CN112682120B - Double-machine parallel test method for closed Brayton cycle power generation system - Google Patents
Double-machine parallel test method for closed Brayton cycle power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112682120B CN112682120B CN202011560982.1A CN202011560982A CN112682120B CN 112682120 B CN112682120 B CN 112682120B CN 202011560982 A CN202011560982 A CN 202011560982A CN 112682120 B CN112682120 B CN 112682120B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a double-machine parallel test method for a closed Brayton cycle power generation system, and belongs to the technical field of ground equipment power generation tests. The test steps are as follows: firstly, providing cooling water for a cooler; then, vacuumizing the pipeline of the whole test bed; then, filling a gas working medium with set pressure into a pipeline of the test bed through a heater; supplying power to high-speed motors of the two principle sample machines, wherein the initial rotating speeds of the two principle sample machines are the same, and after the two principle sample machines keep the initial rotating speeds to operate for a set time, the rotating speeds of the two principle sample machines are both increased to a set value A; then adjusting the power of the heater to make the inlet temperature of the turbines of the two principle sample machines reach the set test target value; synchronously adjusting the rotating speeds of the two principle prototypes, so that the rotating speeds of the two principle prototypes are increased and decreased step by step according to a set increasing rate, and keeping the current rotating speed for a set time after each adjustment; and finally, resetting the test target values of the turbine inlet temperatures of the two principle sample machines, and repeating the steps.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a double-machine parallel ground simulation test method, in particular to a high-temperature closed circulation double-machine parallel power generation simulation test method, and belongs to the technical field of ground equipment power generation tests.
Background
The Brayton cycle power generation technology is a special turbine power generation technology with working media repeatedly participating in cycle power generation, only exchanges energy with the outside, does not exchange substances, and has wide application prospect in special environments such as deep space, deep sea and the like.
The closed cycle test universal platform with the double-machine test capability is constructed, so that important guarantee can be provided for research of Brayton cycle power generation multi-machine combination and double-machine matching technology, a foundation is laid for future multistage parallel technology, and development and declaration of the problem of power generation equipment with higher power are laid.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a double-machine parallel test method for a closed brayton cycle power generation system, which can realize the double-machine joint regulation of brayton cycle power generation and provide an important guarantee for research on the double-machine joint and double-machine matching technology of brayton cycle power generation.
The test bed adopted by the double-machine parallel test method comprises two principle prototypes, two regenerators, a heater and a cooler; wherein two principle prototypes are arranged in parallel, and each principle prototype is correspondingly provided with a heat regenerator; the heater provides gas working media with the same pressure and temperature for the two principle prototypes respectively, and the cooler is used for reducing the temperature of the gas working media discharged by the two principle prototypes to a set value;
the test method of the double-machine parallel connection test of the closed Brayton cycle power generation system comprises the following test steps:
the method comprises the following steps: starting a cooling water unit to provide cooling water for a cooler;
step two: vacuumizing the pipeline of the whole test bed to a set value through a vacuum pump, and then closing the vacuum pump;
step three: starting an inflation unit, and filling a gas working medium with set pressure into a pipeline of the test bed through a heater;
step four: supplying power to high-speed motors of the two principle prototypes, wherein the initial rotating speeds of the two principle prototypes are the same, and after the two principle prototypes keep the initial rotating speeds to operate for a set time, the rotating speeds of the two principle prototypes are both increased to a set value A;
step five: adjusting the power of the heater to make the inlet temperature of the turbines of the two principle sample machines reach the set test target value;
step six: synchronously adjusting the rotating speeds of the two principle prototypes to ensure that the rotating speeds of the two principle prototypes are increased in a step mode according to a set increasing rate, and keeping the current rotating speed for running for a set time after each adjustment until the rotating speeds reach the limit rotating speed of the principle prototypes;
step seven: synchronously adjusting the rotating speeds of the two principle sample machines to ensure that the rotating speeds of the two principle sample machines are reduced in a step mode according to a set reduction rate, and keeping the current rotating speed for running for a set time after each adjustment until the rotating speed of the principle sample machines is reduced to a set value A;
step eight: resetting the test target value of the turbine inlet temperature of the two principle sample machines, and then repeating the fifth step to the seventh step;
the test target value is reset at least twice, and the test target value reset every time is higher than the test target value set at the previous time.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: when the device is used for a single machine test, the communicating pipelines between the exhaust port of the heater and the inlet of the turbine of the principle model machine B, between the air inlet of the heater and the outlet of the cold end of the heat regenerator B, between the gas working medium inlet of the cooler and the outlet of the hot end of the heat regenerator B and between the exhaust port of the cooler and the inlet of the compressor of the principle model machine B are disconnected, and then the disconnected pipelines at the corresponding positions are blocked.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: in the fifth step, the heater adopts a graded starting mode, and the power of the heater is regulated in a graded mode until the inlet temperature of the turbine of the two principle sample machines reaches the set test target value.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the air charging unit is connected with an air charging pressure regulating valve on the heater, and after the test bed is vacuumized, the pre-charging working medium of the test bed to the set initial pressure is ensured through the air charging pressure regulating valve.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: in the fourth step, the set value A is 50000rpm;
in the sixth step, when the rotating speeds of the two principle sample machines are synchronously adjusted, 5000rpm or 10000rpm is increased every time, and the rotating speed is kept for 3min after each adjustment until the rotating speed reaches the limit rotating speed of the engine;
and seventhly, synchronously adjusting the rotating speed of the two principle sample machines, reducing the rotating speed by 10000rpm each time, and keeping the rotating speed for 3min after each adjustment until the rotating speed of the engine reaches 50000rpm.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the flow rates of the gas working media entering the two principle prototypes are respectively measured through the two flow meters.
Has the beneficial effects that:
(1) In actual work, the test method is adopted to successfully finish the nitrogen power generation test, the maximum power generation power of a single principle prototype reaches 25kW, and the maximum power generation power of two principle prototypes exceeds 50kW under the nitrogen working medium. The method can be used for laying a cushion for the later multistage parallel technology, lays a foundation for the research and the application of the topic of power generation equipment with higher power, and means that the special turbine power generation technology is expected to provide electric energy with high power and long time for a space vehicle, and provides a bright prospect for the expansion of an engine to deep space and deep sea.
(2) The electromagnetic induction graphite heat accumulating type heater is adopted to provide the same pressure and temperature test conditions for two principle sample machines, can provide the bearing limit temperature for the principle sample machines, and can continuously work for a long time.
(3) The temperature of the working medium with temperature discharged by the two principle sample machines is reduced to normal temperature through the cooler, so that the circulation of the working medium is ensured to be smoothly carried out.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a double parallel test bed of a closed Brayton cycle power generation system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the temperature and the rotation speed of a principle prototype A and the generated power;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the temperature and the rotation speed of the principle model machine B and the generated power.
Wherein: 1-electromagnetic valve A, 2-electromagnetic valve B, 3-inflation pressure regulating valve, 4-vacuum pump, 5-heater, 6-heater exhaust port, 7-hose A, 8-regenerator A cold end outlet, 9-detachable flange A, 10-hose B, 11-regenerator A hot end outlet, 12-regenerator A, 13-regenerator A cold end inlet, 14-regenerator A hot end inlet, 15-principle model machine A turbine outlet, 16-cooler gas working medium inlet, 17-cooler cooling water outlet, 18-cooler cooling water inlet, 19-cooler, 20-cooler gas working medium outlet, 21-hose C, 22-principle model machine A turbine inlet, 23-flowmeter A, 24-principle model machine A compressor outlet 25-principle prototype A, 26-principle prototype A air compressor inlet, 27-hose C, 28-detachable flange B, 29-principle prototype B turbine inlet, 30-detachable flange C, 31-flowmeter B, 32-hose D, 33-principle prototype B air compressor inlet, 34-principle prototype B, 35-principle prototype B air compressor outlet, 36-hose E, 37-principle prototype B turbine outlet, 38-heat regenerator B hot end inlet, 39-heat regenerator B cold end inlet, 40-heat regenerator B, 41-heat regenerator B hot end outlet, 42-heat regenerator B cold end outlet, 43-hose F, 44-hose G, 45-heater air inlet, 46-high temperature ball valve, 47-detachable flange D, 47-heat regenerator B hot end outlet, 42-heat regenerator B cold end outlet, 43-hose F, 44-hose G, 45-heater air inlet, 46-high temperature ball valve, 47-detachable flange D, and, 48-secondary safety valve, 49-secondary pressure reducing valve, 50-electric valve, 51-air release electromagnetic valve, 52-primary safety valve, 53-primary pressure reducing valve, 54-electric stop valve, 55-filter and 56-manual stop valve.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The embodiment provides a double-machine parallel test method for a closed Brayton cycle power generation system.
As shown in fig. 1, the simulation test bench used in the test method includes: two principle prototypes (a prototype A25 and a prototype B34 respectively), two heat regenerators (a heat regenerator A12 and a heat regenerator B40 respectively), a heater 5 and a cooler 19; the peripheral device includes: an inflation unit and a cooling water unit; the heater, the two principle prototypes, the two heat regenerators and the cooler form a closed test loop, wherein the two principle prototypes are arranged in parallel, and each principle prototype is correspondingly provided with one heat regenerator; the heater provides the same pressure and temperature test conditions for the two principle sample machines, and the cooler reduces the temperature of the working medium with the temperature discharged by the two principle sample machines to the normal temperature.
The two principle prototypes have the same structure, and both comprise a turbine, a gas compressor, a high-speed motor and a controller inside; wherein the turbine, the compressor and the high-speed motor are encapsulated in the same shell; each principle model machine is provided with four air flow interfaces which are respectively an air compressor inlet, an air compressor outlet, a turbine inlet and a turbine outlet;
the two heat regenerators have the same structure, and each heat regenerator is provided with four airflow interfaces which are respectively as follows: the system comprises a heat regenerator cold end inlet, a heat regenerator cold end outlet, a heat regenerator hot end inlet and a heat regenerator hot end outlet.
The cooling water in the cooler 19 is supplied from a cooling water unit, and the cooler 19 is used to cool the gas introduced into the interior thereof. In this embodiment, the cooler 19 is a single-stage shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the cooling water passes through the tube side, and the gas passes through the shell side, so as to ensure indirect heat exchange between the cooling water and the gas and change the high-temperature gas into normal temperature. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the cooler 19 is provided with a cooler cooling water inlet 18, a cooler cooling water outlet 17, a cooler gas working medium inlet 16 and a cooler gas working medium outlet 20. The cooler cooling water inlet 18 is communicated with a water inlet pipeline of an external cooling water unit through a pipeline, and cooling water provided by the external cooling water unit enters the cooler 19 from the cooler cooling water inlet 18 at the lower side; the cooling water flows out from the cooling water outlet 17 of the upper cooler after heat exchange is completed in the cooler 19, and the cooling water outlet 17 of the cooler is communicated with a water return pipeline of the cooling water unit through a pipeline.
The heater 5 serves to heat the gas entering its internal gas passage through the heater gas inlet 45. In the embodiment, the heater 5 adopts an electromagnetic induction graphite heat storage type heater; the heater 5 is provided at the bottom with a heater inlet 45 communicating with its internal airflow passage and at the top with a heater outlet 6 communicating with its internal airflow passage.
The heater exhaust port 6 is respectively communicated with a turbine inlet 22 of a principle model machine A and a turbine inlet 29 of a principle model machine B through branch pipelines; a heater air inlet 45 is communicated with a cold end outlet 8 of the heat regenerator A and a cold end outlet 42 of the heat regenerator B through a branch pipeline; a cooler gas working medium inlet 16 is communicated with a heat end outlet 10 of the heat regenerator A and a heat end outlet 41 of the heat regenerator B through branch pipelines; the cooler gas working medium outlet 20 is communicated with a principle prototype A gas compressor inlet 26 and a principle prototype B gas compressor inlet 33 through branch pipelines; the turbine outlet 15 of the principle prototype A is communicated with the hot end inlet 14 of the heat regenerator A through a pipeline, and the compressor outlet 24 of the principle prototype A is communicated with the cold end inlet of the heat regenerator A through a pipeline; the turbine outlet 37 of the principle model machine B is communicated with the hot end inlet 38 of the heat regenerator B through a pipeline, and the compressor outlet 35 of the principle model machine B is communicated with the cold end inlet 39 of the heat regenerator B through a pipeline; thereby forming a closed gas circuit.
The vacuum pump 4 is communicated with an air flow channel inside the heater 5 through a vacuum pipeline, a switch valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the vacuum pump 4 and the heater 5 to ensure the separation and the communication between the vacuum pump 4 and the heater 5, and the vacuum pump 4 is used for vacuumizing a closed test loop.
The air charging unit is connected with an air charging pressure regulating valve 3 arranged on the heater 5 through a pipeline and is used for providing gas working media for the test bed and driving air for the high-temperature ball valve 46.
The working principle of the test bed is as follows:
the heater, the principle prototype, the heat regenerator and the cooler form a closed test loop. The inlet of a compressor of a principle prototype needs a working medium at normal temperature and normal pressure, and the inlet of a turbine of the principle prototype needs a working medium at high temperature and high pressure. Therefore, a heater is connected between the inlet of the turbine and the outlet of the compressor in series to heat the high-pressure working medium from the compressor, the heated high-temperature high-pressure working medium impacts the turbine, the work of the turbine is greater than the work consumed by the compressor and the high-speed motor, and the power generation of the principle prototype is realized.
A cooler is connected in series between the outlet of the turbine and the inlet of the compressor, and the normal-pressure high-temperature working medium with waste heat from the outlet of the turbine is cooled to a normal-temperature normal-pressure working medium; thereby ensuring that the working medium circularly works in the closed flow passage.
In order to reduce the energy waste, a heat regenerator is connected in series on the flow channel, the waste heat of the working medium at the outlet of the turbine is absorbed, and the working medium coming out of the compressor can be preheated and then flows into the heater, so that the electric energy of the heater is saved.
Two sets of identical principle prototypes and heat regenerators are connected in parallel between the heater and the cooler for testing, so that the purpose of realizing the combined adjustment of the two Brayton cycle power generation machines is achieved, the two-machine matching rule is clear, and a foundation is laid for the later multi-machine parallel technology.
As shown in fig. 2, specifically:
the heater 5 is cylindrical, a heater air inlet 45 is arranged at the bottom of the heater, a heater exhaust port 6 is arranged at the top of the heater, the vacuum pump 4 is connected with the heater 5 through a vacuum pipeline provided with a switch valve so as to be communicated with an air flow channel inside the heater 5, and the whole pipeline of the test bed is completely vacuumized and shut down and isolated through the vacuum pump 4 before a test is started; and the air inflation pressure regulating valve 3 on the heater 5 is used for pre-charging working media to the specified initial pressure for the test bed after the test bed is vacuumized.
The heater exhaust port 6 is coaxially arranged with the heater 5 and is positioned at the upper end of the heater 5; one end of the heater exhaust pipeline is connected with the heater exhaust port 6, the other end of the heater exhaust pipeline extends upwards to form two branches, one branch is communicated with a turbine inlet 22 of a principle model machine A, and the other branch is communicated with a turbine inlet 29 of a principle model machine B; and a detachable flange B28 is arranged on a branch communicated with a turbine inlet 29 of the principle model machine B.
A high-temperature cut-off valve 46 is arranged on a heater air inlet pipeline connected with the heater air inlet 45, and the high-temperature cut-off valve 46 is a high-temperature straight-through type pneumatic cut-off valve so as to prevent the flow of gas from being rapidly stopped when a test piece fails to be automatically stopped. One end of a heater air inlet pipeline is communicated with a heater air inlet 45, the other end of the heater air inlet pipeline is divided into two branches, one branch is communicated with a cold end outlet 8 of the heat regenerator A through a pipeline provided with a hose A7, and the other branch is communicated with a cold end outlet 42 of the heat regenerator B through a pipeline provided with a hose G44 and a detachable flange D47.
One end of a cooler gas working medium inlet pipeline is communicated with a cooler gas working medium inlet 16, the other end of the cooler gas working medium inlet pipeline is divided into two branches, one branch is communicated with a heat end outlet 11 of the heat regenerator A through a pipeline provided with a hose B10, and the other branch is communicated with a heat end outlet 41 of the heat regenerator B through a pipeline provided with a detachable flange A9 and a hose F43.
One end of the cooler gas working medium outlet pipeline is connected with the cooler exhaust port 20, and a flowmeter A23 is arranged on the pipeline connected with the cooler exhaust port 20; the other end is divided into two branches, one branch is communicated with a compressor inlet 26 of a principle prototype A through a pipeline provided with a hose C27, and the other branch is communicated with a compressor inlet 33 of a principle prototype B through a pipeline sequentially provided with a detachable flange C30, a flowmeter B31 and a hose D32.
An outlet 24 of a compressor of a principle model machine A is directly communicated with an inlet 13 at the cold end of a heat regenerator A through a pipeline provided with a hose C21; the turbine outlet 15 of the principle prototype A is directly communicated with the hot end inlet 14 of the regenerator A by a pipeline. An outlet 35 of a compressor of a principle model machine B is directly communicated with an inlet 39 at the cold end of a heat regenerator B by a pipeline provided with a hose E36; the turbine outlet 37 of the principle model machine B is directly communicated with the hot end inlet 38 of the heat regenerator B by a pipeline; thereby forming a closed gas loop.
The hoses in the pipelines are used for absorbing the thermal expansion of the pipelines and simultaneously buffering the vibration of the test piece during operation; the flowmeter A23 and the flowmeter B31 are used for measuring the flow entering the corresponding principle model machine; each detachable flange is used for realizing the switching between a single machine test and a double machine parallel test, each detachable flange is detached during the single machine test, and then the blind plate plugs the pipeline at the position of the detachable flange.
The test method of the double-machine parallel test bed comprises the following steps:
1) The cooling water unit is turned on to supply cooling water to the cooler 19.
2) And starting the vacuum pump 4, vacuumizing the pipeline of the whole test bed to 200Pa, and then closing the vacuum pump 4.
3) And starting the air charging unit, filling nitrogen as a test working medium into the pipeline of the test bed through the air charging pressure regulating valve 3, stopping charging after the initial pressure in the pipeline reaches 0.12MPa, and closing the air charging pressure regulating valve 3.
4) And (3) supplying power to high-speed motors of two principle prototypes, setting the rotation speed of the principle prototypes to 20000rpm, and pulling up the rotation speed to 50000rpm after keeping low-speed operation for 1 min.
5) And (3) supplying power to the heater 5, starting the heater 5 in stages, dynamically adjusting the power of the heater 5, observing whether the turbine inlet temperature of the two principle sample machines reaches a set first test target value (500 ℃), and if not, increasing the power of the heater 5 until the turbine inlet temperature of the two principle sample machines reaches the set first test target value (500 ℃).
6) After the inlet temperature of the turbines of the two principle sample machines reaches a set first test target value (500 ℃), starting formal tests, synchronously adjusting the rotating speed of the two principle sample machines, so that the rotating speed of the principle sample machines is increased in a stepped mode, the rotating speed is increased by 5000rpm or 10000rpm each time, and the rotating speed is kept for 3min after each adjustment until the rotating speed reaches the limit rotating speed of an engine;
and then, synchronously adjusting the rotating speed of the two principle sample machines in a stepped reduction mode, reducing the rotating speed by 10000rpm each time, and keeping the rotating speed for 3min after each adjustment till the rotating speed of the engine reaches 50000rpm.
7) And (4) repeating the step (5) and the step (6) according to the new target values (600 ℃, 700 ℃ and 800 ℃) in sequence to finish the test.
8) And powering off the heater 5, adjusting the rotating speed of the two principle sample machines to 70000rpm, observing the turbine inlet of the two principle sample machines, and adjusting the rotating speed to 50000rpm along with the reduction of the temperature until the temperature of the turbine inlet reaches 100 ℃.
9) The two principle prototypes are powered off and stop working.
10 The cooling water unit was turned off and the test was ended.
At the initial stage of the test, the whole test bed is in a normal temperature state, and the high-speed motor of the principle prototype drives the compressor to rotate, so that the gas in the pipeline of the whole test bed is driven to flow. Gas firstly enters the gas compressor through a gas compressor inlet of the principle prototype to be compressed, the pressure and the temperature of the gas are both increased, then the high-pressure gas enters the cold end of the heat regenerator through a cold end inlet of the heat regenerator to absorb partial heat, and then the high-pressure gas is converged from a cold end outlet of the heat regenerator and then enters the heater 5 through a heater gas inlet 45 to be heated; then the gas enters the turbine through the exhaust port 6 of the heater through the inlet of the turbine of the principle prototype through a branch to push the turbine to do work, the gas flow expands, the pressure becomes low, the temperature is also reduced, then the gas enters the heat regenerator through the pipeline connecting the outlet of the turbine of the principle prototype and the inlet of the hot end of the heat regenerator to release heat, finally the gas working medium flows out from the outlet of the hot end of the heat regenerator, converges into the gas working medium inlet pipeline of the cooler, enters the gas working medium inlet of the cooler to be cooled, then the working medium is changed into normal temperature and normal pressure gas, flows out from the gas working medium outlet 20 of the cooler, then flows into the inlet of the gas compressor through the branch respectively, enters the gas compressor to perform the next cycle, and the gas forms uninterrupted flow of a gas flow loop in the pipeline.
Then the heater 5 starts heating, the temperature of the air flow at the exhaust port 6 of the heater and the inlet of the turbine of the principle model machine rises slowly, and the pressure in the pipeline also increases slowly. The regenerator has gradually temperature, the test piece is driven by the high-speed motor to rotate the compressor all the time, the work generated by the turbine cannot meet the work required by the compressor, the work is consumed all the time, and the power output parameter of the engine is displayed as a negative number. The temperature of the turbine inlet is increased along with the continuous heating of the heater, the negative power value of the engine is reduced continuously, when the turbine inlet reaches a certain critical temperature, the power consumed by the compressor and the high-speed motor is counteracted by the power generated by the turbine, the power output parameter of the engine starts to be displayed as a positive number, the power consumed is converted into the power output, and the power generation of the engine can be realized after the power output parameter is higher than the critical temperature.
In the formal test stage, gas forms an airflow loop in a pipeline to continuously flow to generate electricity, the principle of prototype electricity generation is that the gas enters a gas compressor (compression pressurization), the compressed gas enters a cold end of a heat regenerator to absorb partial heat, then enters a heater to be heated to high temperature, the high-temperature gas enters a turbine to push the turbine to do work (expansion depressurization), then a working medium enters a hot end of the heat regenerator (heat exchange), the residual heat is partially recovered by the hot end of the heat regenerator to become normal-pressure gas with a certain temperature, finally the gas enters a cooler to exchange heat to reduce the temperature to normal temperature (release heat to the environment), and the normal-temperature and normal-pressure gas enters the gas compressor to be circulated again. Because the time from the heater temperature rise to the power generation stage is 2-3 hours, the time from one stage to the next stage is long, and no time sequence is required, the flow of the test bench is a password, and manual operation is performed on the control interface every time the test is performed to the next stage.
Test data show that the maximum power generation power of a single principle prototype reaches 25kW when the inlet temperature of the turbine is 800 ℃ and the maximum rotating speed is high, and the difference of the power generation power of two principle prototypes is small. The maximum power generation power of the two principle models reaches 50kW. The relationship between the temperature and the rotating speed of the two principle models and the generated power is shown in figures 2 and 3.
Example 2:
on the basis of the above embodiment 1, the present embodiment further defines the inflator unit.
The air source in the air charging unit is connected with an air charging pressure regulating valve 3 arranged on a heater 5 through a pipeline which is sequentially provided with a manual stop valve 56, a filter 55, an electric stop valve 54, a primary pressure reducing valve 53, a primary safety valve 52, an electric stop valve 50, a secondary pressure reducing valve 49, a secondary safety valve 48 and an electromagnetic valve B2; two branches are led out between the primary safety valve 52 and the electric stop valve 50, one branch is a discharge port provided with a deflation electromagnetic valve, and the other branch is provided with an electromagnetic valve A1 for providing driving gas for the high-temperature ball valve 46.
Wherein the manual stop valve 56 is located at the foremost end of the gas charging unit pipeline and is used for thoroughly shutting off the gas source when the electric valve of the gas charging unit pipeline is overhauled. The test tube is manually opened before each test, and is finally closed after the test is finished.
The filter 55 is located behind the hand-operated stop valve 56 and is used for filtering air source impurities and ensuring the cleanliness of air flow.
An electric shut-off valve 54 is located behind the filter 55 for complete shut-off and opening of the line; the test device is firstly opened before each test, and is finally closed after the test is finished. Is responsible for the safety of the pipeline.
The primary pressure reducing valve 53 is positioned behind the electric stop valve 54 and is used for adjusting and stabilizing the air inlet pressure of the pipeline; before each test, the pressure behind the valve is manually adjusted to the required pressure, and the pressure behind the valve is kept unchanged in the test process.
The primary safety valve 52 is positioned behind the primary pressure reducing valve 53 and is matched with the primary pressure reducing valve 53 at the front end for use, so that the safety of subsequent pipelines and equipment is guaranteed under the condition that the pressure of the primary pressure reducing valve 53 is overshot or fails.
After the driving air solenoid valve 1 for the high-temperature ball valve is positioned on the first-stage safety valve 52, a pipeline is led out by four ways to install the driving air solenoid valve (namely, the solenoid valve A1) for the high-temperature ball valve, and then the driving air solenoid valve is communicated with a process air interface of the high-temperature ball valve to be used as a switch valve of driving air flow of the high-temperature ball valve.
After the air release solenoid valve 51 is positioned on the primary safety valve 52, a pipeline is led out from the four-way valve to install the air release solenoid valve 51, and then the air is introduced for pressure release of the pipeline after the test. The test device is closed before the test, opened after the test is finished, and closed after the air is discharged.
After the electric stop valve 50 is positioned on the primary safety valve 52, the electric stop valve 50 is arranged to be led out from the rest pipeline of the four-way joint and used for completely shutting off and opening the inflation pipeline of the heater. The test device is firstly opened before each test and is finally closed after the test is finished.
A secondary pressure reducing valve 49 is positioned behind the electric stop valve 50 and used for further regulating and stabilizing the inlet pressure of the pipeline; before each test, the pressure behind the valve is manually adjusted to the required pressure, and the pressure behind the valve is kept unchanged in the test process.
The secondary safety valve 48 is positioned behind the secondary pressure reducing valve 49 and is matched with the secondary pressure reducing valve 49 at the front end for use, so that the safety of subsequent pipelines and equipment is guaranteed under the condition that the pressure of the secondary pressure reducing valve 49 is over-regulated or fails.
The electromagnetic valve 2 is positioned behind the secondary safety valve 48 and is used as an air inlet switch of the inflation pipeline. The test tube is opened when ventilation is needed in the test process, and is closed when ventilation is not needed.
The air charging and pressure regulating valve 3 is arranged on the heater 5 after being positioned on the electromagnetic valve B2, the opening degree of the air charging and pressure regulating valve 3 is adjustable, and the air charging and pressure regulating valve is used for pre-charging working media for a test loop of the test bed and can control the flow entering the heater. The test loop was inflated before the test and closed after full filling.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (4)
1. The double-machine parallel test method of the closed Brayton cycle power generation system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the double-machine parallel test method is used for realizing the double-machine joint debugging of the Brayton cycle power generation;
the test bed adopted by the double-machine parallel test method comprises two principle prototypes, two regenerators, a heater and a cooler; wherein two principle prototypes are arranged in parallel, and each principle prototype is correspondingly provided with a heat regenerator; the heater provides gas working media with the same pressure and temperature for the two principle prototypes respectively, and the cooler is used for reducing the temperature of the gas working media discharged by the two principle prototypes to a set value;
the test steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: starting a cooling water unit to provide cooling water for a cooler;
step two: vacuumizing the pipeline of the whole test bed to a set value through a vacuum pump, and then closing the vacuum pump;
step three: starting an inflation unit, and filling a gas working medium with set pressure into a pipeline of the test bed through a heater;
step four: supplying power to high-speed motors of the two principle sample machines, wherein the initial rotating speeds of the two principle sample machines are the same, and after the two principle sample machines keep the initial rotating speeds to operate for a set time, the rotating speeds of the two principle sample machines are both increased to a set value A;
step five: adjusting the power of the heater to enable the inlet temperature of the turbines of the two principle sample machines to reach a set test target value;
step six: synchronously adjusting the rotating speeds of the two principle prototypes to ensure that the rotating speeds of the two principle prototypes are increased in a step mode according to a set increasing rate, and keeping the current rotating speed for running for a set time after each adjustment until the rotating speeds reach the limit rotating speed of the principle prototypes;
step seven: synchronously adjusting the rotating speeds of the two principle prototypes to ensure that the rotating speeds of the two principle prototypes are reduced in a step mode according to a set reduction rate, and keeping the current rotating speed for running for a set time after each adjustment until the rotating speeds of the principle prototypes are reduced to a set value A;
step eight: resetting the test target value of the turbine inlet temperature of the two principle sample machines, and then repeating the fifth step to the seventh step;
resetting the test target value at least twice, wherein the test target value reset every time is higher than the test target value set at the previous time;
in the fifth step, the heater adopts a step starting mode, and the power of the heater is adjusted in a step mode until the temperature of the turbine inlet of the two principle sample machines reaches a set test target value;
in the fourth step, the set value A is 50000rpm;
in the sixth step, when the rotating speeds of the two principle sample machines are synchronously adjusted, 5000rpm or 10000rpm is increased each time, and the rotating speed is kept for 3min after each adjustment until the rotating speed reaches the limit rotating speed of the engine;
and seventhly, synchronously adjusting the rotating speed of the two principle sample machines, reducing the rotating speed by 10000rpm each time, and keeping the rotating speed for 3min after each adjustment until the rotating speed of the engine reaches 50000rpm.
2. The closed brayton cycle power generation system double-machine parallel test method of claim 1, characterized in that: when the device is used for a single machine test, connecting pipelines between the exhaust port of the heater and the turbine inlet of the principle model machine B, between the air inlet of the heater and the cold end outlet of the heat regenerator B, between the gas working medium inlet of the cooler and the hot end outlet of the heat regenerator B and between the exhaust port of the cooler and the compressor inlet of the principle model machine B are disconnected, and then the disconnected pipelines at the corresponding positions are blocked.
3. The closed brayton cycle power generation system double-machine parallel test method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the air charging unit is connected with an air charging pressure regulating valve on the heater, and the opening degree of the air charging pressure regulating valve is adjustable; after the test bed is vacuumized, the pre-charged working medium of the test bed is ensured to reach the set initial pressure through the air charging pressure regulating valve.
4. The closed brayton cycle power generation system double-machine parallel test method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the flow rates of the gas working media entering the two principle prototypes are respectively measured through the two flow meters.
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| US9562471B1 (en) * | 2013-05-01 | 2017-02-07 | Sandia Corporation | Method for controlling start-up and steady state performance of a closed split flow recompression brayton cycle |
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