CN112659553B - Multi-material three-dimensional printing device - Google Patents
Multi-material three-dimensional printing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112659553B CN112659553B CN202011602613.4A CN202011602613A CN112659553B CN 112659553 B CN112659553 B CN 112659553B CN 202011602613 A CN202011602613 A CN 202011602613A CN 112659553 B CN112659553 B CN 112659553B
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-material three-dimensional printing device which comprises a lifting component, a powder spraying component, a powder sucking component and a control system, wherein the operating end of the powder spraying component is close to the upper surface of a forming platform, the operating end of the powder spraying component is used for spraying materials to the upper surface of a forming cavity, the operating end of the powder sucking component is close to the upper surface of the forming platform, and the operating end of the powder sucking component is used for sucking the materials on the upper surface of the forming cavity; the control system is used for controlling the flow and the flow speed when the operation end of the powder spraying component sprays the materials and controlling the total amount of the materials sucked by the operation end of the powder sucking component; after the powder suction assembly sucks the material in the area to be processed on the upper surface of the forming cavity, the powder spraying assembly is used for spraying the other material in the area in a constant flow and quantitative mode, so that the material in the processing area is replaced, the purpose of quantitatively feeding according to the area size of the processing area is achieved, and meanwhile the purpose of processing different types of materials in different areas on the same layer of cut pieces is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a multi-material three-dimensional printing device.
Background
Additive manufacturing is widely used in various fields, resulting in a variety of devices with different molding processes. At present, most of the equipment is mainly used for manufacturing single-material homogeneous parts and cannot be used for processing multi-material multi-component multi-gradient heterogeneous parts.
The multi-material part is a functional part formed by continuously or discontinuously distributing a plurality of materials in the part, and mainly comprises a multi-material assembly body, a functional gradient material part and a multi-phase material part. Integrated sensors, porous material structures, microelectromechanical systems, biological tissue, and the like are typical multi-material structures. With the progress of science and technology, people gradually put forward demands on the processing of multi-material parts.
Although the additive manufacturing technology capable of processing multi-material parts is developed at present, the technology for processing different types of materials in different areas on the same layer of cutting sheet is not mature, and quantitative feeding is difficult according to the area size of a processing area, so that the processing cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a multi-material three-dimensional printing device capable of processing different types of materials in different areas on the same layer of slices and quantitatively feeding materials according to the area size of the processing area.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the invention provides a multi-material three-dimensional printing device which comprises a forming platform and a translation part, wherein the forming platform is provided with a forming cavity, the translation part is arranged above the forming platform and is far away from the upper surface of the forming platform, and the translation part can freely translate on a horizontal plane; the lifting component is provided with a fixed end and a movable end, and the fixed end of the lifting component is fixedly connected with the translation component; the powder spraying component is fixedly arranged at the movable end of the lifting component and is provided with an operation end, the operation end of the powder spraying component is close to the upper surface of the forming platform, and the operation end of the powder spraying component is used for spraying materials to the upper surface of the forming cavity; the powder suction assembly is fixedly arranged at the movable end of the lifting assembly and is provided with an operation end, the operation end of the powder suction assembly is close to the upper surface of the forming platform, and the operation end of the powder suction assembly is used for sucking materials on the upper surface of the forming cavity; the control system is used for controlling the flow and the flow speed of the powder spraying component when the operation end sprays the materials and controlling the total amount of the materials sucked by the operation end of the powder sucking component.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the powder spraying device is preferred to further comprise a feeding assembly and a feeding pipe, the powder spraying assembly comprises a powder pipe and a nozzle, the powder pipe is fixedly arranged at the movable end of the lifting assembly, one end of the powder pipe is close to the upper surface of the forming platform, the nozzle is fixedly arranged, the other end of the powder pipe is far away from the forming platform and is communicated with the feeding pipe, the feeding assembly is communicated with the other end of the feeding pipe, and the feeding assembly is used for feeding materials.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the powder suction assembly comprises a powder suction pipe and a vacuum suction part, the powder suction pipe is fixedly arranged at the movable end of the lifting assembly, one end of the powder suction pipe is close to the upper surface of the forming platform and used for sucking materials on the upper surface of the forming cavity, and the vacuum suction part is fixedly communicated with the other end of the powder suction pipe and used for providing power for sucking the materials.
Still further preferably, the lifting assembly comprises a flat plate, a lifting cylinder and a support, the support is fixedly connected to the translation component, the lifting cylinder is fixedly installed on the support and provided with a movable end, the flat plate is fixedly connected to the movable end of the lifting cylinder, the flat plate is horizontally arranged, and the powder tubes are fixedly connected to the flat plate in an inserting mode.
Further preferably, the bottom end of the powder tube extends towards the forming platform, and the nozzles are close to each other, and finally, the positions of the tail ends of the nozzles projected to the lower surface of the flat plate along the plumb line are overlapped with each other.
Further preferably, each powder tube is communicated with the independent feeding component through an independent feeding tube, and the materials fed by the feeding components are different.
Still further preferably, the device also comprises a spraying pipe and a blowing mechanism, and the feeding assembly comprises a funnel; a discharge port is formed in one end of the injection pipe and communicated with the feeding pipe, a feed port is formed in the side wall of the injection pipe, and the feed port is far away from the discharge port; the blowing mechanism is fixedly communicated with the other end of the injection pipe, and the blowing direction of the blowing mechanism is consistent with the direction of the discharge hole; the funnel is fixedly communicated with the feeding hole, and materials are filled in the funnel.
Even more preferably, the ejector tube is a critical venturi ejector tube.
Still further preferably, the feeding device further comprises a detection element, and the feeding assembly further comprises a partition plate; the baffle plate is arranged in the funnel and divides the funnel into a first cavity and a second cavity which are independent from each other, the first cavity is positioned right above the second cavity, the baffle plate is provided with an opening, and the opening is electrically connected with the control system and selectively opened and closed; the detection element is arranged on the lower surface of the partition plate and used for detecting the variable quantity of the bearing of the partition plate and transmitting a detection signal to the control system; when the material in the first cavity enters the second cavity through the opening and the control system judges that the variation of the bearing of the partition board reaches the rated value through the detection signal of the detection element, the control system controls the opening to be closed.
Still more preferably, the detection element is a piezoresistive sensor.
Compared with the prior art, the multi-material three-dimensional printing device has the following beneficial effects:
(1) After the powder sucking component sucks the material in the area to be processed on the upper surface of the forming cavity, the powder spraying component is used for spraying another material in the area in a constant flow and quantitative mode, so that the material in the processing area is replaced, the purpose of quantitatively feeding according to the area size of the processing area is achieved, and meanwhile the purpose of processing different types of materials in different areas on the same layer of cut pieces is achieved.
(2) The nozzles are arranged to approach each other, so that the positions of the tail ends of the nozzles projected to the lower surface of the flat plate along the plumb line are overlapped with each other, the aim of coaxial spraying is fulfilled, and the device can control the spraying positions of the nozzles through a set of control program.
(3) The critical Venturi injection pipe is used as the injection pipe, so that the device can control the flow and the flow speed of the material conveniently, and the material can be uniformly and flatly injected into an area when the nozzle performs spraying.
(4) Set up the funnel and be separated for first cavity and second cavity from top to bottom by the baffle, respond to the change of the total weight of the material in the first cavity through detecting element to carry out the ration to the total amount of material that gets into the second cavity, and then realized the purpose according to the regional area size ration pay-off of processing.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a printing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the magazine assembly of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of the powder spray assembly of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a forming platform; 11. a recovery tank; 2. a lifting assembly; 21. a flat plate; 22. a lifting cylinder; 23. a support; 3. a powder spraying component; 31. a powder tube; 32. a nozzle; 4. a powder suction assembly; 41. a powder suction pipe; 42. a vacuum suction part; 5. an injection pipe; 51. a feed inlet; 52. a discharge port; 6. a feeding assembly; 61. a funnel; 62. a partition plate; 63. a first cavity; 64. a second cavity; 65. an opening; 7. a feed pipe; 8. a blower mechanism; 9. a detection element; 10. a translation component.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the multi-material three-dimensional printing device of the present invention includes a forming platform 1 and a translation component 10, wherein a forming cavity is arranged on the forming platform 1, the translation component 10 is arranged above the forming platform 1 and far away from the upper surface of the forming platform 1, the translation component 10 can freely translate on a horizontal plane, and the multi-material three-dimensional printing device further includes a lifting component 2, a powder spraying component 3, a powder sucking component 4, an injection pipe 5, a feeding component 6, a feeding pipe 7, an air blowing mechanism 8, a detection element 9, and a control system. It should be noted that the translating element 10 is conventional in the art and can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art, and the present invention does not relate to the improvement of the mechanical structure or the transmission principle of the translating element 10, and therefore, the details thereof are not described herein.
Wherein, lifting unit 2 has a fixed end and a loose end, and lifting unit 2 fixed end fixed connection is in translation part 10.
Preferably, the lifting assembly 2 comprises a flat plate 21, a lifting cylinder 22 and a support 23, the support 23 is fixedly connected to the translation component 10, the lifting cylinder 22 is fixedly installed on the support 23, the lifting cylinder 22 has a movable end, the flat plate 21 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the lifting cylinder 22, the flat plate 21 is horizontally arranged, and a plurality of powder tubes 31 are all fixedly inserted on the flat plate 21.
The powder spraying component 3 is fixedly arranged at the movable end of the lifting component 2, the powder spraying component 3 is provided with an operation end, the operation end of the powder spraying component 3 is close to the upper surface of the forming platform 1, and the operation end of the powder spraying component 3 is used for spraying materials to the upper surface of the forming cavity.
Preferably, the powder spraying component 3 comprises a powder pipe 31 and a nozzle 32, the powder pipe 31 is fixedly arranged at the movable end of the lifting component 2, one end of the powder pipe 31 is close to the upper surface of the forming platform 1 and is fixedly provided with the nozzle 32, the other end of the powder pipe 31 is far away from the forming platform 1 and is communicated with the feeding pipe 7, the feeding component 6 is communicated with the other end of the feeding pipe 7, and the feeding component 6 is used for supplying materials.
Inhale powder subassembly 4 fixed mounting in the movable end of elevating system 2, inhale powder subassembly 4 and have an operation end, inhale the operation end of powder subassembly 4 and be close to forming platform 1 upper surface, inhale the operation end of powder subassembly 4 and be used for absorbing the material of forming chamber upper surface.
Preferably, the powder suction assembly 4 comprises a powder suction pipe 41 and a vacuum suction part 42, the powder suction pipe 41 is fixedly arranged at the movable end of the lifting assembly 2, one end of the powder suction pipe 41 is close to the upper surface of the forming platform 1 and is used for sucking the material on the upper surface of the forming cavity, and the vacuum suction part 42 is fixedly communicated with the other end of the powder suction pipe 41 and is used for providing power for sucking the material.
The control system is used for controlling the flow and the flow speed when the operation end of the powder spraying component 3 sprays the materials and controlling the total amount of the materials sucked by the operation end of the powder sucking component 4.
The feeding assembly 6 comprises a hopper 61; a discharge port 52 is formed at one end of the injection pipe 5, the discharge port 52 is communicated with the feeding pipe 7, a feed port 51 is formed in the side wall of the injection pipe 5, and the feed port 51 is far away from the discharge port 52; the blowing mechanism 8 is fixedly communicated with the other end of the injection pipe 5, and the blowing direction of the blowing mechanism 8 is consistent with the direction of the discharge hole 52; the hopper 61 is fixedly communicated with the feed port 51, the hopper 61 is filled with a material, and the material entering the injection pipe 5 is conveyed to the nozzle 32 by the blowing of the blowing mechanism 8 for spraying.
In order to control the flow and the flow speed of the material sprayed by the nozzle 32, the invention adopts the spray pipe 5 as a critical Venturi spray pipe, thereby achieving the purpose of uniformly and flatly laying the material in the region.
Specifically, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
As shown in fig. 1, with reference to fig. 3, the bottom end of the powder tube 31 extends toward the forming platform 1, and the nozzles 32 are close to each other, and finally the positions of the ends of the nozzles 32 projected to the lower surface of the flat plate 21 along the vertical line are overlapped with each other, so that the device can control the spraying position of each nozzle 32 by a set of control program. Wherein, each powder tube 31 is respectively communicated with the independent feeding components 7 through the independent feeding tubes 7, and the materials fed by each feeding component 7 are different.
In addition, as shown in fig. 1 in conjunction with fig. 3, the feed assembly 6 further includes a partition 62.
The partition plate 62 is installed in the funnel 61 and divides the funnel 61 into a first cavity 63 and a second cavity 64 which are independent of each other, the first cavity 63 is located right above the second cavity 64, an opening 65 is formed in the partition plate 62, and the opening 65 is electrically connected with the control system and selectively opened and closed.
The detection element 9 is arranged on the lower surface of the partition plate 62, and the detection element 9 is used for detecting the variation of the load of the partition plate 62 and transmitting a detection signal to the control system. Preferably, the detection element 9 is a piezoresistive sensor.
When the material in the first cavity 63 enters the second cavity 64 through the opening 65 and the control system judges that the variation of the load bearing of the partition plate 62 reaches the rated value through the detection signal of the detection element 9, the control system controls the opening 65 to be closed.
The working principle is as follows:
it should be noted that, in the present invention, the powder spreading device and the powder chamber of the additive manufacturing apparatus in the prior art are still provided, and the material in the powder chamber can be spread on the upper surface of the forming chamber by using the powder spreading device.
After the selective laser sintering operation is performed on the material laid on the upper surface of the forming cavity, in order to lay another type of material, the translation component 10 is driven to move towards the forming cavity according to a set track, so that the bottom end of the powder suction pipe 41 is positioned right above a specified area, however, the lifting cylinder 22 is started to drive the flat plate 21 to descend, so that the bottom end of the powder suction pipe 41 is close to the upper surface of the forming cavity, and the material in the specified area is sucked into the powder suction pipe 41 through the vacuum suction component 41.
Note that, since the three-dimensional structure of the formed workpiece is analyzed before the machining is resumed, and the total amount of material necessary for slicing each layer and the region filled with the material are determined, the amount of material sucked in the powder suction pipe 41 and the region sucked are set in accordance with the machining program.
The material absorption of the designated area, as viewed relative to the slice of the same layer, is similar to the area being a blank area and surrounded by material, so that the blank area needs to be filled with another type of material.
Therefore, the air blowing mechanism 8 is started to blow air into the injection pipe 5, and after the material in the funnel 61 enters the injection pipe 5 from the inlet 51, the material is blown out of the outlet 52 by the air blowing mechanism 8, flows through the feeding pipe 7 and the powder pipe 31, and is finally sprayed into a blank area by the nozzle 32, so that the purpose of replacing the former material with another material for sintering is achieved.
It should be noted that the manner in which the material is sprayed at the nozzle 32, more precisely, is like a trickle, is that as the translating member 10 translates, the material trickles from within the nozzle 32 to the upper surface of the forming cavity. Therefore, in order to facilitate the control of the flow rate and the flow velocity of the material sprayed by the nozzle 32, a critical venturi injection pipe is adopted as the injection pipe 5, so that the purpose of uniformly and flatly laying the material in the area is achieved. After the spraying of the nozzle 32 is completed, laser sintering is performed.
In addition, a plurality of powder spraying components 3 can be arranged to spray different areas of the same layer of slices, and further additive manufacturing of various materials is achieved. Meanwhile, the plurality of nozzles 32 are arranged to approach each other so that positions where the ends of the nozzles 32 project to the lower surface of the flat plate along the vertical line coincide with each other, so that the apparatus can control the spraying positions of the nozzles 32 by a set of control program.
Since the total amount of the material sucked by the powder sucking member 4 is constant, the total amount of the material sprayed by the nozzle 32 needs to be measured. To address this problem, the present invention is designed to provide that the funnel 61 is divided up and down by a partition 62 into a first chamber 63 and a second chamber 64.
When the technical scheme is adopted, materials are firstly stored in the first cavity 63, and when feeding is needed, the opening 65 is opened to enable the materials to enter the second cavity 64 from the first cavity 63; the change of the total weight of the material in the first cavity 63 is sensed by the detection element 9, and when the detected change reaches a required value, the detection element 9 transmits a signal to the control system to close the control opening 65 of the control system, so that the material is blocked from entering the second cavity 64, the total weight of the material entering the second cavity 64 is quantified, and the purpose of quantitative feeding according to the area size of a processing area is achieved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a three-dimensional printing device of many materials, is equipped with the shaping chamber including shaping platform (1) and translation part (10) on shaping platform (1), and translation part (10) set up in shaping platform (1) top and keep away from shaping platform (1) upper surface, and translation part (10) can freely translate its characterized in that at the horizontal plane: the powder spraying machine also comprises a lifting component (2), a powder spraying component (3), a powder absorbing component (4), an injection pipe (5), a feeding component (6), a feeding pipe (7), a blowing mechanism (8), a detection element (9) and a control system;
the lifting assembly (2) is provided with a fixed end and a movable end, and the fixed end of the lifting assembly (2) is fixedly connected with the translation component (10);
the powder spraying component (3) is fixedly arranged at the movable end of the lifting component (2), the powder spraying component (3) is provided with an operation end, the operation end of the powder spraying component (3) is close to the upper surface of the forming platform (1), and the operation end of the powder spraying component (3) is used for spraying materials on the upper surface of the forming cavity;
the powder suction assembly (4) is fixedly arranged at the movable end of the lifting assembly (2), the powder suction assembly (4) is provided with an operation end, the operation end of the powder suction assembly (4) is close to the upper surface of the forming platform (1), and the operation end of the powder suction assembly (4) is used for sucking materials on the upper surface of the forming cavity;
the control system is used for controlling the flow and the flow speed of the powder spraying component (3) when the operation end sprays the materials and controlling the total amount of the materials sucked by the operation end of the powder sucking component (4);
the powder spraying component (3) comprises a powder pipe (31) and a nozzle (32), the powder pipe (31) is fixedly arranged at the movable end of the lifting component (2), one end of the powder pipe (31) is close to the upper surface of the forming platform (1) and is fixedly provided with the nozzle (32), the other end of the powder pipe (31) is far away from the forming platform (1) and is communicated with the feeding pipe (7), the feeding component (6) is communicated with the other end of the feeding pipe (7), and the feeding component (6) is used for feeding materials;
the feeding assembly (6) comprises a hopper (61) and a partition plate (62);
a discharge port (52) is formed in one end of the injection pipe (5), the discharge port (52) is communicated with the feeding pipe (7), a feed port (51) is formed in the side wall of the injection pipe (5), and the feed port (51) is far away from the discharge port (52);
the air blowing mechanism (8) is fixedly communicated with the other end of the injection pipe (5), and the air blowing direction of the air blowing mechanism (8) is consistent with the direction of the discharge hole (52);
the hopper (61) is fixedly communicated with the feeding hole (51), and materials are filled in the hopper (61);
the baffle plate (62) is arranged in the funnel (61) and divides the funnel (61) into a first cavity (63) and a second cavity (64) which are independent of each other, the first cavity (63) is positioned right above the second cavity (64), an opening (65) is formed in the baffle plate (62), and the opening (65) is electrically connected with the control system and selectively opened and closed;
the detection element (9) is arranged on the lower surface of the partition plate (62), and the detection element (9) is used for detecting the variable quantity of the bearing of the partition plate (62) and transmitting a detection signal to the control system;
when the material in the first cavity (63) enters the second cavity (64) through the opening (65) and the control system judges that the variation of the load bearing of the partition plate (62) reaches a rated value through the detection signal of the detection element (9), the control system controls the opening (65) to be closed.
2. The multi-material three-dimensional printing device according to claim 1, wherein: the powder suction assembly (4) comprises a powder suction pipe (41) and a vacuum suction part (42), the powder suction pipe (41) is fixedly arranged at the movable end of the lifting assembly (2), one end of the powder suction pipe (41) is close to the upper surface of the forming platform (1) and is used for sucking materials on the upper surface of the forming cavity, and the vacuum suction part (42) is fixedly communicated with the other end of the powder suction pipe (41) and is used for providing power for sucking the materials.
3. A multi-material three-dimensional printing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: lifting unit (2) are including dull and stereotyped (21), lift cylinder (22) and support (23), support (23) fixed connection is in translation part (10), lift cylinder (22) fixed mounting is on support (23), lift cylinder (22) have a expansion end, dull and stereotyped (21) fixed connection in the expansion end of lift cylinder (22), dull and stereotyped (21) level sets up, powder pipe (31) have a plurality ofly and all fixed grafting on dull and stereotyped (21).
4. A multi-material three-dimensional printing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the bottom end of the powder pipe (31) extends towards the forming platform (1), the plurality of nozzles (32) are close to each other, and finally the tail ends of the plurality of nozzles (32) are overlapped with each other along the positions of the projection of the plumb line to the lower surface of the flat plate (21).
5. A multi-material three-dimensional printing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the powder tubes (31) are respectively communicated with the independent feeding assemblies (7) through the independent feeding tubes (7), and the materials conveyed by the feeding assemblies (7) are different.
6. The multi-material three-dimensional printing device according to claim 1, wherein: the jet pipe (5) is a critical Venturi jet pipe.
7. The multi-material three-dimensional printing device according to claim 1, wherein: the detection element (9) is a piezoresistive sensor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011602613.4A CN112659553B (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Multi-material three-dimensional printing device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011602613.4A CN112659553B (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Multi-material three-dimensional printing device |
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| CN112659553A CN112659553A (en) | 2021-04-16 |
| CN112659553B true CN112659553B (en) | 2022-10-28 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR3034691A1 (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2016-10-14 | Soc Eder | THREE-DIMENSIONAL PRINTING DEVICE USING INDUCTIVE AND RESISTIVE DEVICES |
| CN105383059B (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2018-06-01 | 吉林大学 | More material powderings and molding 3D printing method and printing equipment |
| CN108407041B (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2019-11-12 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of more ceramic material increasing material manufacturing formation systems |
| CN108580900B (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2020-06-23 | 吉林师范大学 | 3D printing device and multifunctional processing platform with same |
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