CN112680645B - Rare earth Sm-containing self-foaming porous magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Rare earth Sm-containing self-foaming porous magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rare earth Sm-containing self-foaming porous magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of magnesium alloys. Solves the problem that the preparation of the existing porous magnesium alloy needs various foaming agents and tackifiers or needs special processes. The self-foaming porous magnesium alloy comprises the following components: 2-12 wt% of Zn, 2-12 wt% of Al, 0.1-6 wt% of Sm, 0-0.8 wt% of Mn, 0-0.3 wt% of Zr, 0-0.5 wt% of Si, 0-1 wt% of Ca, 0-2 wt% of Sr, 0-0.5 wt% of Ag, 0-3 wt% of La, 0-3 wt% of Ce, and the balance of Mg and inevitable impurity elements. The porosity of the porous magnesium alloy is adjustable, the pore size is adjustable, the mechanical property is excellent, and the preparation method of the porous magnesium alloy is reliable, low in cost, simple and safe based on the traditional casting method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of magnesium alloy, and particularly relates to a rare earth Sm-containing self-foaming porous magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The porous metal material or the foam metal material which combines the metal phase and the gas phase has the characteristics of metal and pores due to the special structure, and has multiple special performances, such as small density, large specific surface area, impact energy absorption, sound insulation, noise reduction, shock absorption, good electromagnetic shielding performance and the like. Therefore, the porous metal material has wide application prospect in the fields of aerospace, automobiles, buildings and the like. The magnesium alloy is a metal structure material with the lowest density in engineering application at present, is an ideal matrix of a light porous metal material, is nontoxic to a human body, has the density and mechanical properties very close to those of human bones, has good biocompatibility and degradability, and can increase the cell adhesion due to the porous structure; therefore, the porous magnesium alloy also has great application prospect in the field of biomedical materials.
In the prior art, porous magnesium alloysThe preparation method mainly comprises a melt foaming method, a seepage casting method, an investment casting method, a solid-gas eutectic solidification method, a powder metallurgy method, a secondary foaming method and the like. The melt foaming method mainly utilizes foaming agents such as fly ash microspheres, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate and the like, and simultaneously needs to improve the viscosity of the magnesium alloy melt by adding other alloying elements. The seepage casting method mainly prepares the open-cell foam magnesium alloy by means of a porous gasket material, and the process has certain explosion risk. The investment casting method is mainly used for preparing the open-cell foam magnesium alloy in an investment mode. The solid-gas eutectic solidification method mainly uses MgH2The powder is used as a foaming agent, and the lotus-root-shaped porous magnesium alloy is prepared by directional solidification. The powder metallurgy method is mainly used for preparing closed-cell foam magnesium alloy with uniform air holes by adding a foaming agent such as hydride powder or urea and the like and then by the powder metallurgy method. The secondary foaming method is to prepare the porous magnesium alloy by a two-step method, and needs a foaming agent, a tackifier, aluminum powder and the like. There are other methods for preparing the porous magnesium alloy, such as high-pressure casting (only the center has a porous structure), titanium hydride foaming hot-rolled plate. It can be seen that the preparation of the existing porous magnesium alloy needs various foaming agents, tackifiers or special processes, such as melting mold, high pressure, etc. In the prior art, a porous magnesium alloy material which can be foamed by means of a traditional casting method does not exist. The traditional casting method for preparing the porous magnesium alloy has low cost, is simple and safe, and is bound to become the inevitable trend of the development of the porous magnesium alloy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-foaming porous magnesium alloy containing rare earth Sm and a preparation method thereof, the porosity of the porous magnesium alloy is adjustable, the pore size is adjustable, the mechanical property is excellent, and the preparation method of the porous magnesium alloy is based on the traditional casting method, and is reliable, low in cost, simple and safe.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the aim is as follows.
The invention provides a rare earth Sm-containing self-foaming porous magnesium alloy, which comprises the following components: 2-12 wt% of zinc (Zn), 2-12 wt% of aluminum (Al), 0.1-6 wt% of samarium (Sm), 0-0.8 wt% of manganese (Mn), 0-0.3 wt% of zirconium (Zr), 0-0.5 wt% of silicon (Si), 0-1 wt% of calcium (Ca), 0-2 wt% of strontium (Sr), 0-0.5 wt% of silver (Ag), 0-3 wt% of lanthanum (La), 0-3 wt% of cerium (Ce), and the balance of magnesium (Mg) and inevitable impurity elements.
Preferably, the mass content of Zn in the porous magnesium alloy is 6% to 9%.
Preferably, the mass content of Al in the porous magnesium alloy is 6% to 8%.
Preferably, the mass content of Sm in the porous magnesium alloy is 0.6-4%.
The invention provides a preparation method of a rare earth Sm-containing self-foaming porous magnesium alloy, which comprises the following steps:
1) taking a magnesium source, a zinc source, an aluminum source, a samarium source, a manganese source, a zirconium source, a silicon source, a calcium source, a strontium source, a silver source, a lanthanum source and a cerium source according to the components, and smelting to obtain an alloy liquid;
2) carrying out gravity casting on the alloy liquid obtained in the step 1) to obtain the self-foaming porous magnesium alloy containing the rare earth Sm.
Preferably, in the step 1), the melting temperature is 680-780 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 1), smelting is carried out under the condition of protective gas, and the volume ratio of the protective gas to SF is 1 (50-120)6And CO2。
Preferably, in the step 1), the magnesium source, the zinc source, the aluminum source, the samarium source, the manganese source, the zirconium source, the silicon source, the calcium source, the strontium source, the silver source, the lanthanum source and the cerium source are preheated before being smelted, and the preheating temperature is 120-400 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 1), the samarium source is magnesium-samarium intermediate alloy with the mass fraction of samarium being 15-40%.
Preferably, the process of step 1) is:
1a) taking a magnesium source, a zinc source, an aluminum source, a samarium source, a manganese source, a zirconium source, a silicon source, a calcium source, a strontium source, a silver source, a lanthanum source and a cerium source according to the composition;
1b) smelting a magnesium source and a samarium source to obtain a first mixed molten metal;
1c) mixing a manganese source, a zirconium source, a silicon source, a calcium source, a strontium source, a silver source, a lanthanum source and a cerium source with the first mixed metal liquid obtained in the step 1b) to obtain a second mixed metal liquid;
1d) and mixing the second mixed metal liquid, a zinc source and an aluminum source to obtain an alloy liquid.
More preferably, in the step 1c), the mixing time of the manganese source, the zirconium source, the silicon source, the calcium source, the strontium source, the silver source, the lanthanum source, the cerium source and the first mixed molten metal is 5min to 10min, the mixing temperature is 720 ℃ to 750 ℃, and in the step 1d), the mixing time of the second mixed molten metal, the zinc source and the aluminum source is 10min to 20 min.
Preferably, in the step 2), the alloy liquid is allowed to stand for 3 to 80min before gravity casting, and the temperature of the alloy liquid is 680 to 780 ℃ during standing.
Preferably, in the step 2), the mold adopted for gravity casting is a metal mold or a sand mold.
Preferably, in the step 2), the gravity casting is carried out in a cooling mode of furnace cooling, air cooling or water cooling.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the self-foaming porous magnesium alloy contains Sm, Zn and Al, a melt formed by the Sm, Zn and Al after melting can absorb a large amount of gas, and the gas is gradually separated out along with the reduction of temperature in the solidification process to form bubbles, so that the preparation of the porous magnesium alloy can be realized without the help of any foaming agent, tackifier or any special casting process and condition, namely, the self-foaming is realized. In addition, Zn, Al and Mg react to generate a ternary quasicrystal phase, and Sm can change the structure of the quasicrystal phase, so that the gas absorption and release can be adjusted, and therefore, the content, the size and the distribution of pores of the self-foaming porous magnesium alloy provided by the invention can be adjusted by controlling the alloy components and the solidification rate.
The self-foaming porous magnesium alloy provided by the invention has higher porosity and better mechanical property, and experiments show that the self-foaming porous magnesium alloy provided by the invention has porosity at room temperature70 percent, the compressive yield strength of 8-105 MPa, the elastic modulus of 2-34 GPa and the absorption energy of 16-38 kJ kg-1。
The preparation method of the self-foaming porous magnesium alloy is based on the traditional casting method, and is reliable, low in cost, simple and safe.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
In FIG. 1, (a) to (e) are optical photographs of the self-foaming porous magnesium alloy obtained in examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, respectively;
in fig. 2, (a) to (c) are back electron scattering scanning electron micrographs of the self-foaming porous magnesium alloys obtained in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention, respectively.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, preferred embodiments of the invention are described below in conjunction with the detailed description, but it is to be understood that the description is only intended to further illustrate the features and advantages of the invention and not to limit the claims of the invention.
The invention discloses a self-foaming porous magnesium alloy containing rare earth Sm, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2-12 wt% of Zn, 2-12 wt% of Al, 0.1-6 wt% of Sm, 0-0.8 wt% of Mn, 0-0.3 wt% of Zr, 0-0.5 wt% of Si, 0-1 wt% of Ca, 0-2 wt% of Sr, 0-0.5 wt% of Ag, 0-3 wt% of La, 0-3 wt% of Ce, and the balance of magnesium and inevitable impurity elements (if the impurity elements can be avoided, the impurity elements do not contain the impurity elements).
The porous magnesium alloy provided by the invention comprises 2-12 wt% of Zn. In the present invention, the mass content of Zn in the porous magnesium alloy is preferably 6% to 9%. The Zn content in the porous magnesium alloy provided by the invention ensures that the self-foaming porous magnesium alloy has very good flow property, and further the porous magnesium alloy provided by the invention can be used for producing large-size castings with complex structures.
The porous magnesium alloy provided by the invention comprises 2-12 wt% of Al. In the present invention, the mass content of Al in the porous magnesium alloy is preferably 6% to 8%. In the invention, Al can act together with Zn in the technical scheme to further improve the fluidity of the alloy liquid, and simultaneously inhibit the hot cracking behavior in the alloy casting process, so that the porous magnesium alloy provided by the invention has better casting quality.
The porous magnesium alloy provided by the invention comprises 0.1-6 wt% of Sm. In the present invention, the mass content of Sm in the porous magnesium alloy is preferably 0.6% to 4%. In the invention, Sm can be combined with Al and Zn in the technical scheme to form a ternary phase, wherein the ternary phase also comprises a ternary quasi-crystal phase; the ternary quasicrystal phase has a regulating effect on the absorption and release of gas in the solidification process, so that the content and the size of the pores of the porous magnesium alloy provided by the invention can be regulated.
The porous magnesium alloy provided by the invention can also contain other alloy elements, such as 0-0.8 wt% of Mn, 0-0.3 wt% of Zr, 0-0.5 wt% of Si, 0-1.0 wt% of Ca, 0-2 wt% of Sr, 0-0.5 wt% of Ag, 0-3 wt% of La and 0-3 wt% of Ce. Therefore, the porous magnesium alloy provided by the invention has higher purity and excellent mechanical property.
In the present invention, the inevitable impurity elements are one or more of Fe, Ni, Cu, Be, etc., and the total amount of the impurity elements is less than 0.3 wt%.
The preparation method of the self-foaming porous magnesium alloy containing the rare earth Sm comprises the following steps of:
1) taking a magnesium source, a zinc source, an aluminum source, a samarium source, a manganese source, a zirconium source, a silicon source, a calcium source, a strontium source, a silver source, a lanthanum source and a cerium source according to the components, and smelting to obtain an alloy liquid;
2) carrying out gravity casting on the alloy liquid obtained in the step 1) to obtain the self-foaming porous magnesium alloy.
In step 1) of the present invention, the method for melting the magnesium source, the zinc source, the aluminum source, the samarium source, and the other alloying element sources is not particularly limited, and the technical scheme of metal melting known to those skilled in the art can be adopted.
The smelting temperature of the invention is 680-780 ℃, preferably 690-740 ℃, and more preferably 720 ℃.
The invention preferably carries out smelting under the condition of protective gas; the invention has no special limitation on the type and source of the protective gas, and the protective gas used in the preparation of the magnesium alloy, which is well known to those skilled in the art, can be obtained by market purchase; preferably the protective gas is SF6And CO2Mixed gas of (2), SF6And CO2The volume ratio of (A) to (B) is preferably 1 (50-120), more preferably 1: 80.
In the present invention, the melting is preferably carried out under stirring.
When the porous magnesium alloy does not contain other alloy elements, the magnesium source and the samarium source are preferably smelted to obtain a first mixed molten metal; and then mixing the first mixed metal liquid, a zinc source and an aluminum source to obtain an alloy liquid. The mixing time of the first mixed metal liquid, the zinc source and the aluminum source is preferably 10min to 20min, and more preferably 6min to 12 min.
When the porous magnesium alloy contains other alloy elements, the magnesium source and the samarium source are preferably smelted to obtain a first mixed molten metal; then mixing the first mixed molten metal with other alloy elements (one or more of manganese source, zirconium source, silicon source, calcium source, strontium source, silver source, lanthanum source and cerium source) to obtain a second mixed molten metal; and finally, mixing the second mixed metal liquid, a zinc source and an aluminum source to obtain the alloy liquid. In the present invention, the mixing temperature of the first mixed molten metal and the source of the other alloying element is preferably 720 ℃ to 750 ℃, more preferably 725 ℃ to 740 ℃, and most preferably 730 ℃. In the present invention, the mixing time of the first mixed molten metal and the other alloying elements is preferably 5 to 10min, and more preferably 6 to 8 min. The mixing time of the second mixed metal liquid, the zinc source and the aluminum source is preferably 10min to 20min, and more preferably 6min to 12 min.
In the present invention, before the magnesium source, the zinc source, the aluminum source, the samarium source, and the other alloying element sources are melted, the magnesium source, the zinc source, the aluminum source, the samarium source, and the other alloying element sources are preferably preheated. In the present invention, the temperature for preheating the magnesium source, the zinc source, the aluminum source, the samarium source, and the other alloying element source is preferably 120 to 400 ℃, more preferably 200 to 360 ℃, and most preferably 300 ℃.
In the present invention, the zinc source is preferably pure zinc. In the present invention, the aluminum source is preferably pure aluminum. In the present invention, the magnesium source is preferably pure magnesium. The silver source is preferably pure silver. The sources of the zinc source, the aluminum source, the magnesium source and the silver source are not particularly limited and commercially available. In the present invention, the samarium source is preferably a magnesium samarium master alloy. In the invention, the mass fraction of samarium in the samarium-magnesium intermediate alloy is preferably 15-40%, and more preferably 20-30%. In the present invention, the other alloying element source is preferably a magnesium-other alloying element master alloy, such as a magnesium-manganese master alloy, a magnesium-zirconium master alloy, a magnesium-silicon master alloy, a magnesium-calcium master alloy, a magnesium-strontium master alloy, a magnesium-silver master alloy, a magnesium-lanthanum master alloy, and a magnesium-cerium master alloy. In the invention, the mass fractions of other alloy elements in the magnesium-other alloy element intermediate alloy are not particularly limited, and the alloy preparation conditions can be met. The sources of samarium and other alloying elements are not particularly limited in the present invention, and may be those known to those skilled in the art, and may be commercially available.
In the present invention, after the alloy liquid is obtained, argon gas may be introduced into the alloy liquid to refine the alloy liquid. In the present invention, it is preferable not to refine. In the present invention, the alloy liquid is preferably left to stand. In the present invention, the time for the standing is preferably 3 to 80min, and the melt temperature at the time of the standing is preferably 680 to 780 ℃.
In the present invention, the temperature for gravity casting is preferably 650 to 750 ℃, more preferably 670 to 730 ℃, and most preferably 700 to 720 ℃. In the present invention, the gravity casting rate is not particularly limited, and a magnesium alloy casting method known to those skilled in the art may be used. The gravity casting mold of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a metal mold or a sand mold known to those skilled in the art may be used.
The porous magnesium alloy provided by the invention contains Sm, Zn and Al, a melt formed by the Sm, Zn and Al after melting can absorb a large amount of gas, and the gas is gradually separated out along with the reduction of temperature in the solidification process to form bubbles, so that the porous magnesium alloy provided by the invention can be realized without any foaming agent, tackifier or any special casting process and condition, and therefore, the porous magnesium alloy provided by the invention is a self-foaming porous magnesium alloy. In addition, Zn, Al and Mg react to generate a ternary quasicrystal phase, and Sm can change the structure of the quasicrystal phase, so that the gas absorption and release can be adjusted, therefore, the content, the size and the distribution of pores of the porous magnesium alloy provided by the invention can be adjusted by controlling the alloy components and the solidification rate, and the method is reliable, simple and safe.
The density of the porous magnesium alloy provided by the invention is tested according to the standard of GB 4472-84 general rule for measuring density and relative density, and then the porosity of the porous magnesium alloy is calculated. The mechanical property at room temperature is tested according to the standard of GB/T7314-2017 metallic material room temperature compression test method. Then calculating the yield strength and the absorption energy according to the tested compression curve; the elastic modulus of the metal material at room temperature is tested according to the standard of GB/T22315-2008 test method for elastic modulus and Poisson ratio of metal material. The experimental result shows that the porosity of the self-foaming porous magnesium alloy can reach 72% at room temperature, the compressive yield strength is 18-102 MPa, and the elastic modulus is 6-32 GPa.
For further understanding of the present invention, the self-foaming porous magnesium alloy and the preparation method thereof provided by the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The raw materials used in the following examples of the present invention are all commercially available products (llc of shimei, cismei, changchun), the mass fraction of samarium in the used samaria master alloy is 20%, the mass fraction of samarium in the used mgla master alloy is 20%, the mass fraction of samarium in the used mgce master alloy is 20%, the mass fraction of manganese in the used mgmn master alloy is 4%, the mass fraction of zirconium in the used mgzr master alloy is 33%, the mass fraction of silicon in the used mgsi master alloy is 20%, the mass fraction of calcium in the used mgca master alloy is 25%, the mass fraction of strontium in the used mgsr master alloy is 25%, and the silver used is pure silver.
Example 1
10350g of pure magnesium, 1200g of pure zinc, 1200g of pure aluminum, 2250g of magnesium samarium master alloy was preheated to 300 ℃. Firstly, putting preheated pure magnesium and magnesium-samarium intermediate alloy into a crucible preheated to 300 ℃, and introducing SF into the crucible6And CO2Is 1:80, adding the pure zinc and the pure aluminum preheated to 300 ℃ into the crucible at 730 ℃ under the stirring condition, and mixing for 8min to obtain alloy liquid; and cooling the alloy liquid to 710 ℃, and standing for 15 min.
The alloy liquid after standing was directly cast into an open rectangular parallelepiped mold for ordinary ingot casting without a cooling device, the end face of the mold was trapezoidal (80 mm. times.120 mm) and the length was 400 mm.
The component detection of the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 1 of the present invention is performed by using a spectrum analyzer, and the detection result is that the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 1 of the present invention includes: 8.04 wt% of Zn, 7.85 wt% of Al, 2.94 wt% of Sm, less than 0.03 wt% of the total amount of impurity elements Fe, Cu and Ni, and the balance of magnesium. The porous magnesium alloy obtained in example 1 of the present invention was observed by an optical photograph and a scanning photograph, and the observation results are shown in fig. 1 (a) and fig. 2 (a). It can be seen that the porous magnesium alloy obtained in example 1 of the present invention has large pores and relatively uniform distribution.
The porosity, the compressive yield strength, the absorption work and the elastic modulus are tested according to the standards of GB 4472-84 general rules for measuring density and relative density, GB/T7314 + 2017 + test method for metal material room temperature compression, GB/T22315 + 2008 + test method for elastic modulus and Poisson ratio of metal material. The experimental result shows that the porosity at room temperature can reach 56%, the compressive yield strength is 48MPa, and the elastic modulus is 11 GPa.
Example 2
11550g of pure magnesium, 1200g of pure zinc, 1200g of pure aluminum, 75g of magnesium samarium master alloy were preheated to 300 ℃. Firstly, putting preheated pure magnesium and magnesium-samarium intermediate alloy into a crucible preheated to 300 ℃, and introducing SF into the crucible6And CO2Is 1:80, adding the pure zinc and the pure aluminum preheated to 300 ℃ into the crucible at 730 ℃ under the stirring condition, and mixing for 8min to obtain alloy liquid; and cooling the alloy liquid to 710 ℃, and standing for 15 min.
The alloy liquid after standing was directly cast into an open rectangular parallelepiped mold for ordinary ingot casting without a cooling device, the end face of the mold was trapezoidal (80 mm. times.120 mm) and the length was 400 mm.
The component detection of the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 2 of the present invention is performed by using a spectrum analyzer, and the detection result is that the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 2 of the present invention includes: 8.01 wt% of Zn, 7.99 wt% of Al, 0.91 wt% of Sm, less than 0.03 wt% of the total amount of impurity elements Fe, Cu and Ni, and the balance of magnesium. The porous magnesium alloy obtained in example 2 of the present invention was observed by an optical photograph and a scanning photograph, and the observation results are shown in fig. 1 (b) and fig. 2 (b). It can be seen that the porous magnesium alloy obtained in example 2 of the present invention has smaller pores and is distributed more uniformly.
The porosity, the compressive yield strength, the absorption work and the elastic modulus are tested according to the standards of GB 4472-84 general rules for measuring density and relative density, GB/T7314 + 2017 + test method for metal material room temperature compression, GB/T22315 + 2008 + test method for elastic modulus and Poisson ratio of metal material. The experimental result shows that the porosity at room temperature can reach 72%, the compressive yield strength is 18MPa, and the elastic modulus is 6 GPa.
Example 3
9750g of pure magnesium, 1800g of pure zinc, 1200g of pure aluminum, 2250g of samarium master alloy were preheated to 300 ℃. Firstly, putting preheated pure magnesium and magnesium-samarium intermediate alloy into a crucible preheated to 300 ℃, and introducing SF into the crucible6And CO2Is 1:80 at 730 deg.C under stirringAdding the pure zinc and the pure aluminum preheated to 300 ℃ into a crucible under the stirring condition, and mixing for 8min to obtain an alloy liquid; and cooling the alloy liquid to 710 ℃, and standing for 15 min.
The alloy liquid after standing was directly cast into an open rectangular parallelepiped mold for ordinary ingot casting without a cooling device, the end face of the mold was trapezoidal (80 mm. times.120 mm) and the length was 400 mm.
The component detection of the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 3 of the present invention is performed by using a spectrum analyzer, and the detection result is that the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 3 of the present invention includes: 11.84 wt% of Zn, 7.85 wt% of Al, 2.91 wt% of Sm, less than 0.03 wt% of the total amount of impurity elements Fe, Cu and Ni, and the balance of magnesium. The porous magnesium alloy obtained in example 3 of the present invention was observed by optical photograph and scanning photograph, and the observation results are shown in fig. 1 (c) and fig. 2 (c).
The porosity, the compressive yield strength, the absorption work and the elastic modulus are tested according to the standards of GB 4472-84 general rules for measuring density and relative density, GB/T7314 + 2017 + test method for metal material room temperature compression, GB/T22315 + 2008 + test method for elastic modulus and Poisson ratio of metal material. The experimental result shows that the porosity at room temperature can reach 32%, the compressive yield strength is 71MPa, and the elastic modulus is 25 GPa.
Example 4
14625g of pure magnesium, 300g of pure zinc, 300g of pure aluminum, 75g of samarium master alloy were preheated to 300 ℃. Firstly, putting preheated pure magnesium and magnesium-samarium intermediate alloy into a crucible preheated to 300 ℃, and introducing SF into the crucible6And CO2Is 1:80, adding the pure zinc and the pure aluminum preheated to 300 ℃ into the crucible at 730 ℃ under the stirring condition for mixing for 8min to obtain alloy liquid; and cooling the alloy liquid to 710 ℃, and standing for 15 min.
The alloy liquid after standing was directly cast into an open rectangular parallelepiped mold for ordinary ingot casting without a cooling device, the end face of the mold was trapezoidal (80 mm. times.120 mm) and the length was 400 mm.
The component detection of the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 4 of the present invention is performed by using a spectrum analyzer, and the detection result is that the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 4 of the present invention includes: 1.96 wt% of Zn, 1.84 wt% of Al, 0.11 wt% of Sm, less than 0.03 wt% of the total amount of impurity elements Fe, Cu and Ni, and the balance of magnesium. The porous magnesium alloy obtained in example 4 of the present invention was observed, and the observation results are shown in fig. 1 (d).
The porosity, the compressive yield strength, the absorption work and the elastic modulus are tested according to the standards of GB 4472-84 general rules for measuring density and relative density, GB/T7314 + 2017 + test method for metal material room temperature compression, GB/T22315 + 2008 + test method for elastic modulus and Poisson ratio of metal material. The experimental result shows that the porosity at room temperature can reach 12%, the compressive yield strength is 102MPa, and the elastic modulus is 32 GPa.
Example 5
7000g of pure magnesium, 1800g of pure zinc, 1800g of pure aluminum, 4500g of magnesium samarium master alloy were preheated to 300 ℃. Firstly, putting preheated pure magnesium and magnesium-samarium intermediate alloy into a crucible preheated to 300 ℃, and introducing SF into the crucible6And CO2Is 1:80, adding the pure zinc and the pure aluminum preheated to 300 ℃ into the crucible at 730 ℃ under the stirring condition, and mixing for 8min to obtain alloy liquid; and cooling the alloy liquid to 710 ℃, and standing for 15 min.
The alloy liquid after standing was directly cast into an open rectangular parallelepiped mold for ordinary ingot casting without a cooling device, the end face of the mold was trapezoidal (80 mm. times.120 mm) and the length was 400 mm.
The composition of the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 5 of the invention is detected by a spectrum analyzer, and the detection result is that the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 5 of the invention comprises the following components: 11.69 wt% of Zn, 11.78 wt% of Al, 5.57 wt% of Sm, less than 0.03 wt% of the total amount of impurity elements Fe, Cu and Ni, and the balance of magnesium. The porous magnesium alloy obtained in example 5 of the present invention was observed, and the observation results are shown in fig. 1.
The porosity, the compressive yield strength, the absorption work and the elastic modulus are tested according to the standards of GB 4472-84 general rules for measuring density and relative density, GB/T7314 + 2017 + test method for metal material room temperature compression, GB/T22315 + 2008 + test method for elastic modulus and Poisson ratio of metal material. The experimental result shows that the porosity at room temperature can reach 64%, the compressive yield strength is 22MPa, and the elastic modulus is 7 GPa.
Example 6
8850g of pure magnesium, 1200g of pure zinc, 1200g of pure aluminum, 750g of magnesium samarium master alloy and 3000g of magnesium manganese master alloy are preheated to 300 ℃. Firstly, putting preheated pure magnesium and magnesium-samarium intermediate alloy into a crucible preheated to 300 ℃, and introducing SF into the crucible6And CO2Is 1:80, adding the magnesium-manganese intermediate alloy preheated to 300 ℃ into a crucible at 730 ℃ under the stirring condition, stirring for 5min, and then adding pure zinc and pure aluminum preheated to 300 ℃ for mixing for 8min to obtain alloy liquid; and cooling the alloy liquid to 710 ℃, and standing for 15 min.
The alloy liquid after standing was directly cast into an open rectangular parallelepiped mold for ordinary ingot casting without a cooling device, the end face of the mold was trapezoidal (80 mm. times.120 mm) and the length was 400 mm.
The component detection of the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 6 of the present invention is performed by using a spectrum analyzer, and the detection result is that the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 6 of the present invention includes: 8.01 wt% of Zn, 7.81 wt% of Al, 0.95 wt% of Sm, 0.74 wt% of Mn, less than 0.03 wt% of the total amount of impurity elements Fe, Cu and Ni, and the balance of magnesium.
The porosity, the compressive yield strength, the absorption work and the elastic modulus are tested according to the standards of GB 4472-84 general rules for measuring density and relative density, GB/T7314 + 2017 + test method for metal material room temperature compression, GB/T22315 + 2008 + test method for elastic modulus and Poisson ratio of metal material. The experimental result shows that the porosity at room temperature can reach 67%, the compressive yield strength is 20MPa, and the elastic modulus is 6 GPa.
Example 7
10050g of pure magnesium, 1200g of pure zinc, 1200g of pure aluminum, 2250g of magnesium samarium master alloy, 300g of magnesium zirconium master alloy were preheated to 300 ℃.Firstly, putting preheated pure magnesium and magnesium-samarium intermediate alloy into a crucible preheated to 300 ℃, and introducing SF into the crucible6And CO2Is 1:80, adding the magnesium-zirconium intermediate alloy preheated to 300 ℃ into a crucible at 730 ℃ under the stirring condition, stirring for 5min, and then adding pure zinc and pure aluminum preheated to 300 ℃ for mixing for 8min to obtain alloy liquid; and cooling the alloy liquid to 710 ℃, and standing for 15 min.
The alloy liquid after standing was directly cast into an open rectangular parallelepiped mold for ordinary ingot casting without a cooling device, the end face of the mold was trapezoidal (80 mm. times.120 mm) and the length was 400 mm.
The component detection of the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 7 of the present invention is performed by using a spectrum analyzer, and the detection result is that the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 7 of the present invention includes: 8.03 wt% of Zn, 7.73 wt% of Al, 2.78 wt% of Sm, 0.26 wt% of Zr, the total amount of impurity elements Fe, Cu and Ni being less than 0.03 wt%, and the balance being magnesium
The porosity, the compressive yield strength, the absorption work and the elastic modulus are tested according to the standards of GB 4472-84 general rules for measuring density and relative density, GB/T7314 + 2017 + test method for metal material room temperature compression, GB/T22315 + 2008 + test method for elastic modulus and Poisson ratio of metal material. The experimental result shows that the porosity at room temperature can reach 69%, the compressive yield strength is 16MPa, and the elastic modulus is 6 GPa.
Example 8
10500g of pure magnesium, 1200g of pure zinc, 1200g of pure aluminum, 1500g of magnesium-samarium master alloy, 600g of magnesium-calcium master alloy were preheated to 300 ℃. Firstly, putting preheated pure magnesium and magnesium-samarium intermediate alloy into a crucible preheated to 300 ℃, and introducing SF into the crucible6And CO2Is 1:80, adding the magnesium-calcium intermediate alloy preheated to 300 ℃ into a crucible at 730 ℃ under the stirring condition, stirring for 5min, and then adding pure zinc and pure aluminum preheated to 300 ℃ for mixing for 8min to obtain alloy liquid; and cooling the alloy liquid to 710 ℃, and standing for 15 min.
The alloy liquid after standing was directly cast into an open rectangular parallelepiped mold for ordinary ingot casting without a cooling device, the end face of the mold was trapezoidal (80 mm. times.120 mm) and the length was 400 mm.
The component detection of the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 8 of the present invention is performed by using a spectrum analyzer, and the detection result is that the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 8 of the present invention includes: 7.98 wt% of Zn, 7.92 wt% of Al, 1.85 wt% of Sm, 0.91 wt% of Ca, less than 0.03 wt% of the total amount of impurity elements Fe, Cu and Ni, and the balance of magnesium.
The porosity, the compressive yield strength, the absorption work and the elastic modulus are tested according to the standards of GB 4472-84 general rules for measuring density and relative density, GB/T7314 + 2017 + test method for metal material room temperature compression, GB/T22315 + 2008 + test method for elastic modulus and Poisson ratio of metal material. The experimental result shows that the porosity at room temperature can reach 66%, the compressive yield strength is 25MPa, and the elastic modulus is 7 GPa.
Example 9
9900g of pure magnesium, 1200g of pure zinc, 1200g of pure aluminum, 1500g of magnesium samarium master alloy and 1200g of magnesium strontium master alloy are preheated to 300 ℃. Firstly, putting preheated pure magnesium and magnesium-samarium intermediate alloy into a crucible preheated to 300 ℃, and introducing SF into the crucible6And CO2Is 1:80, adding the magnesium-strontium intermediate alloy preheated to 300 ℃ into a crucible at 730 ℃ under the stirring condition, stirring for 5min, and then adding pure zinc and pure aluminum preheated to 300 ℃ for mixing for 8min to obtain alloy liquid; and cooling the alloy liquid to 710 ℃, and standing for 15 min.
The alloy liquid after standing was directly cast into an open rectangular parallelepiped mold for ordinary ingot casting without a cooling device, the end face of the mold was trapezoidal (80 mm. times.120 mm) and the length was 400 mm.
The composition of the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 9 of the present invention is detected by a spectrum analyzer, and the detection result is that the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 9 of the present invention includes: 7.91 wt% of Zn, 7.88 wt% of Al, 1.91 wt% of Sm, 1.73 wt% of Sr, the total amount of impurity elements Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.03 wt%, and the balance is magnesium.
The porosity, the compressive yield strength, the absorption work and the elastic modulus are tested according to the standards of GB 4472-84 general rules for measuring density and relative density, GB/T7314 + 2017 + test method for metal material room temperature compression, GB/T22315 + 2008 + test method for elastic modulus and Poisson ratio of metal material. The experimental result shows that the porosity at room temperature can reach 71%, the compressive yield strength is 22MPa, and the elastic modulus is 7 GPa.
Example 10
9975g of pure magnesium, 1200g of pure zinc, 1200g of pure aluminum, 2250g of magnesium-samarium master alloy, 375g of magnesium-silicon master alloy were preheated to 300 ℃. Firstly, putting preheated pure magnesium and magnesium-samarium intermediate alloy into a crucible preheated to 300 ℃, and introducing SF into the crucible6And CO2Is 1:80, adding the magnesium-silicon intermediate alloy preheated to 300 ℃ into a crucible at 730 ℃ under the stirring condition, stirring for 5min, and then adding pure zinc and pure aluminum preheated to 300 ℃ for mixing for 8min to obtain alloy liquid; and cooling the alloy liquid to 710 ℃, and standing for 15 min.
The alloy liquid after standing was directly cast into an open rectangular parallelepiped mold for ordinary ingot casting without a cooling device, the end face of the mold was trapezoidal (80 mm. times.120 mm) and the length was 400 mm.
The composition of the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 10 of the present invention is detected by a spectrum analyzer, and the detection result is that the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 10 of the present invention includes: 7.83 wt% of Zn, 7.92 wt% of Al, 2.81 wt% of Sm, 0.44 wt% of Si, less than 0.03 wt% of the total amount of impurity elements Fe, Cu and Ni, and the balance of magnesium.
The porosity, the compressive yield strength, the absorption work and the elastic modulus are tested according to the standards of GB 4472-84 general rules for measuring density and relative density, GB/T7314 + 2017 + test method for metal material room temperature compression, GB/T22315 + 2008 + test method for elastic modulus and Poisson ratio of metal material. The experimental result shows that the porosity at room temperature can reach 67%, the compressive yield strength is 19MPa, and the elastic modulus is 7 GPa.
Example 11
11025g of pure magnesium, 1200g of pure zinc, 1200g of pure aluminum, 1500g of magnesium samarium master alloy and 60g of pure silver are preheated to 300 ℃. Firstly, putting preheated pure magnesium and magnesium-samarium intermediate alloy into a crucible preheated to 300 ℃, and introducing SF into the crucible6And CO2Is 1:80, adding the pure silver preheated to 300 ℃ into the crucible at 730 ℃ under the stirring condition, stirring for 5min, and then adding pure zinc and pure aluminum preheated to 300 ℃ for mixing for 8min to obtain alloy liquid; and cooling the alloy liquid to 710 ℃, and standing for 15 min.
The alloy liquid after standing was directly cast into an open rectangular parallelepiped mold for ordinary ingot casting without a cooling device, the end face of the mold was trapezoidal (80 mm. times.120 mm) and the length was 400 mm.
The composition of the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 11 of the present invention was detected by a spectrum analyzer, and the detection result shows that the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 11 of the present invention includes: 7.98 wt% of Zn, 7.81 wt% of Al, 2.82 wt% of Sm, 0.47 wt% of Ag, the total amount of impurity elements Fe, Cu and Ni being less than 0.03 wt%, and the balance of magnesium.
The porosity, the compressive yield strength, the absorption work and the elastic modulus are tested according to the standards of GB 4472-84 general rules for measuring density and relative density, GB/T7314 + 2017 + test method for metal material room temperature compression, GB/T22315 + 2008 + test method for elastic modulus and Poisson ratio of metal material. The experimental result shows that the porosity at room temperature can reach 69%, the compressive yield strength is 17MPa, and the elastic modulus is 6 GPa.
Example 12
9600g of pure magnesium, 1200g of pure zinc, 1200g of pure aluminum, 750g of samarium master alloy, 2250g of magnesium-lanthanum master alloy were preheated to 300 ℃. Firstly, putting preheated pure magnesium, magnesium lanthanum intermediate alloy and magnesium samarium intermediate alloy into a crucible preheated to 300 ℃, and introducing SF into the crucible6And CO2Is 1:80, adding the pure zinc and the pure aluminum preheated to 300 ℃ into the crucible at 730 ℃ under the stirring condition, and mixing for 8min to obtain alloy liquid;and cooling the alloy liquid to 710 ℃, and standing for 15 min.
The alloy liquid after standing was directly cast into an open rectangular parallelepiped mold for ordinary ingot casting without a cooling device, the end face of the mold was trapezoidal (80 mm. times.120 mm) and the length was 400 mm.
The composition of the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 12 of the present invention is detected by a spectrum analyzer, and the detection result is that the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 12 of the present invention includes: 7.94 wt% of Zn, 7.79 wt% of Al, 0.93 wt% of Sm, 2.91 wt% of La, less than 0.03 wt% of the total amount of impurity elements Fe, Cu and Ni, and the balance of magnesium.
The porosity was measured according to the standard of GB 4472-84 general rules for measuring Density and relative Density. The experimental result was that the porosity at room temperature was 70%.
Example 13
9600g of pure magnesium, 1200g of pure zinc, 1200g of pure aluminum, 750g of magnesium-samarium master alloy and 2250g of magnesium-cerium master alloy were preheated to 300 ℃. Firstly, putting preheated pure magnesium, magnesium-cerium intermediate alloy and magnesium-samarium intermediate alloy into a crucible preheated to 300 ℃, and introducing SF into the crucible6And CO2Is 1:80, adding the pure zinc and the pure aluminum preheated to 300 ℃ into the crucible at 730 ℃ under the stirring condition, and mixing for 8min to obtain alloy liquid; and cooling the alloy liquid to 710 ℃, and standing for 15 min.
The alloy liquid after standing was directly cast into an open rectangular parallelepiped mold for ordinary ingot casting without a cooling device, the end face of the mold was trapezoidal (80 mm. times.120 mm) and the length was 400 mm.
The composition of the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 13 of the present invention was detected by a spectrum analyzer, and the detection result shows that the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 13 of the present invention includes: 7.974 wt% of Zn, 7.85 wt% of Al, 0.99 wt% of Sm, 2.96 wt% of Ce, less than 0.03 wt% of the total amount of impurity elements Fe, Cu and Ni, and the balance of magnesium.
The porosity was measured according to the standard of GB 4472-84 general rules for measuring Density and relative Density. As a result of the experiment, the porosity at room temperature was 71%.
Example 14
9675g of pure magnesium, 1200g of pure zinc, 1200g of pure aluminum, 750g of magnesium samarium intermediate alloy, 1500g of magnesium manganese intermediate alloy, 375g of magnesium cerium intermediate alloy and 300g of magnesium strontium intermediate alloy are preheated to 300 ℃. Firstly, putting preheated pure magnesium, magnesium-samarium intermediate alloy and magnesium-cerium intermediate alloy into a crucible preheated to 300 ℃, and introducing SF into the crucible6And CO2Is 1:80, adding the magnesium-manganese intermediate alloy and the magnesium-strontium intermediate alloy preheated to 300 ℃ into a crucible at 730 ℃ under the stirring condition for mixing for 5min, and then adding the pure zinc and the pure aluminum preheated to 300 ℃ for mixing for 8min to obtain alloy liquid; introducing argon gas into the alloy liquid for refining, wherein the introducing time is 30min, then cooling to 710 ℃, and simultaneously standing for 15 min.
The alloy liquid after standing was directly cast into an open rectangular parallelepiped mold for ordinary ingot casting without a cooling device, the end face of the mold was trapezoidal (80 mm. times.120 mm) and the length was 400 mm.
The composition of the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 14 of the present invention is detected by a spectrum analyzer, and the detection result shows that the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 14 of the present invention includes: 7.97 wt% of Zn, 7.85 wt% of Al, 0.84 wt% of Sm, 0.37 wt% of Mn, 0.48 wt% of Ce, 0.46 wt% of Sr, the total amount of impurity elements Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.03 wt%, and the balance of magnesium.
The porosity was measured according to the standard of GB 4472-84 general rules for measuring Density and relative Density. The experimental result was that the porosity at room temperature was 65%.
Example 15
10800g of pure magnesium, 1200g of pure zinc, 1200g of pure aluminum, 750g of magnesium samarium master alloy, 450g of magnesium cerium master alloy, 300g of magnesium lanthanum master alloy and 300g of magnesium calcium master alloy are preheated to 300 ℃. Firstly, putting preheated pure magnesium, magnesium-samarium intermediate alloy and magnesium-cerium intermediate alloy into a crucible preheated to 300 ℃, and introducing SF into the crucible6And CO2Is 1:80, adding into a crucible at 730 deg.C under stirringMixing the magnesium-manganese intermediate alloy and the magnesium-strontium intermediate alloy preheated to 300 ℃ for 5min, and then adding the pure zinc and the pure aluminum preheated to 300 ℃ for mixing for 8min to obtain alloy liquid; introducing argon gas into the alloy liquid for refining, wherein the introducing time is 30min, then cooling to 710 ℃, and simultaneously standing for 15 min.
The alloy liquid after standing was directly cast into an open rectangular parallelepiped mold for ordinary ingot casting without a cooling device, the end face of the mold was trapezoidal (80 mm. times.120 mm) and the length was 400 mm.
The component detection of the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 15 of the present invention is performed by using a spectrum analyzer, and the detection result is that the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 15 of the present invention includes: 7.97 wt% of Zn, 7.85 wt% of Al, 0.88 wt% of Sm, 0.39 wt% of La, 0.57 wt% of Ce, 0.48 wt% of Ca, the total amount of impurity elements Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.03 wt%, and the balance of magnesium.
The porosity was measured according to the standard of GB 4472-84 general rules for measuring Density and relative Density. The experimental result was that the porosity at room temperature was 64%.
Example 16
10800g of pure magnesium, 1200g of pure zinc, 1200g of pure aluminum, 1500g of magnesium samarium master alloy, 300g of magnesium zirconium master alloy, 750g of magnesium cerium master alloy and 40g of pure silver gold are preheated to 300 ℃. Firstly, putting preheated pure magnesium, magnesium-samarium intermediate alloy and magnesium-cerium intermediate alloy into a crucible preheated to 300 ℃, and introducing SF into the crucible6And CO2Is 1:80, adding the magnesium-manganese intermediate alloy and the magnesium-strontium intermediate alloy preheated to 300 ℃ into a crucible at 730 ℃ under the stirring condition for mixing for 5min, and then adding the pure zinc and the pure aluminum preheated to 300 ℃ for mixing for 8min to obtain alloy liquid; introducing argon gas into the alloy liquid for refining, wherein the introducing time is 30min, then cooling to 710 ℃, and simultaneously standing for 15 min.
The alloy liquid after standing was directly cast into an open rectangular parallelepiped mold for ordinary ingot casting without a cooling device, the end face of the mold was trapezoidal (80 mm. times.120 mm) and the length was 400 mm.
The composition of the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 16 of the present invention is detected by a spectrum analyzer, and the detection result shows that the porous magnesium alloy obtained in the embodiment 16 of the present invention includes: 7.91 wt% of Zn, 8.05 wt% of Al, 1.84 wt% of Sm, 0.99 wt% of Ce, 0.22 wt% of Zr, 0.27 wt% of Ag, less than 0.03 wt% of the total amount of impurity elements Fe, Cu and Ni and the balance of magnesium.
The porosity was measured according to the standard of GB 4472-84 general rules for measuring Density and relative Density. The experimental result was that the porosity at room temperature was 68%.
From the above embodiments, the present invention provides a self-foaming porous magnesium alloy, including: 2-12 wt% of Zn, 2-12 wt% of Al, 0.1-6 wt% of Sm, 0-0.8 wt% of Mn, 0-0.3 wt% of Zr, 0-0.5 wt% of Si, 0-1 wt% of Ca, 0-2 wt% of Sr, 0-0.5 wt% of Ag, 0-3 wt% of La, 0-3 wt% of Ce, less than 0.3wt% of the total amount of impurity elements Fe, Ni, Cu, Be and the like, and the balance of magnesium. The self-foaming porous magnesium alloy provided by the invention contains Sm, Zn and Al, a melt formed by the Sm, Zn and Al after melting can absorb a large amount of gas, and the gas is gradually separated out along with the reduction of temperature in the solidification process to form bubbles, so that the porous magnesium alloy provided by the invention can realize the porous magnesium alloy without any foaming agent, tackifier or any special casting process and condition, namely, the self-foaming is realized. In addition, Zn, Al and Mg react to generate a ternary quasicrystal phase, and Sm can change the structure of the quasicrystal phase, so that the gas absorption and release can be adjusted, therefore, the content, the size and the distribution of pores of the porous magnesium alloy provided by the invention can be adjusted by controlling the alloy components and the solidification rate, and the method is reliable, simple and safe.
The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention, and many modifications of these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. The self-foaming porous magnesium alloy containing rare earth Sm is characterized by comprising the following components: 6-12 wt% of Zn, 2-12 wt% of Al, 0.1-6 wt% of Sm, 0-0.8 wt% of Mn, 0-0.3 wt% of Zr, 0-0.5 wt% of Si, 0-1 wt% of Ca, 0-2 wt% of Sr, 0-0.5 wt% of Ag, 0-3 wt% of La, 0-3 wt% of Ce, and the balance of Mg and inevitable impurity elements;
the preparation method of the self-foaming porous magnesium alloy containing the rare earth Sm comprises the following steps of:
1) taking a magnesium source, a zinc source, an aluminum source, a samarium source, a manganese source, a zirconium source, a silicon source, a calcium source, a strontium source, a silver source, a lanthanum source and a cerium source according to the components, and smelting to obtain an alloy liquid;
1a) taking a magnesium source, a zinc source, an aluminum source, a samarium source, a manganese source, a zirconium source, a silicon source, a calcium source, a strontium source, a silver source, a lanthanum source and a cerium source according to the composition;
1b) smelting a magnesium source and a samarium source to obtain a first mixed molten metal;
1c) mixing a manganese source, a zirconium source, a silicon source, a calcium source, a strontium source, a silver source, a lanthanum source and a cerium source with the first mixed metal liquid obtained in the step 1b) to obtain a second mixed metal liquid;
1d) mixing the second mixed metal liquid, a zinc source and an aluminum source to obtain an alloy liquid;
in the step 1), smelting is carried out under the condition of protective gas, wherein the protective gas is SF with the volume ratio of 1 (50-120)6And CO2；
2) Carrying out gravity casting on the alloy liquid obtained in the step 1) to obtain the self-foaming porous magnesium alloy containing the rare earth Sm.
2. The self-foaming porous magnesium alloy containing rare earth Sm as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass content of Zn in the porous magnesium alloy is 6% -9%; the mass content of Al in the porous magnesium alloy is 6-8%; the mass content of Sm in the porous magnesium alloy is 0.6-4%.
3. The method for preparing the self-foaming porous magnesium alloy containing rare earth Sm of claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
1) taking a magnesium source, a zinc source, an aluminum source, a samarium source, a manganese source, a zirconium source, a silicon source, a calcium source, a strontium source, a silver source, a lanthanum source and a cerium source according to the components, and smelting to obtain an alloy liquid;
1a) taking a magnesium source, a zinc source, an aluminum source, a samarium source, a manganese source, a zirconium source, a silicon source, a calcium source, a strontium source, a silver source, a lanthanum source and a cerium source according to the composition;
1b) smelting a magnesium source and a samarium source to obtain a first mixed molten metal;
1c) mixing a manganese source, a zirconium source, a silicon source, a calcium source, a strontium source, a silver source, a lanthanum source and a cerium source with the first mixed metal liquid obtained in the step 1b) to obtain a second mixed metal liquid;
1d) mixing the second mixed metal liquid, a zinc source and an aluminum source to obtain an alloy liquid;
in the step 1), smelting is carried out under the condition of protective gas, wherein the protective gas is SF with the volume ratio of 1 (50-120)6And CO2；
2) And (2) performing gravity casting on the alloy liquid obtained in the step 1) to obtain the self-foaming porous magnesium alloy containing the rare earth Sm.
4. The preparation method of the self-foaming porous magnesium alloy containing the rare earth Sm according to claim 3, wherein in the step 1), smelting is carried out under the condition of protective gas, and the volume ratio of the protective gas to SF is 1 (50-120)6And CO2The smelting temperature is 680-780 ℃.
5. The method for preparing the spontaneous foaming porous magnesium alloy containing rare earth Sm of claim 3, wherein in the step 1), the magnesium source, the zinc source, the aluminum source, the samarium source, the manganese source, the zirconium source, the silicon source, the calcium source, the strontium source, the silver source, the lanthanum source and the cerium source are preheated to a temperature of 120-400 ℃ before being smelted.
6. The preparation method of the self-foaming porous magnesium alloy containing the rare earth Sm according to claim 3, wherein in the step 1), the samarium source is magnesium samarium master alloy with the mass fraction of samarium being 15% -40%.
7. The method for preparing the self-foaming porous magnesium alloy containing rare earth Sm of claim 3, wherein in step 1c), the mixing time of the manganese source, the zirconium source, the silicon source, the calcium source, the strontium source, the silver source, the lanthanum source, the cerium source and the first mixed molten metal is 5-10 min, the mixing temperature is 720-750 ℃, and in step 1d), the mixing time of the second mixed molten metal, the zinc source and the aluminum source is 10-20 min.
8. The method for preparing the self-foaming porous magnesium alloy containing rare earth Sm of claim 3, wherein in the step 2), before gravity casting of the alloy liquid, the alloy liquid is allowed to stand for 3-80 min, and the temperature of the alloy liquid during standing is 680-780 ℃.
9. The method for preparing the self-foaming porous magnesium alloy containing the rare earth Sm according to claim 3, wherein in the step 2), the mold adopted by gravity casting is a metal mold or a sand mold, and the cooling mode adopted by gravity casting is furnace cooling, air cooling or water cooling.
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