CN109445861A - System start method, device, computer installation and storage medium - Google Patents
System start method, device, computer installation and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN109445861A CN109445861A CN201811218034.2A CN201811218034A CN109445861A CN 109445861 A CN109445861 A CN 109445861A CN 201811218034 A CN201811218034 A CN 201811218034A CN 109445861 A CN109445861 A CN 109445861A
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- subregion
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- catalogue
- file system
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/4401—Bootstrapping
- G06F9/4406—Loading of operating system
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of system start method, comprising: judges whether linux system starts init process；When the linux system starts init process, the second subregion other than first subregion described in first subregion belonging to root file system in the computer installation and the computer installation is passed through into the repertory catalogue of union file system technology carry to startup file system, wherein, the carry attribute of first subregion be it is read-only, the carry attribute of second subregion is writeable；The root of the linux system is switched to the repertory catalogue, the linux system obtains the root file system from the repertory catalogue and carries out starting operation.The invention also discloses a kind of system starting device, computer installation and computer readable storage mediums.The present invention can be written and read root file system, and root file system is kept to be not modified, the stability when safety and linux system for improving root file system are run.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to operation system technology field more particularly to a kind of system start method, device, computer installation and
Storage medium.
Background technique
With the development of technology, linux system using more and more extensive, linux system needs carry on startup
Linux root file system (i.e. root file system), catalogue necessary to root file system contains Linux on startup and text
Part.
In the prior art, in order to after linux system starts, enable the upper-layer service program on operating system right
Root file system is read and is write, can be by the subregion where root file system with can WriteMode in linux system start-up course
Carry is to root.However, in this case, if upper-layer service program has carried out the write operation of mistake to root file system,
Or malicious modification, or be maloperation etc., irreversible damage may be all formed to root file system, lead to Linux
System crash can not start next time.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing, it is necessary to which a kind of system start method, device, computer installation and storage medium, energy are provided
It is enough that root file system is written and read, and root file system is kept to be not modified, improve root file system safety and
Stability when linux system is run.
The present invention provides a kind of system start method, which comprises
Judge whether linux system starts init process；
When the linux system starts init process, by first point belonging to root file system in the computer installation
The second subregion other than first subregion described in area and the computer installation passes through union file system technology carry to starting
The repertory catalogue of file system, wherein the carry attribute of first subregion be it is read-only, the carry attribute of second subregion is
It is writeable；
The root of the linux system is switched to the repertory catalogue, the linux system is from the repertory catalogue
It obtains the root file system and carries out starting operation.
It is described by the first subregion belonging to root file system in the computer installation and institute in the optional implementation of the present invention
It states the second subregion other than the first subregion described in computer installation and passes through union file system technology carry to startup file system
The repertory catalogue of system, wherein the carry attribute of first subregion be it is read-only, the carry attribute of second subregion be it is writeable,
Include:
The first mount point file and the second mount point file are created in the startup file system；
First subregion belonging to root file system in the computer installation is hung with readable manner carry to described first
Loading point file, by the second subregion of the computer installation with can WriteMode carry to the second mount point file；
The first mount point file is opened by AUFS technology carry to described with the second mount point file
Repertory catalogue in dynamic file system.
In alternative embodiment of the present invention, the method also includes:
The write operation received for the root file system instructs；
Root file system is obtained under the repertory catalogue according to write operation instruction and carries out write operation, is write by described
Obtained written document is operated to be stored under the repertory catalogue；
If it is abnormal to detect that the written document exists, the written document is deleted under the repertory catalogue.
In the optional implementation of the present invention, the method also includes:
If detecting, the linux system is abnormal, formats second subregion.
In the optional implementation of the present invention, second subregion by the computer installation with can WriteMode carry to described
After second mount point file, further includes:
Judge the whether successful carry of second subregion to the second mount point file；
If the failed carry of the second subregion formats second subregion, holds to the second mount point file
Row second subregion by the computer installation with can WriteMode carry to the second mount point file the step of.
In alternative embodiment of the present invention, second subregion is the size according to the storage medium of the computer installation
The subregion or second subregion being pre-created are the subregions being pre-created according to history write operation size.
The present invention provides also a kind of system starting device, and described device includes:
Judgment module, for judging whether linux system starts init process；
Carry module, for starting init process when the linux system, by root file system in the computer installation
The second subregion other than first subregion described in affiliated the first subregion and the computer installation passes through union file system skill
Art carry to startup file system repertory catalogue, wherein the carry attribute of first subregion be read-only, second subregion
Carry attribute be it is writeable；
Switching module, for the root of the linux system to be switched to the repertory catalogue, the linux system
The root file system, which is obtained, from the repertory catalogue carries out starting operation.
In alternative embodiment of the present invention, the carry module is specifically used for:
The first mount point file and the second mount point file are created in the startup file system；
First subregion belonging to root file system in the computer installation is hung with readable manner carry to described first
Loading point file, by the second subregion of the computer installation with can WriteMode carry to the second mount point file；
The first mount point file is opened by AUFS technology carry to described with the second mount point file
Repertory catalogue in dynamic file system.
In alternative embodiment of the present invention, described device further includes the first repair module, and first repair module is used for:
The write operation received for the root file system instructs；
Root file system is obtained under the repertory catalogue according to write operation instruction and carries out write operation, is write by described
Obtained written document is operated to be stored under the repertory catalogue；
If it is abnormal to detect that the written document exists, the written document is deleted under the repertory catalogue.
In alternative embodiment of the present invention, described device further includes the second repair module, and second repair module is used for:
If detecting, the linux system is abnormal, formats second subregion.
In alternative embodiment of the present invention, described device further includes trigger module, and the trigger module is used for:
By the second subregion of the computer installation can sentence after WriteMode carry to the second mount point file
The whether successful carry of second subregion that breaks is to the second mount point file；
If the failed carry of the second subregion formats second subregion, touching to the second mount point file
Send out carry module described by the second subregion of the computer installation with can WriteMode carry to the second mount point file.
In alternative embodiment of the present invention, second subregion is the size according to the storage medium of the computer installation
The subregion or second subregion being pre-created are the subregions being pre-created according to history write operation size.
The present invention also provides a kind of computer installation, the computer installation includes memory and processor, the storage
Device is for storing at least one instruction, and the processor is for executing at least one described instruction to realize institute in any embodiment
The system start method stated.
The present invention also provides a kind of computer readable storage mediums, which is characterized in that the computer readable storage medium
It is stored at least one instruction, at least one described instruction realizes that system described in any embodiment opens when being executed by processor
Dynamic method.
Found out by above technical scheme, the present invention is applied to computer installation, by judging whether linux system starts
Init process；When the linux system starts init process, by first point belonging to root file system in the computer installation
The second subregion other than first subregion described in area and the computer installation passes through union file system technology carry to starting
The repertory catalogue of file system, wherein the carry attribute of first subregion be it is read-only, the carry attribute of second subregion is
It is writeable；The root of the linux system is switched to the repertory catalogue, the linux system is obtained from the repertory catalogue
The root file system is taken to carry out starting operation.Due to will be first belonging to root file system by union file system technology
The second subregion carry other than subregion and the first subregion to startup file system repertory catalogue, and by the root mesh of linux system
Record is switched to repertory catalogue, and linux system is started by obtaining the root file system in repertory catalogue.Together
When, due to the first subregion carry attribute be it is read-only, then linux system starting after, can by repertory catalogue read be hung
The root file system in the first subregion carried；Due to the carry attribute of the second subregion be it is writeable, can be based on reading
Root file system carries out write operation and is stored in the second subregion.It, can be to root file system to realize after Linux starting
It is written and read purpose, since the root file system in the first subregion will not be directly modified always, it is achieved that maintaining root
The purpose that file system is not modified improves the safety of root file system, avoid the occurrence of linux system collapse or can not be again
The problem of secondary starting, so as to improve stability when linux system operation.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The embodiment of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of system start method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram of system starting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the computer installation for the preferred embodiment that the present invention realizes system start method.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a kind of flow charts of system start method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.It is of the present invention
System start method can be applied to computer installation, the sequence of step can change in the flow chart according to different requirements,
Certain steps can be omitted.
S11, judges whether linux system starts init process.
Wherein, init process is first process of linux kernel starting, and all processes in Linux are all by init
Process creation is simultaneously run, therefore init process is that linux system runs most basic process.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, judge whether linux system starts init process and can determine that linux system is in
Starting state.
S12: when the linux system starts init process, by belonging to root file system in the computer installation the
The second subregion other than first subregion described in one subregion and the computer installation passes through union file system technology carry extremely
The repertory catalogue of startup file system, wherein the carry attribute of first subregion is read-only, the carry category of second subregion
Property to be writeable.
In embodiments of the present invention, after linux system starts init process, the operation of S12 and S13 is executed, i.e.,
In init process, the operation of S12 and S13 is executed.
Wherein, above-mentioned computer installation can be the electronic equipment that can arbitrarily carry (SuSE) Linux OS, for example, clothes
Business device, laptop, video camera etc..Meanwhile including storage medium in computer installation, for example, flash memory (Flash), hard disk.
In the present embodiment, for computer installation, there can be at least two subregions.Subregion refers to a storage medium
The division for carrying out storage region allows each storage region after dividing to carry out the storages of data respectively.It is obtained after division
Each storage region can be known as a subregion.
File system is that the mechanism of tissue is carried out to the data on a storage medium, file, and root file system is a kind of
File system, can be there are many file system in linux system.
The first subregion belonging to root file system refers in computer installation: root file system is stored in computer installation
A subregion.Also, the carry attribute of the first subregion be it is read-only, i.e. the first subregion is with read-only mode carry, then after carry,
The subregion can only be read, i.e., can only read the data in the subregion.
The second subregion in computer installation other than the first subregion can be its in computer installation other than the first subregion
His any one subregion.Also, the carry attribute of the second subregion be it is writeable, i.e. the second subregion with can WriteMode carry, then carry
After, write operation can be carried out in the second subregion, it can the preservation of data is carried out in the second subregion.
Meanwhile second the file system type of subregion can be identical as the file system type of the first subregion, can also be with
The file system type of first subregion is different.
In a kind of possible embodiment, the second subregion can be preparatory according to the size of the storage medium of computer installation
The subregion of creation.
Specifically, when the size of the storage medium of computer installation is greater than capacity threshold, the second subregion of creation, second point
The memory capacity in area is identical as the memory capacity of the first subregion belonging to root file system in computer installation；Work as computer installation
The size of storage medium when being less than capacity threshold, create the second subregion, the memory capacity of the second subregion is in computer installation
The half or a quarter of the memory capacity of first subregion belonging to root file system.
Since the second subregion is for saving the obtained data of the write operation of root file system, and computer installation
Storage medium it is smaller when, in order to guarantee to be able to carry out other data storage (such as the operation data of user, when equipment is run
The data got), the memory capacity of the second subregion can be determined as root in computer installation when dividing the second subregion
The half or a quarter of the memory capacity of first subregion belonging to file system avoid the second partitioned storage capacity mistake
Lead to other memory space inadequates greatly, while avoiding the situations such as system Caton, collapse caused by other memory space inadequates.
In alternatively possible embodiment, the second subregion can be point being pre-created according to history write operation size
Area.
Above-mentioned history write operation size, which can be, carries out obtained by write operation root file system within past a period of time
The size of the data arrived, history write operation size can be used for predicting that the obtained number of write operation will be carried out to root file system
According to size.
Then by the way that the second subregion is pre-created according to history write operation size, second can be made when creating the second subregion
The memory capacity of subregion is more reasonable, in the case where guaranteeing that there is the second subregion sufficient space to store data to be written, avoids storing
The waste in space.
In the present embodiment, carry is alternatively referred to as mount, specifically, carry is to make a subregion and a directory associates
The content in subregion can be operated by obtaining.When it is implemented, can realize carry by executing mount order.
Above-mentioned union file system (Union File System) technology is that a kind of catalogue of different physical locations merges extension
The content of multiple files is merged together by the technology being downloaded in the same catalogue, then can pass through combined file
Check the file stored under the catalogue of different physical locations.
File system when above-mentioned startup file system is linux system starting for starting, specifically, startup file system
System can be initramfs file system.Above-mentioned repertory catalogue can be a preassigned mesh in startup file system
The either newly-built catalogue of record.Due to can read the content in startup file system when linux system starts, therefore, at this
In embodiment, the first subregion and the second subregion are passed through into the catalogue in union file system technology carry to startup file system
Under.
When it is implemented, can be realized by executing the corresponding order of combined paper technology by the first subregion and second point
Area's carry to startup file system repertory catalogue operation.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the S12 is by first point belonging to root file system in the computer installation
The second subregion other than first subregion described in area and the computer installation passes through union file system technology carry to starting
The repertory catalogue of file system, wherein the carry attribute of first subregion be it is read-only, the carry attribute of second subregion is
It is writeable, may include:
The first mount point file and the second mount point file are created in the startup file system；
First subregion belonging to root file system in the computer installation is hung with readable manner carry to described first
Loading point file, by the second subregion of the computer installation with can WriteMode carry to the second mount point file；
The first mount point file is opened by AUFS technology carry to described with the second mount point file
Repertory catalogue in dynamic file system.
In the present embodiment, the first mount point file is the file for the first subregion of carry, the second mount point text
Part folder is the file for the second subregion of carry.
Specifically, the first subregion is with readable manner carry to the first mount point file, the second subregion with can WriteMode hang
It is loaded onto the second mount point file.In implementation process, when the second subregion of carry, specified by the carry attribute of the second subregion
When being writeable, also it is appointed as together readable.
For example, hda1 indicates that the first subregion, hda2 indicate that the second subregion, file1 indicate the first mount point file,
File2 indicates the second mount point file, then #mount-o ro/dev/hda1/file1 is executed, by the first subregion hda1 with only
Read mode carry is to the first mount point file file1.
Meanwhile #mount-o rw/dev/hda2/file2 is executed by the second subregion hda2 with readable WriteMode carry to the
Two mount point file file2.
AUFS (advanced multi-layered unification filesystem) technology is a kind of combined paper
Systems technology, alternatively referred to as Advance UnionFS.
For example, the entitled aufs_root of repertory catalogue, then execute #mount-t aufs-o br=./file1:./
File2none./aufs_root is realized the first mount point file file1 and the second mount point file file2 carry extremely
Repertory catalogue aufs_root.
It include file in the second mount point file file2 in a mount point file file1 if then including file a and b
C can check file a in the file checked in repertory catalogue aufs_root catalogue at repertory catalogue aufs_root, text
Part b and file c.
By arriving above, can arrive after the first mount point file and the second mount point file are carried out carry,
Under repertory catalogue, the content in the root file system and the second mount point file in the first mount point file is carried out
Merge, and can be read out by content of the repertory catalogue to the first mount point file, to the second mount point file
Content be written and read.
In a kind of possible embodiment, by the second subregion of the computer installation with can WriteMode carry to described
After two mount point files, further includes:
Judge the whether successful carry of second subregion to the second mount point file；
If the failed carry of the second subregion formats second subregion, holds to the second mount point file
Row second subregion by the computer installation with can WriteMode carry to the second mount point file the step of.
In the present embodiment, by the second subregion, with can be after WriteMode carry to the second mount point file, judgement be
No success carry.The mode of judgement can be according to the carry feedback message that receives, come determine the second subregion whether carry at
Second subregion is formatted, is hung again after formatting the second subregion when the non-carry success of the second subregion by function
It carries.
In the present embodiment, by the judgement to the second subregion carry success or not, and the non-carry of the second subregion at
When function, solve the problems, such as that carry is unsuccessful in time, it can be ensured that the second subregion has succeeded carries out subsequent operation after carry again.It avoids
It is subsequent by after the first mount point file and the second mount point file carry to repertory catalogue, but can not will be in the first subregion
The problem of content merges with the content in the second subregion.
S13: being switched to the repertory catalogue for the root of the linux system, and the linux system is from the joint
Catalogue obtains the root file system and carries out starting operation.
Wherein, the root directory of linux system be " ", each file and catalogue are from root in linux system
Start, i.e., each file and catalogue are present under root in linux system, and the root of linux system is Linux
The first grade file structure of system.It meanwhile also including the file started for starting Linux under root.
The root of linux system is switched to repertory catalogue, then linux system is obtained from repertory catalogue
Root file system carries out further starting operation.
Further, in other embodiments of the present invention, the method also includes:
The write operation received for the root file system instructs；
Root file system is obtained under the repertory catalogue according to write operation instruction and carries out write operation, is write by described
Obtained written document is operated to be stored under the repertory catalogue；
If it is abnormal to detect that the written document exists, the written document is deleted under the repertory catalogue.
Specifically, due to the technical characteristic of union file system, it is available to the first partitioned storage from repertory catalogue
Data and the second partitioned storage data.It therefore, can be from the file to be modified obtained under repertory catalogue in root file system
Write operation is carried out, and the written document obtained by write operation can be stored under repertory catalogue, wherein obtain by write operation
Written document can substantially be stored in the first subregion.
Above-mentioned written document occurs abnormal may be that written document has carried out that malice is distorted or situations such as written document is destroyed leads
It has caused written document to occur abnormal, has then at this time deleted written document under repertory catalogue, substantially, in written document under repertory catalogue
When deletion, written document is deleted from the first subregion.
Through this embodiment, when carrying out write operation, not only the All Files in available root file system are repaired
Change, and modified obtained modification file will not cover or modify primitive root file system.Meanwhile if modification file occurs
Exception then can delete on the basis of not influencing primitive root file system and abnormal file occur and delete, improve root file
The stability of the safety of system and linux system operation.
Further, in other embodiments of the present invention, the method also includes:
If detecting, the linux system is abnormal, formats second subregion.
In the present embodiment, when detecting linux system exception, since the preservation of the first subregion is unmodified
The root file system of Linux, and what the second subregion saved is to the modified modification file of root file system, then in order to will modify
The mistake that file causes linux system exception occur is repaired, and the second subregion is formatted, what root file system was done in deletion
Modification, due to not covered to initial root file system, Linux can be restored to initial version.
Through this embodiment, linux system can quickly be restored in linux system exception, then linux system is also
It remains to continue to use after original, improves fault-tolerant ability when linux system operation.
System start method provided by the invention is applied to computer installation, by judging whether linux system starts
Init process；When the linux system starts init process, by first point belonging to root file system in the computer installation
The second subregion other than first subregion described in area and the computer installation passes through union file system technology carry to starting
The repertory catalogue of file system, wherein the carry attribute of first subregion be it is read-only, the carry attribute of second subregion is
It is writeable；The root of the linux system is switched to the repertory catalogue, the linux system is obtained from the repertory catalogue
The root file system is taken to carry out starting operation.Due to will be first belonging to root file system by union file system technology
The second subregion carry other than subregion and the first subregion to startup file system repertory catalogue, and by the root mesh of linux system
Record is switched to repertory catalogue, and linux system is started by obtaining the root file system in repertory catalogue.Together
When, due to the first subregion carry attribute be it is read-only, then linux system starting after, can by repertory catalogue read be hung
The root file system in the first subregion carried；Due to the carry attribute of the second subregion be it is writeable, can be based on reading
Root file system carries out write operation and is stored in the second subregion.It, can be to root file system to realize after Linux starting
It is written and read purpose, since the root file system in the first subregion will not be directly modified always, it is achieved that maintaining root
The purpose that file system is not modified improves the safety of root file system, avoid the occurrence of linux system collapse or can not be again
The problem of secondary starting, so as to improve stability when linux system operation.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram of system starting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.The system opens
Dynamic device includes judgment module 210, carry module 220 and switching module 230.The so-called module of the present invention refers to that one kind can be by
The processor of computer installation is performed and can complete the series of computation machine program segment of fixed function, is stored in calculating
In the memory of machine device.In the present embodiment, it will be described in detail in subsequent embodiment about the function of each module.
Judgment module 210, for judging whether linux system starts init process.
Wherein, init process is first process of linux kernel starting, and all processes in Linux are all by init
Process creation is simultaneously run, therefore init process is that linux system runs most basic process.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, judge whether linux system starts init process and can determine that linux system is in
Starting state.
Carry module 220, for starting init process when the linux system, by root file in the computer installation
The second subregion other than first subregion described in first subregion and the computer installation belonging to system passes through combined paper system
System technology carry to startup file system repertory catalogue, wherein the carry attribute of first subregion be it is read-only, described second
The carry attribute of subregion is writeable.
In embodiments of the present invention, after linux system starts init process, carry module 220 and switching module 230
Operation is executed, i.e., in init process, carry module 220 and switching module 230 execute operation.
Wherein, above-mentioned computer installation can be the electronic equipment that can arbitrarily carry (SuSE) Linux OS, for example, clothes
Business device, laptop, video camera etc..Meanwhile including storage medium in computer installation, for example, flash memory (Flash), hard disk.
In the present embodiment, for computer installation, there can be at least two subregions.Subregion refers to a storage medium
The division for carrying out storage region allows each storage region after dividing to carry out the storages of data respectively.It is obtained after division
Each storage region can be known as a subregion.
File system is that the mechanism of tissue is carried out to the data on a storage medium, file, and root file system is a kind of
File system, can be there are many file system in linux system.
The first subregion belonging to root file system refers in computer installation: root file system is stored in computer installation
A subregion.Also, the carry attribute of the first subregion be it is read-only, i.e. the first subregion is with read-only mode carry, then after carry,
The subregion can only be read, i.e., can only read the data in the subregion.
The second subregion in computer installation other than the first subregion can be its in computer installation other than the first subregion
His any one subregion.Also, the carry attribute of the second subregion be it is writeable, i.e. the second subregion with can WriteMode carry, then carry
After, write operation can be carried out in the second subregion, it can the preservation of data is carried out in the second subregion.
Meanwhile second the file system type of subregion can be identical as the file system type of the first subregion, can also be with
The file system type of first subregion is different.
In a kind of possible embodiment, the second subregion can be preparatory according to the size of the storage medium of computer installation
The subregion of creation.
Specifically, when the size of the storage medium of computer installation is greater than capacity threshold, the second subregion of creation, second point
The memory capacity in area is identical as the memory capacity of the first subregion belonging to root file system in computer installation；Work as computer installation
The size of storage medium when being less than capacity threshold, create the second subregion, the memory capacity of the second subregion is in computer installation
The half or a quarter of the memory capacity of first subregion belonging to root file system.
Since the second subregion is for saving the obtained data of the write operation of root file system, and computer installation
Storage medium it is smaller when, in order to guarantee to be able to carry out other data storage (such as the operation data of user, when equipment is run
The data got), the memory capacity of the second subregion can be determined as root in computer installation when dividing the second subregion
The half or a quarter of the memory capacity of first subregion belonging to file system avoid the second partitioned storage capacity mistake
Lead to other memory space inadequates greatly, while avoiding the situations such as system Caton, collapse caused by other memory space inadequates.
In alternatively possible embodiment, the second subregion can be point being pre-created according to history write operation size
Area.
Above-mentioned history write operation size, which can be, carries out obtained by write operation root file system within past a period of time
The size of the data arrived, history write operation size can be used for predicting that the obtained number of write operation will be carried out to root file system
According to size.
Then by the way that the second subregion is pre-created according to history write operation size, second can be made when creating the second subregion
The memory capacity of subregion is more reasonable, in the case where guaranteeing that there is the second subregion sufficient space to store data to be written, avoids storing
The waste in space.
In the present embodiment, carry is alternatively referred to as mount, specifically, carry is to make a subregion and a directory associates
The content in subregion can be operated by obtaining.When it is implemented, can realize carry by executing mount order.
Above-mentioned union file system (Union File System) technology is that a kind of catalogue of different physical locations merges extension
The content of multiple files is merged together by the technology being downloaded in the same catalogue, then can pass through combined file
Check the file stored under the catalogue of different physical locations.
File system when above-mentioned startup file system is linux system starting for starting, specifically, startup file system
System can be initramfs file system.Above-mentioned repertory catalogue can be a preassigned mesh in startup file system
The either newly-built catalogue of record.Due to can read the content in startup file system when linux system starts, therefore, at this
In embodiment, the first subregion and the second subregion are passed through into the catalogue in union file system technology carry to startup file system
Under.
When it is implemented, can be realized by executing the corresponding order of combined paper technology by the first subregion and second point
Area's carry to startup file system repertory catalogue operation.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the carry module 220 can be specifically used for:
The first mount point file and the second mount point file are created in the startup file system；
First subregion belonging to root file system in the computer installation is hung with readable manner carry to described first
Loading point file, by the second subregion of the computer installation with can WriteMode carry to the second mount point file；
The first mount point file is opened by AUFS technology carry to described with the second mount point file
Repertory catalogue in dynamic file system.
In the present embodiment, the first mount point file is the file for the first subregion of carry, the second mount point text
Part folder is the file for the second subregion of carry.
Specifically, the first subregion is with readable manner carry to the first mount point file, the second subregion with can WriteMode hang
It is loaded onto the second mount point file.In implementation process, when the second subregion of carry, specified by the carry attribute of the second subregion
When being writeable, also it is appointed as together readable.
For example, hda1 indicates that the first subregion, hda2 indicate that the second subregion, file1 indicate the first mount point file,
File2 indicates the second mount point file, then #mount-o ro/dev/hda1/file1 is executed, by the first subregion hda1 with only
Read mode carry is to the first mount point file file1.
Meanwhile #mount-o rw/dev/hda2/file2 is executed by the second subregion hda2 with readable WriteMode carry to the
Two mount point file file2.
AUFS (advanced multi-layered unification filesystem) technology is a kind of combined paper
Systems technology, alternatively referred to as Advance UnionFS.
For example, the entitled aufs_root of repertory catalogue, then execute #mount-t aufs-o br=./file1:./
File2none./aufs_root is realized the first mount point file file1 and the second mount point file file2 carry extremely
Repertory catalogue aufs_root.
It include file in the second mount point file file2 in a mount point file file1 if then including file a and b
C can check file a in the file checked in repertory catalogue aufs_root catalogue at repertory catalogue aufs_root, text
Part b and file c.
By arriving above, can arrive after the first mount point file and the second mount point file are carried out carry,
Under repertory catalogue, the content in the root file system and the second mount point file in the first mount point file is carried out
Merge, and can be read out by content of the repertory catalogue to the first mount point file, to the second mount point file
Content be written and read.
In a kind of possible embodiment, described device further includes trigger module, and the trigger module is used for
By the second subregion of the computer installation can sentence after WriteMode carry to the second mount point file
The whether successful carry of second subregion that breaks is to the second mount point file；
If the failed carry of the second subregion formats second subregion, touching to the second mount point file
Send out carry module described by the second subregion of the computer installation with can WriteMode carry to the second mount point file.
In the present embodiment, by the second subregion, with can be after WriteMode carry to the second mount point file, judgement be
No success carry.The mode of judgement can be according to the carry feedback message that receives, come determine the second subregion whether carry at
Second subregion is formatted, is hung again after formatting the second subregion when the non-carry success of the second subregion by function
It carries.
In the present embodiment, by the judgement to the second subregion carry success or not, and the non-carry of the second subregion at
When function, solve the problems, such as that carry is unsuccessful in time, it can be ensured that the second subregion has succeeded carries out subsequent operation after carry again.It avoids
It is subsequent by after the first mount point file and the second mount point file carry to repertory catalogue, but can not will be in the first subregion
The problem of content merges with the content in the second subregion.
Switching module 230, for the root of the linux system to be switched to the repertory catalogue, the Linux system
System obtains the root file system from the repertory catalogue and carries out starting operation.
Wherein, the root directory of linux system be " ", each file and catalogue are from root in linux system
Start, i.e., each file and catalogue are present under root in linux system, and the root of linux system is Linux
The first grade file structure of system.It meanwhile also including the file started for starting Linux under root.
The root of linux system is switched to repertory catalogue, then linux system is obtained from repertory catalogue
Root file system carries out further starting operation.
Further, in other embodiments of the present invention, described device further includes the first repair module, and described first repairs
Module is used for:
The write operation received for the root file system instructs；
Root file system is obtained under the repertory catalogue according to write operation instruction and carries out write operation, is write by described
Obtained written document is operated to be stored under the repertory catalogue；
If it is abnormal to detect that the written document exists, the written document is deleted under the repertory catalogue.
Specifically, due to the technical characteristic of union file system, it is available to the first partitioned storage from repertory catalogue
Data and the second partitioned storage data.It therefore, can be from the file to be modified obtained under repertory catalogue in root file system
Write operation is carried out, and the written document obtained by write operation can be stored under repertory catalogue, wherein obtain by write operation
Written document can substantially be stored in the first subregion.
Above-mentioned written document occurs abnormal may be that written document has carried out that malice is distorted or situations such as written document is destroyed leads
It has caused written document to occur abnormal, has then at this time deleted written document under repertory catalogue, substantially, in written document under repertory catalogue
When deletion, written document is deleted from the first subregion.
Through this embodiment, when carrying out write operation, not only the All Files in available root file system are repaired
Change, and modified obtained modification file will not cover or modify primitive root file system.Meanwhile if modification file occurs
Exception then can delete on the basis of not influencing primitive root file system and abnormal file occur and delete, improve root file
The stability of the safety of system and linux system operation.
Further, in other embodiments of the present invention, described device further includes the second repair module, and described second repairs
Module is used for:
If detecting, the linux system is abnormal, formats second subregion.
In the present embodiment, when detecting linux system exception, since the preservation of the first subregion is unmodified
The root file system of Linux, and what the second subregion saved is to the modified modification file of root file system, then in order to will modify
The mistake that file causes linux system exception occur is repaired, and the second subregion is formatted, what root file system was done in deletion
Modification, due to not covered to initial root file system, Linux can be restored to initial version.
Through this embodiment, linux system can quickly be restored in linux system exception, then linux system is also
It remains to continue to use after original, improves fault-tolerant ability when linux system operation.
System starting device provided by the invention judges whether linux system starts init process by judgment module；When
The linux system starts init process, and carry module is by the first subregion belonging to root file system in the computer installation
With the second subregion other than the first subregion described in the computer installation by union file system technology carry to starting text
The repertory catalogue of part system, wherein the carry attribute of first subregion be it is read-only, the carry attribute of second subregion is can
It writes；The root of the linux system is switched to the repertory catalogue by switching module, and the linux system is from the joint
Catalogue obtains the root file system and carries out starting operation.Due to will be belonging to root file system by union file system technology
The first subregion and the first subregion other than the second subregion carry to startup file system repertory catalogue, and by linux system
Root be switched to repertory catalogue, allow linux system by obtain repertory catalogue in root file system opened
It is dynamic.Simultaneously as the carry attribute of the first subregion be it is read-only, then linux system starting after, can be read by repertory catalogue
Root file system in first subregion of institute's carry；Due to the second subregion carry attribute be it is writeable, can based on read
To root file system carry out write operation and being stored in the second subregion.It, can be to root file to realize after Linux starting
System is written and read purpose, since the root file system in the first subregion will not be directly modified always, it is achieved that keeping
The purpose that root file system is not modified, improves the safety of root file system, avoids the occurrence of linux system collapse or nothing
The problem of method is again started up, so as to improve stability when linux system operation.
The above-mentioned integrated unit realized in the form of software function module, can store and computer-readable deposit at one
In storage media.Above-mentioned software function module is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are used so that a computer
It is each that equipment (can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) or processor (processor) execute the present invention
The part steps of embodiment the method.
As shown in figure 3, the structure that Fig. 3 is the computer installation for the preferred embodiment that the present invention realizes system start method is shown
It is intended to.The computer installation include at least one sending device 31, at least one processor 32, at least one processor 33,
At least one reception device 34 and at least one communication bus.Wherein, the communication bus is for realizing between these components
Connection communication.
The computer installation be it is a kind of can according to the instruction for being previously set or store, it is automatic carry out numerical value calculate with/
Or the equipment of information processing, hardware include but is not limited to microprocessor, specific integrated circuit (Application Specific
Integrated Circuit, ASIC), programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), number
Word processing device (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), embedded device etc..The computer installation may also include net
Network equipment and/or user equipment.Wherein, the network equipment includes but is not limited to single network server, multiple network services
The server group of device composition or being made of a large amount of hosts or network server based on cloud computing (Cloud Computing)
Cloud, wherein cloud computing is one kind of distributed computing, a super virtual meter consisting of a loosely coupled set of computers
Calculation machine.
The computer installation may be, but not limited to, any one and can be set with user by keyboard, touch tablet or acoustic control
The modes such as standby carry out the electronic product of human-computer interaction, for example, the terminals such as tablet computer, smart phone, monitoring device.
Network locating for the computer installation includes, but are not limited to internet, wide area network, Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), local area network, virtual
Dedicated network (Virtual Private Network, VPN) etc..
Wherein, the reception device 34 and the sending device 31 can be wired sending port, or wirelessly set
It is standby, for example including antenna assembly, for carrying out data communication with other equipment.
The memory 32 is for storing program code.The memory 32, which can be, does not have physical form in integrated circuit
The circuit with store function, such as RAM (Random-Access Memory, random access memory), FIFO (First In
First Out, push-up storage) etc..Alternatively, the memory 32 is also possible to the memory with physical form, such as
Memory bar, TF card (Trans-flash Card), smart media card (smart media card), safe digital card (secure
Digital card), storage facilities such as flash memory cards (flash card) etc..
The processor 33 may include one or more microprocessor, digital processing unit.The processor 33 is adjustable
With the program code stored in memory 32 to execute relevant function.For example, each unit described in Fig. 3 is stored in institute
The program code in memory 32 is stated, and as performed by the processor 33, to realize a kind of system start method.The processing
Device 33 is also known as central processing unit (CPU, Central Processing Unit), is one piece of ultra-large integrated circuit, is fortune
Calculate core (Core) and control core (Control Unit).
In several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that disclosed system, device and method can be with
It realizes by another way.For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary, for example, the module
It divides, only a kind of logical function partition, there may be another division manner in actual implementation.
The module as illustrated by the separation member may or may not be physically separated, aobvious as module
The component shown may or may not be physical unit, it can and it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple
In network unit.Some or all of the modules therein can be selected to realize the mesh of this embodiment scheme according to the actual needs
's.
It, can also be in addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present invention can integrate in one processing unit
It is that each unit physically exists alone, can also be integrated in one unit with two or more units.Above-mentioned integrated list
Member both can take the form of hardware realization, can also realize in the form of hardware adds software function module.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case where without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Benefit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims
Variation is included in the present invention.Any attached associated diagram label in claim should not be considered as right involved in limitation to want
It asks.Furthermore, it is to be understood that one word of " comprising " does not exclude other units or steps, odd number is not excluded for plural number.It is stated in system claims
Multiple units or device can also be implemented through software or hardware by a unit or device.Second equal words are used to table
Show title, and does not indicate any particular order.
Finally it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although reference
Preferred embodiment describes the invention in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that, it can be to of the invention
Technical solution is modified or equivalent replacement, without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of system start method is applied to computer installation, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Judge whether linux system starts init process；
When the linux system starts init process, by the first subregion belonging to root file system in the computer installation and
The second subregion other than first subregion described in the computer installation passes through union file system technology carry to startup file
The repertory catalogue of system, wherein the carry attribute of first subregion be it is read-only, the carry attribute of second subregion is can
It writes；
The root of the linux system is switched to the repertory catalogue, the linux system is obtained from the repertory catalogue
The root file system carries out starting operation.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described will be belonging to root file system in the computer installation
The second subregion other than first subregion described in first subregion and the computer installation passes through union file system technology carry
To the repertory catalogue of startup file system, wherein the carry attribute of first subregion is read-only, the carry of second subregion
Attribute is writeable, comprising:
The first mount point file and the second mount point file are created in the startup file system；
By the first subregion belonging to root file system in the computer installation with readable manner carry to first mount point
File, by the second subregion of the computer installation with can WriteMode carry to the second mount point file；
The first mount point file and the second mount point file are passed through into AUFS technology carry to the starting text
Repertory catalogue in part system.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the method also includes:
The write operation received for the root file system instructs；
Root file system is obtained under the repertory catalogue according to write operation instruction and carries out write operation, passes through the write operation
Obtained written document is stored under the repertory catalogue；
If it is abnormal to detect that the written document exists, the written document is deleted under the repertory catalogue.
4. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the method also includes:
If detecting, the linux system is abnormal, formats second subregion.
5. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that second subregion by the computer installation is with can
After WriteMode carry to the second mount point file, further includes:
Judge the whether successful carry of second subregion to the second mount point file；
If the failed carry of the second subregion formats second subregion, executes institute to the second mount point file
State by the second subregion of the computer installation with can WriteMode carry to the second mount point file the step of.
6. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that second subregion is according to the computer installation
The subregion or second subregion that the size of storage medium is pre-created are points being pre-created according to history write operation size
Area.
7. a kind of system starting device, which is characterized in that described device includes:
Judgment module, for judging whether linux system starts init process；
Carry module, for starting init process when the linux system, by belonging to root file system in computer installation the
The second subregion other than first subregion described in one subregion and the computer installation passes through union file system technology carry extremely
The repertory catalogue of startup file system, wherein the carry attribute of first subregion is read-only, the carry category of second subregion
Property to be writeable；
Switching module, for the root of the linux system to be switched to the repertory catalogue, the linux system is from institute
It states the repertory catalogue acquisition root file system and carries out starting operation.
8. device as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the carry module is specifically used for:
The first mount point file and the second mount point file are created in the startup file system；
By the first subregion belonging to root file system in the computer installation with readable manner carry to first mount point
File, by the second subregion of the computer installation with can WriteMode carry to the second mount point file；
The first mount point file and the second mount point file are passed through into AUFS technology carry to the starting text
Repertory catalogue in part system.
9. a kind of computer installation, which is characterized in that the computer installation includes memory and processor, and the memory is used
In storing at least one instruction, the processor is for executing at least one described instruction to realize as appointed in claim 1 to 6
System start method described in one.
10. a kind of computer readable storage medium, is stored thereon with computer instruction, it is characterised in that: the computer instruction
Such as system start method described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is realized when being executed by processor.
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