CN112665394A - Nozzle and smelting furnace - Google Patents
Nozzle and smelting furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN112665394A CN112665394A CN202011355788.XA CN202011355788A CN112665394A CN 112665394 A CN112665394 A CN 112665394A CN 202011355788 A CN202011355788 A CN 202011355788A CN 112665394 A CN112665394 A CN 112665394A
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 282
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nozzle and a smelting furnace, wherein the nozzle comprises a material channel for feeding powdery materials into a reaction tower of the smelting furnace, the material channel is provided with a material adjusting structure for adjusting the cross section area of an outlet, and the material adjusting structure can adjust the speed of the powdery materials entering the reaction tower according to the feeding amount of the powdery materials; the gas channel is used for feeding reaction gas into the reaction tower, and the gas channel and the material channel are sleeved with each other. When the feeding amount of the powdery material is low, the cross section area of the outlet of the material channel is reduced by the material adjusting structure, so that the speed of the powdery material entering the reaction tower is increased; when the input of powdery material is higher, the cross sectional area of material passageway exit is increaseed to the material regulation structure, avoids powdery material to block up material passageway to can avoid blocking up material passageway when guaranteeing the powdery material velocity of flow, and then improved the mixing and the reaction effect of the powdery material of different input and reaction gas in the reaction tower of smelting furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a non-ferrous metal production technology, more particularly to a nozzle and a smelting furnace.
Background
In the technical field of non-ferrous metal pyrometallurgy, more raw materials belong to sulfide concentrate, the smelting process mainly comprises the steps of dispersing the concentrate into powdery materials, feeding the powdery materials and reaction gas into a concentrate nozzle at the upper part of a high-temperature reaction tower of a smelting furnace together for mixing, and separating metal and impurities in the concentrate by utilizing the oxidation reaction of sulfide and the reaction gas in the concentrate.
At present, the nozzle of the reaction tower uses a material passage to feed the powdery material and a gas passage to feed the reaction gas, thereby realizing the mixing of the powdery material and the reaction gas. However, the cross-sectional area of the material channel is fixed, and when the cross-sectional area of the material channel is set to be larger, the flow velocity of the powdery material with less feeding amount at the outlet of the material channel is smaller, so that the mixing and reaction effects of the powdery material and the reaction gas can be influenced; when the cross sectional area of material passageway sets up lessly, the more powdery material of input material is more easily blockked up the material passageway again, can influence the mixture of powdery material and reacting gas and react the effect equally.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention discloses a nozzle to improve the mixing and reaction effects of powder materials and reaction gases with different feeding amounts in a reaction tower of a smelting furnace.
The invention also aims to disclose a smelting furnace to improve the mixing and reaction effects of the powdery materials with different feeding amounts and the reaction gas in the reaction tower.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses the following technical scheme:
a nozzle, comprising:
the material channel is used for feeding the powdery material into a reaction tower of the smelting furnace, the material channel is provided with a material adjusting structure for adjusting the cross section area of an outlet, and the material adjusting structure can adjust the speed of the powdery material entering the reaction tower according to the feeding amount of the powdery material;
and the gas channel is used for feeding reaction gas into the reaction tower, and the gas channel and the material channel are sleeved with each other.
Preferably, in the above nozzle, the material adjusting structure includes:
the material adjusting block is sleeved on the inner wall of the material channel in an axially movable manner and comprises a discharging part gradually reducing from top to bottom inwards and a material guiding part which is positioned on the upper side of the discharging part and gradually expands from top to bottom outwards;
the material adjusting driving piece is used for driving the material adjusting block to axially move;
the lower end of the outer wall of the material channel is gradually reduced inwards, the discharging part is arranged in parallel with the lower end of the outer wall of the material channel, and a gap between the discharging part and the lower end of the outer wall of the material channel is adjustable along with the movement of the material adjusting block.
Preferably, in the nozzle, a material baffle plate for reducing the speed of the powdery material entering the reaction tower is arranged in the material channel, and an included angle is formed between the material baffle plate and the vertical direction.
Preferably, in the nozzle, the material baffle includes a first material baffle and a second material baffle, which are capable of uniformly distributing the powdery material along the circumferential direction of the material channel, and the first material baffle and the second material baffle are distributed along the axial direction of the material channel and are respectively arranged on the inner wall and the outer wall of the material channel in a staggered manner.
Preferably, in the nozzle, the gas passage is provided with a wind speed adjusting structure for adjusting an outlet speed of the reaction gas and a swirling device for swirling the reaction gas.
Preferably, in the nozzle, the gas channel is sleeved in the material channel;
the gas channel is internally provided with a central combustion channel for supplementing reaction heat, and the cross sections of the gas channel and the material channel are both annular.
Preferably, in the nozzle, the air velocity adjusting structure includes:
the supporting cylinder is sleeved on the inner wall of the gas channel in an axially movable manner;
the air adjusting piece is arranged at the lower end of the supporting cylinder, and a gap between the air adjusting piece and the outer wall of the gas channel forms an air outlet of the gas channel;
and the wind speed adjusting driving piece is used for driving the supporting barrel to axially move.
Preferably, in the nozzle, the air adjusting piece is a cone which is gradually expanded from top to bottom, and the diameter of the large head end of the cone is larger than that of the outer wall of the gas channel and extends out of the gas channel;
or the air adjusting piece is a circular ring-shaped baffle perpendicular to the axial direction of the gas channel, the outer diameter of the circular ring-shaped baffle is larger than the diameter of the outer wall of the gas channel and extends out of the gas channel, and a reinforcing sheet is further connected between the circular ring-shaped baffle and the supporting cylinder.
Preferably, in the nozzle, the swirling device includes:
the air inlet device comprises at least two tangential air inlet channels which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the air channel, wherein the tangential air inlet channels are tangentially arranged on the outer wall of an inlet of the air channel, and air inlet control valves are arranged on the tangential air inlet channels.
Preferably, in the above nozzle, the swirling device further includes:
a plurality of swirl vanes axially movably disposed within the gas passage;
and the blade adjusting structure can adjust the axial position of the swirl blades along the gas channel.
According to the technical scheme, the nozzle comprises a material channel for feeding the powdery material into the reaction tower of the smelting furnace, the material channel is provided with a material adjusting structure for adjusting the cross section area of the outlet, and the material adjusting structure can adjust the speed of the powdery material entering the reaction tower according to the feeding amount of the powdery material; the gas channel is used for feeding reaction gas into the reaction tower, and the gas channel and the material channel are sleeved with each other.
The nozzle provided by the invention is used for feeding the powdery material and the reaction gas into the high-temperature reaction tower for reaction; the material adjusting structure can adjust the cross section area at the outlet of the material channel according to the feeding amount of the powdery material, so as to adjust the speed of the powdery material entering the reaction tower; when the feeding amount of the powdery material is low, the cross section area of the outlet of the material channel is reduced by the material adjusting structure, and the speed of the powdery material entering the reaction tower is increased, so that the mixing and reaction effects of the powdery material and the reaction gas are improved; when the feed volume of powdery material is higher, the cross sectional area of material passageway exit is adjusted big to the material regulation structure, avoids powdery material to block up the material passageway, has improved the mixture and the reaction effect of powdery material and reaction gas equally.
In conclusion, the nozzle provided by the invention can adaptively adjust the cross section area at the outlet of the material channel under the condition of different feeding amounts, so that the flow rate of the powdery material can be ensured, the material channel can be prevented from being blocked, and the mixing and reaction effects of the powdery material with different feeding amounts and the reaction gas in the reaction tower of the smelting furnace are improved.
In addition, the nozzle has high capacity, is suitable for various input powdery materials, can be used for treating various material compositions including high-impurity powdery materials, and has the advantages of high oxygen utilization rate, full reaction and the like.
The invention also discloses a smelting furnace, which comprises a reaction tower, wherein the reaction tower adopts any one of the nozzles, and the smelting furnace with the nozzle has the same effect due to the effect of the nozzle, so the details are not repeated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a nozzle disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a swirling device provided in the gas passage according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another swirling device provided in the gas passage according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an air adjusting member disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of another air adjusting member disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention discloses a nozzle, which improves the mixing and reaction effects of powder materials with different feeding amounts and reaction gas in a reaction tower of a smelting furnace.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a nozzle provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes a material passage 1 for feeding a powdery material into a reaction tower of a smelting furnace, the material passage 1 is provided with a material adjusting structure for adjusting a cross-sectional area of an outlet, and the material adjusting structure can adjust a speed of the powdery material entering the reaction tower according to a feeding amount of the powdery material; a gas channel 2 for sending reaction gas into the reaction tower, and the gas channel 2 and the material channel 1 are sleeved with each other.
It is to be noted that the powdery material according to the invention refers to a dry material containing copper, nickel, lead and/or zinc. The inner and outer walls of the material channel 1 and the gas channel 2 according to the invention are two side walls arranged radially inside and outside the channel.
The nozzle provided by the invention is used for feeding the powdery material and the reaction gas into the high-temperature reaction tower for reaction; the material adjusting structure can adjust the cross section area of the outlet of the material channel 1 according to the feeding amount of the powdery material, so as to adjust the speed of the powdery material entering the reaction tower; when the feeding amount of the powdery material is low, the cross section area of the outlet of the material channel 1 is reduced by the material adjusting structure, and the speed of the powdery material entering the reaction tower is increased, so that the mixing and reaction effects of the powdery material and the reaction gas are improved; when the feed volume of powdery material is higher, the cross sectional area of material passageway 1 exit is adjusted big to the material regulation structure, avoids powdery material to block up material passageway 1, has improved the mixture and the reaction effect of powdery material and reactant gas equally.
In conclusion, the nozzle provided by the invention can adaptively adjust the cross section area at the outlet of the material channel 1 under the condition of different feeding amounts, so that the flow rate of the powdery material can be ensured, the material channel 1 is prevented from being blocked, and the mixing and reaction effects of the powdery material with different feeding amounts and the reaction gas in the reaction tower of the smelting furnace are improved.
In addition, the nozzle has high capacity, is suitable for various input powdery materials, can be used for treating various material compositions including high-impurity powdery materials, and has the advantages of high oxygen utilization rate, full reaction and the like.
In a preferred embodiment, the material adjusting structure comprises a material adjusting block 6 which is axially movably sleeved on the inner wall of the material channel 1, wherein the material adjusting block 6 comprises a discharging part which is gradually reduced from top to bottom to inside and a material guiding part which is positioned on the upper side of the discharging part and gradually expands from top to bottom to outside; the material adjusting driving piece 10 is used for driving the material adjusting block 6 to axially move; wherein, 1 outer wall lower extreme of material passageway is inside convergent, ejection of compact portion and 1 outer wall lower extreme parallel arrangement of material passageway and clearance between the two is adjustable along with the removal of material regulating block 6.
As shown in fig. 1, the material adjusting block 6 is composed of a material guiding portion and a material discharging portion, a material guiding channel with a gradually decreasing cross section along the material flowing direction is formed by the material guiding portion and the outer wall of the material channel 1, the powdery material is transitionally guided into an outlet channel formed by the material discharging portion and the lower end of the outer wall of the material channel 1, the powdery material flows more smoothly, the outlet channel continues for a certain length, the feeding of the powdery material is further stabilized, and particularly, the powdery material can be ensured to uniformly enter the reaction tower under the condition of less supplied powdery material.
Under the condition of different feeding amounts, the material adjusting driving piece 10 drives the material adjusting block 6 to move up and down to adjust the gap between the discharging part of the material adjusting block 6 and the lower end of the outer wall of the material channel 1, so that the cross section area of the outlet of the material channel 1 is adjusted, and the speed of the powdery material entering the reaction tower is further adjusted.
Specifically, the material adjusting driving member 10 is a threaded screw rod structure or an electric push rod, and the like, as long as the structure capable of driving the axial movement can be realized.
It can be understood that the material adjusting block 6 can also be sleeved on the outer wall of the material channel 1. The material adjusting structure can be other structures, such as a material guide plate arranged on the outer wall or the inner wall of the material channel 1, and the material guide plate can rotate relative to the axis of the material channel 1, or an adjusting valve plate which can extend and retract along the axial direction perpendicular to the material channel 1, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the cross section area of the outlet of the material channel 1.
In a further technical scheme, a material baffle plate for reducing the speed of the powdery material entering the reaction tower is arranged in the material channel 1, and an included angle is formed between the material baffle plate and the vertical direction. The material baffle is the annular plate, and is concrete, and the higher one end of material baffle is fixed on one of 1 inner wall of material passageway and outer wall, has the clearance that supplies the powder material to flow through between lower one end and the other of 1 inner wall of material passageway and outer wall.
The material baffle is arranged in the material channel 1, the main purpose of the material baffle is to reduce the speed of the powdery material entering the reaction tower, and simultaneously, the uniformity of the powdery material entering the reaction tower can be adjusted, so that the powdery material can uniformly enter the reaction tower around the gas channel 2, the important function is played for uniform mixing of the reaction gas and the powdery material, and the sufficient mixing and reaction of the reaction gas and the powdery material are ensured.
In addition, the material baffle plate is arranged, so that the adaptability of the smelting furnace to different feeding conditions can be improved, such as the powdery materials entering the smelting furnace under working conditions of different heights, gradients and the like, the change of the feeding amount, the uneven entering of the powdery materials entering the smelting furnace, the entering of the powdery materials with high impact force and the like can ensure the uniform material entering the reaction tower, and the lower speed can ensure the uniform mixing and the delayed reaction time of the reaction gas and the powdery materials.
In order to improve the blocking of the material baffle and the uniformity of the powder material to be adjusted, the material baffle comprises a first material baffle 11 and a second material baffle 12 which can enable the powder material to be uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the material channel 1, and the first material baffle 11 and the second material baffle 12 are distributed along the axial direction of the material channel 1 and are respectively arranged on the inner wall and the outer wall of the material channel 1 in a staggered mode. Specifically, the first material baffle 11 is fixed on the inner wall of the material channel 1 and inclines downwards towards the outer wall of the material channel 1; the second material baffle 12 is fixed on the outer wall of the material channel 1 and inclines downwards towards the inner wall of the material channel 1.
It will be appreciated that the material baffles may be provided in one or other number depending on the actual specifications of the material channel 1.
In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the gas channel 2 is provided with a wind speed adjusting structure for adjusting the wind speed of the reaction gas. The nozzle provided by the invention adjusts the gap of the outlet of the gas channel 2 through the wind speed adjusting structure according to different feeding amounts of the powdery materials, ensures the outlet speed of the gas channel 2, especially can ensure the wind speed under the condition of low feeding amount and low reaction gas amount, provides enough power for mixing surrounding materials, can meet the production requirements under different working conditions, and has the advantages of high oxygen utilization rate, full reaction and the like.
In addition, the air speed adjusting structure is arranged on the air channel 2 and the material adjusting structure is arranged on the material channel 1, so that the cross section area of the outlet of the material channel 1 can be adjusted under the condition of feeding different materials, the materials can be ensured to uniformly enter the reaction tower, meanwhile, the air speed of the reaction gas entering the reaction tower is ensured by the action of the air speed adjusting structure, and the materials can be effectively mixed.
In a specific embodiment, the gas passage 2 is provided with a swirling device for swirling the reaction gas. This embodiment utilizes swirl device to produce the whirl wind, can effectively the entrainment material on every side, forms the whirl body, realizes the mixing between reaction gas and the powdery material. It will be appreciated that the invention may also be used with two gas passages 2, one to produce radially expanding wind and one to produce swirling wind for the reactant gases. The expansion of the reaction gas which is radially diffused and the reaction gas which generates rotational flow rotate at high speed, so that the entrainment of the powdery material is jointly realized, and the rapid propelling of the mixing reaction of the reaction gas and the powdery material is realized.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the gas channel 2 is sleeved in the material channel 1; at the moment, the lower end of the outer wall of the material channel 1, which is gradually reduced inwards, can promote the powdery material to flow towards the middle. The invention adopts the mode of inner rotational flow air and outer materials to send reaction gas and powdery materials into the reaction tower, and the central high-speed rotational flow air entrains the surrounding powdery materials and enters the rotational flow air to form the rotational flow body which is a high-degree mixture of the reaction gas and the powdery materials, thereby ensuring the full mixing of the reaction gas and the materials, and providing guarantees for full reaction, high oxygen utilization rate and the like.
It will be appreciated that the gas channel 2 may also be arranged outside the material channel 1, by providing an outlet directed towards the inside, in order to achieve an inward diffusion of the reaction gas.
In order to ensure that the reaction heat is supplemented insufficiently and has poor mixing effect under the condition that less powdery materials are put into the material channel 1 and the reaction heat is supplemented under the condition that the temperature of the smelting furnace before the materials are put into the smelting furnace is raised or kept, a central combustion channel 3 for supplementing the reaction heat is arranged in the gas channel 2,
in the present embodiment, the central combustion channel 3 is constituted by a central tube; the cross sections of the gas channel 2 and the material channel 1 are both annular, and are formed by matching the outer wall of the central pipe with two sleeves which are sleeved together at a radial distance, so that the structure is simple, and the processing is convenient. Of course, the channels may also be formed by means of openings.
In a specific embodiment, the wind speed adjusting structure comprises a supporting cylinder which is sleeved on the inner wall of the gas channel 2 in an axially movable manner; the air adjusting piece 5 is arranged at the lower end of the supporting cylinder, and a gap between the air adjusting piece 5 and the outer wall of the gas channel 2 forms an air outlet of the gas channel 2; and the wind speed adjusting driving piece 7 is used for driving the supporting barrel to axially move.
The wind speed adjusting structure adjusts the gap of the outlet of the gas channel 2 by the up-and-down movement of the supporting cylinder with the wind adjusting piece 5, ensures the speed of the outlet of the rotational wind, and can ensure the wind speed and provide enough power for sucking the surrounding materials particularly under the condition of low feeding amount and lower reaction gas amount.
Specifically, the wind speed adjusting driving member 7 is a threaded screw rod structure or an electric push rod, and the like, as long as the structure capable of driving the axial movement can be realized.
It will be appreciated that the wind speed adjustment structure may be other structures, such as a damper hingedly disposed on the outer wall of the gas channel 2, and the angle of inclination of the damper is changed by controlling the rotation of the damper relative to the axis of the gas channel 2, so as to achieve the same purpose of adjusting the cross-sectional area of the outlet of the gas channel 2.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the air adjusting member 5 is a cone 501 gradually expanding from top to bottom, and the diameter of the large end of the cone 501 is larger than the diameter of the outer wall of the gas passage 2 and extends out of the gas passage 2. In the embodiment, the air outlet speed of the reaction gas is adjusted through the gap between the conical surface of the cone 501 and the outlet end of the gas channel 2, and the structure is simple.
As shown in fig. 5, in another embodiment, the air adjusting member 5 is a circular ring-shaped baffle 502 perpendicular to the axial direction of the gas channel 2, the outer diameter of the circular ring-shaped baffle 502 is larger than the diameter of the outer wall of the gas channel 2 and extends out of the gas channel 2, and a reinforcing plate 503 is further connected between the circular ring-shaped baffle 502 and the support cylinder. This embodiment adjusts reaction gas's air-out speed through the clearance between ring baffle 502 edge and the 2 exit ends of gas channel, and the air outlet is towards the outside moreover, and the cooperation is strengthened piece 503's direction simultaneously, can promote the air-out and mix with the powdery material that material passageway 1 got into.
In this embodiment, the reinforcing plate 503, the annular baffle 502, and the support cylinder form a triangular support, which improves the structural strength.
In order to ensure the effect of the swirling wind, the swirling device may be provided at the inlet of the gas passage 2, and may also be provided within the gas passage 2.
Because the arrangement positions are different, the adopted rotational flow devices are different, if the rotational flow devices are arranged at the inlet of the gas channel 2; as shown in fig. 1-2, the swirling device includes at least two tangential air inlet channels 4 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the gas channel 2, the tangential air inlet channels 4 are tangentially arranged on the outer wall of the inlet of the gas channel 2, and the tangential air inlet channels 4 are provided with air inlet control valves. Specifically, the number of the tangential air inlet channels 4 is two or four, and other numbers are certainly possible, so long as the air inlet of the whole circumferential direction of the gas channel 2 is ensured to be uniform, and the reaction gas enters the gas channel 2 along the tangential direction of the gas channel 2, so that the rotational flow is generated.
If the swirl device is arranged in the gas duct 2, the swirl device comprises a plurality of swirl vanes 8 which are arranged axially movably in the gas duct 2; a vane adjusting structure 9 capable of adjusting the axial position of the swirl vanes 8 along the gas passage 2. Specifically, the blade adjusting structure 9 is a threaded screw rod structure or an electric push rod, and the like, as long as the structure capable of driving the axial movement can be realized.
As shown in fig. 3, the air inlet channel can supply air along the axial direction of the gas channel 2, and can also supply air through at least two tangential air inlet channels 4 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the gas channel 2 to superpose the swirling effect. The swirl vanes 8 move up and down along the inner wall of the gas channel 2 under the adjustment of the vane adjusting structure 9.
This embodiment sets up whirl blade 8 and the piece 5 of adjusting wind in gas passage 2, can also have certain cooperation, especially when low charge, because of reaction gas is less, can adjust the piece 5 of adjusting wind through adjusting whirl blade 8 downwards and upwards, reduce the axial length of whirl wind passageway promptly, promote whirl wind speed, be favorable to improving the effect of whirl wind entrainment surrounding material.
The nozzle disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, convenient to operate, low in failure rate and high in operation rate.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a smelting furnace, which comprises a reaction tower, wherein the reaction tower adopts the nozzle provided by any one of the embodiments, so that the mixing and reaction effects of the powdery materials with different feeding amounts and the reaction gas in the reaction tower of the smelting furnace are improved.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (11)
1. A nozzle, comprising:
the material channel (1) is used for feeding the powdery material into a reaction tower of a smelting furnace, the material channel (1) is provided with a material adjusting structure for adjusting the cross section area of an outlet, and the material adjusting structure can adjust the speed of the powdery material entering the reaction tower according to the feeding amount of the powdery material;
the gas channel (2) is used for feeding reaction gas into the reaction tower, and the gas channel (2) and the material channel (1) are sleeved with each other.
2. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein the material conditioning structure comprises:
the material adjusting block (6) is sleeved on the inner wall of the material channel (1) in an axially movable manner, and the material adjusting block (6) comprises a discharging part gradually reduced from top to bottom inwards and a material guiding part which is positioned on the upper side of the discharging part and gradually expanded from top to bottom outwards;
the material adjusting driving piece (10) is used for driving the material adjusting block (6) to axially move;
the lower end of the outer wall of the material channel (1) is gradually reduced inwards, the discharging part and the lower end of the outer wall of the material channel (1) are arranged in parallel, and a gap between the discharging part and the outer wall of the material channel is adjustable along with the movement of the material adjusting block (6).
3. The nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that a material baffle plate for reducing the speed of the powdery material entering the reaction tower is arranged in the material channel (1), and the material baffle plate forms an angle with the vertical direction.
4. A nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that the material baffle comprises a first material baffle (11) and a second material baffle (12) which are capable of distributing the powdery material evenly in the circumferential direction of the material channel (1), and the first material baffle and the second material baffle are distributed in the axial direction of the material channel (1) and are respectively arranged on the inner wall and the outer wall of the material channel (1) in a staggered manner.
5. The nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the gas passage (2) is provided with a wind speed adjusting structure for adjusting a wind speed of the reaction gas and a swirling device for swirling the reaction gas.
6. The nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that the gas channel (2) is nested in the material channel (1);
a central combustion channel (3) for supplementing reaction heat is arranged in the gas channel (2), and the cross sections of the gas channel (2) and the material channel (1) are both annular.
7. The nozzle of claim 6, wherein the wind speed adjustment structure comprises:
the supporting cylinder is sleeved on the inner wall of the gas channel (2) in an axially movable manner;
the air adjusting piece (5) is arranged at the lower end of the supporting cylinder, and a gap between the air adjusting piece (5) and the outer wall of the gas channel (2) forms an air outlet of the gas channel (2);
and the wind speed adjusting driving piece (7) is used for driving the supporting barrel to axially move.
8. The nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that the air adjusting piece (5) is a cone (501) which is gradually expanded from top to bottom, the diameter of the large head end of the cone (501) is larger than that of the outer wall of the gas passage (2) and extends out of the gas passage (2);
or the air adjusting piece (5) is a circular ring-shaped baffle (502) perpendicular to the axial direction of the gas channel (2), the outer diameter of the circular ring-shaped baffle (502) is larger than the diameter of the outer wall of the gas channel (2) and extends out of the gas channel (2), and a reinforcing sheet (503) is further connected between the circular ring-shaped baffle (502) and the supporting cylinder.
9. The nozzle of claim 5, wherein the swirling device comprises:
follow two at least tangential inlet air passageway (4) of circumference evenly distributed of gas passage (2), tangential inlet air passageway (4) tangential setting is in on the outer wall of gas passage (2) import department, be provided with the air inlet control valve on tangential inlet air passageway (4).
10. The nozzle of claim 9, wherein the swirling device further comprises:
a plurality of swirl vanes (8) axially movably arranged in the gas channel (2);
a vane adjusting structure (9) capable of adjusting the axial position of the swirl vanes (8) along the gas passage (2).
11. A smelting furnace comprising a reaction shaft, characterized in that the reaction shaft employs a nozzle according to any one of claims 1-10.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011355788.XA CN112665394A (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2020-11-26 | Nozzle and smelting furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011355788.XA CN112665394A (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2020-11-26 | Nozzle and smelting furnace |
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| CN112665394A true CN112665394A (en) | 2021-04-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011355788.XA Pending CN112665394A (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2020-11-26 | Nozzle and smelting furnace |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN112665394A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113639561A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-12 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Vortex nozzle and smelting furnace |
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Application publication date: 20210416 |