CN112660013B

CN112660013B - Cold storage type refrigerator car and cold storage battery automatic replacing device matched with same

Info

Publication number: CN112660013B
Application number: CN202011624362.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王达; 魏雯雯; 杨相政; 贾连文; 连欢
Original assignee: JINAN INSTITUTE OF FRUIT PRODUCTS CHINA COOP
Current assignee: JINAN INSTITUTE OF FRUIT PRODUCTS CHINA COOP
Priority date: 2020-12-31
Filing date: 2020-12-31
Publication date: 2022-05-31
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-31
Also published as: CN112660013A

Abstract

The invention discloses a cold storage type refrigerator car and a cold storage battery automatic replacement device matched with the cold storage type refrigerator car, and relates to the technical field of cold chain logistics transportation. The battery pack comprises two battery pack-in units which are symmetrically arranged, and universal wheels are arranged at the bottoms of the battery pack-in units. And a correction unit is rotationally arranged in a pit between the two battery loading units, and the battery loading units are in sliding connection with the correction unit. The battery loading unit comprises an outer layer frame body, an inner layer frame body and a heat exchanger, wherein cold accumulation slideways arranged in a matrix manner are arranged on the heat exchanger. The outer side of the heat exchanger is provided with a web plate, the web plate is provided with a push rod and a pushing cylinder used for driving the push rod to reciprocate in a sliding mode, and the wing plate is provided with a positioning pin capable of sliding left and right. The bottom of this refrigerator car is provided with the cold-storage battery, and can realize the automatic change of cold-storage battery in the refrigerator car through this cold volume utilization device, ensures product cold chain logistics quality.

Description

Cold storage type refrigerator car and automatic cold storage battery replacing device matched with same

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cold-chain logistics transportation, in particular to a cold storage type refrigerator car and a cold storage battery automatic replacing device matched with the cold storage type refrigerator car.

Background

At present, some fresh agricultural products are generally packaged in a mode of 'heat preservation box + ice bag', in the actual use process, the ice bag and the fresh agricultural products to be transported are mixed and placed in the heat preservation box, and then the heat preservation box is sealed. Because the ice bag of this kind of mode in inconvenient to the insulation can is changed, consequently this kind of mode more is applicable to the short distance transportation, has very big limitation to long-distance transport, if will change the ice bag midway, must open the insulation can, relate to the efficiency of unloading, unseal, change, shipment in the middle of this, reduction cold chain transportation that can be great.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a cold storage type refrigerator car and an automatic cold storage battery replacing device matched with the cold storage type refrigerator car.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the utility model provides a cold-storage refrigerator car, includes the automobile body and set up in the packing box on the cargo carrying chassis of automobile body, the packing box including the main tank body that has the heat preservation function, the bottom of main tank body is provided with along transversely running through the packing box be used for holding the cold-storage battery put cold slide, the left and right both sides of the leading flank of packing box and trailing flank are provided with the locating piece respectively, the locating piece on be provided with the locating hole.

Further, the packing box in be provided with the second support bracket who forms by the heat conduction material preparation, second support bracket include two second end plates, two the second end plate between be provided with a plurality of second support section of thick bamboos along the fore-and-aft direction equipartition, the second end plate on be provided with the second support section of thick bamboo one-to-one third through-hole, the packing box on be provided with respectively with the second support section of thick bamboo one-to-one fourth through-hole, the hole and the third through-hole and the fourth through-hole that correspond of second support section of thick bamboo have formed the cold slide of putting jointly, the packing box in be located the top of second support bracket is provided with the second backup pad, just the downside of second backup pad compresses tightly on the up end of second end plate.

A cold accumulation battery automatic replacing device matched with a cold accumulation type refrigerator car comprises two battery loading units which are symmetrically arranged, wherein a correction unit is arranged in a pit between the two battery loading units;

the correcting unit comprises a correcting frame body which is rotationally connected with a fixed rotating shaft in the pit, a fixed oil cylinder which is used for tightly propping against the bottom surface of the pit is arranged on the correcting frame body, correcting sliding frames are arranged at the left end and the right end of the correcting frame body in a sliding manner, and a correcting oil cylinder is arranged between each correcting sliding frame and the correcting frame body;

the battery loading unit comprises an outer layer frame body fixedly connected with the correcting sliding frame, universal wheels are arranged on the bottom surface of the outer layer frame body, an inner layer frame body capable of sliding back and forth relative to the outer layer frame body is arranged in the outer layer frame body, a heat exchanger capable of sliding up and down relative to the inner layer frame body is arranged in the inner layer frame body, and a driving unit used for driving the heat exchanger to slide up and down is arranged between the heat exchanger and the inner layer frame body;

the heat exchanger comprises a heat insulation shell, a plurality of cold accumulation slideways which transversely penetrate through the heat insulation shell and are used for accommodating cold accumulation batteries are arranged in the heat insulation shell, the cold accumulation slideways are arranged in a matrix manner, and a feeding pipe and a discharging pipe are respectively arranged on the heat insulation shell;

the outer side of the heat exchanger is sequentially provided with a web plate and a push rod mounting plate from inside to outside, wherein the front end and the rear end of the web plate are respectively connected with the inner layer frame body in a sliding way through wing plates, a push rod is correspondingly arranged on each row of cold accumulation slide ways, the push rod is fixedly connected with the push rod mounting plate, and the inner end of the push rod penetrates through the web plate and extends to the inner side of the web plate;

the web on be located the outside of pterygoid lamina is provided with and is used for the drive push rod reciprocating motion's propelling movement cylinder, the pterygoid lamina on be provided with the locating pin that can the horizontal slip, work as the locating pin insert the locating hole in, the push rod with put cold slide one-to-one alignment on the packing box.

Further, the insulating case in the fixed baffle that is provided with, the baffle will the inner space of insulating case cuts apart into the even subspace of a plurality of along upper and lower direction, and every the subspace in all be provided with a line cold-storage slide, inlet pipe and discharging pipe be located respectively the preceding, back both sides of insulating case, just inlet pipe and discharging pipe on be provided with respectively with subspace one-to-one feeding branch pipe and ejection of compact branch pipe.

Further, the subspace in all be provided with the first support bracket that forms by the heat conduction material preparation, first support bracket include two first end plates, two first end plate between be provided with a plurality of first supporting barrels that are used for bearing cold-storage battery along the fore-and-aft direction equipartition, first end plate on be provided with first supporting barrel one-to-one's first through-hole, be provided with respectively on the left side wall of heat preservation casing and the right side wall with first supporting barrel one-to-one's second through-hole, the hole of first supporting barrel has formed the cold-storage slide jointly with first through-hole and the second through-hole that correspond.

Furthermore, a cold source inlet pipe and a cold source outlet pipe are pre-buried in the ground, when the correction oil cylinder is in an extreme extension state and the battery loading unit is vertical to the pit, the cold source inlet pipe is coaxial with the inlet pipe of the heat exchanger, and the cold source outlet pipe is coaxial with the outlet pipe of the heat exchanger.

Furthermore, a first supporting plate longitudinally striding the pit along the front-back direction is arranged between the two battery loading units above the pit.

Furthermore, the front side frame and the rear side frame of the inner layer frame body both comprise two stand columns, two stand columns are arranged on the inner side face of the wing plate, two jacking cylinders which are arranged in a back-to-back mode and used for jacking the stand columns are arranged between the two stand columns.

Furthermore, the cold accumulation battery comprises a closed shell, and the cold accumulation agent is filled in the shell. And end sockets made of heat-insulating materials are fixedly arranged at two ends of the shell respectively.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. through the useless cold recovery of LNG, can effectively avoid the energy extravagant, simultaneously, cold-storage battery among the device can cyclic utilization, compares in traditional disposable ice bag, the waste of the resource that also can avoid.

2. The heat exchanger in the device can realize quick cold charging of the cold storage battery due to large temperature difference heat exchange, and can complete cold charging operation within 3-5 minutes, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of cold chain circulation.

3. The device can realize automatic cold charging, storage, taking out and loading of the cold storage battery, improves the efficiency of replacing the cold storage battery at a station, can replace the cold storage battery in the refrigerator car on the way of transportation conveniently under the condition of long-distance transportation, realizes a whole cold chain, and is favorable for improving the efficiency of cold storage transportation.

4. When the cold storage battery is replaced, the refrigerator car does not need to load and unload goods in the vehicle, and the cold storage battery of the refrigerator car can be directly replaced, so that the cold chain transportation efficiency can be effectively improved.

5. The device's use is favorable to having changed traditional two point type cold chain modes, and adaptable emerging distribution mode sets up living bright supermarket through the website along the way, can realize the multipoint mode of commodity circulation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the overground part and the correction unit in the pit;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the calibration unit;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the calibration unit;

fig. 6 is a perspective view of the battery loading unit;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 6;

fig. 8 is a side view of the battery loading unit;

FIG. 9 is a sectional view A-A of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the portion C of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of an outer frame body;

fig. 12 is a schematic perspective view of the battery loading unit with the outer frame hidden;

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the positioning member;

FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of portion D of FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective view of an inner frame;

FIG. 16 is an exploded view of the heat exchanger;

fig. 17 is a schematic perspective view of a cold storage battery;

FIG. 18 is an enlarged view of section E of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the cargo box;

FIG. 20 is an enlarged view of portion F of FIG. 19;

fig. 21 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the cargo box;

FIG. 22 is an enlarged schematic view of portion G of FIG. 21;

FIG. 23 is a first diagram illustrating the operation state;

FIG. 24 is a second operation state diagram;

FIG. 25 is a third operational state diagram;

FIG. 26 is an enlarged view of portion H of FIG. 25;

FIG. 27 is a fourth operating state diagram;

FIG. 28 is an enlarged view of portion I of FIG. 27;

fig. 29 is a fifth operation state diagram.

In the figure: 1-battery loading unit, 11-outer layer frame body, 111-plug block, 112-universal wheel, 113-second guide rail,

12-inner layer frame body, 121-second sliding block, 122-third guide rail, 123-lead screw, 124-synchronous pulley, 125-synchronous belt, 126-servo motor, 127-motor mounting rack, 128-fourth guide rail, 129-upright post,

13-heat exchanger, 131-heat preservation box body, 1311-third slide block, 1312-screw nut, 1313-photoelectric switch, 1314-partition plate, 132-heat preservation closing plate, 133-first support bracket, 1331-first end plate, 1332-first support cylinder, 134-feed pipe, 1341-feed branch pipe, 135-discharge pipe, 1351-discharge branch pipe,

14-positioning sliding frame, 141-web plate, 1411-guide sleeve, 1412-detection rod, 142-wing plate, 1421-fourth sliding block, 1422-sliding seat, 1423-jacking cylinder, 143-second reinforcing rib plate,

15-a push rod mounting plate, 151-a push rod,

16-pushing the air cylinder to push the air cylinder,

17-a positioning pin, wherein the positioning pin is arranged on the base,

2-ground, 21-pit, 22-groove, 221-first supporting plate,

3-a correction unit, 31-a correction frame body, 311-a first guide rail, 32-a fixed rotating shaft, 33-a correction sliding frame, 331-a sliding bottom plate, 332-a limiting column, 3321-an inserting groove, 333-a vertical connecting plate, 334-a reinforced connecting plate, 335-a first reinforced rib plate, 34-a correction oil cylinder, 35-a fixed oil cylinder and 351-a jacking block,

4-cargo box, 41-main box, 42-second support bracket, 421-second end plate, 422-second support cylinder, 43-second support plate, 44-positioning block, 441-positioning hole,

5-cold storage battery, 51-shell, 511-clamping part, 52-plug screw, 53-seal head half body and 531-limit groove.

Detailed Description

For convenience of description, a coordinate system is defined as shown in fig. 1, and the left-right direction is taken as a transverse direction, the front-back direction is taken as a longitudinal direction, and the up-down direction is taken as a vertical direction.

As shown in fig. 1 and 19, a cold storage refrigerator car includes a car body, and the car body may be a car body of an existing refrigerator car, which belongs to the prior art and is not described herein again. A cargo box 4 for containing cargos is fixedly arranged on the cargo carrying chassis of the vehicle body.

As shown in fig. 19, the cargo box 4 includes a main box 41 having a heat preservation function, a cooling slide way transversely penetrating the cargo box 4 is provided at the bottom of the main box 41, and a cold storage battery 5 is provided in the cooling slide way.

As a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 21, a second support bracket 42 made of a heat conductive material for supporting the cold storage battery 5 is provided in the container 4 in the present embodiment, and preferably, the second support bracket 42 is made of a metal material. The second support bracket 42 includes two second end plates 421 in a rectangular shape, and the outer side surfaces of the second end plates 421 (the side opposite to the two second end plates 421 is the inner side) are attached to the inner side walls of the container 4. Two second end plate 421 between along the fore-and-aft direction equipartition be provided with a plurality of second support section of thick bamboo 422, just the left and right both ends of a second support section of thick bamboo 422 respectively through welded mode with second end plate 421 fixed connection. The second end plate 421 is provided with third through holes corresponding to the second support cylinders 422 one to one, the third through holes and the corresponding second support cylinders 422 are coaxially arranged, and the diameter of the third through holes is equal to the inner diameter of the second support cylinders 422. Fourth through holes corresponding to the second supporting cylinders 422 one to one are respectively formed in the left side wall and the right side wall of the container 4, the fourth through holes and the corresponding second supporting cylinders 422 are coaxially arranged, and the diameter of each fourth through hole is equal to the inner diameter of the corresponding second supporting cylinder 422. The inner hole of the second supporting cylinder 422 and the corresponding third through hole and fourth through hole together form a cold discharge slideway for accommodating the cold storage battery 5.

A second supporting plate 43 made of a heat conducting material is arranged above the second supporting bracket 42 in the cargo box 4, and the lower side surface of the second supporting plate 43 is pressed on the upper end surface of the second end plate 421.

As shown in fig. 19, an opening for installing a door is provided on one side of the cargo box 4, and a lower edge of the opening is located above the second support plate 43. Preferably, the lower edge of the opening is flush with the upper side of the second support plate 43.

As shown in fig. 19 and 20, the container 4 is provided with positioning blocks 44 on the left and right sides of the front and rear sides, respectively, and the positioning blocks 44 are provided with positioning holes 441.

As shown in fig. 17 and 18, the cold storage battery 5 includes a closed housing 51, and the housing 51 is filled with a cold storage agent. The two ends of the housing 51 are respectively and fixedly provided with end sockets made of heat insulating materials, and preferably, as shown in fig. 12, the thickness (dimension along the axial direction of the cold storage battery 54) of the end sockets is greater than the thickness of the side wall of the heat insulating box 131.

As a specific implementation manner, as shown in fig. 14 and fig. 15, in this embodiment, two end faces of the housing 51 are respectively provided with a clamping portion 511 mounted in a stepped shaft manner, the clamping portion 511 sequentially includes a first shaft section and a second shaft section in a direction away from the end faces along an axis, and a diameter of the first shaft section is smaller than a diameter of the second shaft section. One of the clamping parts 511 is of an integrated closed structure, and the other clamping part 511 is provided with an outer opening, and the opening is provided with a sealing plug screw 52. The end socket is composed of two end socket half bodies 53 which are symmetrically arranged, the end socket half bodies 53 are provided with limiting grooves 531, when the two end socket half bodies 53 are buckled and connected into a whole, the limiting grooves 531 on the two end socket half bodies 53 jointly form a step blind hole matched with the clamping part 511, and the step blind hole is matched with the clamping part 511 to limit the freedom degree of the end socket moving relative to the axis of the shell 51. The two end socket half bodies 53 are fixedly connected through bolts.

The utility model provides an automatic device of changing of cold-storage battery with cold-storage refrigerator car complex includes two structures are the same, and symmetrical arrangement's battery unit of packing 1, battery unit of packing 1 place on ground 2. A pit 21 is arranged between the two battery loading units 1, the left end and the right end of the pit 21 extend to the lower part of the battery loading unit 1, and a correction unit 3 is arranged in the pit 21. A first support plate 221 longitudinally spanning the pit 21 in the front-rear direction is provided on the floor 2 between the two battery charging units 1, and the refrigerator car can run through the pit 21 in the longitudinal direction under the support of the first support plate 221.

Further, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, a groove 22 for accommodating the first supporting plate 221 is disposed on the ground 2, and when the first supporting plate 221 is placed in the groove 22, the upper side of the first supporting plate 221 is flush with the ground 2.

As shown in fig. 5, the calibration unit 3 includes a calibration frame body 31 having a rectangular frame structure, a fixed rotating shaft 32 is disposed on the bottom surface of the pit 21, and the fixed rotating shaft 32 is fixedly connected to the foundation of the pit 21 through an anchor bolt. The correcting frame body 31 is rotatably connected with the fixed rotating shaft 32 through a bearing assembly, and the axis of the fixed rotating shaft 32 coincides with the projection of the geometric center of the correcting frame body 31 in the horizontal plane.

The left and right both ends symmetry of the side of going up of correction support body 31 is provided with correction balladeur train 33, just correction balladeur train with correction support body 31 sliding connection, correction balladeur train 33 can for correction support body 31 slide from side to side.

As a specific implementation manner, in this embodiment, the calibration carriage 33 includes a sliding bottom plate 331, first sliding blocks are fixedly disposed on front and rear sides of a lower side surface of the sliding bottom plate 331, and first guide rails 311 matched with the first sliding blocks are disposed on front and rear sides of an upper side surface of the calibration frame body 31. Four corners of the upper side surface of the sliding bottom plate 331 are respectively provided with a limiting column 332, and the upper end surface of the limiting column 332 is provided with an insertion groove 3321 extending downwards along the vertical direction. The sliding bottom plate 331 is provided with a vertical connecting plate 333, and a first reinforcing rib plate 335 is arranged between the outer side surface (the side close to the fixed rotating shaft 32 is the inner side) of the vertical connecting plate 333 and the sliding bottom plate 331. Preferably, the front and rear ends of the vertical connecting plate 333 are respectively and fixedly connected to two limiting columns 332 located inside (taking the side close to the fixed rotating shaft 32 as the inside) by welding. A reinforcing connecting plate 334 is arranged between the two limiting columns 332 on the front side and the rear side, the left end and the right end of the reinforcing connecting plate 334 are fixedly connected with the limiting columns 332 respectively in a welding mode, and the lower end of the reinforcing connecting plate 334 is fixedly connected with the sliding bottom plate 331 in a welding mode.

The correcting frame body 31 on be located the inboard of correcting the carriage 33 (use the one side of being close to fixed pivot 32 as the inboard) is provided with correction cylinder 34, correction cylinder 34 the cylinder body with correcting frame body 31 fixed connection, the rod end of correction cylinder 34's piston rod with vertical connecting plate 333 fixed connection.

The correcting frame body 31 on be located the left and right both sides of fixed pivot 32 are provided with fixed hydro-cylinder 35 respectively, fixed hydro-cylinder 35 the cylinder body with correcting frame body 31 fixed connection, the rod end of the piston rod of fixed hydro-cylinder 35 passes correcting frame body 31 extend to the below of correcting frame body 31, just the fixed puller block 351 that is provided with on the rod end of the piston rod of fixed hydro-cylinder 35. Preferably, two fixed oil cylinders 35 are disposed on the left and right sides of the fixed rotating shaft 32, and the two fixed oil cylinders 35 located on the same side are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the correcting oil cylinder 34.

As shown in fig. 6, 8 and 11, the battery loading unit 1 includes an outer frame 11, and a projection of the outer frame 11 in a symmetrical plane has a hollow square structure. The lower side surface of the outer frame body 11 is fixedly provided with an insertion block 111 matched with the insertion groove 3321 on the limiting column 332, and when the insertion block 111 is inserted into the insertion groove 3321, the projection of the outer frame body 11 in the horizontal plane is perpendicular to the correcting frame body. Universal wheels 112 are fixedly arranged at four corners of the bottom surface of the outer layer frame body 11 respectively.

Here, the symmetry plane refers to a vertical plane about which the two battery housing units 1 are symmetrical, and the symmetry plane described below also refers to the symmetry plane, which will not be described in detail in the following description.

As shown in fig. 6 and 8, an inner frame 12 is disposed in the outer frame 11, and a projection of the inner frame 12 in a symmetrical plane is also a hollow square structure. The upper side and the lower side of the inner layer frame body 12 are respectively and fixedly provided with a second sliding block 121, and the inner sides of the upper frame and the lower frame of the outer layer frame body 11 are respectively and fixedly provided with a second guide rail 113 matched with the second sliding block 121. The inner frame 12 can slide back and forth relative to the outer frame 11.

As shown in fig. 12, a rectangular heat exchanger 13 that can slide up and down relative to the inner frame 12 is disposed in the inner frame 12, an inner surface of the heat exchanger 13 (a side opposite to the two battery loading units 1 is an inner side) is flush with an inner surface of the outer frame 11, and the inner surface of the inner frame 12 is located outside the inner surface of the outer frame 11. A driving unit for driving the heat exchanger 13 to slide up and down is arranged between the heat exchanger 13 and the inner frame body 12.

As a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 12 and 15, in this embodiment, third guide rails 122 extending in the vertical direction are respectively fixedly disposed on the left and right sides of the inner side surfaces of the front frame and the rear frame of the inner frame 12, and third sliding blocks 1311 matched with the third guide rails 122 are respectively fixedly disposed on the front side and the rear side of the heat exchanger 13. The driving unit comprises lead screws 123 respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side of the heat exchanger 13, the upper end and the lower end of each lead screw 123 are respectively rotatably connected with the inner frame body 12 through bearing assemblies, and the front side and the rear side of the heat exchanger 13 are respectively provided with nuts 1312 matched with the lead screws 123. The upper ends of the two lead screws 123 penetrate through the upper frame of the inner frame 12 and extend to the upper side of the inner frame 12, synchronous pulleys 124 are fixedly arranged at the upper ends of the lead screws 123, and the two synchronous pulleys 124 are connected through a synchronous belt 125. A servo motor 126 is arranged above the lead screw 123 on the front side, the servo motor 126 is fixedly connected with the inner layer frame body 12 through a motor mounting frame 127, and a power output shaft of the servo motor 126 is fixedly connected with the upper end part of the lead screw 123 on the front side through a coupler.

As shown in fig. 16, the heat exchanger 13 includes a hollow heat-insulating casing having a rectangular parallelepiped structure and formed by a heat-insulating casing 131 and a heat-insulating sealing plate 132, the heat-insulating casing 131 and the heat-insulating sealing plate 132 are both made of heat-insulating material, and the heat-insulating sealing plate 132 is hermetically connected to the heat-insulating casing 131 through screws. In a specific embodiment, the opening of the thermal insulation box 131 faces inward (the opposite side of the two battery loading units 1 is the inner side), and the thermal insulation sealing plate 132 is disposed inside the thermal insulation box 131 and is fixedly connected to the thermal insulation box 131 through screws.

A plurality of partition plates 1314 extending along the horizontal direction are fixedly arranged in the heat-insulating shell, and the partition plates 1314 are made of heat-insulating materials. The partition 1314 divides the internal space of the incubator body 131 into a plurality of subspaces, and preferably, the plurality of partitions 1314 are uniformly arranged along the vertical direction.

Each of the sub-spaces is provided with a first support bracket 133 made of a heat conductive material for supporting the cold storage battery 5, and preferably, the first support bracket 133 is made of a metal material. The first supporting bracket 133 includes two first end plates 1331 in a rectangular shape, and the outer side surfaces of the first end plates 1331 (the side opposite to the two first end plates 1331 is the inner side) are attached to the inner side walls of the heat-insulating housing. Two first end plates 1331 between along the fore-and-aft direction equipartition be provided with a plurality of first supporting tubes 1332, just the left and right both ends of first supporting tube 1332 respectively through welded mode with first end plate 1331 fixed connection. The first end plate 1331 is provided with first through holes corresponding to the first support cylinders 1332 one by one, the first through holes and the corresponding first support cylinders 1332 are coaxially arranged, and the diameter of each first through hole is equal to the inner diameter of each first support cylinder 1332. The left side wall and the right side wall of the heat preservation shell are respectively provided with a second through hole in one-to-one correspondence with the first supporting cylinder 1332, the second through holes and the corresponding first supporting cylinders 1332 are coaxially arranged, and the diameter of each second through hole is equal to the inner diameter of the corresponding first supporting cylinder 1332. The inner hole of the first support tube 1332 and the corresponding first through hole and second through hole together form a cold storage slideway for accommodating the cold storage battery 5.

The front side and the rear side of heat preservation casing are provided with respectively along inlet pipe 134 and the discharging pipe 135 of vertical direction extension, just the upper end of inlet pipe 134 and discharging pipe 135 is the cecum, the lower extreme of inlet pipe 134 and discharging pipe 135 is provided with flange. When the heat exchanger 13 is moved to the lower limit position, the lower ends of the feed pipe 134 and the discharge pipe 135 are extended to the lower side of the outer frame body 11.

A cold source inlet pipe (not shown in the figure) and a cold source outlet pipe (not shown in the figure) are pre-buried in the ground 2, and control valves are respectively arranged on the cold source inlet pipe and the cold source outlet pipe. Preferably, the lower ends of the feeding pipe 134 and the discharging pipe 135 are also provided with control valves. When the correction oil cylinder 34 is in a limit extending state, and the battery loading unit 1 is perpendicular to the pit 21, the cold source inlet pipe is coaxial with the inlet pipe 134 of the heat exchanger 13, and the cold source outlet pipe is coaxial with the outlet pipe 135 of the heat exchanger 13.

As a specific implementation manner, the cold source described in this embodiment uses the cold energy generated by LNG gasification, that is, the cold source inlet pipe is connected to the storage device for storing the LNG to be gasified, and the heat exchanger is used as a vaporizer, so that the LNG passing through the heat exchanger is gasified, and the cold energy is simultaneously released to exchange heat with the battery to be cold stored in the cold storage slideway, thereby realizing rapid cold storage of the cold storage battery.

The reason for this is that:

first, in a conventional gas station, 600 vehicles are filled per day, one vehicle is filled with 15-20 standard cubes (the natural gas volume is normally the cube number under normal pressure, namely the standard cube), and the amount per day is 9000 cubes and is about 400m³And/h, the recoverable cold quantity is about 50kw, which is equivalent to the refrigerating quantity of a refrigerating unit of 20-30 p.

Secondly, the hub function of the gas station is just matched with the cold chain transportation node, and if the part of cold energy can be used for cold storage transportation, the method has very important significance for realizing energy conservation, high efficiency and environmental protection of cold chain operation.

Thirdly, the boiling point of LNG is-162 ℃, the temperature difference is large, the heat exchange is carried out by large temperature difference, the rapid cold charging of the cold storage battery can be realized, the cold charging operation can be completed within 3-5 minutes, and the cold chain circulation efficiency is greatly improved.

The cold source can also be other refrigeration media, such as a conventional refrigeration unit, and the cold source inlet pipe is connected with the outlet of the refrigeration unit, and the cold source outlet pipe is connected with the inlet of the refrigeration unit.

The feeding pipe 134 is provided with feeding branch pipes 1341 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the subspaces of the heat preservation shell, the discharging pipe 135 is provided with discharging branch pipes 1351 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the subspaces of the heat preservation shell, the inner ends (the inner end is close to one end of the heat preservation shell) of the feeding branch pipes 1341 and the discharging branch pipes 1351 respectively penetrate through the side wall of the heat preservation shell and extend into the corresponding subspaces, and the feeding branch pipes 1341 and the discharging branch pipes 1351 are respectively in sealing connection with the heat preservation shell.

Preferably, the feeding pipe 134, the feeding branch pipe 1341, the discharging pipe 135 and the discharging branch pipe 1351 are all made of metal materials, and the outside of the pipe body is wrapped with an insulating layer made of insulating materials.

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the inner frame 12 is provided with a positioning carriage 14 that is slidable up and down with respect to the inner frame 12. The positioning carriage 14 includes a web 141 located outside the heat exchanger 13 (with the opposite side of the two battery housing units 1 as the inner side) and extending in the front-rear direction, wing plates 142 extending in the transverse direction and inward are respectively fixedly provided at the front and rear ends of the web 141, and the web 141 and the wing plates 142 form a U-shaped structure with an opening facing inward (with the opposite side of the two battery housing units 1 as the inner side). The inner side surfaces of the two wing plates 142 (the side opposite to the two wing plates 142 is the inner side) are respectively and fixedly provided with a fourth sliding block 1421, and the front side surface and the rear side surface of the inner frame body 12 (i.e. the outer side surfaces of the front side frame and the rear side frame of the inner frame body 12) are respectively provided with a fourth guide rail 128 matched with the fourth sliding block 1421.

As shown in fig. 7, 9, 12 and 13, a push rod mounting plate 15 is provided on the outer side of the positioning carriage 14 (the side opposite to the two battery mounting units 1 is the inner side), a plurality of push rods 151 extending inward in the lateral direction are fixedly provided on the inner side surface of the push rod mounting plate 15, and the plurality of push rods 151 are arranged in a line in the front-rear direction. The inner end of the push rod 151 passes through the web 141 of the positioning carriage 14 and extends to the inner side of the positioning carriage 14, and a guide sleeve 1411 matched with the push rod 151 is fixedly arranged on the inner side surface of the web 141 of the positioning carriage 14.

As shown in fig. 12, the cold storage sliding paths on the heat exchanger 13 are arranged in a matrix, and for convenience of description, the front-back direction is defined as a row, and the vertical direction is defined as a column, and in this embodiment, the cold storage sliding paths on the heat exchanger 13 are arranged in a matrix of 4 rows and 13 columns. The quantity of the push rods 151 is the same as the row number of the cold accumulation slideways, and the positions of the push rods 151 are in one-to-one correspondence, namely when the push rods 151 are aligned with one row of the cold accumulation slideways, the push rods 151 are in one-to-one correspondence with the cold accumulation slideways of the row, and the push rods 151 are coaxial with the cold accumulation slideways.

Two ends of the web plate 141 protrude out of the wing plate 142, and a second reinforcing rib plate 143 is arranged between the wing plate 142 and the web plate 141. A pushing cylinder 16 is arranged on the web 141 and positioned at the outer side of the wing plate 142, the cylinder body of the pushing cylinder 16 is fixedly connected with the web 141, and the rod end of the piston rod of the pushing cylinder 16 is fixedly connected with the push rod mounting plate 15.

As shown in fig. 7, 9 and 12, the heat exchanger 13 is provided with photoelectric switches 1313 corresponding to the subspaces of the thermal insulation housing one to one, and the inner side surface of the web 141 of the positioning carriage 14 is provided with a detection rod 1412 matched with the photoelectric switches 1313. When the detection rod 1412 is aligned with a certain photoelectric switch 1313, the push rod 151 is exactly aligned with the cold storage slide ways in the sub-space corresponding to the photoelectric switch 1313 one by one, that is, the push rod 151 is in one-to-one correspondence with the cold storage slide ways in the sub-space corresponding to the photoelectric switch 1313, and the push rod 151 is coaxial with the cold storage slide ways.

As shown in fig. 13, positioning pins 17 that can slide left and right with respect to the positioning carriage 14 are respectively disposed on the upper and lower sides of the pushing cylinder 16 on the outer side surface of the wing plate 142, and a slide 1422 that is engaged with the positioning pins 17 is disposed on the wing plate 142. When the positioning pins 17 of the battery loading unit 1 are inserted into the positioning holes 441 of the container 4, the push rods 151 of the battery loading unit 1 correspond to the cooling slideways on the container 4 one by one, and the push rods 151 and the corresponding cooling slideways are in a coaxial state.

When the cold storage battery is replaced, the vehicle to be replaced with the cold storage battery 5 is first driven between the two battery housing units 1, and in the actual driving process, the vehicle and the battery housing unit 1 may not be in a strict parallel state, and thus the vehicle may be in a state shown in fig. 23. The specific working process is as follows:

firstly, on the premise that the fixing oil cylinder 35 is in a retraction state, the correction oil cylinder 34 retracts, so that the two battery loading units 1 are driven to move oppositely until a vehicle to be replaced with the cold storage battery 5 is clamped between the two battery loading units 1. Since the correcting frame body 31 is rotatably connected with the bottom surface of the pit 21 and the universal wheels 112 are arranged on the bottom surface of the battery loading unit 1, the correcting frame body 31 can rotate in the retraction process of the correcting oil cylinder 34, so that the included angle between the battery loading unit 1 and the vehicle can be adjusted until the vehicle to be replaced with the cold storage battery 5 is clamped between the two battery loading units 1, and at the moment, the battery loading unit 1 is parallel to the vehicle, namely, the state shown in fig. 24.

Secondly, the piston rod of the fixing cylinder 35 extends out, and the pressing block is pressed on the bottom surface of the pit 21, so that the fixing of the correcting frame body 31 is realized.

Thirdly, the fixed oil cylinder 35 is kept in an extending state, the correction oil cylinder 34 is started, a piston rod of the correction oil cylinder 34 extends out, and therefore the two battery loading units 1 are driven to move backwards, and at the moment, the correction frame body 31 is in a fixed state, so that the battery loading units 1 can be guaranteed to be parallel to the vehicle all the time.

Fourthly, the piston rods of the push cylinders located at both sides of the vehicle are simultaneously extended, and then the positions of the inner frame body 12 and the positioning carriage 14 are simultaneously adjusted until the positioning pins 17 are aligned with the positioning holes 441 on the cargo box 4 of the vehicle, and then the positioning pins 17 are inserted into the positioning holes 441, to achieve the state shown in fig. 25 and 26.

Fifthly, the servo motor 126 drives the heat exchanger 13 to move downwards, when the photoelectric switch 1313 corresponding to the subspace at the lowest side is aligned with the detection rod 1412, the photoelectric switch 1313 sends a signal, the servo motor 126 stops moving, and at the moment, the cold storage slideways in the subspace at the lowest side are aligned with the push rods 151 one by one. Since the push rods 151 are aligned with the cooling slide ways on the vehicle body 4 one by one when the positioning pins 17 are inserted into the positioning holes 441, the push rods 151, the cold storage slide ways, and the cooling slide ways are all aligned one by one at this time, and are in a coaxial state, that is, a state shown in fig. 27 and 28.

Sixthly, the fixed oil cylinder 35 is kept in an extending state, and the piston rod of the correction oil cylinder 34 retracts, so that the two battery loading units 1 are driven to move towards each other until the vehicle to be replaced with the cold storage battery 5 is clamped between the two battery loading units 1.

Seventh, the piston rod of the pushing cylinder on the left side is retracted, the cold storage battery 5 which has completed cold storage and is located in the heat exchanger 13 on the left side is pushed into the cold release chute of the cargo box 4 by the push rod 151, and the cold storage battery 5 on the rightmost side which is located in the cold release chute is pushed into the cold storage chute of the heat exchanger 13 on the right side, that is, the state shown in fig. 29.

Eighthly, the piston rod of the pushing cylinder on the left side extends out, and at the same time, on the premise of keeping the fixed cylinder 35 in the extending state, the piston rod of the correcting cylinder 34 extends out, so that the two battery loading units 1 are driven to move back to back.

Ninth, the servo motor 126 drives the heat exchanger 13 to move downwards continuously until the push rod 151 is aligned with the cold storage slide of the next adjacent subspace one by one.

Tenth, the piston rod of the correction cylinder 34 is retracted while the fixing cylinder 35 is kept in the extended state, so that the two battery loading units 1 are driven to move toward each other until the vehicle to be replaced with the cold storage battery 5 is clamped between the two battery loading units 1.

Eleventh, the piston rod of the pushing cylinder on the left side is retracted, and the cold storage battery 5 which has completed cold storage and is located in the heat exchanger 13 on the left side is pushed into the cold discharge chute of the cargo box 4 by the push rod 151, and at this time, the cold storage battery 5 on the rightmost side located in the cold discharge chute is pushed into the cold storage chute of the heat exchanger 13 on the right side.

Twelfth, the eighth step to the tenth step are repeated until all the cold storage batteries 5 in the container 4 are replaced, and then the piston rod of the correction cylinder 34 is extended to drive the vehicle out of the operation area.

When the cold accumulation batteries 5 in the left heat exchanger 13 are all used up, the cold accumulation batteries 5 with cold charge are filled in the right heat exchanger 13, at the moment, on the premise that the fixed oil cylinder 35 is in a retraction state, the correction oil cylinder 34 is started, a piston rod of the correction oil cylinder 34 extends out, then the heat exchanger 13 on the right side is dragged until the feeding pipe 134 of the heat exchanger 13 on the right side is aligned with the cold source inlet pipe, and the discharging pipe 135 is aligned with the cold source outlet pipe. Then servo motor 126 starts to drive heat exchanger 13 to move to the lower limit position, and then inlet pipe 134 is connected with the cold source inlet pipe, and outlet pipe 135 is connected with the cold source outlet pipe. Then the valves on the feed pipe 134, the discharge pipe 135, the cold source inlet pipe and the cold source outlet pipe are opened respectively to carry out cold charging. Similarly, when all the cold storage batteries 5 in the right heat exchanger 13 are used up, the cold storage batteries 5 with cold charge are fully charged in the left heat exchanger 13, and at this time, the above operation is repeated to charge the cold storage batteries 5 in the left heat exchanger 13.

Further, as shown in fig. 10, 14 and 15, the front frame and the rear frame of the inner frame 12 each include two upright posts 129, two tightening cylinders 1423 disposed back to back are disposed between the two upright posts 129 on the inner side surfaces of the wing plates 142 of the positioning carriage 14, the cylinder bodies of the tightening cylinders 1423 are fixedly connected to the wing plates 142, and the rod ends of the piston rods of the tightening cylinders 1423 are fixedly provided with top plates. When the piston rod of the jacking cylinder 1423 extends, the top plate is tightly propped against the upright post 129 under the pressing action of the jacking cylinder 1423.

The reason for this is that if the tightening cylinder 1423 is not provided, the positioning slide plate is fixed only by the cooperation of the positioning pin 17 and the positioning hole 441, which is not reliable enough, and by providing the tightening cylinder 1423, after the positioning pin 17 is inserted into the positioning hole 441 of the cargo box 4 to realize the positioning function, the tightening cylinder 1423 can be started, and the positioning carriage 14 is fixed by the tightening cylinder 1423, so that the degree of freedom of the positioning carriage 14 to slide up and down with respect to the inner frame body is limited.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a with automatic device of changing of cold-storage battery of cold-storage refrigerator car complex, cold-storage refrigerator car include the automobile body with set up in the packing box on the chassis that carries cargo of automobile body, the packing box including the main tank body that has the heat preservation function, the bottom of main tank body is provided with along transversely running through the packing box be used for holding cold-storage battery put cold slide, the left and right both sides of the leading flank of packing box and trailing flank are provided with the locating piece respectively, the locating piece on be provided with locating hole, its characterized in that: the device comprises two battery loading units which are symmetrically arranged, wherein a correction unit is arranged in a pit between the two battery loading units;

a pushing cylinder for driving the push rod to reciprocate is arranged on the web plate and positioned on the outer side of the wing plate, and a positioning pin capable of sliding left and right is arranged on the wing plate;

when the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole, the push rods are aligned with the cooling slide ways on the container one by one.

2. An automatic cold storage battery exchange device for use with a cold storage refrigerator car as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heat preservation casing in the fixed baffle that is provided with, the baffle divide into the even subspace of a plurality of with the inner space of heat preservation box along upper and lower direction, and every the subspace in all be provided with a line cold-storage slide, inlet pipe and discharging pipe be located respectively the preceding, the back both sides of heat preservation casing, just inlet pipe and discharging pipe on be provided with respectively with subspace one-to-one's feeding branch pipe and ejection of compact branch pipe.

3. An automatic cold storage battery replacement device cooperating with a cold storage refrigerator car as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the subspace in all be provided with the first support bracket that forms by the heat conduction material preparation, first support bracket include two first end plates, two first end plate between be provided with a plurality of first supporting barrels that are used for bearing cold-storage battery along the fore-and-aft direction equipartition, first end plate on be provided with the first through-hole of first supporting barrel one-to-one, be provided with respectively on the left side wall of heat preservation casing and the right side wall with the second through-hole of first supporting barrel one-to-one, the hole of first supporting barrel has formed the cold-storage slide with the first through-hole and the second through-hole that correspond jointly.

4. An automatic cold storage battery exchange device for use with a cold storage refrigerator car as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ground is pre-buried in has cold source to advance pipe and cold source exit tube, works as the correction hydro-cylinder be in limit extended state, just the battery pack into the unit with the pit when mutually perpendicular, cold source advance the pipe with the inlet pipe of heat exchanger is coaxial, the cold source exit tube with the discharging pipe of heat exchanger is coaxial.

5. An automatic cold storage battery exchange device for use with a cold storage refrigerator car as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a first supporting plate longitudinally striding the pit along the front-back direction is arranged between the two battery loading units above the pit.

6. An automatic cold storage battery exchange device for use with a cold storage refrigerator car as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the front side frame and the rear side frame of the inner layer frame body both comprise two stand columns, the inner side face of the wing plate is provided with two back-to-back arranged air cylinders used for jacking the stand columns.

7. An automatic cold storage battery exchange device for use with a cold storage refrigerator car as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cold accumulation battery comprises a closed shell, a cold accumulation agent is filled in the closed shell, and end sockets made of heat insulation materials are fixedly arranged at two ends of the closed shell respectively.