CN112659298A - Impregnating solution for improving wood performance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Impregnating solution for improving wood performance and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112659298A CN112659298A CN202011502231.4A CN202011502231A CN112659298A CN 112659298 A CN112659298 A CN 112659298A CN 202011502231 A CN202011502231 A CN 202011502231A CN 112659298 A CN112659298 A CN 112659298A
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Abstract
The invention provides a wood performance improvement impregnation liquid, which comprises the following components: hydrolyzed feather protein liquid, urea modified glyoxal melamine resin and water; the mass ratio of the hydrolyzed feather protein liquid to the urea modified glyoxal melamine resin is 20-70: 30-80. The technical scheme provides a wood performance improvement impregnation liquid, which comprises the components of hydrolyzed feather protein liquid and urea modified glyoxal melamine resin; the hydrolyzed feather protein liquid is a protein adhesive, and the protein adhesive can be better combined with the wood without reducing the toughness of the wood while enhancing various mechanical properties of the wood. The urea modified glyoxal melamine resin is environment-friendly, free of formaldehyde and good in water resistance, can react with wood cell wall hydroxyl, and greatly improves the size stability of wood. The invention has the advantages of easily controlled production process, easily obtained production raw materials, low production cost and simple process, and is suitable for large-scale production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wood processing, in particular to a wood performance improvement impregnation liquid and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The soft fast-growing wood such as poplar, fir, radiata pine, bamboo willow, part of soft eucalyptus, soft miscellaneous wood and the like is soft in material and easy to deform and crack in products such as solid wood furniture, solid wood doors and the like, and the air-dried density of the part of the material is low, so that the aim of improving the density is mainly fulfilled.
The materials such as part of broadleaf wood, such as fraxinus mandshurica, walnut wood, rubber wood, red rubber and the like, are used in the north, and are easy to crack particularly in the warm air environment in winter, the air-dry density of the material per se is more than moderate, and the purpose of improving the dimensional stability is mainly achieved.
The prior wood chemical impregnation formula comprises a plurality of water-soluble amino resins, phenolic resins and dimethylol dihydroxy ethylene urea resins, which contain free aldehyde and free phenol, have potential risks and reduce the toughness of the wood, the sol is expensive and difficult to industrially produce, the acetylation cost is increased too high, the production process is close to the chemical production, the supervision is strict, the furfuryl alcohol resin has deep color and the smell in the production process is heavy, the defects exist, and the wood performance modifier which is environment-friendly and easy to industrially produce in a large scale is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a wood performance improvement impregnation liquid, which comprises the components of hydrolyzed feather protein liquid and urea modified glyoxal melamine resin; greatly improving the dimension stability of the wood. The production process is easy to control, the production raw materials are easy to obtain, the production cost is low, the production process is simple, and the method is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a wood property-improving impregnation fluid, the impregnation fluid comprising: hydrolyzed feather protein liquid, urea modified glyoxal melamine resin and water; the mass ratio of the hydrolyzed feather protein liquid to the urea modified glyoxal melamine resin is 20-70: 30-80 parts;
the preparation method of the hydrolyzed feather protein liquid comprises the following steps: mixing 30-50 parts by mass of feather meal, 40-60 parts by mass of water, 1-5 parts by mass of reducing agent and 2-8 parts by mass of alkaline catalyst, heating to 90-140 ℃ until the viscosity is 13-15S measured by coating 4 cups, adding 1-3 parts by mass of acidic catalyst, adjusting the pH value to 8-9, and cooling to 40 ℃ to obtain hydrolyzed feather protein liquid;
the preparation method of the urea modified glyoxal melamine resin comprises the following steps: adding glyoxal into a reaction kettle, adjusting the pH value to 7-9, heating to 60-80 ℃, adding melamine, reacting at 60-80 ℃ for 0.5-1 hour, and keeping pH7-9 in the reaction process; finally, adding urea, and cooling to 40 ℃ to obtain urea modified glyoxal melamine resin; the molar ratio of the glyoxal to the melamine to the urea is 4-6:1-2: 1-2.
Further, mixing 40-45 parts by mass of feather powder, 50-55 parts by mass of water, 2-3 parts by mass of a reducing agent and 3-4 parts by mass of an alkaline catalyst, heating to 120-130 ℃ until the viscosity reaches 13-15S, adding an acidic catalyst, adjusting the pH value to 8-9, and cooling to 40 ℃ to obtain the hydrolyzed feather protein liquid.
The hydrolyzed feather protein liquid is protein adhesive, which can strengthen various mechanical properties of wood, does not reduce the toughness of wood, and can be better combined with wood. The urea modified glyoxal melamine resin is environment-friendly, free of formaldehyde and good in water resistance, can react with hydroxyl of wood cell walls, and greatly improves the size stability of wood. The hydrolyzed feather protein liquid and urea modified glyoxal melamine resin only carry out nucleophilic addition reaction under alkaline condition, and do not carry out polycondensation, so that the resin has low molecular weight, good water solubility and easy impregnation. And the urea is used for reducing the cost, adjusting the molecular weight, and can also perform addition reaction with residual glyoxal, thereby increasing the storage stability of the urea modified glyoxal melamine resin.
The urea modified glyoxal melamine resin is environment-friendly, free of formaldehyde release, good in water resistance after curing, good in storage stability and low in molecular weight, and is suitable for being used as a wood impregnant. The proportion of the hydrolyzed feather protein liquid and the urea modified glyoxal melamine resin is adjusted according to different wood impregnating effects, so that the density and size stability of the wood can be improved.
Before the invention of petrochemical resin, such as urea-formaldehyde resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin and melamine resin, protein is a natural high-quality adhesive, including bone protein, blood protein, soybean protein, blood protein and feather protein, wherein feather powder is easier to hydrolyze into low molecular polypeptide, is more suitable for wood impregnation and has extremely low cost.
Feather keratin hydrolysis requires strong base, and an alkaline catalyst is used for opening macromolecular protein and hydrolyzing into water-soluble low-molecular polypeptide. While the reducing agent is used to open disulfide bonds in feather keratin.
Further, the basic catalyst comprises sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonia water or a mixture thereof, the reducing agent comprises sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite or a mixture thereof, and the acidic catalyst comprises ammonium chloride, formic acid, oxalic acid or a mixture thereof.
Further, the alkaline catalyst is sodium hydroxide, the reducing agent is sodium sulfite, and the acidic catalyst is formic acid.
Further, the feather powder is white feather chicken feather powder; the white feather chicken feather powder has low cost and light color.
Furthermore, the molar ratio of the glyoxal to the melamine to the urea is 4-15:1-5: 1-3.
Further, the mass ratio of the hydrolyzed feather protein liquid to the urea modified glyoxal melamine resin is 50-70: 30-50.
The proportion of the hydrolyzed feather protein liquid and the urea modified glyoxal melamine resin is adjusted according to different wood impregnation effects.
For example, in the dipping of the soft fast-growing wood described in the background art, 50-70 parts by mass of feather protein liquid and 30-50 parts by mass of urea modified glyoxal melamine resin are mainly used for the purpose of raising the wood density, and because the dipping amount is large, in order to reduce the cost, feather protein hydrolysate is used as a main agent, and urea modified glyoxal melamine resin is used as an auxiliary agent.
For example, in the dipping of broadleaf wood with medium hardness and higher density in the background technology, the main purpose is to improve the dimensional stability of the wood, the hydrolyzed feather protein liquid accounts for 20-50 parts by mass, the urea modified glyoxal melamine resin accounts for 50-80 parts by mass, the dimensional stability of the wood can be better improved, the urea modified glyoxal melamine resin serves as a main agent, and the feather protein hydrolysate serves as an auxiliary agent.
Further, the mass ratio of the hydrolyzed feather protein liquid to the urea modified glyoxal melamine resin is 20-50: 50-80.
Further, the solid content of the wood performance improvement impregnation liquid is 45-50%; the viscosity is 5-9mpa.s, and the effective period is more than 30 days.
The invention provides a preparation method of a wood performance improvement impregnation liquid, which comprises the following steps:
preparing hydrolyzed feather protein liquid: mixing 30-50 parts by mass of feather meal, 40-60 parts by mass of water, 1-5 parts by mass of reducing agent and 2-8 parts by mass of alkaline catalyst, heating to 90-140 ℃ until the viscosity is 13-15S measured by coating 4 cups, adding 1-3 parts by mass of acidic catalyst, adjusting the pH value to 8-9, and cooling to 40 ℃ to obtain hydrolyzed feather protein liquid;
the urea modified glyoxal melamine resin is prepared by the following steps: adding glyoxal into a reaction kettle, adjusting the pH value to 7-9, heating to 60-80 ℃, adding melamine, reacting at 60-80 ℃ for 0.5-1 hour, and keeping pH7-9 in the reaction process; finally, adding urea, and cooling to 40 ℃ to obtain urea modified glyoxal melamine resin; the molar ratio of the glyoxal to the melamine to the urea is 4-6:1-2: 1-2;
mixing: adding water into the hydrolyzed feather protein liquid and urea modified glyoxal melamine resin, and uniformly mixing to obtain wood performance improvement impregnation liquid with solid content of 45-50%; wherein the addition amount of water is more than 8 times of the total mass of the hydrolyzed feather protein liquid and the urea modified glyoxal melamine resin.
Different from the prior art, the technical scheme provides the wood performance improvement impregnation liquid, and the components of the impregnation liquid comprise hydrolyzed feather protein liquid and urea modified glyoxal melamine resin; the feather powder is very cheap, the cost is greatly reduced, the hydrolyzed feather protein liquid is a protein adhesive, the protein adhesive can not reduce the toughness of the wood while enhancing various mechanical properties of the wood, and can be better combined with the wood. The urea modified glyoxal melamine resin is environment-friendly, free of formaldehyde and good in water resistance, can react with hydroxyl of wood cell walls, and greatly improves the size stability of wood. The production process is easy to control, the production raw materials are easy to obtain, the production cost is low, the production process is simple, and the method is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Detailed Description
In order to explain technical contents, structural features, and objects and effects of the technical means in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1: impregnating solution for improving wood performance (increasing wood air-drying density)
The soft fast-growing wood such as poplar, fir, radiata pine, bamboo willow, part of soft eucalyptus, soft miscellaneous wood and the like is soft in material and easy to deform and crack in products such as solid wood furniture, solid wood doors and the like, and the air-dried density of the part of the material is low, so that the aim of improving the density is mainly fulfilled.
The wood performance improvement impregnation liquid comprises the following components: 70 parts of hydrolyzed feather protein liquid, 30 parts of urea modified glyoxal melamine resin and 80 parts of water, and stirring and mixing uniformly.
The preparation scheme of the hydrolyzed feather protein liquid is as follows: 40 parts of feather powder, 2 parts of sodium sulfite as a reducing agent, 4 parts of sodium hydroxide as an alkaline catalyst and 54 parts of water by mass, starting a reaction kettle, adding the water into the reaction kettle, adding all the feather powder, adding the reducing agent and the alkaline catalyst, heating to 120 ℃, stirring for 6 hours, coating 4 cups to measure the viscosity to be 13s, adding an acid catalyst to adjust the pH value to 8, cooling to 40 ℃, and discharging for later use.
The preparation scheme of the urea modified glyoxal melamine resin comprises the following steps: the molar ratio of glyoxal to melamine and urea is controlled to be 3: 1: 0.5, adding all glyoxal into the reaction kettle, adjusting the pH value to 7.5 by using an alkaline catalyst sodium carbonate, heating to 70 ℃, then adding all melamine, reacting for 1 hour, keeping the pH value to 7.5 in the reaction process, adding all urea, cooling to 40 ℃, and discharging for later use.
Preparing a radiata pine material with the water content of 12%, soaking the wood performance improvement impregnation liquid into the interior of the radiata pine wood by using a vacuum pressure tank, drying the water content of the modified radiata pine wood to 12% by using the drying temperature of 60-80 ℃, and performing performance test on the modified radiata pine wood, wherein the performance test result is shown in table 1:
table 1 examples 1 data sheet for testing properties of radiata pine before and after improvement
As can be seen from Table 1, after the radiata pine is treated by the wood performance improvement impregnation liquid, the weight of the wood is increased by 190KG per cubic meter, the air-dry density is improved by 45%, the physical and mechanical properties are greatly improved, the wood shrinkage rate is greatly reduced, the shrinkage resistance is improved by 54%, the size stability of the wood is increased, and the radiata pine is used as a high-quality material for solid wood furniture.
Example 2: impregnating solution for improving wood performance (increasing wood size stability)
Some broadleaf wood such as fraxinus mandshurica, walnut wood, rubber wood, red rubber and other materials are used in the north, and are easy to crack in the warm air environment especially in winter. The air-dry density of the material itself is more than moderate, and the main improvement purpose is to improve the dimensional stability.
The wood performance improvement impregnation liquid comprises the following components: 30 parts of hydrolyzed feather protein liquid, 70 parts of urea modified glyoxal melamine resin and 120 parts of water, and stirring and mixing uniformly.
The preparation scheme of the hydrolyzed feather protein liquid is as follows: 42 parts of feather powder, 3 parts of sodium sulfite as a reducing agent, 3 parts of sodium hydroxide as an alkaline catalyst and 54 parts of water, starting a reaction kettle, adding the water into the reaction kettle, adding all the feather powder, adding the reducing agent and the alkaline catalyst, heating to 130 ℃, stirring for 8 hours, coating 4 cups to measure the viscosity to be 13s, adding an acid catalyst to adjust the pH value to be 7.5, cooling to 40 ℃, and discharging for later use.
The preparation scheme of the urea modified glyoxal melamine resin is as follows: the molar ratio of glyoxal to melamine and urea is controlled to be 3.5: 1.0: 0.7, adding all glyoxal into the reaction kettle, adjusting the pH value to 7.5 by using an alkaline catalyst sodium carbonate, heating to 65 ℃, then adding all melamine, reacting for 1 hour, keeping the pH value to 7.5 in the reaction process, adding all urea, cooling to 40 ℃, and discharging for later use.
Preparing fraxinus mandshurica with the water content of 12%, adopting a vacuum pressure tank to soak the wood performance improvement impregnation liquid into fraxinus mandshurica wood, then adopting the drying temperature of 50-80 ℃ to dry the water content of the improved fraxinus mandshurica wood to 12%, and the performance test results are shown in table 2:
table 2 example 2 data table of performance test of fraxinus mandshurica before and after improvement
As can be seen from Table 2, after the fraxinus mandshurica is treated by the wood performance improvement impregnation liquid, the weight of the wood is increased by 80KG per cubic meter, the air-dry density is improved by 12%, the wood shrinkage rate is greatly reduced, the volume shrinkage rate is reduced from 15.7% to 5.9%, the shrinkage resistance is improved by 54%, the dimensional stability of the wood is greatly improved, the deformation is very small in the warm air environment in the winter in the north, the cracking performance is greatly reduced, and the fraxinus mandshurica is a high-quality material for high-grade furniture.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising … …" or "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of additional elements in a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises the element. Further, herein, "greater than," "less than," "more than," and the like are understood to exclude the present numbers; the terms "above", "below", "within" and the like are to be understood as including the number.
It should be noted that, although the above embodiments have been described herein, the invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, based on the innovative concepts of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention can be directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields by making changes and modifications to the embodiments described herein or by using equivalent structures or equivalent processes performed in the present specification, and are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An impregnation fluid for improving wood properties, wherein the impregnation fluid comprises the following components: hydrolyzed feather protein liquid, urea modified glyoxal melamine resin and water; the mass ratio of the hydrolyzed feather protein liquid to the urea modified glyoxal melamine resin is 20-70: 30-80 parts;
the preparation method of the hydrolyzed feather protein liquid comprises the following steps: mixing 30-50 parts by mass of feather meal, 40-60 parts by mass of water, 1-5 parts by mass of reducing agent and 2-8 parts by mass of alkaline catalyst, heating to 90-140 ℃ until the viscosity is 13-15S measured by coating 4 cups, adding 1-3 parts by mass of acidic catalyst, adjusting the pH value to 8-9, and cooling to 40 ℃ to obtain hydrolyzed feather protein liquid;
the preparation method of the urea modified glyoxal melamine resin comprises the following steps: adding glyoxal into a reaction kettle, adjusting the pH value to 7-9, heating to 60-80 ℃, adding melamine, reacting at 60-80 ℃ for 0.5-1 hour, and keeping pH7-9 in the reaction process; finally, adding urea, and cooling to 40 ℃ to obtain urea modified glyoxal melamine resin; the molar ratio of the glyoxal to the melamine to the urea is 4-6:1-2: 1-2.
2. The impregnation liquid for improving wood properties as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrolyzed feather protein liquid is obtained by mixing 40-45 parts by mass of feather meal, 50-55 parts by mass of water, 2-3 parts by mass of reducing agent, and 3-4 parts by mass of basic catalyst, heating to 120-130 ℃ until the viscosity measured by coating 4 cups is 13-15S, adding acidic catalyst, adjusting the pH value to 8-9, and cooling to 40 ℃.
3. The wood-property-improving impregnation liquor of claim 1, wherein the basic catalyst comprises sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, aqueous ammonia or a mixture thereof, the reducing agent comprises sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite or a mixture thereof, and the acidic catalyst comprises ammonium chloride, formic acid, oxalic acid or a mixture thereof.
4. The wood-property-improving impregnation solution according to claim 3, wherein the basic catalyst is sodium hydroxide, the reducing agent is sodium sulfite, and the acidic catalyst is formic acid.
5. The wood-property-improving impregnation fluid of claim 1, wherein the feather meal is white feather meal.
6. The impregnation fluid for improving wood properties according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of glyoxal, melamine, urea is 4-15:1-5: 1-3.
7. The impregnation solution for improving the wood performance according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the hydrolyzed feather protein solution to the urea-modified glyoxal melamine resin is 50-70: 30-50.
8. The impregnation solution for improving the wood performance according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the hydrolyzed feather protein solution to the urea-modified glyoxal melamine resin is 20-50: 50-80.
9. The wood-property-improving impregnation fluid of claim 1, wherein the wood-property-improving impregnation fluid has a solid content of 45 to 50%; viscosity of 5-9mpa.s, effective period >30 days.
10. The preparation method of the impregnation liquid for improving the wood performance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing hydrolyzed feather protein liquid: mixing 30-50 parts by mass of feather meal, 40-60 parts by mass of water, 1-5 parts by mass of reducing agent and 2-8 parts by mass of alkaline catalyst, heating to 90-140 ℃ until the viscosity is 13-15S measured by coating 4 cups, adding 1-3 parts by mass of acidic catalyst, adjusting the pH value to 8-9, and cooling to 40 ℃ to obtain hydrolyzed feather protein liquid;
preparing urea modified glyoxal melamine resin: adding glyoxal into a reaction kettle, adjusting the pH value to 7-9, heating to 60-80 ℃, adding melamine, reacting at 60-80 ℃ for 0.5-1 hour, and keeping pH7-9 in the reaction process; finally, adding urea, and cooling to 40 ℃ to obtain urea modified glyoxal melamine resin; the molar ratio of the glyoxal to the melamine to the urea is 4-6:1-2: 1-2;
mixing: adding water into the hydrolyzed feather protein liquid and urea modified glyoxal melamine resin, and uniformly mixing to obtain wood performance improvement impregnation liquid with solid content of 45-50%; wherein the addition amount of water is more than 8 times of the total mass of the hydrolyzed feather protein liquid and the urea modified glyoxal melamine resin.
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