CN112663042A - Trajectory planning method for laser material increase repair - Google Patents
Trajectory planning method for laser material increase repair Download PDFInfo
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- CN112663042A CN112663042A CN201910984533.0A CN201910984533A CN112663042A CN 112663042 A CN112663042 A CN 112663042A CN 201910984533 A CN201910984533 A CN 201910984533A CN 112663042 A CN112663042 A CN 112663042A
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- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a track planning method for laser additive repair, which comprises the following steps: step 1, according to a workpiece to be repaired, determining a damaged part and a defect specification size through scanning, establishing a model, and performing semi-ellipsoidal patching on the defect part; and 2, planning a laser additive repair path and the number of layers according to the planned shape and size of the patching area, and cutting the semi-ellipsoidal model obtained by patching by adopting a group of cutting planes which are parallel to the XZ coordinate plane and have a distance of delta, so as to obtain a group of crossed track lines, namely corresponding cladding track lines. By adopting the track planning method for laser material increase repair, the repair track of the defect model can be accurately planned, and the method is convenient to popularize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser additive repair, in particular to a track planning method for laser additive repair.
Background
At present, the laser cladding technology for repairing large-size parts and complex curved-surface parts with large-area defects still has certain defects. The realization of the remanufacturing and repairing of the complex irregular parts is one of the main research contents of the laser cladding remanufacturing and repairing. In the past, the application of numerical control technology enables the laser cladding technology to greatly improve the flexibility of the system, however, the application of the numerical control technology cannot well meet the requirements of laser cladding on complex surfaces and cladding of the action posture change of the optical powder, the application of the robot provides a better solution for the flexibility of a remanufacturing system, and the effective range direction of the optical powder action defocusing amount can be parallel to the normal vector direction of a curved surface to act on the surface of a curved surface part. Therefore, the planning of the trajectory of the laser beam has a corresponding influence on the laser cladding quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a track planning method for laser additive repair, aiming at the problem that the repair track of a complex irregular part is not easy to determine in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
the invention discloses a track planning method for laser additive repair, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, according to a workpiece to be repaired, determining a damaged part and a defect specification size through scanning, establishing a model, and performing semi-ellipsoidal patching on the defect part;
step 2, planning a laser additive repair path and the number of cladding layers according to the planned shape and size of the patching area, cutting the semi-ellipsoidal model obtained by patching by adopting a group of cutting planes which are parallel to an XZ coordinate plane and have a distance of delta, so as to obtain a group of crossed track lines, namely corresponding cladding track lines,
the laser cladding path distance, namely the distance delta between the cutting planes is controlled by the lap joint rate, then the slice width delta is calculated by the formula (1), and the corresponding lap joint rate eta is obtained by substituting the formula (2)s；
In the formulas (1) and (2), l is the width of a single-channel cladding layer and the unit is mm; h is the height of the single-pass cladding layer, and the unit is mm;
the lifting amount Δ Z (in mm) of each cladding layer Z axis is obtained by the formula (3):
then planning the track of the laser additive repair by the slice width delta and the lifting amount of the Z axis delta Z (in mm).
As a preferred mode, the specific numerical value of the first single pass is determined by combining with an actual optimal cladding process test, the optimal laser cladding process parameter is selected as an experimental parameter, after the first pass is welded by the process parameter, the width and the height of the single pass are obtained by measuring with a vernier caliper, and the subsequent pass parameters are calculated by the formulas (1) - (3).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a repair track planning method aiming at the patching curved surface with the complex shape of the part, avoids influencing the repair of the non-failure area in the repair process, further improves the pertinence and the efficiency of the repair process, and provides certain reference basis for the planning of the cladding area and the like by extracting the boundary of the damaged area and providing the position information of the damaged area of the part.
2. By adopting the track planning method for laser material increase repair, the repair track of the defect model can be accurately planned, and the method is convenient to popularize.
3. In the process of repairing the defect area by laser additive, the invention avoids influencing the repair of the area which is not failed, and further improves the repair pertinence.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a semi-ellipsoidal patch shape processing
FIG. 2 is a slice view of a patch model
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the calculation of the Z-axis lifting amount model for the multi-layer cladding
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The invention discloses a track planning method for laser additive repair, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, according to a workpiece to be repaired, determining a damaged part and a defect specification size through scanning, establishing a model, and performing semi-ellipsoidal patching on the defect part as shown in figure 1;
step 2, planning a laser additive repair path and the number of cladding layers according to the planned shape and size of the patching area, as shown in fig. 2, cutting the semi-ellipsoidal model obtained by patching by adopting a group of cutting planes which are parallel to the XZ coordinate plane and have a distance of delta, so as to obtain a group of crossed track lines (intersecting lines of the cutting planes and the semi-ellipsoidal patching area), namely corresponding cladding track lines, wherein:
controlling the width delta of the slice (namely the distance between two adjacent groups of tangent planes) by the lap joint rate, determining a specific numerical value by combining an optimal cladding process test in practice, selecting an optimal laser cladding process parameter as an experimental parameter, obtaining the optimal laser cladding process parameter by repeated experimental search according to a repair material, taking a nickel-based superalloy as an example, taking a working parameter under the conditions of laser power of 1700w, laser scanning speed of 5mm/s and powder feeding amount of 15g/min as an optimal parameter, and obtaining the width and the height of a single weld pass through measurement of a vernier caliper after the first weld pass is welded by the process parameter, (the single weld pass is a basic weld pass forming a cladding track, wherein the cladding track is composed of a plurality of single weld passes, and the first weld pass is provided with a clamping blockThe ruler is measured and the subsequent weld pass parameters are calculated as follows. ) Then calculating by formula (1) to obtain the slice width delta, substituting formula (2) to obtain the corresponding lap joint rate etas；
In the formulas (1) and (2), l is the width of a single-channel cladding layer and the unit is mm; h is the height of the single-pass cladding layer and the unit is mm.
As shown in fig. 3, a rectangular plane coordinate system XOY is established in the cladding plane, according to the characteristics of multilayer cladding, it is assumed that the lifting amount of the Z axis of each cladding layer is Δ Z during single-pass multilayer cladding, and it is assumed for the model that each cladding layer is an arc with equal cross-sectional area, and the curvature of the track remains unchanged after cladding. Theoretically, the relative flatness of the front layer and the rear layer before cladding is ensured. This gives:
SEFH＝SADE+SCFG (3)
SACGD＝SOAHC-SOAC (4)
let AC ═ L, CH ═ h, AD ═ Δ Z, and arc radius r. Can be substituted by the formulas (3) and (4):
then planning the track of the laser additive repair by the slice width delta and the lifting amount of the Z axis delta Z (in mm).
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The invention discloses a track planning method for laser additive repair, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, according to a workpiece to be repaired, determining a damaged part and a defect specification size through scanning, establishing a model, and performing semi-ellipsoidal patching on the defect part;
step 2, planning a laser additive repair path and the number of cladding layers according to the planned shape and size of the patching area, cutting the semi-ellipsoidal model obtained by patching by adopting a group of cutting planes which are parallel to an XZ coordinate plane and have a distance of delta, so as to obtain a group of crossed track lines, namely corresponding cladding track lines,
the laser cladding path distance, namely the distance delta between the cutting planes is controlled by the lap joint rate, then the slice width delta is calculated by the formula (1), and the corresponding lap joint rate eta is obtained by substituting the formula (2)s；
In the formulas (1) and (2), l is the width of a single-channel cladding layer; h is the height of a single cladding layer;
the lifting amount Δ Z of each cladding layer Z axis is obtained by the formula (3):
and planning a laser additive repair track for delta Z through the slice width delta and the lifting amount of the Z axis.
2. The trajectory planning method for laser additive repair according to claim 1, wherein a first single pass of welding pass is combined with an actual optimal cladding process test to determine a specific value thereof, an optimal laser cladding process parameter is selected as an experimental parameter, after the first welding pass is welded by the process parameter, the width and the height of the single pass of welding pass are obtained by measuring with a vernier caliper, and subsequent welding pass parameters are calculated by equations (1) - (3).
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113909495A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-01-11 | 金华职业技术学院 | Curved surface multi-channel linear cladding path development method |
| CN114185309A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-15 | 武汉理工大学 | Laser cladding path generation method based on powder deposition morphology prediction model |
| CN115386873A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-11-25 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Defect repairing method for TA15 titanium alloy part formed by selective laser melting |
| CN115519134A (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2022-12-27 | 西安鑫泰航智能制造有限公司 | Partition dynamic trajectory planning strategy-based additive manufacturing method for metal parts with complex structures |
| CN115786909A (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-03-14 | 西安国盛激光科技有限公司 | Guide laser cladding repair method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113909495A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-01-11 | 金华职业技术学院 | Curved surface multi-channel linear cladding path development method |
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| CN115386873A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-11-25 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Defect repairing method for TA15 titanium alloy part formed by selective laser melting |
| CN115519134A (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2022-12-27 | 西安鑫泰航智能制造有限公司 | Partition dynamic trajectory planning strategy-based additive manufacturing method for metal parts with complex structures |
| CN115519134B (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2024-04-16 | 西安鑫泰航智能制造有限公司 | Complex structure metal part additive manufacturing method based on zoning dynamic track planning strategy |
| CN115786909A (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-03-14 | 西安国盛激光科技有限公司 | Guide laser cladding repair method |
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