CN112667358A - Management method of virtual machine snapshot, electronic device and computer readable medium - Google Patents
Management method of virtual machine snapshot, electronic device and computer readable medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN112667358A CN112667358A CN202011624758.4A CN202011624758A CN112667358A CN 112667358 A CN112667358 A CN 112667358A CN 202011624758 A CN202011624758 A CN 202011624758A CN 112667358 A CN112667358 A CN 112667358A
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Abstract
The present disclosure provides a management method for virtual machine snapshots, which includes: generating a virtual machine snapshot of a target time point according to virtual machine state information of the target time point stored in a virtual machine copy; the virtual machine copy stores virtual machine state information of at least one time point. The present disclosure also provides an electronic device, a computer readable medium.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the disclosure relates to the technical field of computers, and in particular relates to a management method of a virtual machine snapshot, an electronic device and a computer readable medium.
Background
The virtual machine snapshot refers to copying and saving the state of the virtual machine at a certain moment, so that the system can restore the virtual machine according to the virtual machine snapshot when a problem occurs, or the virtual machine can be restored to the running state at the moment according to the virtual machine snapshot after being started.
The existing virtual machine snapshot technology has the problems of low operation efficiency, poor user experience and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a management method of a virtual machine snapshot, electronic equipment and a computer readable medium.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a management method for a virtual machine snapshot, where the management method includes:
generating a virtual machine snapshot of a target time point according to virtual machine state information of the target time point stored in a virtual machine copy;
the virtual machine copy stores virtual machine state information of at least one time point, and the target time point is one of the at least one time point.
In some embodiments, the virtual machine snapshots comprise disk snapshots and memory snapshots.
In some embodiments, the virtual machine state information of the target time point includes a disk modification location of the target time point, and the step of generating the disk snapshot of the target time point according to the virtual machine state information of the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy includes:
and generating a disk snapshot of the target time point according to the disk modification position of the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy.
In some embodiments, the step of generating the disk snapshot of the target time point according to the disk modification location of the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy includes:
and copying data after the disk modification position in the disk file of the virtual machine to generate a disk snapshot of the target time point.
In some embodiments, the virtual machine state information of the target time point includes a memory modification location of the target time point and a change record of the memory after the target time point, and the step of generating the memory snapshot of the target time point according to the virtual machine state information of the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy includes:
and generating a memory snapshot of the target time point according to the memory modification position of the target time point and the change record of the memory after the target time point, which are stored in the virtual machine copy.
In some embodiments, the step of generating the memory snapshot at the target time point according to the memory modification location at the target time point and the change record of the memory after the target time point, which are stored in the virtual machine copy, includes:
copying a current memory file;
determining a memory file corresponding to the target time point through the copied current memory file according to the memory modification position of the target time point and the change record of the memory after the target time point;
and storing the memory file corresponding to the target time point to generate a memory snapshot of the target time point.
In some embodiments, before the step of generating the virtual machine snapshot of the target time point according to the virtual machine state information of the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy, the management method further includes:
creating the virtual machine copy;
and storing the virtual machine state information of the time point of creating the virtual machine copy in the virtual machine copy.
In some embodiments, after the step of storing, in the virtual machine copy, virtual machine state information of a point in time at which the virtual machine copy was created, the management method further includes:
when a snapshot event occurs, storing virtual machine state information of a time point of occurrence of the snapshot event in the virtual machine copy.
In some embodiments, after the step of generating the virtual machine snapshot of the target time point according to the virtual machine state information of the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy, the management method further includes:
and generating a signal that the virtual machine snapshot of the target time point has been generated.
In some embodiments, the management method further comprises:
adjusting the memory reading position of the virtual machine according to the memory snapshot of the target time point;
adjusting the disk reading position of the virtual machine according to the disk snapshot of the target time point;
and loading the memory snapshot and the disk snapshot so as to restore the virtual machine to the target time point.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, including:
one or more processors;
a memory, on which one or more programs are stored, which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform any one of the above methods for managing virtual machine snapshots;
one or more I/O interfaces connected between the processor and the memory and configured to enable information interaction between the processor and the memory.
In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides a computer readable medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements any one of the above methods for managing a virtual machine snapshot.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a management method of a virtual machine snapshot, an electronic device executing the management method, and a computer-readable medium storing a program capable of implementing the management method. In the management method, a virtual machine copy of the virtual machine is constructed, the virtual machine state information of the time point of the snapshot event is stored in the virtual machine copy, and when the virtual machine is in an idle state, the virtual machine snapshot is generated according to the virtual machine state information stored in the virtual machine copy, so that the automatic generation of the virtual machine snapshot is realized under the condition that the use of a user is not influenced; in the management method, a plurality of virtual machine snapshots can be simultaneously generated according to the virtual machine state information of a plurality of time points; the generated virtual machine snapshot comprises a memory snapshot and a disk snapshot, and the deleted virtual machine can be recovered even if the virtual machine is deleted, so that the user experience is further improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the disclosure and not to limit the disclosure. The above and other features and advantages will become more apparent to those skilled in the art by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a flow chart of a management method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of some steps in another management method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of some steps in a further method of management provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of some steps in a further method of management provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of some steps in a further method of management provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of some steps in a further method of management provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of some steps in a further method of management provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 9 is a block diagram of a computer-readable medium according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present disclosure, the following describes in detail a management method, an electronic device, and a computer-readable medium of a virtual machine snapshot provided in the present disclosure with reference to the drawings.
Example embodiments will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, but which may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
Embodiments of the present disclosure and features of embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present disclosure, and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Through research of the inventor of the embodiment of the present disclosure, it is found that the existing virtual machine snapshots a scene, or snapshots based on a disk, or scene snapshots based on a snapshot technology of the virtual machine itself, but the existing virtual machine snapshot technology has the following problems: after the virtual machine is deleted, the snapshot recovery can not be used any more; the virtual machine snapshot is slow in generation speed, usually needs several seconds, several minutes or even longer, is poor in timeliness, and seriously affects user experience.
In view of the above, in a first aspect, with reference to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a management method for a virtual machine snapshot, where the management method includes:
in step S100, a virtual machine snapshot of a target time point is generated according to virtual machine state information of the target time point stored in a virtual machine copy;
the virtual machine copy stores virtual machine state information of at least one time point, and the target time point is one of the at least one time point.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the virtual machine state information of at least one time point is stored in the virtual machine copy, and each time point corresponds to one snapshot event. The snapshot event refers to a program event that triggers snapshot, and the specific type of the snapshot event is not particularly limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the virtual machine snapshot includes a disk snapshot and a memory snapshot. Step S100 is performed when the virtual machine is in an idle state. That is, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, when a snapshot event occurs, a disk snapshot and a memory snapshot are not generated in synchronization with the snapshot event. When a snapshot event occurs, storing virtual machine state information of a time point at which the snapshot event occurs in the virtual machine copy, generating a virtual machine snapshot based on the virtual machine state information, and when the virtual machine is in an idle device, generating the virtual machine snapshot through step S100. That is, in the disclosed embodiments, the synchronous processing logic of the snapshot event and the virtual machine snapshot is changed to asynchronous processing logic.
Through research by the inventors of the embodiments of the present disclosure, in the prior art, when a virtual machine snapshot needs to be created, the virtual machine generally needs to be stopped, and when a memory file and a disk file which need to be copied are large, the efficiency of the virtual machine snapshot is often low, which causes the virtual machine to be stopped for too long time, and affects user experience. In the embodiment of the disclosure, the synchronous processing logic of the snapshot event and the virtual machine snapshot is changed into the asynchronous processing logic, when the snapshot event occurs, the virtual machine does not need to be stopped for a long time, and when the virtual machine is in an idle state, the virtual machine snapshot is generated by stopping, so that a user does not sense the process of generating the virtual machine snapshot, and the user experience is improved.
It should be further noted that, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the process of constructing the virtual machine copy only needs to temporarily suspend the running of the virtual machine. As an alternative implementation manner, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the virtual machine copy is built by using the virtual machine live migration technology, and the time required for building the virtual machine copy by using the virtual machine live migration technology is in the order of milliseconds, so that the user is unaware of the time. The embodiment of the present disclosure does not particularly limit what virtual machine live migration technique is employed.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the disk snapshot and the memory snapshot of the target time point virtual machine are generated at the same time in step S100, and even after the virtual machine is deleted, the deleted virtual machine can be recovered according to the generated disk snapshot and memory snapshot.
It should be further noted that, when the virtual machine copy stores virtual machine state information at multiple time points, multiple virtual machine snapshots may be generated according to the virtual machine state information at the multiple time points, that is, multiple virtual machine snapshots may be concurrently generated in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
In the management method for the virtual machine snapshot provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the virtual machine copy of the virtual machine is constructed, the virtual machine state information of the time point of the snapshot event is stored in the virtual machine copy, and when the virtual machine is in an idle state, the virtual machine snapshot is generated according to the virtual machine state information stored in the virtual machine copy, so that the automatic generation of the virtual machine snapshot is realized under the condition that the use of a user is not influenced; in the management method, a plurality of virtual machine snapshots can be simultaneously generated according to the virtual machine state information of a plurality of time points; the generated virtual machine snapshot comprises a memory snapshot and a disk snapshot, and the deleted virtual machine can be recovered even if the virtual machine is deleted, so that the user experience is further improved.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the virtual machine is a QEMU virtual machine, and the QEMU virtual machine supports a QCOW2 disk image format. QCOW2 supports Copy-On-Write (COW), i.e., the QCOW2 image only reflects modifications made by the underlying disk image. Therefore, when a snapshot event occurs, the disk modification position at the time point of the occurrence of the snapshot event is marked, and when the virtual machine is in an idle state, the disk snapshot of the virtual machine can be generated according to the disk file in the QCOW2 format, that is, the disk file in the QCOW2 format is copied to the disk modification position at the time point of the marked snapshot event, and then the disk snapshot can be obtained.
Accordingly, in some embodiments, the virtual machine state information of the target time point includes a disk modification location of the target time point, and referring to fig. 2, step S100 includes:
in step S110, a disk snapshot of the target time point is generated according to the disk modification position of the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy.
Accordingly, referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, step S110 includes:
in step S111, data after the disk modification position in the disk file of the virtual machine is copied to generate a disk snapshot of the target time point.
Generating the memory snapshot requires storing all the memory files in the hard disk. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, as an optional implementation manner, when a snapshot event occurs, a modification position of a memory at a time point when the snapshot event occurs is marked in a virtual machine copy, and a change of the memory after the time point when the snapshot event occurs is recorded in the virtual machine copy, when the virtual machine is in an idle state, a memory file at the time point when the snapshot event occurs can be obtained by reverse-deriving according to the recorded change of the memory and a current memory file, so as to generate a memory snapshot at the time point when the snapshot event occurs.
Accordingly, in some embodiments, the virtual machine state information at the target time point includes a memory modification location at the target time point and a memory change record after the target time point, and referring to fig. 2, step S100 includes:
in step S120, a memory snapshot of the target time point is generated according to the memory modification position of the target time point and the change record of the memory after the target time point, which are stored in the virtual machine copy.
Accordingly, referring to fig. 4, in some embodiments, step S120 comprises:
in step S121, copying the current memory file;
in step S122, determining a memory file corresponding to the target time point through the copied current memory file according to the memory modification position of the target time point and the change record of the memory after the target time point;
in step S123, the memory file corresponding to the target time point is stored to generate a memory snapshot of the target time point.
As an optional implementation manner, in step S122, difference back-stepping is performed on the current memory file according to the change record of the memory after the target time point, so as to obtain the memory file at the target time point.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 5, before step S100, the management method further includes:
in step S201, creating the virtual machine copy;
in step S202, virtual machine state information of a point in time when the virtual machine copy is created is stored in the virtual machine copy.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the step S202 stores, in the virtual machine copy, the virtual machine state information at the time point when the virtual machine copy is created, including a change record of the memory after the time point when the virtual machine copy is created. When the virtual machine is in an idle state, each memory snapshot corresponding to each time point can be generated according to the memory change record after the time point of creating the virtual machine copy, so that when a snapshot event occurs, the memory change record after the time point of the snapshot event does not need to be generated for each snapshot event.
As an optional implementation manner, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, in step S201, the virtual machine copy is built by using a virtual machine live migration technique, and the time required for building the virtual machine copy by using the virtual machine live migration technique is in the order of milliseconds, so that the user is unaware. The embodiment of the present disclosure does not particularly limit what virtual machine live migration technique is employed.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, whenever a snapshot event occurs, the virtual machine state information of the time point at which the snapshot event occurs is stored in the virtual machine copy, so as to generate a virtual machine snapshot corresponding to the snapshot event through step S100 when the virtual machine is in an idle state.
Accordingly, referring to fig. 5, in some embodiments, after step S202, the management method further includes:
in step S203, when a snapshot event occurs, virtual machine state information of a point in time at which the snapshot event occurs is stored in the virtual machine copy.
It should be noted that, as an optional implementation manner, if the change record of the memory after the time point when the virtual machine copy is created is stored in the virtual machine copy, in step S203, the change record of the memory after the time point when the snapshot event occurs may not be stored any more, so that the calculation and storage resources are saved, and the efficiency is improved.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the user is notified after the virtual machine snapshot is generated.
Accordingly, referring to fig. 6, in some embodiments, after step S100, the management method further includes:
in step S300, a signal that the virtual machine snapshot of the target time point has been generated is generated.
It should be noted that, the embodiments of the present disclosure do not make any special limitation on how to display the signal. For example, the user may be notified that the virtual machine snapshot has been generated by sending an alert tone, and a message that the virtual machine snapshot has been generated may be displayed through a message window.
As described above, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the disk snapshot and the memory snapshot of the target time point virtual machine are generated, and even after the virtual machine is deleted, the deleted virtual machine can be restored according to the generated disk snapshot and the memory snapshot.
Accordingly, referring to fig. 7, in some embodiments, after step S100, the management method further includes:
in step S401, adjusting a memory reading position of the virtual machine according to the memory snapshot of the target time point;
in step S402, adjusting a disk reading position of the virtual machine according to the disk snapshot of the target time point;
in step S403, the memory snapshot and the disk snapshot are loaded to restore the virtual machine to the target time point.
In a second aspect, referring to fig. 8, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, including:
one or more processors 101;
a memory 102, on which one or more programs are stored, which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement any one of the above methods for managing virtual snapshots;
one or more I/O interfaces 103 coupled between the processor and the memory and configured to enable information interaction between the processor and the memory.
The processor 101 is a device with data processing capability, and includes but is not limited to a Central Processing Unit (CPU) and the like; memory 102 is a device having data storage capabilities including, but not limited to, random access memory (RAM, more specifically SDRAM, DDR, etc.), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), FLASH memory (FLASH); an I/O interface (read/write interface) 103 is connected between the processor 101 and the memory 102, and can realize information interaction between the processor 101 and the memory 102, which includes but is not limited to a data Bus (Bus) and the like.
In some embodiments, the processor 101, memory 102, and I/O interface 103 are interconnected via a bus 104, which in turn connects with other components of the computing device.
The management method of the virtual machine snapshot has been described in detail above, and is not described herein again.
In a third aspect, referring to fig. 9, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer readable medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements any one of the above virtual snapshot management methods.
The management method of the virtual machine snapshot has been described in detail above, and is not described herein again.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that all or some of the steps of the methods, systems, functional modules/units in the devices disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. In a hardware implementation, the division between functional modules/units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may be performed by several physical components in cooperation. Some or all of the physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on computer readable media, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). The term computer storage media includes volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, Digital Versatile Disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can be accessed by a computer. In addition, communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media as known to those skilled in the art.
Example embodiments have been disclosed herein, and although specific terms are employed, they are used and should be interpreted in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. In some instances, features, characteristics and/or elements described in connection with a particular embodiment may be used alone or in combination with features, characteristics and/or elements described in connection with other embodiments, unless expressly stated otherwise, as would be apparent to one skilled in the art. Accordingly, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the disclosure as set forth in the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. A management method for virtual machine snapshots is characterized in that the management method comprises the following steps:
generating a virtual machine snapshot of a target time point according to virtual machine state information of the target time point stored in a virtual machine copy;
the virtual machine copy stores virtual machine state information of at least one time point, and the target time point is one of the at least one time point.
2. The management method according to claim 1, wherein the virtual machine snapshot comprises a disk snapshot and a memory snapshot.
3. The management method according to claim 2, wherein the virtual machine state information of the target time point includes a disk modification location of the target time point, and the step of generating the disk snapshot of the target time point according to the virtual machine state information of the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy includes:
and generating a disk snapshot of the target time point according to the disk modification position of the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy.
4. The management method according to claim 3, wherein the step of generating the disk snapshot of the target time point according to the disk modification location of the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy includes:
and copying data after the disk modification position in the disk file of the virtual machine to generate a disk snapshot of the target time point.
5. The management method according to claim 2, wherein the virtual machine state information at the target time point includes a memory modification location at the target time point and a change record of the memory after the target time point, and the step of generating the memory snapshot at the target time point according to the virtual machine state information at the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy further includes:
and generating a memory snapshot of the target time point according to the memory modification position of the target time point and the change record of the memory after the target time point, which are stored in the virtual machine copy.
6. The management method according to claim 5, wherein the step of generating the memory snapshot of the target time point according to the memory modification location of the target time point and the change record of the memory after the target time point, which are stored in the virtual machine copy, comprises:
copying a current memory file;
determining a memory file corresponding to the target time point through the copied current memory file according to the memory modification position of the target time point and the change record of the memory after the target time point;
and storing the memory file corresponding to the target time point to generate a memory snapshot of the target time point.
7. The management method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein before the step of generating the virtual machine snapshot of the target time point according to the virtual machine state information of the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy, the management method further includes:
creating the virtual machine copy;
and storing the virtual machine state information of the time point of creating the virtual machine copy in the virtual machine copy.
8. The management method according to claim 7, wherein after the step of storing, in the virtual machine copy, virtual machine state information of a point in time at which the virtual machine copy was created, the management method further comprises:
when a snapshot event occurs, storing virtual machine state information of a time point of occurrence of the snapshot event in the virtual machine copy.
9. The management method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein after the step of generating the virtual machine snapshot of the target time point according to the virtual machine state information of the target time point stored in the virtual machine copy, the management method further includes:
and generating a signal that the virtual machine snapshot of the target time point has been generated.
10. The management method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the management method further comprises:
adjusting the memory reading position of the virtual machine according to the memory snapshot of the target time point;
adjusting the disk reading position of the virtual machine according to the disk snapshot of the target time point;
and loading the memory snapshot and the disk snapshot so as to restore the virtual machine to the target time point.
11. An electronic device, comprising:
one or more processors;
a storage device having one or more programs stored thereon, which when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the management method according to any one of claims 1 to 10;
one or more I/O interfaces connected between the processor and the memory and configured to enable information interaction between the processor and the memory.
12. A computer-readable medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the management method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
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