outer box body (1) is divided into a water storage area (101) and a soft soil area (102) through an inner partition plate (2), a water outlet is formed in the bottom of the inner partition plate (2), and geotextile (3) is arranged at the water outlet;
the heating system comprises a plurality of heaters (4) and heating temperature controllers (5), wherein the heaters (4) are longitudinally arranged in the soft soil area (102) at intervals and are connected with the heating temperature controllers (5);
the slide rail system comprises a slide rail (6), a slide block (7) and an angle code (8), wherein the slide rail (6) is longitudinally arranged on the inner wall of the soft soil area (102), the slide block (7) is arranged on the slide rail (6), and the heater (4) is fixed on the slide rail (6) through the angle code (8) to realize the longitudinal displacement of the heater (4) in the soft soil area (102);
the electroosmosis system comprises a cathode plate (9) and an anode plate (10), wherein the cathode plate (9) and the anode plate (10) are respectively inserted into soil samples on two sides of the soft soil area (102) to form a circuit;
the air bag device comprises an air bag counter-force cover plate (11), an air bag (12) and an air pressure servo control system, wherein the air bag (12) is located above a soil sample, an embedded shape positioning part loading area is formed by controlling the air bag counter-force cover plate (11), the air bag (12) is placed in a corresponding embedded area, an inflation tube penetrates through the air bag counter-force cover plate (11) to be respectively connected with an air bag inflation inlet and an air pressure source, and the air pressure source is controlled to inflate and deflate through a control computer to change the air pressure.
2. The thermo-mechanical-electro-osmosis multi-field coupling soft soil consolidation test chamber of claim 1, wherein: the outer box body (1) is formed by bonding and fixing a plurality of acrylic glass plates through shadowless glue, and acidic silicone glass glue is filled in seams.
3. The thermo-mechanical-electro-osmosis multi-field coupling soft soil consolidation test chamber of claim 1, wherein: and the inner wall of the soft soil area (102) is provided with a heat insulation board (13) which is connected through high temperature resistant glue.
4. The thermo-mechanical-electro-osmosis multi-field coupling soft soil consolidation test chamber of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the water storage area (101) is provided with a water collecting tank (14).
5. The thermo-mechanical-electro-osmosis multi-field coupling soft soil consolidation test chamber of claim 1, wherein: the heater (4) mainly comprises a nichrome heating wire and a silicon rubber high-temperature insulating layer, wherein the silicon rubber high-temperature insulating layer is in a sheet shape formed by compounding silicon rubber and glass fiber cloth.
6. The thermo-mechanical-electro-osmosis multi-field coupling soft soil consolidation test chamber of claim 1, wherein: and a temperature detector is also arranged in the soft soil area (102) and is positioned in the central position of each layer of soil sample.
7. The thermo-mechanical-electro-osmosis multi-field coupling soft soil consolidation test chamber of claim 1, wherein: the cathode plate (9) is inserted into one side of the soft soil area (102) close to the water storage area (101), and the anode plate (10) is inserted into the other side.
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| CN113218837A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏科技大学 | Chemical grouting device and test method for soft soil chemical electroosmosis reinforcement test |
| CN114809128A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-07-29 | 南京工业大学 | Heating-prepressing-electroosmosis self-supplied energy circulation soft soil consolidation simulation box |
| CN114858895A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-08-05 | 江苏科技大学 | Testing device and testing method for electrochemically consolidating, draining and circularly heating local soil body of cathode |
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