CN112680821A - Preparation method of polylactic acid/polybutylene terephthalate adipate melt-blown filter material - Google Patents
Preparation method of polylactic acid/polybutylene terephthalate adipate melt-blown filter material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a polylactic acid/polybutylene terephthalate adipate melt-blown filter material, which is prepared from the following components in parts by mass through a melt-blowing processing technology: 90-100 parts of polylactic acid, 1-10 parts of polybutylene terephthalate adipate and 0-1 part of compatibilizer; wherein the polybutylene terephthalate adipate is a random copolymer, the thermal decomposition temperature is 250 +/-20 ℃, and the melt index is 100-200g/10 min; the weight average molecules of the polylactic acidThe amount is 6-12 ten thousand, the melt index is 200-400g/10min, the melting point is 170 +/-10 ℃, the glass transition temperature is 58 +/-2 ℃, and the melt density is 1.20g/cm at 230 DEG C3(ii) a The compatibilizer is an epoxy functional group chain extender. The melt-blown filter material prepared by the invention is completely biodegradable, has excellent elasticity, flexibility, skin-friendly property and excellent filtering and bacteriostasis effects, and simultaneously reduces the generation of white pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a polylactic acid/polybutylene terephthalate adipate melt-blown filter material, belonging to the technical field of high molecular polymer modification processing.
Background
The melt-blown material is composed of fibers with very thin diameters, and the special structure enables the melt-blown material to have excellent filtering, bacteriostasis, adsorption and other effects. And because the melt-blown material is processed through self-bonding or thermal bonding, no chemical adhesive is added, and the adverse effect on the environment is very small.
The comprehensive outbreak of new coronaviruses in 2019 has sharply increased the demand for medical and industrial masks, filter materials, medical and health materials, and the like. The traditional melt-blown material is made of petroleum-based polypropylene (PP), and the material cannot be naturally degraded in the environment, is randomly discarded by people after being used, generates a great amount of harmful medical waste, cannot be degraded in the environment and causes great pollution to the environment and soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the traditional melt-blown material cannot be naturally degraded after being used.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a polylactic acid/polybutylene terephthalate adipate melt-blown filter material, which is prepared from the following components in parts by mass through a melt-blowing processing technology: 90-100 parts of polylactic acid, 1-10 parts of polybutylene terephthalate adipate and 0-1 part of compatibilizer; wherein the polybutylene terephthalate adipate is a random copolymer, the thermal decomposition temperature is 250 +/-20 ℃, and the melt index is 100-200g/10 min; the weight average molecular weight of the polylactic acid is 6-12 ten thousand, the melt index is 200-400g/10min, the melting point is 170 +/-10 ℃, the glass transition temperature is 58 +/-2 ℃, and the melt density is 1.20g/cm at 230 DEG C3(ii) a The compatibilizer is an epoxy functional group chain extender.
Further, the melt-blown processing technology comprises the following steps: blending the dried polylactic acid, the dried polybutylene terephthalate adipate and the compatibilizer, dispersing, plasticizing, heating, melting and extruding the blend into a melt through a single-screw extruder, metering the melt through a metering pump, feeding the melt into a die head, extruding the melt through a spinneret orifice, blowing and drafting the melt through high-pressure hot air to form superfine fibers, and bonding the superfine fibers on a net curtain to form a non-woven material; the melt-blown processing has the following technological parameters: the blend is sprayed out from a spinneret orifice under the condition of 200-230 ℃, the hot air temperature of a die head is 200-240 ℃, the hot air pressure is controlled to be 0.1-0.4MPa, the distance between the die head and a mesh laying device is 10-50cm, and the ambient temperature is controlled to be 15-20 ℃.
Further, the melt-blown processing technology comprises the following steps: blending the dried polylactic acid, the dried polybutylene terephthalate adipate and the compatibilizer, granulating the blend through a double-screw extruder to obtain a finished granular material, plasticizing and melting the finished granular material through the screw extruder, metering a melt through a metering pump, feeding the melt into a die head, extruding the melt through a spinneret orifice, blowing and drafting the melt through high-pressure hot air flow to form superfine fibers, and bonding the superfine fibers on a screen to form a non-woven material; the granulation step comprises the following process parameters: the processing temperature of the double screw is 160 ℃ and 230 ℃, and the rotating speed is 200 ℃ and 900 n/min.
Further, the drying temperature of the polylactic acid is 70-120 ℃, the drying time is 12-24 hours, and the water content after drying is less than 50 PPM.
One of the raw materials polybutylene terephthalate adipate (PBAT) adopted by the invention is ternary copolyester polymerized by terephthalic acid, adipic acid and 1, 4-butanediol, is a novel biodegradable material, and has flexible aliphatic chain in the structure and biodegradability due to the existence of aliphatic ester bond. The other raw material, polylactic acid (PLA), is a biomass material, has excellent biocompatibility, can be composted and degraded under proper environment and conditions, has no pollution to the environment, and is also considered as a low-carbon raw material. The PLA/PBAT melt-blown filter material prepared from the two raw materials has good flexibility, good elasticity, excellent skin contact property and certain bacteriostatic effect, realizes the normal production of the melt-blown filter material with the biological natural degradation function on the traditional melt-blown equipment, and simultaneously can complete the mixing of two components by only utilizing a single-screw extruder through optimizing the formula and the process, so that the advantages of the two materials can be well complemented.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and any modifications made thereto will fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a PLA/PBAT online composite melt-blown filter material, the plastic alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
| component name | Mass percent |
| Polylactic acid | 98 |
| Polybutylene terephthalate adipate | 2 |
| Basff 4370F | 0 |
Drying PLA and PBAT at 80 ℃ for 24h, wherein the moisture content after drying is less than 100 ppm;
and (3) blending 98 parts of dried PLA and 2 parts of PBAT for 8min, heating, melting and extruding the mixture into a melt by a double-screw extruder, blowing and drafting the melt by high-pressure hot air flow to form superfine fibers when the melt is extruded from a spinneret orifice of a die head, and forming a non-woven material on a net curtain by self-thermal bonding.
The main body of the double-screw extruder is heated in 9 areas, the temperature of the front 4 area is 140-.
According to the material, the filtering efficiency of 0.3 mu m particles is more than or equal to 98.6 percent under the condition of aerosol NaCl, the resistance is 32Pa, and the filtering effect meets the KN99 standard of GB 2626-2009.
Example 2:
| component name | Mass percent |
| Polylactic acid | 98 |
| Polybutylene terephthalate adipate | 2 |
| Basff 4370F | 0.2 |
Drying PLA, PBAT and basf 4370F at 85 deg.C for 20h to obtain a dried product with a water content of less than 100 ppm;
and (2) blending 98 parts of dried PLA, 2 parts of PBAT and 0.2 part of basf 4370F for 12min, heating, melting and extruding the mixture into melt by a single-screw extruder, blowing and drafting the melt by high-pressure hot air flow to form superfine fibers when the melt is extruded from a spinneret orifice of a die head, and forming a non-woven material on a net curtain by self-thermal bonding.
The single screw extruder is divided into 6 zones, wherein the temperature of the zone 1 is 120 ℃, the temperature of the zone 2 is 140 ℃, the temperature of the zone 3 is 190 ℃, the temperature of the zone 4 is 210 ℃, the temperature of the zone 5 is 220 ℃, the temperature of an extrusion die orifice is 230 ℃, and the screw rotating speed is 120 n/min.
According to the material, the filtering efficiency of 0.3 mu m particles is more than or equal to 98.3 percent under the condition of aerosol NaCl, the resistance is 36Pa, and the filtering effect meets the KN99 standard of GB 2626-2009.
Example 3:
| component name | Mass percent |
| Polylactic acid | 95 |
| Polybutylene terephthalate adipate | 5 |
| XY-27 | 0.5 |
Drying PLA, PBAT and basf 4370F at 90 deg.C for 18h to obtain a dried product with a water content of less than 100 ppm;
and (3) mixing 95 parts of dried PLA, 5 parts of PBAT and 0.5 part of basf 4370F for 12min, heating, melting and extruding the mixture into melt by a double-screw extruder, blowing and drafting the melt by high-pressure hot air flow to form superfine fibers when the melt is extruded from a spinneret orifice of a die head, and forming a non-woven material on a net curtain by self-thermal bonding.
The main body of the double-screw extruder is heated in 9 areas, the temperature of the front 4 areas is 140-.
According to the material, the filtering efficiency of 0.3 mu m particles is more than or equal to 98.9 percent under the condition of aerosol NaCl, the resistance is 41Pa, and the filtering effect meets the KN99 standard of GB 2626-2009.
Example 4:
| component name | Mass percent |
| Polylactic acid | 95 |
| Polybutylene terephthalate adipate | 5 |
| XY-27 | 1 |
Drying PLA, PBAT and basf 4370F at 95 deg.C for 15h to obtain a dried product with a water content of less than 100 ppm;
and (2) mixing 95 parts of dried PLA, 5 parts of PBAT and 1 part of basf 4370F for 15min, heating, melting and extruding the mixture into melt by a single-screw extruder, blowing and drafting the melt by high-pressure hot air flow to form superfine fibers when the melt is extruded from a spinneret orifice of a die head, and forming a non-woven material on a net curtain by self-thermal bonding.
The single screw extruder is divided into 6 zones, wherein the temperature of the zone 1 is 120 ℃, the temperature of the zone 2 is 140 ℃, the temperature of the zone 3 is 190 ℃, the temperature of the zone 4 is 210 ℃, the temperature of the zone 5 is 220 ℃, the temperature of an extrusion die orifice is 230 ℃, and the screw rotating speed is 120 n/min.
According to the material, the filtering efficiency of 0.3 mu m particles is more than or equal to 99.1 percent under the condition of aerosol NaCl, the resistance is 29Pa, and the filtering effect meets the KN99 standard of GB 2626-2009.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. The preparation method of the polylactic acid/polybutylene terephthalate adipate melt-blown filter material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass through a melt-blown processing technology: 90-100 parts of polylactic acid, 1-10 parts of polybutylene terephthalate adipate and 0-1 part of compatibilizer; wherein the polybutylene terephthalate adipate is a random copolymer, the thermal decomposition temperature is 250 +/-20 ℃, and the melt index is 100-200g/10 min; the weight average molecular weight of the polylactic acid is 6-12 ten thousand, the melt index is 200-400g/10min, the melting point is 170 +/-10 ℃, the glass transition temperature is 58 +/-2 ℃, and the melt density is 1.20g/cm at 230 DEG C3(ii) a The compatibilizer is an epoxy functional group chain extender.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the melt-blown process comprises the steps of: blending the dried polylactic acid, the dried polybutylene terephthalate adipate and the compatibilizer, dispersing, plasticizing, heating, melting and extruding the blend into a melt through a single-screw extruder, metering the melt through a metering pump, feeding the melt into a die head, extruding the melt through a spinneret orifice, blowing and drafting the melt through high-pressure hot air to form superfine fibers, and bonding the superfine fibers on a net curtain to form a non-woven material; the melt-blown processing has the following technological parameters: the blend is sprayed out from a spinneret orifice under the condition of 200-230 ℃, the hot air temperature of a die head is 200-240 ℃, the hot air pressure is controlled to be 0.1-0.4MPa, the distance between the die head and a mesh laying device is 10-50cm, and the ambient temperature is controlled to be 15-20 ℃.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the melt-blown process comprises the steps of: blending the dried polylactic acid, the dried polybutylene terephthalate adipate and the compatibilizer, granulating the blend through a double-screw extruder to obtain a finished granular material, plasticizing and melting the finished granular material through the screw extruder, metering a melt through a metering pump, feeding the melt into a die head, extruding the melt through a spinneret orifice, blowing and drafting the melt through high-pressure hot air flow to form superfine fibers, and bonding the superfine fibers on a screen to form a non-woven material; the granulation step comprises the following process parameters: the processing temperature of the double screw is 160 ℃ and 230 ℃, and the rotating speed is 200 ℃ and 900 n/min.
4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the drying temperature of the polylactic acid is 70-120 ℃, the drying time is 12-24 hours, and the moisture content after drying is less than 50 PPM.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113861644A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2021-12-31 | 湖南盛锦新材料有限公司 | Production method of biodegradable melt-blown material |
| CN114307392A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-04-12 | 安徽元琛环保科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of degradable low-temperature dust removal filter material and prepared filter material |
| CN115819931A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2023-03-21 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Biodegradable melt-blown non-woven fabric material and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115819931A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2023-03-21 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Biodegradable melt-blown non-woven fabric material and preparation method and application thereof |
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