CN112663998B - Mortise-tenon joint assembly type light wall farm house and construction method - Google Patents

Mortise-tenon joint assembly type light wall farm house and construction method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112663998B
CN112663998B CN202011413529.8A CN202011413529A CN112663998B CN 112663998 B CN112663998 B CN 112663998B CN 202011413529 A CN202011413529 A CN 202011413529A CN 112663998 B CN112663998 B CN 112663998B
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tenon
light wall
constructional column
ring beam
mortise
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CN112663998A (en
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郭平功
周海涛
张锋剑
赵晋
王松威
马政伟
薛娜
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Henan University of Urban Construction
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Henan University of Urban Construction
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

Abstract

The invention discloses a tenon-and-mortise connection assembly type light wall agricultural house and a construction method, which are suitable for the construction of high-quality agricultural houses and scenic spot residents in rural areas with 2 to 3 layers; including constructional column, collar tie beam and light wall, and all have tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches structure, can carry out tenon fourth of twelve earthly branches plug connection each other. The invention accords with the development trend of building industrialization, applies mortise and tenon connection to an assembled reinforced concrete structure, combines the lean manufacture of a factory with the site construction, and reduces errors and flaws brought by the rough site construction.

Description

Tenon-and-mortise connection assembly type light wall farm house and construction method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of research on fabricated buildings, and particularly relates to a mortise-tenon joint fabricated light wall agricultural house and a construction method.
Background
Fabricated buildings are currently well developed in cities, but are awaiting further development in rural areas. The assembly type farm house is beneficial to building beautiful villages and improving the life quality of residents. The development of the assembly type building needs to be developed in both cities and rural areas, and is a sustainable development mode, as a weak link of the development of the assembly type building, the rural areas in China have wide markets, new rural construction needs to be renovated or a large number of farmhouses are built, and the assembly type farmhouses have huge markets.
With the popularization of the assembly type building in the countries in recent years, the production level of the assembly type component is improved qualitatively, the dimensional precision of the component is greatly improved, the assembly type component factory is built like a spring bamboo shoot after rain, and the production capacity, the quality and the like of the assembly type component are improved. The prefabricated constructional column, the prefabricated ring beam and the like of the invention need to be manufactured and produced finely, and the current assembly type component factory can meet the requirements of the manufacturing process.
The necessity of building assembled houses in rural areas is also increasing. With the development of urbanization, workers are out of business in the young and the old in rural areas, if a brick-concrete masonry structure is still adopted, a large amount of labor is needed for construction, and the assembly type light wall agricultural room system needs less labor and is suitable for the current rural conditions.
The assembled farm houses in partial areas of China are light steel keel villas, the construction cost is high, the difference from the traditional brick walls is large, and residents in many areas do not accept the assembled farm houses; and the tenon-and-mortise connection assembly type light wall agricultural room is close to the existing dwelling houses, and is more easily accepted by residents. If the assembled type farm house demonstration can be well done, the assembled type farm house demonstration is accepted by residents, and the assembly type farm house demonstration is beneficial to the popularization of the assembled type building in rural areas.
The tenon-and-mortise connection is a building construction technology with Chinese wisdom, and typical buildings such as Yinxian wooden towers in ancient China all use the tenon-and-mortise connection structure, and the Yinxian wooden towers are still intact to the present, experience wind, rain and earthquake, and show that the tenon-and-mortise connection is a reliable connection mode.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that most of the existing agricultural houses still adopt a brick laying mode, the construction efficiency is low and the energy consumption is large, the invention provides a tenon-and-mortise connection assembly type light wall agricultural house and a construction method, which are suitable for the construction of high-quality agricultural houses and scenic spot residents in rural areas with 2 to 3 layers; the invention conforms to the development trend of building industrialization, applies mortise and tenon connection to an assembled reinforced concrete structure, combines the lean manufacture of a factory with the field construction, and reduces errors and flaws caused by the rough field construction.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a tenon-and-mortise connection assembly type light wall agricultural house comprises constructional columns, ring beams and light walls; be equipped with mortise-tenon joint structure on the constructional column, can insert the cooperation with the ring roof beam and the light wall that have mortise-tenon joint structure equally.
Further, according to different installation positions of the constructional columns, the constructional columns comprise a straight-line-shaped wall body middle constructional column, an L-shaped wall body corner constructional column, a T-shaped wall body intersection constructional column and a cross-shaped wall body intersection constructional column; two opposite side surfaces of the straight-line-shaped wall body middle constructional column are provided with protruding tenons for being connected with the mortises of the light wall; two adjacent side faces of the L-shaped wall corner constructional column are provided with protruding tenons for being connected with the mortises of the light wall; three side surfaces of the constructional column at the intersection of the T-shaped wall body are provided with protruding tenons for connecting with the mortises of the light wall; protruding tenons are arranged on four side faces of the constructional column at the intersection of the cross-shaped wall body and are used for being connected with the mortises of the light walls; the construction column is provided with a mortise at the position where the construction column is connected with the ring beam; the lower part of the constructional column is provided with a hole, and the upper part of the constructional column is provided with a protruding steel bar, so that the connection of the steel bars of the upper-layer constructional column and the lower-layer constructional column in grouting is realized.
Furthermore, the left end and the right end of the ring beam are provided with tenons which are used for being inserted into the mortises of the constructional columns to temporarily fix the ring beam; the lower part of the ring beam is locally provided with a protruding tenon for being inserted into a hole of the light wall, so that the integrity is enhanced.
Furthermore, the tenon that the circle roof beam both ends are outstanding is the cuboid, and the protruding tenon in lower part is the cylinder, there is the reinforcing bar in the inside of tenon, the reinforcing bar is the extension of the inside reinforcing bar of circle roof beam.
Furthermore, the light wall is made of concrete slabs, and the upper end and the lower end of the light wall are provided with a plurality of holes in parallel and used for being spliced with the ring beam; two sides of the light wall adjacent to the constructional column are in mortise and tenon connection with the light wall; one side of each adjacent block light wall is a tenon, the other side of each adjacent block light wall is a mortise, and the two adjacent blocks of light walls are connected through the mortise and tenon.
A construction method of a mortise-tenon joint assembly type light wall agricultural house comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: prefabricating a constructional column, a ring beam and a light wall; respectively prefabricating a straight-line-shaped wall body middle constructional column, an L-shaped wall body corner constructional column, a T-shaped wall body intersection constructional column and a cross-shaped wall body intersection constructional column which are as thick as the light wall according to different positions of the constructional columns; and (4) reserving exposed steel bars at the upper part of the prefabricated ring beam or arranging a steel bar truss.
Step two: casting a ground ring beam in situ; setting reasonable function partitions and room arrangement according to the size and scale of the producing area of the farm house, and casting a field ring beam in situ; at the position with the constructional column, a protruding reinforcing steel bar is reserved in the ground ring beam, and the ground ring beam is inserted into a hole at the lower part of the constructional column and is grouted; one or two protruding tenons are arranged at the parts, corresponding to the girth beams, of the light walls and inserted into the hollow holes of the light walls.
Step three: mounting a constructional column and a light wall; before installation, mortar is smeared on the ground ring beam; the adjacent wall boards are installed one by one, and mortar is uniformly smeared on the protruding tenons during installation, so that the close combination with the mortise is realized; and then installing the constructional column.
Step four: installing a ring beam; and coating mortar on the protruding tenons at the two ends and the lower part of the ring beam, inserting the protruding tenons at the lower part of the ring beam into the holes on the light wall, and inserting the tenons at the two sides into the mortises of the constructional columns.
Step five: and hoisting the floor slab, binding the reserved steel bars on the upper part of the ring beam with the reserved steel bars on the upper part of the ring beam, and integrally pouring the concrete on the upper part of the ring beam and the laminated layer of the floor slab.
Furthermore, the tenon protruding from the ground ring beam is a cylinder, and the diameter of the tenon is smaller than that of the hole in the light wall; the ground ring beam is provided with a groove, and the width of the groove is larger than the thickness of the light wall.
Furthermore, a plug is arranged on a light wall hole corresponding to the tenon on the ring beam, so that the phenomenon that mortar falls into a cavity to cause joint filling incompact is avoided.
Furthermore, the light wall is provided with non-tensioned steel strands on two sides in the thickness direction of the panel, and the steel strands are used for enhancing the ductility of the wallboard and avoiding brittle failure of the wallboard during earthquake.
Furthermore, enough intermittent time is needed before concrete pouring, the verticality of the constructional column, the ring beam and the wall body is corrected, after correction, mortar is ensured to fill the mortise and tenon joint gap, and concrete pouring is carried out after enough strength is achieved.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
(1) the building industrialization degree of the rural house is obviously improved;
(2) the excellent ancient building technology is inherited; the mortise-tenon joint is introduced into a connecting node of a reinforced concrete structure as an ingenious component connecting technology of ancient wood structures in China, plays an important role in low-rise buildings, and enhances the capacity of the common work among components.
(3) The efficiency of rural building wall is improved, use light wall as bearing wall body, utilize small-size crane can accomplish the wall body installation fast.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper end of a corner constructional column of an L-shaped wall;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the left end of the ring beam;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the lower portion of the collar;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a light wall;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a structural column in the middle of a straight wall;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a corner constructional column of an L-shaped wall;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a constructional column at the intersection of a T-shaped wall;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a constructional column at the intersection of a cross-shaped wall.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to a tenon-and-mortise connection assembly type light wall agricultural house and a construction method. Although the tenon-and-mortise joint provided by the invention has no complicated tenon-and-mortise structure with a wood structure, the tenon-and-mortise joint plays a role of primarily connecting members and can play a role of reducing the use of supports and scaffolds.
A tenon-and-mortise connection assembly type light wall farm house comprises a constructional column, a ring beam and a light wall; be equipped with mortise-tenon joint structure on the constructional column, can insert the cooperation with the ring roof beam and the light wall that have mortise-tenon joint structure equally. According to different installation positions of the constructional columns, the constructional columns comprise a straight-line-shaped wall body middle constructional column, an L-shaped wall body corner constructional column, a T-shaped wall body intersection constructional column and a cross-shaped wall body intersection constructional column.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, two adjacent side faces of the L-shaped wall corner constructional column are provided with protruding tenons 3 for connecting with mortises 11 of the light wall 9. The construction column is provided with a mortise 1 at the part where the construction column is connected with the ring beam 7 and can be connected with cuboid tenons 6 protruding from two sides of the ring beam 7; the lower part of the constructional column is provided with a hole 10, the upper part of the constructional column is provided with a protruding steel bar 2, and the steel bar grouting connection of the upper-layer constructional column and the lower-layer constructional column is realized. In fig. 1, the tenon 3 is only half of the height of the constructional column, and can also be made into 3/4 with the same height as the ring beam or the height of the ring beam, and needs to be matched with the size of the upper mortise 1 of the constructional column. This mode of setting up can reduce the use of scaffold frame in the construction, makes the outstanding tenon 6 in circle roof beam 7 both ends put into the sunken fourth of the twelve earthly branches 1 of constructional column and can realize temporarily fixing. The lower part of the ring beam is partially provided with a protruding cylindrical tenon 8 which is inserted into a hole 10 of a light wall 9 to enhance the integrity. In order to enhance the bearing capacity and the seismic performance of the node, the tenons 6 and 8 in the ring beam 7 are internally provided with reinforcing steel bars which are extensions of the reinforcing steel bars in the ring beam.
And embedding mortar into the gaps of the mortise and tenon joints or pre-plastering mortar on the tenons at two ends of the prefabricated ring beam, putting the tenons into the mortise joints, and forming reliable connection between the constructional column and the ring beam after the mortar is solidified and hardened. The mortar is required to be used along with stirring, and on one hand, the mortar can play a role in offsetting manufacturing errors of components, and on the other hand, the mortar can play a role in filling gaps among mortise and tenon joints and enhancing the carrying capacity of mortise and tenon joint.
Fig. 1 only shows a constructional column manufacturing method, and the constructional columns of the straight-line wall body, the T-shaped wall body and the cross-shaped wall body are similar to the constructional column, but the number and the positions of the mortise and tenon joints are different.
As shown in fig. 4, the light wall 9 of the present invention is made of concrete slab, and the upper and lower ends are provided with a plurality of holes 10 side by side for inserting with the ring beam 7; two sides of the light wall 9 adjacent to the constructional column 13 are provided with mortises 11, and the constructional column is connected with the light wall 9 through tenons and mortises; one side of each adjacent block of light walls 9 is provided with a tenon 12, one side of each adjacent block of light walls is provided with a mortise 11, and the two adjacent light walls are connected through the mortise and tenon. The hollow wall board is used as a light wall body, has small apparent density, certain heat preservation and heat insulation performance and higher construction efficiency, and can reduce the construction period and the manufacturing cost.
A construction method of a tenon-and-mortise connection assembly type light wall agricultural room comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: prefabricating concrete constructional columns, ring beams and light walls; respectively prefabricating a straight-line-shaped wall body middle constructional column, an L-shaped wall body corner constructional column, a T-shaped wall body intersection constructional column and a cross-shaped wall body intersection constructional column which are as thick as the light wall according to different positions of the constructional columns; and (4) reserving bare steel bars at the upper part of the prefabricated ring beam, or arranging a steel bar truss, and roughening the surface of concrete.
Step two: casting a ground ring beam in situ; setting reasonable function partitions and room arrangement according to the size and scale of the producing area of the farm house, and casting a field ring beam in situ; at the position with the constructional column, a protruding reinforcing steel bar is reserved in the ground ring beam, and the protruding reinforcing steel bar is inserted into a hole in the lower part of the constructional column and is grouted; and the part of the ground gird beam corresponding to the light wall is provided with one or two protruding cylindrical tenons and a groove for mounting the light wall, the diameter of each tenon is smaller than that of the hole in the light wall, the width of the groove is larger than the thickness of the light wall, the light wall is mounted in the groove, and the tenon on the ground gird beam is inserted into the hole of the light wall.
Step three: mounting a constructional column and a light wall; before installation, mortar is smeared on the ground ring beam; the adjacent wall boards are installed one by one, and mortar is uniformly smeared on the protruding tenons during installation, so that the close combination with the mortise is realized; and then installing the constructional column.
Step four: installing a ring beam; and coating mortar on the protruding tenons at the two ends and the lower part of the ring beam, inserting the protruding tenons at the lower part of the ring beam into the holes on the light wall, and inserting the tenons at the two sides into the mortises of the constructional columns.
Step five: and hoisting the floor slab, binding the reserved steel bars on the upper part of the ring beam with the reserved steel bars on the upper part of the ring beam, and integrally pouring the concrete on the upper part of the ring beam and the laminated layer of the floor slab.
In the second step, plugs are arranged on the light wall holes corresponding to the tenons on the ring beams, and therefore the phenomenon that mortar falls into the holes to cause joint filling incompact is avoided.
In the third step, the light wall is provided with the steel strands which are not stretched at the two sides in the thickness direction of the panel, and the steel strands are used for enhancing the ductility of the panel and avoiding the brittle failure of the panel during the earthquake.
And fifthly, setting enough interval time before pouring concrete, correcting the verticality and the like of the constructional column, the ring beam and the wall, ensuring that the tenon-and-mortise gap is filled with mortar after correction, and pouring the concrete after enough strength is achieved.
In the construction process, the top view of the middle constructional column 13 of the straight-line-shaped wall in the first step is shown in fig. 5, the top view of the corner constructional column of the L-shaped wall is shown in fig. 6, the top view of the constructional column at the intersection of the T-shaped wall is shown in fig. 7, the top view of the constructional column at the intersection of the cross-shaped wall is shown in fig. 8, and the tenon-and-mortise joints are caulked by mortar 14.
The tenon-and-mortise connection is applied to the fabricated concrete structure, so that the ancient excellent building technology is inherited, and the integrity and the seismic performance of the building are enhanced; the tenon-and-mortise connection is shared with cementing materials such as mortar and the like, so that the bearing capacity of the node is enhanced. The ring beam, the constructional column, the light wall and the like in the invention have small weights, can finish hoisting and installation by using a crane with smaller tonnage, and is suitable for the condition of smaller rural residential site. The construction of the farm house is more efficient, the quality is improved, and the manufacturing cost is kept flat or reduced; the assembly type building is popularized in rural areas; the building industrialization is deeply developed.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, for example, the components may be connected by a key slot or different forms of mortise and tenon joints, which are considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a light wall rural house of mortise-tenon joint assembled which characterized in that: the light wall comprises constructional columns, ring beams and light walls; the constructional column is provided with a tenon-and-mortise structure and can be inserted and matched with a ring beam and a light wall which also have the tenon-and-mortise structure; the constructional columns are different in installation position and comprise a straight-line-shaped wall body middle constructional column, an L-shaped wall body corner constructional column, a T-shaped wall body intersection constructional column and a cross-shaped wall body intersection constructional column; two opposite side surfaces of the straight-line-shaped wall body middle constructional column are provided with protruding tenons for being connected with the mortises of the light wall; two adjacent side faces of the L-shaped wall corner constructional column are provided with protruding tenons for being connected with the mortises of the light wall; three side surfaces of the constructional column at the intersection of the T-shaped wall body are provided with protruding tenons for connecting with the mortises of the light wall; protruding tenons are arranged on four side faces of the constructional column at the intersection of the cross-shaped wall body and are used for being connected with the mortises of the light wall; the construction column is provided with a mortise at the position where the construction column is connected with the ring beam; the lower part of the constructional column is provided with a hole, and the upper part of the constructional column is provided with a protruding steel bar, so that the connection of the steel bars of the upper-layer constructional column and the lower-layer constructional column in grouting is realized.
2. The tenon-and-mortise connection assembly type light wall agricultural room of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the left end and the right end of the ring beam are provided with tenons which are used for being inserted into the mortises of the constructional columns and temporarily fixing the ring beam; and the lower part of the ring beam is locally provided with a protruding tenon for being inserted into the hole of the light wall.
3. The tenon-and-mortise connection assembly type light wall agricultural room of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the tenon that the circle roof beam both ends are outstanding is the cuboid, and the outstanding tenon in lower part is the cylinder, there is the reinforcing bar in the inside of tenon, the reinforcing bar is the extension of the inside reinforcing bar of circle roof beam.
4. The mortise-tenon joint assembly type light wall agricultural room of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the light wall is made of concrete slabs, and the upper end and the lower end of the light wall are provided with a plurality of holes in parallel and used for being inserted into the ring beam; two sides of the light wall adjacent to the constructional column are in mortise and tenon connection with the light wall; one side of each adjacent block light wall is a tenon, the other side of each adjacent block light wall is a mortise, and the two adjacent blocks of light walls are connected through the mortise and tenon.
5. The construction method of the tenon-and-mortise connection assembly type light wall agricultural room according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: prefabricating constructional columns, ring beams and light walls; respectively prefabricating a straight-line-shaped wall body middle constructional column, an L-shaped wall body corner constructional column, a T-shaped wall body intersection constructional column and a cross-shaped wall body intersection constructional column which are as thick as the light wall according to different positions of the constructional columns; reserving bare steel bars at the upper part of the prefabricated ring beam or arranging a steel bar truss;
step two: casting a ground ring beam in situ; setting reasonable function partitions and room arrangement according to the size and scale of the producing area of the farm house, and casting a field ring beam in situ; at the position with the constructional column, a protruding reinforcing steel bar is reserved in the ground ring beam, and the ground ring beam is inserted into a hole at the lower part of the constructional column and is grouted; one or two protruding tenons are arranged at the corresponding ground girt part of the light wall and inserted into the hollow hole of the light wall; a plug is arranged on the light wall hole corresponding to the tenon on the ring beam;
step three: mounting a constructional column and a light wall; before installation, mortar is smeared on the ground ring beam; the adjacent wall boards are installed one by one, and mortar is uniformly smeared on the protruding tenons during installation, so that the close combination with the mortise is realized; then installing a constructional column;
step four: installing a ring beam; coating mortar on the protruding tenons at the two ends and the lower part of the ring beam, inserting the protruding tenons at the lower part of the ring beam into the holes in the light wall, and inserting the tenons at the two sides into the mortises of the constructional columns;
step five: and hoisting the floor slab, wherein the reserved steel bars of the floor slab are deeply inserted into the upper part of the ring beam and bound with the reserved steel bars on the upper part of the ring beam, the verticality of the constructional column, the ring beam and the wall body is corrected before concrete pouring, the tenon-and-mortise gap is filled with mortar after correction, and the concrete on the upper part of the ring beam and the laminated layer of the floor slab is integrally poured after enough strength is achieved.
6. The construction method of the mortise and tenon joint assembly type light wall agricultural room according to claim 5, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the tenon protruding from the ground ring beam is a cylinder, and the diameter of the tenon is smaller than that of the hole in the light wall; the ground ring beam is provided with a groove, and the width of the groove is larger than the thickness of the light wall.
7. The construction method of the tenon-and-mortise connection assembly type light wall agricultural room according to claim 5, characterized in that: the light wall is provided with non-tensioned steel strands on two sides in the thickness direction of the light wall, and the steel strands are used for enhancing the ductility of the wallboard and avoiding brittle failure of the wallboard during earthquake.
CN202011413529.8A 2020-12-07 2020-12-07 Mortise-tenon joint assembly type light wall farm house and construction method Active CN112663998B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005068841A (en) * 2003-08-26 2005-03-17 Hajime Furuta Connecting structure of column material and wall material in wooden structure
CN201883573U (en) * 2010-08-08 2011-06-29 路石科 Combined type wall structure
CN105155734B (en) * 2015-08-19 2017-05-10 太原理工大学 Mortise and tenon connection and assembly type self-thermal-insulation hollow shear wall system and hoisting method thereof
CN205576959U (en) * 2016-04-26 2016-09-14 杭州鲁创屋建材科技有限公司 Light -duty pottery glass siding wall and basic assembly component
CN110130496B (en) * 2019-05-29 2020-09-08 石家庄铁道大学 Beam column mortise-tenon joint type node structure

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