CN112665680A - Method and system for measuring water level of front pool of small hydropower station - Google Patents
Method and system for measuring water level of front pool of small hydropower station Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for measuring the water level of a front pool of a small hydropower station, which comprises the following steps: selecting a lightning protection type forebay water level liquid level sensor, installing the lightning protection type forebay water level liquid level sensor in a drilled steel pipe, and connecting the lightning protection type forebay water level liquid level sensor with a forebay water level acquisition terminal through a lightning protection device; collecting a forebay water level data set containing alpha moments and a weather forecast information set corresponding to each moment; performing correlation analysis of the front pool water level and weather forecast information, and training variables with the first two ranked correlation coefficients by using an SVM (support vector machine) to obtain a front pool water level prediction model; collecting fore pool water level data at the g-th moment in real time, and obtaining a fore pool water level predicted value at the corresponding moment through a fore pool water level prediction model according to real-time weather forecast information at the corresponding moment; determining front pool water level data at the g-th moment; the technical problems that whether data are abnormal or whether the data quality meets the operation requirements or not cannot be judged in the prior art are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydropower operation and dispatching control, and particularly relates to a method and a system for measuring the water level of a front pool of a small hydropower station.
Background
Hydroelectric is the most widely used renewable energy source. The concept of "green hydropower" has been developed in order to ensure sustainable development and operation of hydropower and to seek a balance point between economy, social development and environmental protection. Under the support of environmental protection policies and the strong supervision of supervision authorities, water and electricity become important renewable energy technologies, and make beneficial contributions to the aspects of rural electrification, social inclusive sustainable industrial development, reduction of greenhouse gas emission, forest felling and the like. The method utilizes the water energy resources to the maximum extent and more effectively, has strategic significance on the adjustment of the energy structure, can relieve a series of environmental problems brought to the society by the use of fossil energy, and promotes the better development of the world economy. Therefore, hydropower should be brought into the national plans of all countries, the development and the utilization of the hydropower are put at the head of the current energy planning work, and the sustainable green energy development is realized.
The small hydropower stations are clean and renewable green energy sources, thousands of rivers are primarily treated by developing the small hydropower stations and building rural electrification, the total storage capacity of the small hydropower station reservoir reaches hundreds of millions of cubic meters, the flood control capacity of rivers is effectively improved, and the ecological and agricultural production conditions are improved; therefore, the problem that the influence of the small hydropower station connected to the power grid on the operation of the system is solved.
As most small hydropower stations belong to small hydropower stations with small installed capacity and poor energy-saving capability, the small hydropower stations have the characteristics of frequent occurrence of rush-start in a water-rich period and short occurrence of stop in a dry period, the power of the upper power grid has great uncertainty, the fluctuation range is great, and great influence is caused on the stability of the power grid and the power dispatching.
Due to geographical location restrictions, the plant forebay volume cannot be expanded. When the current pond water yield increases, if the operating personnel fails to know the forebay water level change condition in time, increase the unit and exert oneself, will cause the forebay overflow, influence power station economic benefits. Therefore, it is necessary to install a set of forebay water level measuring platform to monitor the forebay water level change in real time, and identify and automatically correct the forebay water level real-time data, so that the operation personnel can adjust the unit operation mode in time, and ensure the safe operation of the power station.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a little water and electricity forebay water level measurement method and measurement system to solve prior art and adopt water level sensor to locate geographical position complicacy to little water and electricity forebay water level measurement, easily receive special meteorological condition's influence such as thunder and lightning, and general forebay only arranges single sensor moreover, can't judge whether unusual or whether the data quality satisfies operating requirement scheduling technical problem.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for measuring the water level of a front pool of a small hydropower station comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting a lightning protection type forebay water level liquid level sensor and installing the lightning protection type forebay water level liquid level sensor in a drilled steel pipe;
step 2, connecting the lightning protection type forebay water level liquid level sensor with a forebay water level acquisition terminal through a lightning protection device for measuring the actual forebay water level;
step 3, collecting a forebay water level data set H containing alpha moments and a weather forecast information set WE corresponding to each moment;
step 4, performing correlation analysis of the forebay water level and the weather forecast information through the collected forebay water level data set H and the weather forecast information set WE,
step 5, recording two variables of the first two ranked relevance coefficients as B kappa and B theta;
step 6, forming a training sample set by using variables B kappa and B theta in the forebay water level data set H and the weather forecast information set WE, and training by using an SVM (support vector machine) to obtain a forebay water level prediction model;
step 7, collecting the front pool water level data HRT at the g-th moment in real timegAnd according to the real-time weather forecast information WERT of the corresponding momentgAnd 6, obtaining a forebay water level predicted value HPR at the corresponding moment by using the forebay water level prediction model obtained in the step 6g(ii) a And determining front pool water level data HF at the g-th momentgAnd recording the storage unit of the front pool water level acquisition and analysis system, and transmitting the storage unit to the background monitoring system through the in-station measurement and control unit.
Step 1, the lightning protection type forebay water level liquid level sensor has the maximum measuring range scale of M xi meters, and the output signal is 4-20 mA.
Step 2, the actual forebay water level obtaining method comprises the following steps: setting the water level of 0m after AD conversion as H0And the water level of M xi meter after AD conversion is HMξBy the number H of measured values at the current time instant muRμCalculating to obtain the actual forebay water level H at the mu th momentμ
The front pool water level data at the mu th moment is HμWeather forecast information set WE corresponding to the momentμ＝{TRμ,PRμ,HRμ,WDRμ,WSRμ,QRμH.e.alpha, each symbol representsMeaning: temperature TR, air pressure PR, humidity HR, wind direction WDR, wind speed WSR, rainfall QR.
In the correlation analysis, the calculation formula of the correlation coefficient is as follows:
The method for determining the front pool water level data at the g-th moment comprises the following steps:
1) collecting front pool water level data HRT at the g-th momentgAnd the previous time value HRTg-1Comparing and calculating epsilongThe calculation formula is
If epsilong>0.2, judging that the actual measurement value is abnormal, and entering 2); if epsilong<0.2, then go to 3);
2)εg>0.2, directly obtaining the forebay water level prediction value HPR of the corresponding moment by using the forebay water level prediction modelgAs front pool water level data HF at the g-th momentg；
3)εg<0.2, real-time acquisition of front pool water level data HRT at the g-th momentgObtaining a forebay water level predicted value HPR at a corresponding moment by the forebay water level prediction modelgComparing and calculating phigThe calculation formula is
If phig<0.1, front pool water level data of the g-th moment
If phig>0.1, front pool water level data HF of the g-th momentg＝ΩHRTg+ΞHPRgWherein Ω and xi are weight coefficients, and Ω + xi 1.
A small hydropower forebay water level measurement system comprises: the lightning protection type forebay water level and liquid level sensor is connected with the forebay water level acquisition terminal through a lightning protection device; the forebay water level acquisition terminal is connected with the forebay water level acquisition and analysis system; the front pool water level acquisition and analysis system is connected with the in-station measurement and control unit.
And the in-station measurement and control unit is connected with the background monitoring system.
The forebay water level acquisition terminal comprises a central processing unit, and the lightning protection device is connected with the central processing unit through an AD conversion module; the central processing unit is connected with the display touch screen; the central processing unit is connected with the forebay water level acquisition and analysis system through an analog output module, a soft message output module and a relay output alarm module.
And the forebay water level acquisition terminal supplies power through an external power supply and a photovoltaic.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention converts an output sampling value into a real-time monitoring water level through a forebay water level acquisition terminal by arranging a lightning protection type forebay water level liquid level sensor, trains a forebay water level prediction model by utilizing a historical forebay water level data set and a historical meteorological information set, compares, judges and processes data by using the forebay water level information acquired in real time and a forebay water level prediction value obtained according to real-time weather forecast information to obtain final real-time forebay water level data, records the final real-time forebay water level data into a storage unit of a forebay water level acquisition and analysis system, and transmits the final real-time forebay water level data to a background monitoring system through an in-station measurement and control unit, so as to solve the problems that the forebay water level sensor is arranged in a remote mountain area, the geographical position is complicated, the influence of special meteorological conditions such as lightning is avoided, the measurement error is easily caused by the influence of forebay flowing water, and the problems that the data is abnormal and the technical problem is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a front pool water level acquisition terminal.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
a method for measuring the water level of a front pool of a small hydropower station mainly comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that 1, a lightning protection type forebay water level liquid level sensor is selected and installed in a drilled steel pipe, so that the problems that the forebay water level sensor is arranged in a remote mountain area, the geographical position is complex, the influence of special meteorological conditions such as lightning protection and the like is avoided, and meanwhile, the measurement error is easily caused by the influence of forebay flowing water are solved.
And 2, selecting the maximum range scale M ξ meters of the lightning protection type forebay water level liquid level sensor according to actual conditions, and outputting a signal of 4-20 mA.
And 3, the lightning protection type forebay water level liquid level sensor is connected with the forebay water level acquisition terminal through a lightning protection device and used for preventing lightning stroke from causing the sensor and the forebay water level acquisition terminal, and meanwhile, the sensor transmits the output 4-20mA signal to an AD conversion module of the forebay water level acquisition terminal to realize analog-to-digital conversion, and the signal is converted into actual forebay water level and transmitted to a forebay water level acquisition and analysis system.
The method for converting the output signal of the sensor into the actual forebay water level comprises the following steps:
the water level of 0 meter after AD conversion is H0The water level of M xi meter after AD conversion is HMξBy the number H of measured values at the current time instant muRμThen the actual forebay water level H at the time of the mu is calculated by the following formulaμ。
And 4, utilizing the fore-pool water level data set H containing alpha moments and the weather forecast information set WE corresponding to each moment, which are obtained in the step 3.
Wherein, the front pool water level data at the mu-th moment is HμWeather forecast information set WE corresponding to the momentμ＝{TRμ,PRμ,HRμ,WDRμ,WSRμ,QRμ}. Wherein μ ∈ α.
Wherein each symbol represents the following meanings: temperature TR, barometric pressure PR, humidity HR, wind direction WDR, wind speed WSR, rainfall QR.
And 5, analyzing the correlation between the front pool water level and the weather forecast information based on the front pool water level data set H and the weather forecast information set WE acquired in the step 4.
The correlation coefficient is calculated by the formula:
And B kappa and B theta are marked as two variables of the top two ranked correlation coefficients between the 6 variables of the front pool water level data set H and the weather forecast information set WE.
And 6, forming a training sample set by using the front pool water level data set H in the step 4 and B kappa and B theta in the weather forecast information set WE, and training by using an SVM (support vector machine) to obtain a front pool water level prediction model.
Step 7, collecting HRT (head tank water level) data of the front pool at the g-th moment in real timegAnd according to the real-time weather forecast information WERT of the corresponding momentgObtaining a forebay water level predicted value HPR at the corresponding moment by using the forebay water level prediction model obtained in the step 6g. And judging and determining front pool water level data HF at the g-th momentgAnd recording the storage unit of the forebay water level acquisition and analysis system, and transmitting the storage unit to the background monitoring system through the in-station measurement and control unit.
The method for judging and determining the front pool water level data at the g-th moment comprises the following steps:
1) collecting front pool water level data HRT at the g-th momentgAnd the previous time value HRTg-1Comparing to calculate epsilongThe calculation formula is
If epsilong>0.2, judging that the measured value is abnormal, and entering 2); if epsilong<0.2, enter 3).
2)εg>0.2, directly obtaining the forebay water level prediction value HPR of the corresponding moment by using the forebay water level prediction modelgAs front pool water level data HF at the g-th momentg；
3)εg<0.2, real-time acquisition of front pool water level data HRT at the g-th momentgObtaining a forebay water level predicted value HPR at a corresponding moment by the forebay water level prediction modelgComparing and calculating phigThe calculation formula is
If phig<0.1, front pool water level data of the g-th moment
If phig>0.1, front pool water level data HF of the g-th momentg＝ΩHRTg+ΞHPRgWherein Ω and xi are weight coefficients, and Ω + xi 1
The utility model provides a little water and electricity forebay water level measurement system, it includes lightning protection formula forebay water level liquid level sensor, lightning protection device, forebay water level acquisition terminal, external power supply and photovoltaic super capacitor group, forebay water level acquisition analytic system, station in observe and control unit, backstage monitored control system.
The lightning protection type forebay water level liquid level sensor is arranged in a drilled steel pipe, is arranged in the small hydropower forebay and is used for acquiring the water level information of the small hydropower forebay and outputting a 4-20mA signal.
The lightning protection device is connected with the lightning protection type forebay water level liquid level sensor and used for protecting the lightning protection type forebay water level liquid level sensor from being damaged by lightning.
And the forebay water level acquisition terminal and the lightning protection device are used for receiving the 4-20mA signal output by the sensor, performing analog-to-digital conversion and data processing, and transmitting the data to the forebay water level acquisition and analysis system. Meanwhile, the power supply is connected with an external power supply and used as a main power supply of the front pool water level acquisition terminal. And the photovoltaic super capacitor bank is connected with the photovoltaic super capacitor bank and used as a standby power supply of the front pool water level acquisition terminal.
The small hydropower station forebay water level acquisition terminal comprises a central processing unit, an AD conversion module, a relay alarm output module, a soft message output module, an acquisition analog quantity output module, a display touch screen, a first isolation transformer, a first switching power supply, a second isolation transformer and a second switching power supply.
The central processing unit is used for automatically calculating the real-time water level value according to the set parameter (the range, the corresponding value of the water level of 0 meter after the AD conversion, and the corresponding value of the water level of the maximum range after the AD conversion).
The AD conversion module is 12 bits, and the input information is a sensor sampling value of 4-20 mA.
The display touch screen is used for displaying the contents of water level information, parameter setting, alarm information and the like collected in real time.
The relay alarm output module is used for outputting an alarm hard contact signal in the small hydropower station forebay water level acquisition terminal;
the soft message output module is used for outputting soft message signals in the small hydropower station forebay water level acquisition terminal;
the acquisition analog quantity output module is used for outputting the calculated real-time water level value;
the isolation transformer I and the switch power supply I are used for converting an external power supply into a main power supply of the front pool water level acquisition terminal;
and the second isolation transformer and the second switching power supply are used for converting the photovoltaic super capacitor bank into a standby power supply of the front pool water level acquisition terminal.
The forebay water level acquisition and analysis system is connected with the in-station measurement and control unit and used for transmitting the real-time forebay water level information, the relay alarm information and the soft message information which are judged and corrected to the in-station measurement and control unit, and transmitting the information to the background monitoring system for displaying and alarming and referring to power station operators.
Claims (10)
1. A method for measuring the water level of a front pool of a small hydropower station comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting a lightning protection type forebay water level liquid level sensor and installing the lightning protection type forebay water level liquid level sensor in a drilled steel pipe;
step 2, connecting the lightning protection type forebay water level liquid level sensor with a forebay water level acquisition terminal through a lightning protection device for measuring the actual forebay water level;
step 3, collecting a forebay water level data set H containing alpha moments and a weather forecast information set WE corresponding to each moment;
step 4, performing correlation analysis of the forebay water level and the weather forecast information through the collected forebay water level data set H and the weather forecast information set WE,
step 5, recording two variables of the first two ranked relevance coefficients as B kappa and B theta;
step 6, forming a training sample set by using variables B kappa and B theta in the forebay water level data set H and the weather forecast information set WE, and training by using an SVM (support vector machine) to obtain a forebay water level prediction model;
step 7, collecting the front pool water level data HRT at the g-th moment in real timegAnd according to the real-time weather forecast information WERT of the corresponding momentgAnd 6, obtaining a forebay water level predicted value HPR at the corresponding moment by using the forebay water level prediction model obtained in the step 6g(ii) a And determining front pool water level data HF at the g-th momentgAnd recording the storage unit of the forebay water level acquisition and analysis system, and transmitting the storage unit to the background monitoring system through the in-station measurement and control unit.
2. The method for measuring the water level of the front pool of the small hydropower station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 1, the lightning protection type forebay water level liquid level sensor has the maximum measuring range scale of M xi meters, and the output signal is 4-20 mA.
3. According toThe method for measuring the water level of the front pool of the small hydropower station, which is characterized in that: step 2, the actual forebay water level obtaining method comprises the following steps: setting the water level of 0m after AD conversion as H0And the water level of M xi meter after AD conversion is HMξBy the number H of measured values at the current time instant muRμCalculating to obtain the actual forebay water level H at the mu th momentμ
4. The method for measuring the water level of the front pool of the small hydropower station as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the front pool water level data at the mu th moment is HμWeather forecast information set WE corresponding to the momentμ＝{TRμ,PRμ,HRμ,WDRμ,WSRμ,QRμ- μ ∈ α, each symbol representing the following meaning: temperature TR, air pressure PR, humidity HR, wind direction WDR, wind speed WSR, rainfall QR.
5. The method for measuring the water level of the front pool of the small hydropower station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the correlation analysis, the calculation formula of the correlation coefficient is as follows:
6. The method for measuring the water level of the front pool of the small hydropower station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method for determining the front pool water level data at the g-th moment comprises the following steps:
1) collecting front pool water level data HRT at the g-th momentgAnd the previous time value HRTg-1Comparing and calculating epsilongThe calculation formula is
If epsilong>0.2, judging that the measured value is abnormal, and entering 2); if epsilong<0.2, then go to 3);
2)εg>0.2, directly obtaining the forebay water level prediction value HPR of the corresponding moment by using the forebay water level prediction modelgAs front pool water level data HF at the g-th momentg；
3)εg<0.2, real-time acquisition of front pool water level data HRT at the g-th momentgObtaining a forebay water level predicted value HPR at a corresponding moment by the forebay water level prediction modelgComparing and calculating phigThe calculation formula is
If phig<0.1, front pool water level data of the g-th moment
If phig>0.1, front pool water level data HF of the g-th momentg＝ΩHRTg+ΞHPRgWherein Ω and xi are weight coefficients, and Ω + xi 1.
7. A small hydropower forebay water level measurement system comprises: lightning protection formula forebay water level sensor, its characterized in that: the lightning protection type forebay water level liquid level sensor is connected with the forebay water level acquisition terminal through a lightning protection device; the forebay water level acquisition terminal is connected with the forebay water level acquisition and analysis system; the forebay water level acquisition and analysis system is connected with the in-station measurement and control unit.
8. The small hydropower forebay water level measurement system of claim 1, wherein: and the in-station measurement and control unit is connected with the background monitoring system.
9. The small hydropower forebay water level measurement system of claim 1, wherein: the forebay water level acquisition terminal comprises a central processing unit, and the lightning protection device is connected with the central processing unit through an AD conversion module; the central processing unit is connected with the display touch screen; the central processing unit is connected with the forebay water level acquisition and analysis system through an analog output module, a soft message output module and a relay output alarm module.
10. The small hydropower forebay water level measurement system of claim 1, wherein: and the forebay water level acquisition terminal supplies power through an external power supply and a photovoltaic.
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| CN110165248A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-23 | 湖北工业大学 | Fault-tolerant control method for air supply system of fuel cell engine |
| CN110637764A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2020-01-03 | 江苏大学 | Method for accurately determining feeding amount for river crab culture |
| CN110460117A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-11-15 | 湖南江河机电自动化设备股份有限公司 | A kind of middle small plant's intelligent optimization electricity generation system |
| CN111831966A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-10-27 | 中山大学 | Combined river water level forecasting method based on high-dimensional probability distribution function |
| CN111929227A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-13 | 长沙开元仪器有限公司 | Switching method, device and equipment of infrared detection pool and storage medium |
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