CN112676336A - Method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil by using primary battery driving technology - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil by using a primary battery driving technology, which comprises the steps of adding an organic acid salt solution into the heavy metal contaminated soil for soaking, then inserting a primary battery base material, and taking out a primary battery after repairing is finished; the negative electrode of the primary battery substrate is a zero-valent iron loaded heavy metal adsorbent, the positive electrode of the primary battery substrate is a graphite rod loaded heavy metal adsorbent, the negative electrode is positioned at six vertexes of the regular hexagonal rigid plastic substrate, and the positive electrode is positioned at the central point of the regular hexagonal rigid plastic substrate. The invention provides a method for efficiently removing Cu in soil2+、Cd 2+、Pb2+、Zn 2+Various heavy metals such As As (III, V) and Cr (III, VI) and the like, has the advantages of high removal efficiency, simple and convenient operation, low energy consumption, environmental friendliness and the like, and is convenient to popularize and apply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil by using a primary battery driving technology.
Background
The soil is the foundation for the development of the agricultural industry and also the foundation for meeting the basic material living requirements of people in China. If the soil is contaminated, the quality and yield of the crops are adversely affected. In recent years, the situation of heavy metal contaminated soil is increasingly serious, heavy metal is continuously migrated and converted in the soil and finally is enriched in human bodies and animals and plants, the human health is directly threatened, and in order to promote the long-term development of agricultural health in China and meet the basic survival demand of people, the heavy metal contaminated soil treatment has become an important subject essential for soil research workers.
Heavy metal contamination refers to environmental contamination caused by heavy metals or compounds thereof. The distribution range of heavy metals is very wide, and the heavy metals are in the atmosphere, water sources, soil and the like. Heavy metals are not easy to be leached with water in soil and can not be decomposed by soil microorganisms; on the contrary, organisms can enrich heavy metals, the heavy metals are often gradually accumulated in the soil environment, even some heavy metal elements can be converted into methyl compounds with higher toxicity in the soil, and the methyl compounds can be accumulated in human bodies at harmful concentration through food chains, so that the human health is seriously harmed. Compared with the pollution of water environment, the pollution of heavy metal to the soil environment is more difficult to treat and has more pollution hazard.
At present, the traditional remediation methods still dominate, and the chemical remediation methods are the second ones, which compel soil researchers to search for new soil remediation methods due to the damage to the soil structure and the risk of secondary pollution. The electrochemical remediation method is a new soil remediation technology, has the advantages of environmental friendliness, no damage to the soil structure and the like, and becomes a research hotspot in the current soil remediation field. The existing electric restoration technology is mainly characterized in that an electrode is pumped into polluted soil, an electric field is formed after direct current is applied, organic pollutants, toxic heavy metals and the like in the soil directionally migrate under the electrochemical actions of electromigration, electroosmosis, electrophoresis and the like, and are enriched to an electrode area, and then the organic pollutants, the toxic heavy metals and the like are removed through other methods such as coprecipitation, ion exchange, adsorption and the like. However, the current electric remediation technology still has many problems, so that the technology needs to be enhanced to improve the remediation efficiency of the soil heavy metals.
The Chinese patent application No. 201910087124.0 discloses a method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil based on a primary battery principle, which comprises the following steps: (1) adding an organic acid or salt solution thereof or an inorganic base solution to the contaminated soil; (2) and respectively arranging positive and negative electrodes at two sides of the soil to form a primary battery for discharging, so that heavy metal ions in the soil are transferred to the electrodes and captured, and the remediation of the heavy metal contaminated soil is realized. . The Chinese invention patent application number 201610891459.4 discloses a composite electrode, an electric repair device and an electric repair method for electric repair of heavy metal contaminated soil, belonging to the technical field of heavy metal contaminated soil repair; the composite electrode is formed by a composite material which is formed by conductive media and is coated in a net shape, and the composite material comprises modified sepiolite and modified chitosan.
In order to effectively improve the efficiency of the electric remediation technology for heavy metal soil remediation and reduce energy consumption, a novel electric remediation technology for heavy metal contaminated soil is needed, and further the development of the heavy metal contaminated soil remediation technology is promoted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of high energy consumption, low efficiency and the like of the conventional electric remediation technology for the heavy metal contaminated soil, the invention provides the method for remedying the heavy metal contaminated soil by using the primary battery driving technology, so that the heavy metal in the soil can be efficiently removed, and the method is simple and convenient to operate, environment-friendly and convenient to popularize.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil by using a primary battery driving technology is characterized in that an organic acid salt solution is added into the heavy metal contaminated soil for soaking, then a primary battery base material is inserted, and a primary battery is taken out after the repairing is finished; the negative electrode of the primary battery substrate is a zero-valent iron loaded heavy metal adsorbent, the positive electrode of the primary battery substrate is a graphite rod loaded heavy metal adsorbent, the negative electrode is positioned at six vertexes of the regular hexagonal rigid plastic substrate, and the positive electrode is positioned at the central point of the regular hexagonal rigid plastic substrate; the specific repair method comprises the following steps:
(1) loading zero-valent iron chips into a porous container loaded with a heavy metal adsorbent, inserting an iron rod in the middle of the porous container as a lead, and then installing six porous containers filled with the iron chips at six vertexes of a regular hexagonal rigid plastic base material to serve as a cathode of a primary battery; meanwhile, a graphite rod is used as a primary battery anode and inserted into a porous container, a heavy metal adsorbent is filled in the porous container, then the porous container is arranged at the center point of the regular hexagonal rigid plastic base material, and the graphite anode is kept exposed in the air; obtaining a regular hexagon primary battery substrate;
(2) adding an organic acid salt solution into the heavy metal contaminated soil to obtain soaked heavy metal contaminated soil;
(3) inserting the prepared regular hexagon primary battery base material into the soaked heavy metal contaminated soil, connecting the positive electrode and the negative electrode through a lead, repairing the soil, and taking out the primary battery after the soil is repaired, thereby completing the electric repair of the heavy metal contaminated soil.
Preferably, in the primary battery negative electrode, the heavy metal adsorbent is charcoal.
Preferably, in the positive electrode of the primary battery, the heavy metal adsorbent is one or a combination of more than two of sodium carbonate-supported biochar, potassium carbonate-supported biochar and potassium phosphate-supported biochar.
Preferably, the organic acid salt is one or a combination of more than two of sodium acetate, potassium citrate, sodium fulvate, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate and sodium humate.
Preferably, the diameter of the porous container in step (1) is 5-8 cm.
Preferably, the diameter of the iron rod in the step (1) is 0.4-0.6 cm.
Preferably, the side length of the regular hexagonal rigid plastic substrate in the step (1) is 40-60 cm.
Preferably, the diameter of the graphite rod in the step (1) is 1-2 cm.
Preferably, the molar concentration of the organic acid salt solution in the step (2) is 0.1-1mol/L, the addition amount is 0.3-0.5 times of the weight of the heavy metal contaminated soil, and water is added to maintain the water content of the soil at 45-50%.
Preferably, the distance between the inserted galvanic cell substrates in step (3) is 20-30 cm.
Preferably, the soil remediation time in step (3) is 40-60 days.
Publicly known, among the heavy metal soil pollution case repair technology, electronic repair technology mainly forms voltage gradient through applying direct current electric field at repair soil both sides, makes the heavy metal ion in the soil migrate to the electrode both ends through modes such as electromigration, electroosmosis under the electric field effect to further remove from the soil and realize soil remediation, have normal position easy operation, handle characteristics such as pollutant are various, the restoration is quick, green, nevertheless still have a great deal of problems: on one hand, the electric repair technology has large energy consumption and the needed repair device is complex; on the other hand, the electrokinetic remediation technology has the defects that water decomposition causes the pH value near the cathode to be increased, and heavy metal ions are precipitated when approaching the cathode, so that the removal rate of the heavy metals is reduced. According to the invention, the organic acid salt solution is creatively used for treating the heavy metal contaminated soil, and then the regular hexagon primary battery is used for repairing the soil, so that the repairing efficiency can be obviously improved, and the energy consumption can be reduced.
The invention firstly prepares a regular hexagonal iron-carbon primary battery substrate: firstly, preparing a regular hexagon hard plastic substrate with the side length of 40-60cm, because the distance between two electrodes in soil of the iron-carbon primary battery is 40-60cm, the iron-carbon primary battery can form a strong electrochemical action in the soil, six vertexes of the iron-carbon primary battery are provided with a negative electrode, the center of the iron-carbon primary battery is provided with a positive electrode, the electrodes can be detached, and simultaneously, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are wrapped with a layer of heavy metal adsorbent. Specifically, the negative electrode adopts powdery zero-valent iron chips, the adsorbent material wrapped by the negative electrode is charcoal, and the charcoal is charcoal serving as a soil conditioner, can help plant growth, can be applied to agricultural application and carbon collection and storage, and can effectively adsorb heavy metals; the positive electrode material can be graphite filler, and the wrapped heavy metal adsorption adsorbent is carbonate and phosphate loaded biochar, and can play a role in stabilizing heavy metal ions; the prepared removable electrode of the base material of the primary battery.
Furthermore, before the heavy metal contaminated soil is electrically repaired, an organic acid salt solution is added into the soil, and the organic acid salt can convert the heavy metal in the soil into an effective state by effectively controlling the addition amount, so that the effects of enhancing the conductivity and promoting the electric repairing effect are achieved.
Furthermore, the regular hexagon primary battery base material is inserted into the soaked soil every 20-30cm, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are connected through a lead, and the primary battery is taken out after 40-60 days to complete the electric restoration of the heavy metal polluted soil. Specifically, after the organic acid salt converts heavy metals in soil into an effective state, when the heavy metals are subjected to electric remediation, cations and anions migrate to the negative electrode and the positive electrode under the action of an electric field and are finally captured by the adsorbents on the positive electrode and the negative electrode, so that the removal effect is achieved; since the iron-carbon primary battery can form a strong electrochemical effect in soil when the distance between two electrodes in the soil is 40-60cm, the size of the regular hexagon and the spacing distance of the battery need to be controlled. Because heavy metals in soil mainly exist in a cation form, the heavy metals migrate to the anode under the electrochemical action, and when the heavy metal ions migrate to the graphite anode, the heavy metal ions can be stabilized by carbonate and phosphate loaded biochar in the adsorbent around the anode, and in the repairing process, the graphite anode is kept communicated with the air, so that the anode is always in an aerobic environment, hydroxide radicals generated by the anode in the electrochemical reaction are favorable for stabilizing the heavy metal ions, only negative zero-valent iron and organic acid salt are needed to be supplemented in the soil repairing process, and meanwhile, the soil polluted by the heavy metals can be continuously repaired by replacing the adsorbing materials wrapped by the anode and the cathode. The principle of the primary battery is as follows:
the negative electrode material is subjected to oxidation reaction, positive charges on the surface of the electrode are increased, anions in the soil migrate to the negative electrode and are captured by the adsorbent around the electrode, and then the anions react with ferrous ions to settle on the surface of the porous adsorbent to form precipitates. Taking as (v) as an example, the chemical reaction equation generated by the negative electrode is:
and (3) cathode reaction: fe-2e- → Fe2+
3Fe2+ + 2AsO4 3- → Fe3(AsO4)2↓
The positive electrode is subjected to reduction reaction, negative charges on the surface of the electrode are increased, cations in the soil migrate to the positive electrode and are captured by the adsorbent around the electrode, and then precipitate with carbonate and phosphate in the adsorbent and hydroxide ions formed on the surface of the positive electrode and deposit on the surface of the porous adsorbent. Taking Cu (II), Pb (II) and Cd (II) as examples, the chemical reaction equation generated by the positive electrode is as follows:
positive electrodeReaction: o is2 + 4e- + 2H2O → 4OH-
Cu2+ + 2OH- → Cu(OH)2↓
3Cu2+ + 2PO4 3- → Cu3(PO4)2↓
Pb2+ + 2OH- → Pb(OH)2↓
Pb2+ + CO3 2- → PbCO3↓
According to the invention, the organic acid salt is added to convert heavy metals in soil into an effective state, and anions and cations migrate to the negative electrode and the positive electrode under the action of an electric field and are finally captured by the adsorbents on the positive electrode and the negative electrode, so that the removal effect is achieved.
The existing electric remediation technology for heavy metal contaminated soil has the problems of high energy consumption, low efficiency and the like, and the application of the technology is limited. In view of the above, the invention provides a method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil by using a primary battery driving technology, which comprises the steps of loading zero-valent iron chips into a porous container loaded with a heavy metal adsorbent, and inserting an iron rod in the middle to serve as a lead; six porous containers filled with iron filings are arranged at six vertexes of a regular hexagonal rigid plastic base material to serve as a cathode of the primary battery; inserting graphite serving as a primary battery anode into a porous container, filling a heavy metal adsorbent into the porous container, then installing the porous container at the center of a plastic base material and keeping the graphite anode exposed in the air all the time to form a regular hexagonal primary battery base material; adding an organic acid salt solution into the polluted soil; and (3) inserting the base material of the primary battery into the soaked soil, connecting the anode and the cathode through a lead, and taking out the primary battery after the remediation is finished, so that the electric remediation of the heavy metal contaminated soil can be finished. The invention provides a method for efficiently removing Cu in soil2 +、Cd 2+、Pb2+、Zn 2+Various heavy metals such As As (III, V) and Cr (III, VI) and the like, has the advantages of high removal efficiency, simple and convenient operation, low energy consumption, environmental friendliness and the like, and is convenient to popularize and apply.
The invention provides a method for restoring heavy metal contaminated soil by using a primary battery driving technology, which has the outstanding characteristics and excellent effects compared with the prior art:
1. the method can efficiently remove Cu in the soil2+、Cd 2+、Pb2+、Zn 2+Various heavy metals such As As (III, V) and Cr (III, VI) and the like, and has the advantages of high removal efficiency, simple and convenient operation, low energy consumption, environmental friendliness and the like.
2. The invention adopts the regular hexagon primary battery substrate to form stronger electrochemical action in the soil, and is more beneficial to improving the migration efficiency of heavy metal ions in the soil, thereby improving the efficiency of the primary battery in repairing the heavy metal polluted soil and solving the problem of low single electrode repairing efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the effect diagram of the regular hexagon primary battery of the invention; 1-a regular hexagonal rigid plastic substrate; 2-primary cell negative electrode; 3-primary cell positive electrode; 4-bracket.
FIG. 2: the method of the invention is a schematic diagram of arrangement of the base material of the primary battery in the soil during soil remediation.
FIG. 3: when the heavy metal contaminated soil is repaired in the embodiment 1 and the comparative example 1, the content and the removal rate of the heavy metal in the soil are shown in a change diagram.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made by those skilled in the art and by conventional means without departing from the spirit of the method of the invention described above.
Example 1
(1) Filling zero-valent iron chips into a porous container which is 6cm in diameter and is loaded with biochar, inserting an iron rod with the diameter of 0.5cm in the middle of the container as a lead, and installing six porous containers which are loaded with the iron chips at six top points of a regular hexagonal hard plastic base material with the side length of 50cm as a cathode of a primary battery as shown in figure 1; meanwhile, a graphite rod with the diameter of 1.5cm is used as a primary battery anode and inserted into a porous container with the diameter of 6cm, sodium carbonate is filled to load biochar, then the porous container is installed at the central point of a regular hexagonal hard plastic substrate, the graphite anode is kept exposed in the air all the time, and the graphite anode and six cathodes are fixed through a support to obtain a regular hexagonal primary battery substrate;
(2) adding a sodium acetate solution with the molar concentration of 0.6mol/L into the heavy metal contaminated soil to obtain soaked heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the addition amount of the sodium acetate solution is 0.3 time of the weight of the heavy metal contaminated soil, and keeping the water content of the soil to be 48% after adding water;
(3) and inserting the prepared regular hexagonal primary battery base materials into the soaked heavy metal contaminated soil at an interval of 25cm, wherein the arrangement mode of the primary batteries in the soil is shown in figure 2, connecting the positive electrode and the negative electrode through a lead, repairing the soil, and taking out the primary batteries after 50 days, so that the electric repair of the heavy metal contaminated soil is completed.
Example 2
(1) Filling zero-valent iron chips into a porous container which is 6cm in diameter and is loaded with biochar, inserting an iron rod with the diameter of 0.4cm in the middle of the container as a lead, and then installing six porous containers filled with the iron chips at six top points of a regular-hexagon hard plastic base material with the side length of 45cm as a cathode of a primary battery; meanwhile, a graphite rod with the diameter of 1.2cm is used as the anode of the primary battery and inserted into a porous container with the diameter of 6cm, potassium carbonate is filled to load biochar, then the porous container is arranged at the center point of the regular hexagonal hard plastic substrate, and the graphite anode is kept exposed in the air all the time; fixing the graphite anode and six cathodes by a bracket to obtain a regular hexagon primary battery substrate;
(2) adding a potassium citrate solution with the molar concentration of 0.3mol/L into the heavy metal contaminated soil to obtain soaked heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the addition amount of the potassium citrate solution is 0.4 times of the weight of the heavy metal contaminated soil, and keeping the water content of the soil to be 46% after adding water;
(3) inserting the prepared regular hexagon primary battery base materials into the soaked heavy metal contaminated soil at intervals of 22cm, connecting the positive electrode and the negative electrode through a lead, repairing the soil, and taking out the primary battery after 45 days to finish the electric repair of the heavy metal contaminated soil.
Example 3
(1) Filling zero-valent iron chips into a porous container which is 7cm in diameter and is loaded with biochar, inserting an iron rod with the diameter of 0.6cm in the middle of the container to serve as a lead, and then installing six porous containers filled with the iron chips at six top points of a regular hexagonal rigid plastic substrate with the side length of 55cm to serve as a cathode of a primary battery; meanwhile, a graphite rod with the diameter of 1.8cm is used as the anode of the primary battery and inserted into a porous container with the diameter of 7cm, potassium phosphate loaded with charcoal is filled, then the porous container is arranged at the center point of the regular hexagonal hard plastic substrate, and the graphite anode is kept exposed in the air all the time; fixing the graphite anode and six cathodes by a bracket to obtain a regular hexagon primary battery substrate;
(2) adding a sodium fulvate solution with the molar concentration of 0.8mol/L into the heavy metal contaminated soil to obtain soaked heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the addition amount of the sodium fulvate solution is 0.3 times of the weight of the heavy metal contaminated soil, and the water content of the soil is kept to be 49% after water is added;
(3) inserting the prepared regular hexagon primary battery base materials into the soaked heavy metal contaminated soil at intervals of 28cm, connecting the positive electrode and the negative electrode through a lead, repairing the soil, and taking out the primary battery after 60 days to finish the electric repair of the heavy metal contaminated soil.
Example 4
(1) Filling zero-valent iron chips into a porous container which is 5cm in diameter and is loaded with biochar, inserting an iron rod with the diameter of 0.4cm in the middle of the container as a lead, and then installing six porous containers filled with the iron chips at six top points of a regular hexagonal hard plastic substrate with the side length of 40cm as a cathode of a primary battery; meanwhile, a graphite rod with the diameter of 1cm is used as the anode of the primary battery and inserted into a porous container with the diameter of 5cm, sodium carbonate is filled to load biochar, then the porous container is arranged at the central point of the regular hexagonal hard plastic substrate, and the graphite anode is kept exposed in the air all the time; fixing the graphite anode and six cathodes by a bracket to obtain a regular hexagon primary battery substrate;
(2) adding an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid sodium salt solution with the molar concentration of 0.1mol/L into the heavy metal contaminated soil to obtain soaked heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the addition amount of the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid sodium salt solution is 0.3 times of the weight of the heavy metal contaminated soil, and after water is added, the water content of the soil is kept to be 45%;
(3) inserting the prepared regular hexagon primary battery base materials into the soaked heavy metal contaminated soil at intervals of 20cm, connecting the positive electrode and the negative electrode through a lead, repairing the soil, and taking out the primary battery after 40 days to finish the electric repair of the heavy metal contaminated soil.
Example 5
(1) Filling zero-valent iron chips into a porous container which is 8cm in diameter and is loaded with biochar, inserting an iron rod with the diameter of 0.6cm in the middle of the container to serve as a lead, and then installing six porous containers filled with the iron chips at six top points of a regular hexagonal rigid plastic base material with the side length of 60cm to serve as a cathode of a primary battery; meanwhile, a graphite rod with the diameter of 2cm is used as the anode of the primary battery and inserted into a porous container with the diameter of 8cm, potassium carbonate is filled to load biochar, then the porous container is arranged at the central point of the regular hexagonal hard plastic substrate, and the graphite anode is kept exposed in the air all the time; fixing the graphite anode and six cathodes by a bracket to obtain a regular hexagon primary battery substrate;
(2) adding a sodium humate solution with the molar concentration of 1mol/L into the heavy metal contaminated soil to obtain soaked heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the addition amount of the sodium humate solution is 0.44 times of the weight of the heavy metal contaminated soil, and the water content of the soil is kept to be 50% after water is added;
(3) inserting the prepared regular hexagon primary battery base materials into the soaked heavy metal contaminated soil at intervals of 30cm, connecting the positive electrode and the negative electrode through a lead, repairing the soil, and taking out the primary battery after 60 days to finish the electric repair of the heavy metal contaminated soil.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the example 1, the comparative example 1 has the advantages that the soil is repaired for 50 days by using the single positive and negative primary battery electrodes, the electrochemical effect formed in the soil is weaker without using the primary batteries distributed in the regular hexagon, the migration efficiency of heavy metal ions in the soil is not facilitated, and the repair efficiency of the heavy metal polluted soil is further influenced.
Comparative example 2
(1) Filling zero-valent iron chips into a porous container which is 6cm in diameter and is loaded with biochar, inserting an iron rod with the diameter of 0.5cm in the middle of the container to serve as a lead, and then installing six porous containers filled with the iron chips at six top points of a regular hexagonal rigid plastic substrate with the side length of 50cm to serve as a cathode of a primary battery; meanwhile, a graphite rod with the diameter of 1.5cm is used as a primary battery anode, then the graphite anode is kept exposed in the air at the center of the regular hexagonal rigid plastic base material, and the graphite anode and six cathodes are fixed through a support to obtain a regular hexagonal primary battery base material;
(2) adding a sodium acetate solution with the molar concentration of 0.6mol/L into the heavy metal contaminated soil to obtain soaked heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the addition amount of the sodium acetate solution is 0.3 time of the weight of the heavy metal contaminated soil, and keeping the water content of the soil to be 48% after adding water;
(3) and inserting the prepared regular hexagonal primary battery base materials into the soaked heavy metal contaminated soil at an interval of 25cm, wherein the arrangement mode of the primary batteries in the soil is shown in figure 2, connecting the positive electrode and the negative electrode through a lead, repairing the soil, and taking out the primary batteries after 50 days, so that the electric repair of the heavy metal contaminated soil is completed.
Comparative example 2 sodium carbonate loaded biochar was not filled in the graphite positive electrode, which affects the collection of heavy metals, thereby affecting the removal rate of heavy metals.
The test method comprises the following steps:
and (3) testing the remediation effect of the heavy metal contaminated soil: the test soil is collected from a heavy metal polluted area, and the pH value of the soil is 7.1. The test soil was remediated according to the methods of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 2 of the present invention, the remediated soil target was 100kg, examples 1 to 5 and comparative example 2 were all connected using 7 sets of orthohexagonal galvanic cells, comparative example 1 was conducted using 42 cathode bars and 7 anode bars arranged side by side at intervals (the phase distance was 50cm, 6 cathode bars and 1 anode bar), the soil before and after treatment was tested, the soil was subjected to a leaching test using an inverted oscillator according to the "leaching toxicity leaching method of sulfuric acid and nitric acid" (HJ/T299-2007) which is a solid waste, the concentration of heavy metals (cadmium, arsenic and lead) in the soil before remediation was tested, and the test results are shown in table 1, wherein the remediation effects of examples 1 and comparative example 1 are shown in fig. 3.
Table 1:
as can be seen from table 1 and fig. 3, when the contents of heavy metals cadmium, arsenic, and lead in the original remediation soil are measured by the "leaching toxicity leaching method for sulfuric acid-nitric acid method" (HJ/T299-2007) as solid waste, the contents are 1.14mg/kg, 56mg/kg, and 625mg/kg, which are all higher than the environmental quality of class iii soil of the soil environmental quality standard, the soil remediation materials of examples 1 to 5 of the present invention are used to measure the reduction and removal rate of the contents of cadmium, arsenic, and lead, and the removal effect is higher than the ratio of 1, and the contents of cadmium, arsenic, and lead in the soil after remediation are lower than the environmental quality of class ii soil of the soil environmental standard. Arsenic is a heavy metal which is difficult to remove, the removal rate of arsenic reaches over 64.3 percent by the repairing method, and the repaired soil meets the II-class soil environment quality of the soil environment standard, so that the method for repairing the heavy metal contaminated soil by using the primary battery driving technology can improve the repairing efficiency. Comparative example 2 sodium carbonate loaded biochar was not filled in the graphite positive electrode, which affects the collection of heavy metals, thereby affecting the removal rate of heavy metals.
Claims (9)
1. A method for restoring heavy metal contaminated soil by using a primary battery driving technology is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) loading zero-valent iron chips into a porous container loaded with a heavy metal adsorbent, inserting an iron rod in the middle of the porous container as a lead, and then installing six porous containers filled with the iron chips at six vertexes of a regular hexagonal rigid plastic base material to serve as a cathode of a primary battery; meanwhile, a graphite rod is used as a primary battery anode and inserted into a porous container, a heavy metal adsorbent is filled in the porous container, then the porous container is arranged at the center point of the regular hexagonal rigid plastic base material, and the graphite anode is kept exposed in the air; obtaining a regular hexagon primary battery substrate;
(2) adding an organic acid salt solution into the heavy metal contaminated soil to obtain soaked heavy metal contaminated soil;
(3) inserting the prepared regular hexagon primary battery base material into the soaked heavy metal contaminated soil, connecting the positive electrode and the negative electrode through a lead, repairing the soil, and taking out the primary battery after the soil is repaired, thereby completing the electric repair of the heavy metal contaminated soil.
2. The method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil using a galvanic cell-driven technology as set forth in claim 1,
in the anode of the primary battery, the heavy metal adsorbent is charcoal;
in the positive electrode of the primary battery, the heavy metal adsorbent is one or the combination of more than two of sodium carbonate-loaded biochar, potassium carbonate-loaded biochar and potassium phosphate-loaded biochar;
the organic acid salt is one or the combination of more than two of sodium acetate, potassium citrate, sodium fulvate, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate and sodium humate.
3. The method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil using a galvanic cell-driven technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diameter of the porous container in step (1) is 5-8 cm.
4. The method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil using a galvanic cell-driven technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diameter of the iron rod in step (1) is 0.4-0.6 cm.
5. The method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil using a galvanic cell-driven technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the side length of the regular hexagonal rigid plastic substrate in step (1) is 40-60 cm.
6. The method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil using a galvanic cell-driven technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphite rod in step (1) has a diameter of 1-2 cm.
7. The method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil using a galvanic cell-driven technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic acid salt solution in step (2) has a molar concentration of 0.1-1mol/L, an addition amount of 0.3-0.5 times the weight of the heavy metal contaminated soil, and water is added to maintain the water content of the soil at 45-50%.
8. The method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil using a galvanic cell-driven technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between the inserted galvanic cell substrates in step (3) is 20-30 cm.
9. The method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil using a galvanic cell-driven technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the remediating time of the soil in the step (3) is 40-60 d.
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| CN114433619A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-06 | 南开大学 | Self-assembled electrode for soil carbon emission reduction and application thereof |
| CN114774129A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-22 | 中冶南方都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | Electrolyte for electrically repairing hexavalent chromium polluted soil and electric repairing method |
| CN115287075A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-11-04 | 濮阳天地人环保科技股份有限公司 | Soil remediation catalyst prepared by recycling waste lithium battery material lithium iron phosphate and using method thereof |
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2020
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114433619A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-06 | 南开大学 | Self-assembled electrode for soil carbon emission reduction and application thereof |
| CN114774129A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-22 | 中冶南方都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | Electrolyte for electrically repairing hexavalent chromium polluted soil and electric repairing method |
| CN114774129B (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2024-01-23 | 中冶南方都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | Electrolyte for electrically repairing hexavalent chromium polluted soil and electrically repairing method |
| CN115287075A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-11-04 | 濮阳天地人环保科技股份有限公司 | Soil remediation catalyst prepared by recycling waste lithium battery material lithium iron phosphate and using method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210420 |