CN112659968A - Reservation charging method for battery-replaceable electric vehicle in parking lot - Google Patents
Reservation charging method for battery-replaceable electric vehicle in parking lot Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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- G06Q50/40—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
Abstract
The reserved charging method for the battery replacement type electric vehicle in the parking lot comprises the battery replacement type electric vehicle and the parking lot with a battery replacement function; the parking lot with the battery replacement function at least comprises a battery replacement subsystem, a centralized charging subsystem, a parking area, a parking lot monitoring subsystem and a parking lot scheduling subsystem; firstly, vehicle-electricity separation is realized through electricity changing operation, then orderly charging is carried out in a centralized manner, and vehicle-electricity restoration is realized through designated driving or automatic driving, so that a high-efficiency closed-loop process is formed; the problem of a large amount of constructions fill electric pile in the parking area has been avoided, a safer, efficient mode of charging is provided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a reserved charging method based on a battery replacement mode, which comprises the steps of firstly realizing vehicle-electricity separation through a battery replacement operation, then carrying out centralized ordered charging, and then realizing vehicle-electricity restoration through designated driving or automatic driving to form a high-efficiency closed-loop flow; the problem of building a large number of charging piles in a parking lot is avoided, and a safer and more efficient charging mode is provided; belonging to the technical field of electric vehicle charging.
Background
The recharging of electric vehicles has been a critical issue. It is necessary for the popularization of electric vehicles to establish a convenient and diversified "slow charging" system to meet the daily electric energy supply needs of a large number of users. However, there are many difficulties in constructing charging facilities in large quantities in parking lots of residential districts or commercial buildings, and such difficulties will be more apparent as the proportion of electric vehicles increases.
The main problems include: a large number of power cables need to be laid, the safety of construction, maintenance and use of the distributed charging facilities, the low utilization rate of the distributed charging facilities, and the like.
Taking a residential community as an example, particularly an old community, even if the proportion of the electric automobile is lower than 10% at the present stage, a charging pile is arranged in the community and has a great deal of resistance; if the proportion of the electric vehicles in the community exceeds 30%, the construction of the scattered charging piles in the community reaches the limit; next, it is also more unlikely that the charging demand when all the vehicles in the cell become electric vehicles can be satisfied; and the problem of fuel vehicle occupation caused by non-fixed parking spaces is difficult to solve. These would form a serious obstacle to the progress of motorization of the vehicle.
In the prior art, when a battery replacement mode is adopted, the time for replacing a battery pack by automatic battery replacement equipment for one time is about 60-90 seconds; the process of loading, unloading, transporting, charging and maintaining the battery pack has been completely automated.
The battery replacement mode has the advantages that: the occupied area is small; the single battery replacement operation time is short; the charging safety of the battery in the station is high;
the disadvantages of the battery replacement mode are: the battery pack standards are difficult to unify; the battery pack adopts a sharing mode to influence user experience, is difficult to accurately measure and charge, and can only adopt flexible charging modes such as 'charging according to mileage' and 'charging in monthly' and the like; a large number of self-contained battery packs are needed in the battery replacement station, and the construction cost is increased; slow charging at a charge rate (C-rate) of 1C or less is typically employed, thus affecting the "package turnover rate" during peak hours, i.e., affecting service capability.
Therefore, it is very necessary to design a more convenient and diversified charging facility service system by combining the advantages of the battery replacement mode.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention designs an appointment charging method based on a battery replacement mode, which comprises the steps of firstly realizing vehicle-electricity separation through battery replacement operation, then carrying out centralized ordered charging, and then realizing vehicle-electricity restoration through designated driving or automatic driving to form a high-efficiency closed-loop flow; the problem of a large amount of constructions fill electric pile in the parking area has been avoided, a safer, efficient mode of charging is provided.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a reserved charging method for a battery-replaceable electric vehicle in a parking lot is characterized by comprising the following steps: the system comprises a battery replacement type electric vehicle and a parking lot with a battery replacement function; the parking lot with the battery replacement function at least comprises a battery replacement subsystem, a centralized charging subsystem, a parking area, a parking lot monitoring subsystem and a parking lot scheduling subsystem; the power conversion type electric vehicle comprises a battery pack which is used as a first power source and can perform power conversion operation;
the reserved charging method for the battery-replaceable electric vehicle in the parking lot comprises the following steps:
s101, when the battery replacement type electric vehicle enters a parking lot with a battery replacement function and has a charging requirement, firstly executing a first battery replacement process: the power-exchanging type electric vehicle runs to the power-exchanging subsystem and exchanges the battery pack to be charged through the power-exchanging subsystem; namely establishing an appointment charging application;
s102, starting a second power source to drive to a parking area to park for a time which is not less than 3 hours by the battery-replaceable electric vehicle; tracking the power conversion type electric vehicle through a parking lot monitoring subsystem, determining the parking position of the power conversion type electric vehicle and recording;
the second power source of the battery-replaceable electric vehicle may be a fixed battery pack with a small capacity fixedly installed in the battery-replaceable electric vehicle, a battery pack with a small capacity temporarily provided by a service provider and the same as the vehicle-mounted battery pack interface, or a non-electric power source in the hybrid battery-replaceable electric vehicle;
s103, transporting the battery pack to be charged to a centralized charging subsystem to be discharged into a charging queue for charging in sequence;
s104, after the battery pack corresponding to a certain battery replacement type electric vehicle finishes the charging operation, taking out the battery pack from the centralized charging subsystem and executing a second battery replacement process: the power conversion type electric vehicle runs to the power conversion subsystem by using a second power source, and the charged battery pack is loaded into the power conversion type electric vehicle through the power conversion subsystem;
s105, the battery replacement type electric vehicle completing the second battery replacement process runs into the parking area again to park;
s106, after the operation is finished, when a user needs to use the battery-replaceable electric vehicle, the battery-replaceable electric vehicle can be directly used at any time;
the operation mode of the second power conversion process is one or the combination of two of a designated driving mode and an automatic driving mode:
firstly, a designated driving mode: according to the vehicle information and the parking position of the battery replacement type electric vehicle corresponding to the battery pack which is charged completely, a designated driver who obtains authorization starts the battery replacement type electric vehicle at the parking position and drives the battery replacement type electric vehicle to a battery replacement subsystem, the charged battery pack is loaded into the battery replacement type electric vehicle through the battery replacement subsystem, and then the designated driver continues to drive the battery replacement type electric vehicle to return to the parking area for parking;
second, the automatic driving mode: according to the vehicle information and the parking position of the battery pack corresponding to the battery pack which is charged, the parking lot dispatching subsystem establishes communication connection with the battery replacing type electric vehicle; and instructing the battery replacement type electric vehicle to start an automatic driving mode, driving to a battery replacement subsystem, loading the charged battery pack into the battery replacement type electric vehicle through the battery replacement subsystem, and then continuously starting the automatic driving mode by the battery replacement type electric vehicle to return to a parking area for parking.
Furthermore, a plurality of power switching subsystems are respectively arranged at different positions and used for improving power switching capacity and facilitating scheduling. The positions of the various power conversion subsystems and the centralized charging subsystem can be the inside or the outside of the parking area, and the arrangement inside is optimal.
Furthermore, the electronic tags of the identity information are arranged in the battery packs, and each battery replacement type electric vehicle can prevent the situation of replacement errors in the battery replacement process by checking the electronic tags of the corresponding battery packs, so that the battery packs are special.
Further, in the automatic driving mode, the battery-replaceable electric vehicle mainly depends on the parking lot monitoring subsystem to sense, guide and prompt the driving environment and the driving process of the battery-replaceable electric vehicle, so that the automatic driving process is completed.
Further, when the second power exchanging process is executed, the power exchanging electric vehicle temporarily drives away from the parking space, and after the second power exchanging is completed, the power exchanging electric vehicle returns to the original parking space so as to be convenient for a user to use; during the period, if the parking space is provided with the parking space locking device, the parking space locking device is started to temporarily lock the parking space until the corresponding battery-replaceable electric vehicle is unlocked when returning; if the parking space does not have the locking capacity, the parking lot monitoring subsystem carries out fixed-point monitoring on the parking space, and if other vehicles occupy the parking space, the parking lot monitoring subsystem sends out warning information to inform other vehicles of leaving, or the parking lot monitoring subsystem informs a manager of carrying out processing.
Further, when the battery replacement type electric vehicle enters a parking lot with a battery replacement function and has a charging requirement, a user can also select to directly stop the vehicle and send an appointment charging application to the parking lot scheduling subsystem, and the parking lot scheduling subsystem selects proper time and adopts the mode the same as a substitute driving mode or an automatic driving mode of a second battery replacement process to replace the user to execute a first battery replacement process.
Furthermore, the parking lot scheduling subsystem provides path navigation for designated driving personnel in the designated driving mode according to vehicle reservation charging information and road information provided by the parking lot monitoring subsystem; or real-time path planning is provided for the battery-swapping electric vehicle in the automatic driving mode, so that ordered automatic driving is realized.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the user can naturally and actively execute the first power exchanging process, but the slow charging process needs to be queued and waited, and the charging process is usually completed at night, so that the user is difficult to actively execute the second power exchanging process; the problem can be well solved through a designated driving mode or an automatic driving mode, so that the second power changing process is basically transparent to users and does not influence normal use;
2. under the condition that the electric vehicle occupies a small area at the present stage, the designated driving mode can meet the application requirement; with the increase of the ratio of electric vehicles and the continuous maturity of automatic driving technology; executing a second battery replacement process by means of low-speed automatic driving in a parking lot area with low difficulty; the utilization rate of the battery replacement system can be greatly improved, and the charging requirements of a large number of electric vehicles can be met;
3. the low-speed automatic driving of the vehicle with the road side facility as a sensing main body is realized through the parking lot monitoring subsystem, a high-specification automatic driving sensing system does not need to be installed on the vehicle, and the universality of low-end vehicle types is enhanced;
4. the 'centralized charging in the station' is very important and necessary, a series of problems of installation, operation, maintenance and the like of scattered charging facilities are solved, the occupied area of the centralized charging subsystem is smaller and easy to expand, the charging process is more efficient, safe and controllable, the battery pack can be routinely checked and maintained, and the problem of inconvenient use of the scattered open charging facilities caused by severe weather such as rain, snow, strong wind and the like can be avoided;
5. due to the adoption of a special mode of the battery pack, the charging electricity charge can be accurately measured and charged; if the sharing mode is adopted, the electricity charge part of the battery replacement is difficult to accurately calculate.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the structure and the operation schematic diagram of the reservation charging system of the battery-replaceable electric vehicle in the parking lot;
wherein: 1: power-change electric vehicle, 2: battery replacement system, 3: centralized charging subsystem, 4: parking area, 5: a parking lot monitoring subsystem;
the routes and arrow directions indicated by S101, S102, S103, S104, S105, S106 correspond to the functions of the respective steps.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the technical scheme of the invention mainly aims at the application scene that the residential area carries out daily appointment charging on electric vehicles in the residential area at night, and the application scene is characterized by comprising the following steps: the vehicle has long parking time and is convenient to dispatch; the electricity price is low; the road interference factor at night is less. The characteristics are fully utilized, so that the technical scheme of the invention can exert maximum benefit.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings; and take night charging of residential communities as an example, assuming that 1000 vehicles belong to residential communities, and analyzing the condition that the ratio of the electric vehicles changes in different periods.
Firstly, an electricity exchanging subsystem 2 is arranged in a parking lot and is arranged at a position where traffic is convenient; a centralized charging subsystem 3 is set under certain conditions near the battery replacement subsystem 2; namely, a parking lot with a battery replacement function is formed;
secondly, when a user drives the power change type electric vehicle 1 to enter a parking lot and has a charging requirement, the user actively drives the vehicle to come to the power change subsystem 2 and changes down a battery pack to be charged through the power change subsystem 2, and the process is a first power change process; since the user has been in the vehicle driving state before, it is most convenient for the user to actively perform the first power exchange process; certainly, if there are some special situations, such as that a user is in an emergency, or the waiting time for executing the power change operation is long in a peak period, the user can also select to directly stop the vehicle, send an appointment charging application to the parking lot scheduling subsystem, and select an appropriate time by the parking lot scheduling subsystem to adopt the same operation as the designated driving mode or the automatic driving mode of the second power change process to replace the user to execute the first power change process;
thirdly, the battery-replaceable electric vehicle 1 starts a second power source to drive to the parking area 4 to park and enters a 'night parking' stage, namely, the parking time is about 8-10 hours; tracking the power conversion type electric vehicle 1 through a parking lot monitoring subsystem 5, determining the parking position of the power conversion type electric vehicle and recording; it should be noted that, because a (standby type) second power source is used, the vehicle has limited mobility before performing the second power exchange process; similarly, because the number of the vehicle-mounted batteries is small in the parking process, the risk of accidents and spread to surrounding vehicles is greatly reduced;
fourthly, the battery pack to be charged is transported to the centralized charging subsystem 3 to be discharged into a charging queue for charging in sequence; the charging capability of the centralized charging subsystem 3 can be continuously expanded according to the increase of the number of electric vehicles; the battery packs in the station can be charged in sequence in about 10 hours at night (the charging rate is generally set to 0.5C to 1C); it should be noted that the sequence of the charging queue is closely related to the requirements of the users, for example, if the vehicle-using time of some users in the next day is earlier, the corresponding battery pack should be charged preferentially;
fifthly, after a battery pack corresponding to a certain battery replacement type electric vehicle 1 completes the charging operation (at this time, the battery pack may be periodically detected and maintained), the battery pack is taken out from the centralized charging subsystem 3, and a second battery replacement process is performed: the power conversion type electric vehicle 1 runs to the power conversion subsystem 2 by using a second power source, loads the charged battery pack into the power conversion type electric vehicle 1 through the power conversion subsystem 2, and then runs to the parking area 4 again for parking; the running mode of the second power conversion process is a designated driving mode or an automatic driving mode;
when the occupation ratio of the battery replacement type electric vehicle is lower than 20%, the total number of the battery replacement type electric vehicles 1 is about 200, and the calculation is carried out according to the fact that the daily average driving mileage of a passenger vehicle is 50 kilometers and the average battery replacement period is 5 days; the second power exchange process is carried out on 40-50 power exchange type electric vehicles 1 every night; assuming that the average operation time of the designated driver for each vehicle is 10 minutes, about 9 hours can be used for executing the second power conversion process, namely the operation capacity of the designated driving mode is 54 vehicles/day; therefore, at the initial stage of system operation, a single set of battery replacement equipment is provided with a designated driver to meet the application requirement; in addition, for a part of users who do not accept designated driving, when the user uses the vehicle in step S105, the user drives the vehicle to come to the battery replacement system 2 to execute the second battery replacement process.
When a designated driving mode is adopted, the parking lot dispatching subsystem carries out demand analysis and carries out charging sequencing on all the battery packs to be charged, and the sequencing rule is as follows: firstly, meeting the time requirement of a user for using the vehicle, then planning a reasonable driving order according to the parking position of each battery-replaceable electric vehicle and the principle of priority of adjacent positions, and charging the battery packs corresponding to the battery-replaceable electric vehicles 1 according to the driving order; when the battery packs are charged in sequence, the designated driving personnel execute a second battery replacement process on the battery replacement electric vehicles 1 one by one according to the designated driving sequence and the path navigation information provided by the parking lot scheduling subsystem.
When the occupation ratio of the battery-replaceable electric vehicle is gradually increased, only the parallel charging capacity of the centralized charging subsystem 3 needs to be properly increased and the number of designated driving personnel needs to be increased; different areas can be divided for a plurality of designated drivers to be respectively managed.
When the occupation ratio of the battery replacement type electric vehicle is gradually close to 100% after a plurality of years, the total number of the battery replacement type electric vehicles 1 is about 1000, and the calculation is carried out according to the average battery replacement period of 5 days; the second power change process is required to be executed on 200 power change type electric vehicles 1 every night; if the designated driving mode is still adopted, more than 5 designated driving personnel need to be equipped, so that the cost is high, and mutual interference in the operation process is difficult to avoid. At this time, the adoption of the automatic driving mode has remarkable advantages; due to the high automation of the automatic driving mode, each vehicle can sequentially and continuously execute the second power exchanging process through the power exchanging subsystem 2, so that the operation capacity of the single set of power exchanging equipment is 360 vehicles/day according to the operation time of 9 hours, obviously, the utilization rate of the equipment is greatly improved, and the worry of a user about replacing a designated driver to operate the vehicle is avoided; at this time, the first power swapping process actively performed by the user is prone to have a bottleneck in the peak time, so the surplus operation capability of the automatic driving mode can be used to replace the user to perform the first power swapping process at night.
When the automatic driving mode is adopted, the parking lot dispatching subsystem carries out demand analysis and carries out charging sequencing on all the battery packs to be charged, and the sequencing rule is as follows: firstly, meeting the time requirement of a user for using a vehicle, then planning a reasonable battery replacement sequence according to the parking positions of the battery replacement electric vehicles and the principle of priority of non-adjacent positions, and charging the battery packs corresponding to the battery replacement electric vehicles 1 according to the battery replacement sequence; when the battery packs are charged in sequence, the parking lot scheduling subsystem informs the corresponding battery replacement type electric vehicle 1 to start an automatic driving mode, and the battery replacement type electric vehicle 1 travels according to a route provided by the parking lot scheduling subsystem and executes a second battery replacement process sequentially through the battery replacement subsystem 2. In order to shorten the interval time of the battery swapping process, the parking lot dispatching subsystem guides a plurality of battery swapping electric vehicles 1 to the same battery swapping subsystem 2 at the same time. At the moment, the planning of the route and the time is very critical, road resources need to be reasonably utilized, and the phenomena of mutual conflict or overlong time interval cannot be caused.
In the scheme, one power conversion subsystem 2 can correspondingly serve at least 1000 power conversion electric vehicles 1 with a low-speed automatic driving function, and at the moment, a plurality of power conversion subsystems 2 are arranged in the region, mainly considering the area size and the road condition of a parking region 4, so that the power conversion running distance is reduced, the traffic pressure is dispersed, and congestion is avoided.
Further, when the system serves a large number of vehicles, the footprint of the centralized charging subsystem 3 is relatively large and the requirements for safety are high. Therefore, if there is no suitable place to build the centralized charging subsystem 3 in the parking lot, such as the problem of excessive electric load for massively parallel charging, then:
the centralized charging subsystem 3 is arranged outside the parking area 4 or at a position near the outside of the parking lot with the battery replacement function; the battery pack to be charged is collected and temporarily stored by the battery replacement subsystem 2, then the battery pack to be charged is transported to the centralized charging subsystem 3 through the transporting device for charging, and then the charged battery pack is sent back to the battery replacement subsystem 2 from the centralized charging subsystem 3 through the transporting device and finally installed in the corresponding battery replacement type electric vehicle 1.
In addition, although it is impossible for all users to accept the existing battery replacement sharing mode, some users prefer to adopt the sharing mode. The technical scheme of the invention is completely compatible with the battery sharing mode, if part of users in the whole system adopt the sharing mode, the whole operation efficiency of the system can be further improved, the pressure of the battery replacement peak period can be reduced, and diversified services can be provided to meet the requirements of different users.
The driving capacity of the vehicle is limited in the process of carrying out the reserved charging, and the requirement of a user for temporarily using the vehicle can be influenced; in practice, however, since the parking spaces of a large number of cells are very tight, if there is no very special case, the user will not usually use the vehicle any more at night until the next day after finding the parking space to park; even if the user needs to use the vehicle temporarily, the user can go to the battery replacing subsystem 2 to perform a temporary battery replacing operation, and the required time is only a few minutes; and the charging is performed about once in five days, so the scheme has little influence on the user using the vehicle.
It is known that the automatic driving technique can be more conveniently integrated due to the good maneuverability of electric vehicles; the bottlenecks are the stability and adaptability of complex road conditions and high-speed driving processes, the cost of a vehicle-mounted high-precision sensing system and the like. The technical scheme of the invention is mainly applied to low-speed automatic driving under the simple working condition at night in a relatively closed parking lot, and the technical requirement for realizing the low-speed automatic driving is low; and the parking lot monitoring subsystem 5 is used for realizing road side sensing and vehicle-road cooperation, so that low-cost automatic driving can be realized, and the problem that a vehicle-mounted high-precision sensing system is not in standard configuration in some low-end vehicle types is solved.
In summary, from the initial designated driving mode (the number of designated driving personnel can be properly increased) to the future automatic driving mode, the technical scheme of the invention has good expandability, and the construction requirements on supporting facilities of residential areas and parking lots are the lowest in similar schemes, and the scheme is also the highest in safety and the most feasible. Of course the solution can also be applied to other types of parking lots.
The invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the invention, and such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A reserved charging method for a battery-replaceable electric vehicle in a parking lot is characterized by comprising the following steps: the parking lot comprises a battery replacement type electric vehicle (1) and a parking lot with a battery replacement function; the parking lot with the battery replacement function at least comprises a battery replacement subsystem (2), a centralized charging subsystem (3), a parking area (4), a parking lot monitoring subsystem (5) and a parking lot scheduling subsystem; the power conversion type electric vehicle (1) comprises a battery pack which is used as a first power source and can perform power conversion operation;
the reserved charging method for the battery-replaceable electric vehicle in the parking lot comprises the following steps:
s101, when the battery replacement type electric vehicle (1) enters a parking lot with a battery replacement function and has a charging requirement, firstly executing a first battery replacement process: the power-exchanging electric vehicle (1) runs to the power-exchanging subsystem (2) and exchanges the battery pack to be charged through the power-exchanging subsystem (2); namely establishing an appointment charging application;
s102, starting a second power source to run to a parking area (4) by the battery-replaceable electric vehicle (1), and stopping for no less than 3 hours; tracking the power conversion type electric vehicle (1) through a parking lot monitoring subsystem (5), determining the parking position of the power conversion type electric vehicle (1) and recording;
s103, transporting the battery pack to be charged into a centralized charging subsystem (3) to be discharged into a charging queue for charging in sequence;
s104, after a battery pack corresponding to a certain battery-swapping electric vehicle (1) completes the charging operation, taking out the battery pack from the centralized charging subsystem (3), and executing a second battery swapping process: the power conversion type electric vehicle (1) runs to the power conversion electronic system (2) by using a second power source, and the charged battery pack is loaded into the power conversion type electric vehicle (1) through the power conversion electronic system (2);
s105, the battery replacement type electric vehicle (1) completing the second battery replacement process runs into the parking area (4) again to park;
s106, after the operation is finished, when a user needs to use the battery replacing type electric vehicle (1), the battery replacing type electric vehicle can be directly used at any time;
the operation mode of the second power conversion process is one or the combination of two of a designated driving mode and an automatic driving mode:
firstly, a designated driving mode: according to the vehicle information and the parking position of the battery replacing type electric vehicle (1) corresponding to the battery pack which is charged, a designated driver who obtains authorization starts the battery replacing type electric vehicle (1) at the parking position and drives the battery replacing type electric vehicle (2), the charged battery pack is loaded into the battery replacing type electric vehicle (1) through the battery replacing type electric system (2), and then the designated driver continues to drive the battery replacing type electric vehicle (1) to return to the parking area (4) for parking;
second, the automatic driving mode: according to the vehicle information and the parking position of the battery replacing type electric vehicle (1) corresponding to the battery pack which is charged, a parking lot dispatching subsystem establishes communication connection with the battery replacing type electric vehicle (1); and instructing the battery replacement type electric vehicle (1) to start an automatic driving mode, driving to the battery replacement system (2), loading the charged battery pack into the battery replacement type electric vehicle (1) through the battery replacement system (2), and then continuously starting the automatic driving mode by the battery replacement type electric vehicle (1) to return to a parking area (4) for parking.
2. The reservation charging method for a battery replaceable electric vehicle in a parking lot according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a plurality of power switching subsystems (2) are respectively arranged at different positions and are used for improving the power switching capacity and facilitating scheduling.
3. The reservation charging method for a battery replaceable electric vehicle in a parking lot according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electronic tags of the identity information are arranged in the battery packs, and each battery replacement type electric vehicle (1) can prevent the situation of replacement error in the battery replacement process by checking the electronic tags of the corresponding battery packs, so that the battery pack is special.
4. The reservation charging method for a battery replaceable electric vehicle in a parking lot according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the automatic driving mode, the battery-replaceable electric vehicle (1) mainly depends on the parking lot monitoring subsystem (5) to sense, guide and prompt the driving environment and the driving process of the battery-replaceable electric vehicle (1), so that the automatic driving process is completed.
5. The reservation charging method for a battery replaceable electric vehicle in a parking lot according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the second power exchanging process is executed, the power exchanging type electric vehicle (1) temporarily drives away from the parking space, and after the second power exchanging is completed, the power exchanging type electric vehicle (1) returns to the original parking space so as to be convenient for a user to use; during the period, if the parking space is provided with the parking space locking device, the parking space locking device is started to temporarily lock the parking space until the corresponding battery-replaceable electric vehicle (1) is unlocked when returning; if the parking space does not have the locking capacity, the parking lot monitoring subsystem (5) carries out fixed-point monitoring on the parking space, if other vehicles occupy the parking space, the parking lot monitoring subsystem (5) sends out warning information to inform other vehicles of leaving, or the parking lot monitoring subsystem (5) informs a manager of processing.
6. The reservation charging method for a battery replaceable electric vehicle in a parking lot according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the battery replacement type electric vehicle (1) enters a parking lot with a battery replacement function and has a charging requirement, a user can also select to directly stop the vehicle and send an appointment charging application to a parking lot scheduling subsystem, and the parking lot scheduling subsystem selects proper time and replaces the user to execute a first battery replacement process in the same mode as a designated driving mode or an automatic driving mode of a second battery replacement process.
7. The reservation charging method for a battery replaceable electric vehicle in a parking lot according to claim 1, characterized in that: the parking lot dispatching subsystem provides path navigation for designated driving personnel in the designated driving mode according to vehicle reserved charging information and road information provided by the parking lot monitoring subsystem (5); or real-time path planning is provided for the battery-replaceable electric vehicle (1) in the automatic driving mode, so that ordered automatic driving is realized.
8. The reservation charging method for a battery replaceable electric vehicle in a parking lot according to claim 1, characterized in that: the centralized charging subsystem (3) is arranged outside the parking area (4) or at a position near the outside of the parking lot with the battery replacement function; the battery pack to be charged is collected and temporarily stored by the battery replacing subsystem (2), then the battery pack to be charged is transported to the centralized charging subsystem (3) through the transporting device to be charged, and then the charged battery pack is sent back to the battery replacing subsystem (2) from the centralized charging subsystem (3) through the transporting device and finally installed in the corresponding battery replacing type electric vehicle (1).
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110282147.4A CN112659968A (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2021-03-16 | Reservation charging method for battery-replaceable electric vehicle in parking lot |
| CN202210252467.XA CN114590160B (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2022-03-15 | Battery pack transfer conveying device and electric vehicle electric energy supplementing method |
| CN202210252712.7A CN114734859A (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2022-03-15 | Electric energy supplementing method for electric vehicles with centralized dispatching |
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| CN202110282147.4A CN112659968A (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2021-03-16 | Reservation charging method for battery-replaceable electric vehicle in parking lot |
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| CN112659968A true CN112659968A (en) | 2021-04-16 |
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| CN202110282147.4A Pending CN112659968A (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2021-03-16 | Reservation charging method for battery-replaceable electric vehicle in parking lot |
| CN202210252712.7A Pending CN114734859A (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2022-03-15 | Electric energy supplementing method for electric vehicles with centralized dispatching |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023116486A1 (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2023-06-29 | 葛炽昌 | Battery pack replacement system for vehicles |
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