CN112683711B - Testing device for heat exchange tube - Google Patents
Testing device for heat exchange tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN112683711B CN112683711B CN202011447686.0A CN202011447686A CN112683711B CN 112683711 B CN112683711 B CN 112683711B CN 202011447686 A CN202011447686 A CN 202011447686A CN 112683711 B CN112683711 B CN 112683711B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses a testing device of a heat exchange tube, comprising: fixed establishment, fixed establishment includes: the clamping device comprises a fixed frame, a first fixed seat, a second fixed seat, a first clamping assembly and a second clamping assembly; the balance assembly is used for connecting the two heat exchange tubes; the pre-tightening force loading mechanism comprises two pre-tightening force loading units, each pre-tightening force loading unit acts on one heat exchange tube, and the two pre-tightening force loading units are arranged on the opposite sides of the balance assembly respectively. According to the invention, the sliding rail and the first sliding block form a revolute pair, so that the pretightening force generated when the heat exchange tube is screwed down is unloaded, and the test experiment is smoothly carried out; and meanwhile, the two heating pipes are fixedly clamped, and the balance assembly is arranged between the two heat exchange pipes, so that the interference of the force generated by the heat exchange pipes during pre-tightening on the test is avoided, and the experimental error is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchange tubes in nuclear power steam generators, in particular to a test device for a heat exchange tube.
Background
The heat exchange tube is an indispensable part of the nuclear power steam generator and plays a role in heat exchange in specified temperature, pressure and different media. In a nuclear power station, the U-shaped pipe vibrates in the surface of a bent pipe area due to flow-induced vibration, so that the heat exchange pipe and a support bearing plate are coupled in various friction modes in the operation process, including impact wear, fretting wear, sliding wear and the like. In recent years, cases of contact damage of heat exchange pipes have been gradually discovered, and friction test experiments for heat exchange pipes have been required.
However, in the friction test experiment process of the heat exchange tube, when the fixing mechanism and the pretightening force loading mechanism perform pretightening on the heat exchange tube, the heat exchange tube is twisted and bent, so that a test result has a very large error, and finally the test result has no reference value.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above disadvantages in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a testing apparatus for a heat exchange tube, which is used to solve the problem of error in the testing result of the heat exchange tube in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is a test device of a heat exchange tube, which comprises the following components:
a securing mechanism, comprising: a fixed mount; the clamping device comprises a first fixed seat and a second fixed seat, wherein the first fixed seat and the second fixed seat are respectively fixed with a first clamping assembly; the sliding seat is arranged on the fixed frame, and the relative position between the sliding seat and the fixed frame can be adjusted; two ends of the sliding seat are respectively provided with a second clamping assembly, and the relative positions of the two second clamping assemblies and the sliding seat can be adjusted; the balance assembly is used for connecting the two heat exchange tubes; the balance assembly includes: the balance rod is provided with a first connecting part, a second connecting part and a third connecting part, the second connecting part is positioned between the first connecting part and the third connecting part, the first connecting part is connected with one heat exchange tube, the third connecting part is connected with the other heat exchange tube, and the second connecting part is used for connecting a power assembly;
the pre-tightening force loading mechanism comprises two pre-tightening force loading units, each pre-tightening force loading unit acts on one heat exchange tube, and the two pre-tightening force loading units are arranged on the opposite sides of the balance assembly respectively.
Preferably, the first clamping assembly is used for clamping one end of a heat exchange pipe, and comprises: a slide rail; the first limiting sliding block and the second limiting sliding block are both arranged on the sliding rail, and the distance between the first limiting sliding block and the second limiting sliding block is adjustable; the first sliding block is used for fixing one end of the heat exchange tube, the first sliding block is arranged on the sliding rail and can slide along the sliding rail between the first limiting sliding block and the second limiting sliding block, and a revolute pair is formed between the first sliding block and the sliding rail;
the second centre gripping subassembly is used for the other end of centre gripping heat exchange tube, the second centre gripping subassembly includes: a chute; the third limiting sliding block and the fourth limiting sliding block are both arranged in the sliding groove, and the distance between the third limiting sliding block and the fourth limiting sliding block is adjustable; and the second sliding block is used for fixing the other end of the heat exchange tube, and the second sliding block is arranged in the sliding groove and can slide between the third limiting sliding block and the fourth limiting sliding block along the sliding groove.
Preferably, the first slider includes: the first body is arranged on the slide rail, can slide along the slide rail and rotates by taking the slide rail as an axis; the first clamping block is fixed on the first body and provided with a first clamping part matched with the outer wall of the heat exchange tube; the second clamping block is connected with the first clamping block through a bolt, and a second clamping part matched with the outer wall of the heat exchange tube is formed in the second clamping block; the sliding rail is arranged in a cylindrical shape, and the first body is provided with a groove matched with the sliding rail;
the second slider includes: the second body is arranged on the sliding groove and can slide along the sliding groove; the third clamping block is fixed on the second body and provided with a third clamping part matched with the outer wall of the heat exchange tube; the fourth clamping part is in bolted connection with the third clamping part, and the fourth clamping block is provided with a fourth clamping part matched with the outer wall of the heat exchange tube; the cross-section of spout is the rectangle setting, the second body seted up with the lug of the inner wall laminating of spout.
Preferably, the first limit sliding block and the second limit sliding block are both provided with a first locking bolt, and the sliding between the first limit sliding block/the second limit sliding block and the sliding rail can be locked or unlocked by rotating the first locking bolt;
and the third limiting slide block and the fourth limiting slide block are both provided with second locking bolts, and the second locking bolts are rotated to lock or unlock the third limiting slide block/the fourth limiting slide block and the sliding grooves.
Preferably, the preload loading unit includes:
the distance between the fixed plate and the adjusting plate is adjustable; the pressure sensor is fixed on one side of the adjusting plate, which is far away from the fixing plate;
a sample plate fixed to one end of the pressure sensor away from the adjusting plate;
the coarse adjustment assembly comprises a coarse adjustment bolt which is in threaded connection with the fixing plate and/or the adjusting plate, and the distance between the fixing plate and the adjusting plate can be adjusted by turning the coarse adjustment bolt;
and the fine adjustment assembly comprises a fine adjustment bolt in threaded connection with the fixing plate, and one end of the fine adjustment bolt penetrates through the fixing plate and abuts against or is separated from the adjusting plate.
Preferably, the coarse adjustment assembly comprises two coarse adjustment bolts; two first coarse adjustment screw holes are formed in the fixing plate, two second coarse adjustment screw holes are formed in the adjusting plate, and the coarse adjustment bolts penetrate through the first coarse adjustment screw holes and the second coarse adjustment screw holes simultaneously.
Preferably, a pre-tightening spring is arranged between the adjusting plate and the fixing plate, one end of the pre-tightening spring abuts against the fixing plate, and the other end of the pre-tightening spring abuts against the adjusting plate.
Preferably, a sleeve is fixed at one end of the fine adjustment bolt close to the adjustment plate, and one end of the sleeve far away from the fine adjustment bolt is separated from or abutted against the adjustment plate.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: and the fixed frame is used for installing the fixed mechanism and the pretightening force loading mechanism.
Preferably, the fixed frame comprises a plurality of mounting beams and supporting beams vertically fixed with the mounting beams;
the fixing beam is provided with a plurality of slotted holes along the length direction, and the fixing mechanism and the pretightening force loading mechanism are fixed in any slotted hole.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) the distance between the first limiting slide block and the second limiting slide block is adjustable, and the distance between the third limiting slide block and the fourth limiting slide block is adjustable, so that the amplitude (up-down jumping amplitude) of the two ends of the heat exchange tube in the test process can be controlled, and further, various parameters of the heat exchange tube under different amplitudes can be tested, and the test device with the clamping device is wider in measurable range.
(2) A revolute pair is formed between the sliding rail and the first sliding block, namely the first sliding block can rotate by taking the sliding rail as a shaft, so that two ends of the heat exchange tube cannot be held, the second sliding block cannot be abutted against the inner wall of the sliding groove under the action of a pre-tightening force, and the first sliding block and the second sliding block can freely slide in respective preset ranges; namely, the rotatable connection of the slide rail and the first slide block avoids or reduces the transverse bending of the heat exchange tube, so that the test experiment can be smoothly carried out.
(3) Set up first locking bolt and second locking bolt respectively for the amplitude at heat exchange tube both ends can be adjusted alone, and then the both ends of test heat exchange tube are various parameters under the condition of different amplitudes simultaneously.
(4) A fixing mechanism can fix two heat exchange tubes, and simultaneously, the two heat exchange tubes are connected by a balance rod, and a second connecting part is arranged on the balance rod and used for connecting a power assembly, so that the testing efficiency is improved. The transverse bending forces on the two heat exchange tubes are transmitted to the first connecting part and the third connecting part and are counteracted on the balancing rods, so that the interference of transverse bending generated when the heat exchange tubes are pre-tightened on an experiment is avoided, and the experiment error is greatly reduced; meanwhile, the power assembly and the second connecting part can be smoothly connected, torsion cannot be generated between the power assembly and the second connecting part, and the service life of the power assembly and the balance rod is prolonged.
(5) And a coarse adjustment component and a fine adjustment component are arranged to realize graded adjustment, and the magnitude of the applied force is accurately controlled.
(6) A pre-tightening spring is arranged between the adjusting plate and the fixing plate, before testing, the rough adjusting bolt is screwed, the pre-tightening spring is in a compressed state, the pre-tightening spring is continuously released in the adjusting process, and the pre-tightening spring is still guaranteed to be in the compressed state after adjusting is finished. Therefore, even if the coarse adjusting bolt and/or the fine adjusting bolt are loosened to cause the pretightening force to be incapable of being provided, the pretightening spring can provide elastic force to ensure that the pretightening force does not suddenly drop to zero, so that a backup means for the failure of the fastening piece is provided.
(7) The contact area between the fine adjustment assembly and the adjusting plate can be increased by arranging the sleeve, and when the fine adjustment bolt rotates at the same angle, the larger the contact area is, the smaller the stress per unit area is; that is, the larger the adjustment range of the fine adjustment bolt that the adjustment plate can bear, the larger the adjustable range of the fine adjustment assembly is increased. Meanwhile, the contact area of the adjusting plate is increased, and the adjusting plate can be effectively protected from being damaged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a test apparatus in an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a fixing mechanism in the embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a fixing frame according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a balancing assembly of an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first clamping assembly according to an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first slider in the embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a second clamping assembly in accordance with an embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second slider in the embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the sliding seat and two second clamping assemblies in the embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a preload mechanism in an embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a preload unit in an embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment in which a pre-tightening spring is added to the pre-tightening force loading unit;
in the figure:
100. a fixed mount;
200. a first clamping assembly; 210. a first fixed seat; 220. a second fixed seat; 230. a slide rail; 240. a first limit slide block; 250. a second limit slide block; 260. a first slider; 261. a first body; 261a, a groove; 262. a first clamping block; 262a, a first clamping part; 263. a second clamping block; 263a, a second clamping part; 270. a first locking bolt;
300. a second clamping assembly; 310. a chute; 320. a third limiting slide block; 330. a fourth limiting slide block; 340. a second slider; 341. a second body; 341a, a bump; 342. a third clamping block; 342a, a third clamping part; 343. a fourth clamping block; 343a and a fourth clamping part; 350. a second locking bolt; 360. a sliding seat;
400. a balancing component; 410. a balancing pole; 411. a first connection portion; 412. a second connecting portion; 413. a third connecting portion;
500. a pre-tightening force loading unit; 510. a fixing plate; 520. an adjusting plate; 530. a pressure sensor; 540. a sample plate; 550. a coarse tuning component; 551. roughly adjusting the bolts; 560. a fine tuning component; 561. fine-tuning the bolt; 562. a sleeve; 563. pre-tightening the spring;
600. a power assembly;
700. a heat exchange pipe;
800. a fixed frame; 810. mounting a beam; 811. a slot; 820. and supporting the beam.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 12, the present invention discloses a testing apparatus for a heat exchange tube, including:
a securing mechanism, comprising: a fixing frame 100; the clamping device comprises a first fixed seat 210 and a second fixed seat 220, wherein a first clamping component 200 is respectively fixed on the first fixed seat 210 and the second fixed seat 220; a sliding seat 360 disposed on the fixing frame 100, wherein a relative position between the sliding seat 360 and the fixing frame 100 is adjustable; two ends of the sliding seat 360 are respectively provided with a second clamping assembly 300, and the relative positions between the two second clamping assemblies 300 and the sliding seat 360 can be adjusted; a balance assembly 400 for coupling the two heat exchange pipes 700; the balancing assembly 400 includes: the balance bar 410 is provided with a first connecting part 411, a second connecting part 412 and a third connecting part 413, the second connecting part 412 is located between the first connecting part 411 and the third connecting part 413, the first connecting part 411 is connected with one heat exchange tube 700, the third connecting part 413 is connected with the other heat exchange tube 700, and the second connecting part 412 is used for connecting the power assembly 600;
the pre-tightening force loading mechanism comprises two pre-tightening force loading units 500, each pre-tightening force loading unit 500 acts on one heat exchange tube 700, and the two pre-tightening force loading units 500 are arranged on the opposite sides of the balance assembly 400 respectively.
Specifically, in the fixing mechanism, the power assembly 600 drives the balance bar 410 to move up and down, and the first connecting portion 411 and the second connecting portion 412 of the balance bar 410 drive the two heat exchange tubes 700 to slide up and down, so as to simulate the movement track of the heat exchange tubes 700 during use, thereby performing tests on various parameters of the heat exchange tubes 700. Wherein, can test two heat exchange tubes 700 simultaneously in a fixed establishment, improved efficiency of software testing.
Under the condition that the balance assembly 400 is not arranged, when the heat exchange tube 700 is pre-tightened, the heat exchange tube 700 is transversely bent, the position of the original part for connecting the power assembly 600 is driven to deviate, and the original part cannot be over against the power assembly 600, at this time, torsion exists between the power assembly 600 and the part for connecting the power assembly 600, the torsion can greatly interfere with the testing process, and the testing result has no reference value; moreover, under the condition that the power assembly 600 drives the heat exchange tube 700 to move at a high speed, the torsion can cause great damage to the power assembly 600, and the service life of the power assembly 600 is greatly shortened. In the embodiment, two heat exchange tubes 700 are arranged, the balance bar 410 is used for connecting the two heat exchange tubes 700, and the balance bar 410 is provided with a second connecting part 412 for connecting the power assembly 600, at this time, the transverse bending force on the two heat exchange tubes 700 can be transmitted to the first connecting part 411 and the third connecting part 413, and the two forces are offset on the balance bar 410, so that the interference of the force generated when the heat exchange tubes 700 are pre-tightened on the experiment is avoided, and the experimental error is greatly reduced; meanwhile, the power assembly 600 and the second connecting portion 412 can be smoothly connected, no torsion is generated between the power assembly 600 and the second connecting portion, and the service lives of the power assembly 600 and the balancing rod 410 are prolonged.
Preferably, the first connecting portion 411 and the third connecting portion 413 are two ends of the balance bar 410, and the second connecting portion 412 is located at a midpoint of the balance bar 410, so that the force leakage effect of the balance bar 410 is more complete, and the power assembly 600 is more fully protected.
Further, the relative position between the sliding seat 360 and the fixing frame 100 is adjustable, so that the distance between the first clamping assembly 200 and the second clamping assembly 300 is adjustable, i.e. the fixing mechanism can fix heat exchange tubes 700 with different lengths;
the relative positions between the two second clamping assemblies 300 and the sliding seat 360 can be adjusted; that is, when the heat exchange tube 700 is bent laterally, the position of the second clamping assembly 300 on the sliding seat 360 can be adjusted, so that the heat exchange tube 700 is not bent any more, most of the pre-tightening force generated during tightening is eliminated, and the test error is reduced.
Referring to fig. 5 to 6, the first clamping assembly 200 is used for clamping one end of a heat exchange tube 700, and the first clamping assembly 200 includes: a slide rail 230; the first limiting sliding block 240 and the second limiting sliding block 250 are arranged on the sliding rail 230, and the distance between the first limiting sliding block 240 and the second limiting sliding block 250 is adjustable; the first sliding block 260 is used for fixing one end of the heat exchange tube 700, the first sliding block 260 is arranged on the sliding rail 230 and can slide along the sliding rail 230 between the first limiting sliding block 240 and the second limiting sliding block 250, and a revolute pair is formed between the first sliding block 260 and the sliding rail 230;
referring to fig. 7 to 9, the second clamping assembly 300 is used for clamping the other end of the heat exchange pipe 700, and the second clamping assembly 300 includes: a chute 310; the third limiting sliding block 320 and the fourth limiting sliding block 330 are both arranged on the sliding groove 310, and the distance between the third limiting sliding block 320 and the fourth limiting sliding block 330 is adjustable; and a second sliding block 340 for fixing the other end of the heat exchange tube 700, wherein the second sliding block 340 is disposed on the sliding groove 310 and can slide along the sliding groove 310 between the third limiting sliding block 320 and the fourth limiting sliding block 330.
The first clamping assembly 200 clamps any one end of the heat exchange pipe 700, and the second clamping assembly 300 clamps the other end of the heat exchange pipe 700; the first limiting slide 240 and the second limiting slide 250 are arranged to ensure that the first slide 260 (i.e. one end of the heat exchange tube 700) can slide between the first limiting slide 240 and the second limiting slide 250, preferably, the distance between the first limiting slide 240 and the second limiting slide 250 is adjustable, so that the amplitude (the amplitude of vertical run-out) of one end of the heat exchange tube 700 in the test process can be controlled, and further, the distance between the first limiting slide 240 and the second limiting slide 250 can be changed to measure various parameters of the heat exchange tube 700 under different amplitudes, so that the test device with the clamping device can be wider in measurable range; similarly, in the second clamping assembly 300, the third limiting slider 320 and the fourth limiting slider 330 are arranged to enable the other end of the heat exchange tube 700 to freely slide within another preset range, preferably, the distance between the third limiting slider 320 and the fourth limiting slider 330 is adjustable, so that the distance between the third limiting slider 320 and the fourth limiting slider 330 can be changed to measure various parameters of the heat exchange tube 700 under different amplitudes, and the testing device with the clamping device can have a wider measurable range.
Before testing the heat exchange tube 700, the heat exchange tube 700 needs to be fixed and pressed, and two sources of generated pretightening force are mainly: first, a pre-tightening force generated by other devices that apply pressure to the heat exchange pipe 700; second, the heat exchange tube 700 generates a pre-tightening force when being tightened.
Specifically, when the heat exchange tube 700 is pre-tensioned, the heat exchange tube 700 is bent in the transverse direction (i.e., the heat exchange tube 700 is bent in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the sliding groove 310 or the sliding rail 230), and the two ends of the heat exchange tube 700 are held back by the transverse bending, so that the second sliding block 340 is pressed against the inner wall of the sliding groove 310 under the action of the pre-tensioning force and cannot slide in the sliding groove 310, and the experiment fails. In this embodiment, a revolute pair is formed between the sliding rail 230 and the first sliding block 260, that is, the first sliding block 260 can rotate around the sliding rail 230, so that the two ends of the heat exchange tube 700 are not held back, that is, the second sliding block 340 is not abutted against the inner wall of the sliding groove 310 under the action of a pre-tightening force, and the first sliding block 260 and the second sliding block 340 can freely slide within respective preset ranges; that is to say, the rotatable connection between the slide rail 230 and the first slide block 260 unloads the pre-tightening force applied to the two ends of the heat exchange tube 700 during tightening, and simultaneously avoids or reduces the situation that the heat exchange tube 700 is bent in the transverse direction after being pressed by other settings, so as to facilitate the test experiment to be performed smoothly.
The first slider 260 includes: a first body 261 disposed on the slide rail 230, wherein the first body 261 can slide along the slide rail 230 and rotate around the slide rail 230; a first clamping block 262 fixed to the first body 261, the first clamping block 262 being provided with a first clamping portion 262a adapted to an outer wall of the heat exchange tube 700; the second clamping block 263 is connected with the first clamping block 262 through bolts, and a second clamping portion 263a matched with the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 700 is formed in the second clamping block 263; the slide rail 230 is arranged in a cylindrical shape, and the first body 261 is provided with a groove 261a matched with the slide rail 230;
the second slider 340 includes: a second body 341 disposed on the sliding groove 310 and slidable along the sliding groove 310; a third clamping block 342 fixed to the second body 341, wherein the third clamping block 342 is provided with a third clamping portion 342a adapted to an outer wall of the heat exchange tube 700; a fourth clamping portion 343a which is bolted to the third clamping portion 342a, and a fourth clamping portion 343a adapted to the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 700 is formed on the fourth clamping block 343; the cross section of the sliding groove 310 is rectangular, and the second body 341 is provided with a protrusion 341a attached to the inner wall of the sliding groove 310.
The advantage of setting up first clamping part 262a and second clamping part 263a and the two is through bolted connection lies in, it is more convenient to operate when the installation is fixed or demolish heat exchange tube 700, only need the screw rod of rotating bolted connection department can, simultaneously, the screwing up dynamics of heat exchange tube 700 still can be adjusted to the rotating screw rod, the pretightning force that can take the initiative alleviate or avoid because the production when screwing up, and then reduce or eliminate the harmful effects of this pretightning force in to the test procedure of heat exchange tube 700.
Like the first slider 260, in the second slider 340, the third clamping portion 342a and the fourth clamping portion 343a are advantageous in that: the operation is more convenient when fixing or demolishing heat exchange tube 700 in the installation, only need the screw rod of rotating bolted connection department can, simultaneously, the screwing up dynamics of heat exchange tube 700 still can be adjusted to the rotating screw rod, and the pretightning force that produces when can initiatively alleviate or avoid owing to screwing up, and then reduces or eliminates the harmful effects of this pretightning force in to the test process of heat exchange tube 700.
The first limit sliding block 240 and the second limit sliding block 250 are both provided with a first locking bolt 270, and the sliding between the first limit sliding block 240/the second limit sliding block 250 and the sliding rail 230 can be locked or unlocked by rotating the first locking bolt 270;
the third limiting sliding block 320 and the fourth limiting sliding block 330 are both provided with a second locking bolt 350, and the sliding between the third limiting sliding block 320/the fourth limiting sliding block 330 and the sliding groove 310 can be locked or unlocked by rotating the second locking bolt 350.
Specifically, the sliding unlocking or locking of each limit slider is realized by rotating the locking bolt, so that the distance between the first limit slider 240 and the second limit slider 250 and the distance between the third limit slider 320 and the fourth limit slider 330 are adjusted, and further, the amplitude at the two ends of the heat exchange tube 700 is adjusted.
Further, the first locking bolt 270 and the second locking bolt 350 are respectively arranged, so that the amplitudes of the two ends of the heat exchange tube 700 can be independently adjusted, and further, various parameters of the two ends of the heat exchange tube 700 under the condition of different amplitudes are tested.
Referring to fig. 10-12, the preload force loading unit 500 includes:
a fixing plate 510 and an adjusting plate 520, wherein the distance between the fixing plate 510 and the adjusting plate 520 is adjustable; a pressure sensor 530 fixed to a side of the adjustment plate 520 away from the fixing plate 510;
a sample plate 540 fixed to an end of the pressure sensor 530 remote from the adjustment plate 520;
a rough adjusting assembly 550 including a rough adjusting bolt 551 screw-coupled to the fixing plate 510 and/or the adjusting plate 520, the distance between the fixing plate 510 and the adjusting plate 520 being adjustable by turning the rough adjusting bolt 551;
the fine adjustment assembly 560 includes a fine adjustment bolt 561 threadedly coupled to the fixing plate 510, wherein one end of the fine adjustment bolt 561 penetrates through the fixing plate 510 and abuts against or separates from the adjustment plate 520.
In this embodiment, the fixing plate 510 is fixed on the housing of the testing apparatus, and the sample plate 540 is tightly attached to the sidewall of the heat exchange tube 700, and then the coarse adjustment assembly 550 and the fine adjustment assembly 560 are adjusted to increase the distance between the fixing plate 510 and the adjustment plate 520, so as to generate a pressure between the sample plate 540 and the heat exchange tube 700.
Specifically, in the rough adjusting assembly 550, the distance between the adjusting plate 520 and the fixing plate 510 is roughly adjusted, that is, the pressure applied by the heat exchanging pipe 700 is roughly adjusted, and then the fine adjusting assembly 560 is adjusted to finely adjust the distance between the adjusting plate 520 and the fixing plate, that is, the pressure applied by the heat exchanging pipe 700 is finely adjusted, so that the pressing precision is improved, the test can cover the required pressure range, and the test value is increased.
During fine adjustment, the fine adjustment bolt 561 abuts against the adjustment plate 520 to make the adjustment plate 520 have fine deformation, so as to achieve fine adjustment of the force. It should be noted that, in this test, no very large force is required (the force between the sample plate 540 and the heat exchange tube 700 is between 800N and 1500N), so that even a very small deformation of the adjustment plate 520 can satisfy the range of fine adjustment of the magnitude of the applied force, and the adjustment plate 520 is not damaged greatly.
It can be understood that the smaller the pitch in the fine adjustment bolt 561, the higher the fine adjustment accuracy; the larger the pitch in the fine adjustment bolt 561, the lower the fine adjustment accuracy thereof. The tester can replace the fine tuning bolts 561 with different pitches and the fixing plate 510 adapted to the same according to different requirements.
The pressure sensor 530 is provided for detecting the amount of pressure applied to the heat exchange pipe 700 by the sample plate 540 in real time. The amount of pressure applied may be adjusted to a predetermined value based on the real-time pressure data communicated by the pressure sensor 530 prior to testing to reduce errors. It should be noted that, in the testing process, a very small change in the distance between the adjusting plate 520 and the fixing plate 510 may cause a large change in the force applied to the heat exchange tube 700, and it is difficult to adjust the applied force to a preset value by feel without the detection of the pressure sensor 530; the adjustment of the force application magnitude according to the display of the force application magnitude of the pressure sensor 530 is more controllable and more accurate. Therefore, the accuracy of the magnitude of the applied force can be largely controlled by providing the pressure sensor 530.
The coarse tuning assembly 550 includes two coarse tuning bolts 551; two first coarse adjustment screw holes are formed in the fixing plate 510, two second coarse adjustment screw holes are formed in the adjusting plate 520, and the coarse adjustment bolt 551 is simultaneously inserted into the first coarse adjustment screw holes and the second coarse adjustment screw holes.
The structure of coarse adjustment bolt 551 may be as follows: the first is that the coarse adjustment bolt 551 includes a screw and a nut in threaded connection with the screw, the screw is not in threaded connection with the adjustment plate 520 and the fixed plate 510, and the distance between the fixed plate 510 and the adjustment plate 520 is adjusted by arranging the nut at the two ends of the screw; the second type is a coarse adjustment bolt 551, which includes a bolt having a screw head fixed to one end or both ends thereof, and the bolt is directly threadedly coupled to the adjustment plate 520 and/or the fixing plate 510, and the screw head is rotated to rotate the bolt and the adjustment plate 520 and/or the fixing plate 510, thereby adjusting the distance between the adjustment plate 520 and the fixing plate 510.
It should be noted that when coarse adjustment bolt 551 is threaded onto both adjustment plate 520 and fixing plate 510, the first coarse adjustment screw hole and the second coarse adjustment screw hole should be threaded in opposite directions or have different thread pitches, and coarse adjustment bolt 551 can be rotated to adjust the distance between fixing plate 510 and adjustment plate 520.
A pre-tightening spring 563 is arranged between the adjusting plate 520 and the fixing plate 510, one end of the pre-tightening spring 563 abuts against the fixing plate 510, and the other end of the pre-tightening spring 563 abuts against the adjusting plate 520.
In the previous testing process, due to the fact that relatively severe friction exists between the heat exchange tube 700 and the sample plate 540, the adjusting plate 520 and the fixing plate 510 are driven to generate large vibration, fasteners with fastening functions, such as the fine adjusting bolt 561 and the coarse adjusting bolt 551, are loosened and even fall off, the force applied to the heat exchange tube is reduced suddenly, the friction force between the heat exchange tube 700 and the sample plate 540 is reduced, and the testing is stopped. In this embodiment, a pre-tightening spring 563 is disposed between the adjusting plate 520 and the fixing plate 510, before the test, the rough adjusting bolt 551 is tightened to make the pre-tightening spring 563 in a compressed state, the pre-tightening spring 563 is continuously released during the adjustment process, and the pre-tightening spring 563 is still ensured to be in a compressed state after the adjustment is completed. Even if the coarse adjustment bolt 551 and/or fine adjustment bolt 561 are loosened and cannot provide the pre-tightening force, the pre-tightening spring 563 can provide the elastic force to ensure that the pre-tightening force does not suddenly drop to zero, thereby providing a backup means for the failure of the fastener.
A sleeve 562 is fixed at one end of the fine tuning bolt 561 close to the adjusting plate 520, and one end of the sleeve 562 far away from the fine tuning bolt 561 is separated from or abutted against the adjusting plate 520.
The advantage of providing sleeve 562 is that the contact area between fine tuning assembly 560 and adjusting plate 520 can be increased, and when fine tuning bolt 561 is rotated at the same angle, the larger the contact area, the smaller the force applied per unit area; that is, the larger the adjustment range of the fine adjustment bolt 561 that the adjustment plate 520 can bear, thereby increasing the adjustable range of the fine adjustment assembly 560. Meanwhile, the contact area is increased, and the adjusting plate 520 can be effectively protected from being damaged.
Referring to fig. 1, the method further includes: and the fixed frame 800 is used for installing the fixing mechanism and the pretightening force loading mechanism.
The fixed frame 800 includes a plurality of mounting beams 810 and a support beam 820 fixed perpendicular to the mounting beams 810;
the fixed beam is provided with a plurality of slotted holes 811 along the length direction, and the fixed mechanism and the pretightening force loading mechanism are fixed on any slotted hole 811.
The fixing mechanism and the pretightening force loading mechanism can be respectively fixed in any slotted hole 811, so that the positions of the fixing mechanism and the pretightening force loading mechanism can be adjusted, and the device can adapt to heat exchange tubes 700 with different specifications.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments, or alternatives may be employed, by those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A testing device for a heat exchange tube is characterized by comprising:
a securing mechanism, comprising: a fixed mount; the clamping device comprises a first fixed seat and a second fixed seat, wherein the first fixed seat and the second fixed seat are respectively fixed with a first clamping assembly; the sliding seat is arranged on the fixed frame, and the relative position between the sliding seat and the fixed frame can be adjusted; two ends of the sliding seat are respectively provided with a second clamping assembly, and the relative positions of the two second clamping assemblies and the sliding seat can be adjusted; the balance assembly is used for connecting the two heat exchange tubes; the balance assembly includes: the balance rod is provided with a first connecting part, a second connecting part and a third connecting part, the second connecting part is positioned between the first connecting part and the third connecting part, the first connecting part is connected with one heat exchange tube, the third connecting part is connected with the other heat exchange tube, and the second connecting part is used for connecting a power assembly;
the first centre gripping subassembly is used for the one end of centre gripping heat exchange tube, first centre gripping subassembly includes: a slide rail; the first limiting sliding block and the second limiting sliding block are both arranged on the sliding rail, and the distance between the first limiting sliding block and the second limiting sliding block is adjustable; the first sliding block is used for fixing one end of a heat exchange tube, is arranged on the sliding rail and can slide along the sliding rail between the first limiting sliding block and the second limiting sliding block, and a revolute pair is formed between the first sliding block and the sliding rail;
the second centre gripping subassembly is used for the other end of centre gripping heat exchange tube, the second centre gripping subassembly includes: a chute; the third limiting sliding block and the fourth limiting sliding block are both arranged in the sliding groove, and the distance between the third limiting sliding block and the fourth limiting sliding block is adjustable; the second sliding block is used for fixing the other end of the heat exchange tube, is arranged on the sliding groove and can slide between the third limiting sliding block and the fourth limiting sliding block along the sliding groove;
the pre-tightening force loading mechanism comprises two pre-tightening force loading units, each pre-tightening force loading unit acts on one heat exchange tube, and the two pre-tightening force loading units are arranged on the opposite sides of the balance assembly respectively.
2. The apparatus for testing a heat exchange tube according to claim 1, wherein the first sliding block comprises: the first body is arranged on the sliding rail, can slide along the sliding rail and rotates by taking the sliding rail as an axis; the first clamping block is fixed on the first body and provided with a first clamping part matched with the outer wall of the heat exchange tube; the second clamping block is connected with the first clamping block through a bolt, and a second clamping part matched with the outer wall of the heat exchange tube is formed in the second clamping block; the sliding rail is arranged in a cylindrical shape, and the first body is provided with a groove matched with the sliding rail;
the second slider includes: the second body is arranged on the sliding groove and can slide along the sliding groove; the third clamping block is fixed on the second body and provided with a third clamping part matched with the outer wall of the heat exchange tube; the fourth clamping block is connected with the third clamping block through a bolt, and a fourth clamping part matched with the outer wall of the heat exchange tube is formed in the fourth clamping block; the cross-section of spout is the rectangle setting, the second body seted up with the lug of the inner wall laminating of spout.
3. The device for testing the heat exchange tube according to claim 1, wherein the first limit slider and the second limit slider are both provided with a first locking bolt, and the sliding between the first limit slider/the second limit slider and the sliding rail can be locked or unlocked by rotating the first locking bolt;
and the third limiting slide block and the fourth limiting slide block are both provided with second locking bolts, and the second locking bolts are rotated to lock or unlock the third limiting slide block/the fourth limiting slide block and the sliding grooves.
4. The heat exchange tube testing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preload loading unit comprises:
the distance between the fixed plate and the adjusting plate is adjustable; the pressure sensor is fixed on one side of the adjusting plate, which is far away from the fixing plate;
a sample plate fixed to one end of the pressure sensor away from the adjusting plate;
the coarse adjustment assembly comprises a coarse adjustment bolt which is in threaded connection with the fixing plate and/or the adjusting plate, and the distance between the fixing plate and the adjusting plate can be adjusted by turning the coarse adjustment bolt;
and the fine adjustment assembly comprises a fine adjustment bolt in threaded connection with the fixing plate, and one end of the fine adjustment bolt penetrates through the fixing plate and abuts against or is separated from the adjusting plate.
5. The heat exchange tube testing device as recited in claim 4, wherein the coarse adjustment assembly comprises two coarse adjustment bolts; two first coarse adjustment screw holes are formed in the fixing plate, two second coarse adjustment screw holes are formed in the adjusting plate, and the coarse adjustment bolts penetrate through the first coarse adjustment screw holes and the second coarse adjustment screw holes simultaneously.
6. The device for testing the heat exchange tube according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a pre-tightening spring is arranged between the adjusting plate and the fixing plate, one end of the pre-tightening spring abuts against the fixing plate, and the other end of the pre-tightening spring abuts against the adjusting plate.
7. The heat exchange tube testing device as claimed in claim 6, wherein a sleeve is fixed at one end of the fine tuning bolt close to the adjusting plate, and one end of the sleeve far away from the fine tuning bolt is separated from or abutted against the adjusting plate.
8. The apparatus for testing a heat exchange pipe of claim 1, further comprising: and the fixed framework is used for installing the fixed mechanism and the pretightening force loading mechanism.
9. The heat exchange tube testing device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the fixing frame comprises a plurality of mounting beams and supporting beams fixed perpendicularly to the mounting beams;
the mounting beam is provided with a plurality of slotted holes along the length direction, and the fixing mechanism and the pre-tightening force loading mechanism are fixed on any slotted hole.
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| CN202011447686.0A CN112683711B (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Testing device for heat exchange tube |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011447686.0A CN112683711B (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Testing device for heat exchange tube |
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| CN112683711B true CN112683711B (en) | 2022-05-31 |
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