CN112670698A - Metal Vivaldi antenna array - Google Patents
Metal Vivaldi antenna array Download PDFInfo
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- CN112670698A CN112670698A CN202011425571.1A CN202011425571A CN112670698A CN 112670698 A CN112670698 A CN 112670698A CN 202011425571 A CN202011425571 A CN 202011425571A CN 112670698 A CN112670698 A CN 112670698A
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a metal Vivaldi antenna array, which comprises a plurality of Vivaldi antenna units and a plurality of one-dimensionally arranged mounting bases; the Vivaldi antenna units are fixed on the one-dimensional arrangement mounting bases to form an antenna array distributed in a rectangular grid manner; a millimeter wave connector is embedded in the mounting base; the feed port of the Vivaldi antenna unit is fixed on the millimeter wave connector; second index gradual change slot lines are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the Vivaldi antenna unit; the Vivaldi antenna unit comprises a Vivaldi antenna unit and a Vivaldi antenna unit, wherein the Vivaldi antenna unit extends downwards along the second exponential gradient slot line; a rectangular matching cavity is formed at the fixing position of the Vivaldi antenna unit and the millimeter wave connector; an antenna resonant cavity is arranged on one side of the rectangular matching cavity close to the interior of the Vivaldi antenna unit; the antenna resonant cavity is connected with the tail end of the first index gradual change slot line on one side. The invention can effectively reduce the production cost of the antenna, is integrally processed at one time and is easy to modularly expand.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a metal Vivaldi antenna array, and belongs to the technical field of antennas.
Background
The Vivaldi antenna is a non-frequency-variable antenna, has the advantages of ultra-wide working frequency band, good radiation directionality and the like, and an antenna array formed by the Vivaldi antenna can be used for a broadband antenna array or a phased array with a broadband scanning angle.
The traditional printed Vivaldi antenna mostly adopts a planar printing structure, metal patches with gradually changed structures are respectively printed on two sides of a medium substrate, and a printed board is fragile and easy to damage, has a complex feed structure, is high in overall manufacturing cost and is inconvenient for modular expansion; on the other hand, when the printed Vivaldi antenna works in a high frequency band (more than 18 GHz), the surface waves can cause scanning blind spots and multi-resonance phenomena, and a waveguide transmission mode is easily formed between the metal patch and the metal floor, so that the radiation efficiency of the antenna is reduced; dielectric loss and dispersion phenomena introduced by the dielectric material in a high-frequency band also restrict the application of the Vivaldi antenna in broadband and high-frequency band occasions; in addition, the printed Vivaldi antenna has a low power capacity and is limited in high power transmission applications.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a metal Vivaldi antenna array to solve the problems of difficult modularization expansion and bandwidth limitation in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a metal Vivaldi antenna array comprises a plurality of Vivaldi antenna units and a plurality of one-dimensional arranged mounting bases; the Vivaldi antenna units are arranged on the fixed bases which are arranged in one dimension to form an antenna array distributed in a rectangular grid manner; a millimeter wave connector is embedded in the mounting base; the feed port of the Vivaldi antenna unit is fixed on the millimeter wave connector; second index gradual change slot lines are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the Vivaldi antenna unit; the Vivaldi antenna unit comprises a Vivaldi antenna unit and a Vivaldi antenna unit, wherein the Vivaldi antenna unit extends downwards along the second exponential gradient slot line; a rectangular matching cavity is formed at the fixing position of the Vivaldi antenna unit and the millimeter wave connector; an antenna resonant cavity is arranged on one side of the rectangular matching cavity close to the interior of the Vivaldi antenna unit; the antenna resonant cavity is connected with the tail end of the first index gradual change slot line on one side.
Further, a feed probe is arranged on the millimeter wave connector; the Vivaldi antenna unit is provided with a solder filling hole; the feed probe is fixed on the solder filling hole.
Further, the diameter of the feed probe is 0.3 mm.
Further, the millimeter wave connector is a millimeter wave coaxial connector.
Furthermore, antenna mounting positioning holes are formed in two ends of the mounting base; the mounting base is mounted on the antenna array mounting plate through the antenna mounting positioning hole to form an array antenna; the bottom of the millimeter wave connector is not in contact with the antenna array mounting plate; the polarization direction of the array antenna is 45 degrees.
Furthermore, the thickness of the Vivaldi antenna unit is 1-1.4 mm.
Furthermore, the antenna resonant cavity is of a cylindrical structure, and the diameter of the cylindrical structure is 1-1.2 mm.
Furthermore, the height of the rectangular matching cavity is 0.45-0.75 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the Vivaldi antenna units are arranged on the mounting base in a rectangular grid distribution mode, a plurality of antenna units are formed and distributed at equal intervals in the one-dimensional direction to form a one-dimensional linear array, the production cost of the antenna can be effectively reduced, the antenna is integrally processed at one time, and the modular expansion is easy; meanwhile, the metal Vivaldi antenna fed by a coaxial structure is easy to match impedance; the antenna index gradual change slot line is composed of two index lines with different gradual change rates, and the dual gradual change rate slot line structure can effectively widen the bandwidth of the antenna and improve the matching characteristic of the antenna, and particularly obviously improves the active standing wave when being applied to an electric scanning array.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Vivaldi antenna array of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the Vivaldi antenna element of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a one-dimensional linear array structure composed of eight-unit Vivaldi antennas of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a Vivaldi antenna element; 2. installing a base; 3. an antenna array mounting plate; 4. a millimeter wave connector; 5. an antenna mounting positioning hole; 6. an antenna resonant cavity; 7. a rectangular matching cavity; 8. a feed probe; 9. a first exponential gradient slotline; 9a, a first metal groove wall; 9b, a second metal groove wall; 10. a second index gradual change slot line; 10a, a third metal groove wall; 10b, a fourth metal groove wall; 11. the solder fills the hole.
Detailed Description
To more clearly illustrate the features and results of the present invention, the following detailed description of the invention is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings which illustrate design embodiments and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a metal Vivaldi antenna array comprises an all-metal Vivaldi antenna unit 1 and a mounting base 2; the Vivaldi antenna units 1 are arranged on the mounting base 2 in a rectangular grid distribution mode, the array is integrally rotated by 45 degrees and is fixed on the antenna array mounting plate 3 through the mounting base 2, and the polarization direction of the array antenna is 45 degrees; the millimeter wave connector 4 is a subminiature push-in millimeter wave coaxial connector SSMP-JHD; the millimeter wave connector 4 is welded at the bottom of each Vivaldi antenna unit 1, and the millimeter wave connector 4 is embedded on the mounting base 2; the millimeter wave connector 4 is not contacted with the antenna array mounting plate 3, so that the feed structure is simple and the index consistency is good; the Vivaldi antenna unit 1, the mounting base 2 and the antenna array mounting plate 3 are all made of brass materials; a rectangular matching cavity 7 is arranged at the joint of the millimeter wave connector 4 and the bottom of the Vivaldi antenna unit 1, and an antenna resonant cavity 6 is arranged on one side, close to the interior of the Vivaldi antenna unit 1, of the rectangular matching cavity 7; two ends of the mounting base 2 are provided with antenna mounting positioning holes 5; the mounting base 2 is mounted on the antenna array mounting plate 3 through the antenna mounting positioning hole 5.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the feeding region of the Vivaldi antenna element 1 includes a millimeter wave connector 4 at the bottom and a rectangular matching cavity 7; the feeding area is located at the bottom of the antenna, a coaxial feeding structure with a simple structure is adopted, the millimeter wave connector 4 and the mounting base 2 are welded, the diameter of a feeding probe 8 of the millimeter wave connector 4 is 0.3mm, and the feeding probe 8 penetrates through the mounting base 2 and extends into a solder filling hole 11 in the Vivaldi antenna unit 1.
A step mounting hole of the millimeter connector 4 is designed in the mounting base 2; the outer conductor of the millimeter wave connector 4 is welded inside the mounting base 2 through solder; the inner conductor of the millimeter wave connector 4 penetrates through the mounting base 2 and is welded on the feed port of the Vivaldi antenna unit 1 through welding materials; integrally milling a plurality of Vivaldi antenna units 1 and an installation base 2 at equal intervals in a one-dimensional direction to form a one-dimensional linear array; the antenna linear array composed of a plurality of Vivaldi antenna units 1 and an installation base 2 is provided with two antenna installation positioning holes 5 at the left side and the right side, the antenna linear array is positioned through the two antenna installation positioning holes 5, and the antenna linear array is arranged at the other dimension at equal intervals to form a metal Vivaldi antenna two-dimensional area array and is installed on an antenna array installation plate 3.
Second index gradual change slot lines 10 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the Vivaldi antenna unit 1; symmetrical first exponential tapered slot lines 9 are arranged on two sides of the Vivaldi antenna unit 1 downwards along the second exponential tapered slot line 10.
The tail end of the first exponential gradual change slot line 9 is connected with the antenna resonant cavity 6, and the head end of the first exponential gradual change slot line 9 is connected with the second exponential gradual change slot line 10; the radiation area is composed of a first exponential gradient slot line 9 and a second exponential gradient slot line 10 with two different gradient rates; wherein, two sides of the first exponential gradual change groove line 9 are a first metal groove wall 9a and a second metal groove wall 9b which are of a symmetrical structure; the two sides of the second exponential gradual change slot line 10 are a third metal slot wall 10a and a fourth metal slot wall 10b which are of symmetrical structures; the double gradient rate slot line structure can effectively widen the bandwidth of the antenna, improve the matching characteristic of the antenna, and particularly obviously improve the active standing wave when an array is electrically scanned.
As shown in fig. 2, the metal Vivaldi antenna unit has a structure in which a first metal slot wall 9a and a second metal slot wall 9b having an exponential gradient β 1 are connected to a mounting base 2; a rectangular matching cavity 7 is arranged between the bottom of the second metal groove wall 9b and the mounting base 2; an antenna resonant cavity 6 is arranged at the bottom of the second metal groove wall 9b at the front end of the rectangular matching cavity 7; the top of the first metal groove wall 9a and the top of the second metal groove wall 9b are respectively provided with a third metal groove wall 10a and a fourth metal groove wall 10b with the gradient rate of beta 2, and the double-gradient rate groove line structure can prevent standing waves of the antenna from generating a resonance peak value in a wide frequency band, reduce discontinuity of the tail end of an antenna unit, improve the matching performance of the antenna, effectively widen the bandwidth of the antenna and improve the matching characteristic of the antenna.
As shown in fig. 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, eight Vivaldi antenna units 1 and eight mounting bases 2 are integrally milled by a high-precision numerical control machine tool and uniformly distributed at equal intervals in one dimension to present a one-dimensional eight-unit metal Vivaldi antenna array, which can effectively reduce the antenna production cost, can be integrally processed at one time, and is easy to modularly expand; the one-dimensional linear array passes through the antenna mounting positioning hole 5, the array is integrally rotated by 45 degrees and fixed on the antenna array mounting plate 3, and the polarization direction of the array antenna is 45 degrees.
The thickness of the Vivaldi antenna unit 1 is 1-1.4 mm, and the length L is about half of the free space wavelength corresponding to the lowest working frequency, namely L is approximately equal to 0.5 lambdaFl(Fl lowest operating frequency);
the first index gradual change slot line 9 and the second index gradual change slot line 10 are antenna radiation structures: the groove line between the left and right exponential gradient lines of the first metal groove wall 9a and the second metal groove wall 9b plays a role in guiding surface current. The ridge curve equation of the first exponential gradient groove line 9 is: y is a1 eβ1·z+ k1 · z, wherein: k1 value is 0.02-0.04, a1 value is 0.18-0.22, beta 1 value is 0.55-0.6, H is about half of the wavelength of free space corresponding to the highest working frequency, i.e. z is not more than H and is about 0.5 lambdaFh(Fh maximum operating frequency);
the curve equation of the second exponential-gradient slotline 10 is: y is a2 eβ2·z+ k2 · z, wherein: z is more than or equal to H and less than or equal to L; the k2 value is between 0.02 and 0.03, the a2 value is between 0.2 and 0.22, and the beta 2 value is between 0.35 and 0.4;
the rectangular matching cavity 7 is an important part for adjusting the impedance of the feed end, and the height of the rectangular matching cavity is 0.45-0.75 mm. The antenna resonant cavity 6 is of a cylindrical structure, is connected with the front end of the rectangular matching cavity 7 to form a cylindrical resonant cavity of 3/4, and mainly plays a role in antenna impedance matching, and the diameter of a circle is 1-1.2 mm.
In summary, in the metal Vivaldi antenna array provided by the invention, the antenna units adopt an all-metal structure, are installed in a 45-degree polarization manner, have a simple feed structure, modularly expand or reduce the number of the array units, and can realize +/-30-degree large-angle beam scanning.
As the embodiment of the invention, the invention adopts 45-degree linear polarization, the electronic scanning of the wave beam can reach +/-30 degrees within the frequency band of 18-40 GHz, and the active standing wave is less than 2.5 degrees. Has important application prospect in the aspects of electronic countermeasure, passive detection, through-wall radar and comprehensive radio frequency aperture. And the manufacturing cost is low, and the miniaturization is easy to realize.
The invention integrally mills and processes a plurality of metal Vivaldi antenna units in a one-dimensional direction at equal intervals to form a one-dimensional linear array, the antenna linear array formed by the plurality of antenna units is provided with two mounting positioning holes at the left side and the right side, and the antenna linear array is positioned by the two positioning holes and arranged at equal intervals in the other dimension to form a metal Vivaldi antenna two-dimensional area array and is mounted on an antenna array mounting plate. The millimeter wave connector feed probe is an inner conductor of the SSMP-JHD, penetrates through a feed structure and a feed matching cavity of the antenna unit and is welded on an antenna feed port by using welding materials; the Vivaldi antenna unit is provided with an index gradual change metal slot, and a metal slot line is an antenna radiation structure; the exponential gradual change metal slot line consists of two exponential slot lines with different gradual change rates; the double gradient rate slot line structure can effectively widen the bandwidth of the antenna, improve the matching characteristic of the antenna, and particularly obviously improve the active standing wave when an array is electrically scanned.
The invention can well solve the problems of low physical strength, complex feed structure and high cost of the printed Vivaldi antenna; the integral milling process of brass material has high heat conducting performance and high power capacity.
The above description is only an example description of the antenna of the present invention provided to the engineer skilled in the field of the present invention, and it should be noted that these descriptions should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive, and should not be construed as limiting in any way, and it is obvious that within the scope of the present invention, simple modifications and optimizations of other embodiments of the antenna of the present invention can be obtained by performing specific adjustment operations on the method and technical contents of the present invention in accordance with the claims of the present invention, and these should be regarded as included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A metal Vivaldi antenna array is characterized by comprising a plurality of Vivaldi antenna units and a plurality of one-dimensional arranged mounting bases; the Vivaldi antenna units are fixed on a plurality of one-dimensional arranged mounting bases to form an antenna array distributed in a rectangular grid manner; a millimeter wave connector is embedded in the mounting base; the feed port of the Vivaldi antenna unit is fixed on the millimeter wave connector; second index gradual change slot lines are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the Vivaldi antenna unit; the Vivaldi antenna unit comprises a Vivaldi antenna unit and a Vivaldi antenna unit, wherein the Vivaldi antenna unit extends downwards along the second exponential gradient slot line; a rectangular matching cavity is formed at the fixing position of the Vivaldi antenna unit and the millimeter wave connector; an antenna resonant cavity is arranged on one side of the rectangular matching cavity close to the interior of the Vivaldi antenna unit; the antenna resonant cavity is connected with the tail end of the first index gradual change slot line on one side.
2. The metallic Vivaldi antenna array as claimed in claim 1, wherein said millimeter wave connector is provided with a feed probe; the Vivaldi antenna unit is provided with a solder filling hole; the feed probe is fixed on the solder filling hole.
3. A metallic Vivaldi antenna array as claimed in claim 2, wherein the diameter of the feed probe is 0.3 mm.
4. A metallic Vivaldi antenna array as claimed in claim 1, wherein said millimeter wave connector is a millimeter wave coaxial connector.
5. The metallic Vivaldi antenna array as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mounting base has antenna mounting positioning holes at both ends; the mounting base is mounted on the antenna array mounting plate through the antenna mounting positioning hole to form an array antenna; the bottom of the millimeter wave connector is not in contact with the antenna array mounting plate; the polarization direction of the array antenna is 45 degrees.
6. The metallic Vivaldi antenna array as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Vivaldi antenna elements have a thickness of 1-1.4 mm.
7. The metallic Vivaldi antenna array of claim 1, wherein the antenna cavity is a cylindrical structure having a diameter of 1-1.2 mm.
8. The metallic Vivaldi antenna array of claim 1, wherein the height of the rectangular matching cavity is 0.45-0.75 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011425571.1A CN112670698A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Metal Vivaldi antenna array |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011425571.1A CN112670698A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Metal Vivaldi antenna array |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112670698A true CN112670698A (en) | 2021-04-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011425571.1A Pending CN112670698A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Metal Vivaldi antenna array |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101699658A (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2010-04-28 | 江苏安特耐科技有限公司 | High-gain broadband omnidirectional antenna used for mobile communication |
| CN110808471A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-18 | 天津大学 | Opposite extension Vivaldi antenna based on gradual change type guide sheet loading |
| CN110994160A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-10 | 南京长峰航天电子科技有限公司 | 6-18GHz 45-degree polarized metal vivaldi antenna array |
-
2020
- 2020-12-08 CN CN202011425571.1A patent/CN112670698A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101699658A (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2010-04-28 | 江苏安特耐科技有限公司 | High-gain broadband omnidirectional antenna used for mobile communication |
| CN110808471A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-18 | 天津大学 | Opposite extension Vivaldi antenna based on gradual change type guide sheet loading |
| CN110994160A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-10 | 南京长峰航天电子科技有限公司 | 6-18GHz 45-degree polarized metal vivaldi antenna array |
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Application publication date: 20210416 |
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