CN112653545B - Key distribution system based on DFB laser injection light power keying - Google Patents
Key distribution system based on DFB laser injection light power keying Download PDFInfo
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- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/001—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols using chaotic signals
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- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
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- H04B10/503—Laser transmitters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/80—Optical aspects relating to the use of optical transmission for specific applications, not provided for in groups H04B10/03 - H04B10/70, e.g. optical power feeding or optical transmission through water
- H04B10/801—Optical aspects relating to the use of optical transmission for specific applications, not provided for in groups H04B10/03 - H04B10/70, e.g. optical power feeding or optical transmission through water using optical interconnects, e.g. light coupled isolators, circuit board interconnections
- H04B10/802—Optical aspects relating to the use of optical transmission for specific applications, not provided for in groups H04B10/03 - H04B10/70, e.g. optical power feeding or optical transmission through water using optical interconnects, e.g. light coupled isolators, circuit board interconnections for isolation, e.g. using optocouplers
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- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of secret communication, and discloses a key distribution system based on DFB laser injection optical power keying, which comprises a broadband noise light source, a first DFB laser and a second DFB laser, wherein the broadband noise light source is used for outputting broadband noise optical signals and injecting the broadband noise optical signals into the first DFB laser and the second DFB laser respectively to enable the broadband noise optical signals to output synchronous chaotic lasers; the first power adjustable laser module and the second power adjustable laser module respectively output laser signals with adjustable power and inject the laser signals into the first DFB laser and the second DFB laser from the other side under the drive of different random modulation signals to modulate the optical power of the laser signals; chaotic light beams output by the first DFB laser and the second DFB laser are respectively converted to obtain random number sequences and then are respectively stored; the two communication parties exchange and drive the random modulation signals of the first and second power adjustable laser modules through a public channel, and reserve the random number sequence stored when the random modulation drive signals are the same as each other as a secret key for encryption storage. The invention improves the key distribution rate and the security.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of secret communication, particularly relates to the technical field of key distribution, and particularly relates to a key distribution system based on DFB laser injection light power keying.
Background
With the rapid development of science and technology, people have higher and higher requirements on communication safety, and absolutely safe secret communication is concerned, and the country is stable, the society is stable, and the like. The key to information security is secure communications. The one-time pad proposed by shannon provides a solution for absolutely secure secret communication, i.e. a plaintext is encrypted by using a sufficiently random key, and the communication is absolutely secure as long as the length of the key is not shorter than that of the plaintext and the key is used only once. This requires that, one, a large number of high-speed random keys can be generated; and secondly, the safe distribution of high-speed keys can be realized. "one-time pad" is an absolutely secure secret communication, but high speed secure distribution of keys is its application bottleneck.
The security of existing key distribution schemes has mainly two forms: key distribution based on mathematical algorithms and key distribution based on physical entropy sources. At present, a communication system generally adopts a mathematical algorithm for encryption, and mainly comprises a symmetric cryptosystem and an asymmetric cryptosystem. The former adopts the same key and function to encrypt and decrypt plaintext information, but the key distribution and management problem is not solved. The latter, using a pair of public and private key parts, solves the challenge of public distribution of keys. But the security depends on the complexity of selected mathematical problems, such as factorization of large integers (RSA algorithm), discrete logarithm of elliptic curve (ECC algorithm), etc., which leads to a contradiction between security and encryption/decryption speed. More tricky, the security of the mathematical encryption is based on the fact that an eavesdropper has only limited computing power. With the increase of the running speed of the computer and the optimization of the attack algorithm, the security of the key distribution scheme faces a great challenge, for example, Google of 23.2.7.2017 announces a collision breaking method of the public SHA-1 asymmetric algorithm.
While key distribution based on a physical entropy source mainly depends on the physical randomness of the entropy source, typical schemes include quantum key distribution, key distribution based on fiber laser gain fiber and key distribution based on chaotic laser correlation randomness. The former uses quantum mechanical characteristics to ensure communication security. The method enables two communication parties to generate and share a random and safe secret key to encrypt and decrypt messages based on an uncertainty principle, and an eavesdropper cannot accurately acquire quantum state information. And the quantum follows the principle of non-clonality, so that eavesdropping on the distribution of the quantum key can generate inevitable interference on two legal communication parties and be perceived. But single photon energy and transmission losses limit its key distribution rate. The technical difficulty of low communication rate exists in the long-distance quantum key distribution, for example, the fastest rate of quantum key distribution in free space is only 20-400bit/s (Nature Photonics, Vol. 11, number 8 pp. 509-. The key distribution based on the fiber laser gain fiber is characterized in that the ultra-long gain fiber of the fiber laser is used as a key distribution transmission path, independent and random key modulation is used for modulation at path terminals of two communication parties, and fiber mirrors with different reflection wavelengths are randomly selected. When the reflection wavelengths of the optical fiber mirrors are different, the optical fiber laser cannot realize oscillation starting output, an eavesdropper cannot distinguish the key modulation condition of a legal user according to the output state of the laser at the moment, but the legal user can reversely deduce the key modulation condition of the other side according to the key modulation condition of the own side and the output state of the laser, and finally, the safe sharing and distribution of the consistent key are realized. However, in the scheme, the laser signal needs to be repeatedly transmitted for multiple cycles in an oscillation cavity formed by the ultra-long gain fiber to complete 1-bit key distribution, and the key distribution rate is greatly limited. For example, UK scholars A. El-Taher in 2014 implemented secure key distribution at a rate of 100bit/s using a Raman fiber Laser at a distance of 500km (Laser Photonics Reviews, vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 436-. The key distribution based on the chaos laser correlation randomness is that a legal user utilizes a synchronous chaos laser as a correlation signal source and utilizes an independent random key to modulate the correlation signal source, and finally selects a chaos time sequence under the same modulation state to extract a consistent key. Because the chaotic laser has the characteristics of wide bandwidth and noise-like oscillation, the method is expected to improve the key distribution rate, the Japanese Uchida teaches that the same noise signal is used for driving the laser at different places to realize chaotic synchronization, and the key is used for independently and randomly modulating the feedback phases of the chaotic systems of both communication parties, so that the key distribution with the transmission distance of 120km and the rate of 184kbps is finally realized. However, adjusting the phase information of the chaotic laser using the external modulator changes the internal state of the chaotic light, so that the synchronization recovery time of the system is tens of nanoseconds. The scheme is limited by the synchronization recovery time, and the key distribution rate of the scheme is difficult to be continuously improved.
In summary, the existing key distribution scheme has the problems of poor security or low distribution rate. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a high-speed and secure key distribution technology to solve the key technical obstacle of high-speed key secure distribution in the "one-time pad" absolute secure secret communication.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects in the prior art, provides a key distribution system based on DFB laser injection optical power keying, solves the problems of low key distribution rate and poor safety in the prior art, and provides a new key distribution scheme for improving the key distribution rate and the safety.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a key distribution system based on DFB laser injection light power keying comprises a broadband noise light source, a first isolator, a first DFB laser, a second DFB laser, a first power adjustable laser module, a second power adjustable laser module, a first photoelectric detector, a second photoelectric detector, a first analog-to-digital converter, a second analog-to-digital converter, a first memory, a second memory, a first storage channel and a second storage channel common channel;
the broadband noise light source is used for outputting broadband noise light signals which are respectively injected into the first DFB laser and the second DFB laser to enable the broadband noise light sources to output synchronous chaotic lasers; the first power adjustable laser module and the second power adjustable laser module are used for respectively injecting laser signals with adjustable output power into the first DFB laser and the second DFB laser from the other side under the drive of different random modulation signals so as to modulate the output power of the first DFB laser and the second DFB laser; the output light of the first power adjustable laser module and the output light of the second power adjustable laser module meet the optical power tuning condition;
the optical power tuning condition refers to: the center frequency of continuous light output by the adjustable laser module is detuned with the frequency of the injected laser to the extent that the injected DFB laser does not generate chaotic laser when the laser is injected into the DFB laser alone, and the wavelength of the injected light is in the gain region of the injected DFB laser;
the chaotic light beam output by the first DFB laser is detected by the first photoelectric detector, converted by the first analog-to-digital converter to obtain a random number sequence and then sent to the first memory for storage; the chaotic synchronous chaotic light beam output by the second DFB laser is detected by the second photoelectric detector, converted by the second analog-to-digital converter to obtain a random number sequence and then sent to the second memory for storage;
and random modulation signals for driving the first power adjustable laser module and the second power adjustable laser module are respectively and synchronously input into the first memory and the second memory for storage, the first memory and the second memory exchange the random modulation driving signals through the public channel, and a random number sequence stored when the random modulation driving signals are the same is reserved as a secret key for encryption storage.
The first power adjustable laser module and the second power adjustable laser module have the same structure and respectively comprise a detuned laser, an intensity modulator and a random signal generator, laser emitted by the detuned laser is output after being subjected to power modulation by the intensity modulator, and a random modulation signal output by the random signal generator is used for driving the intensity modulator; in the first power tunable laser module and the second power tunable laser module, the random modulation signal output by the random signal generator is further sent to the first memory and the second memory for storage through the first storage channel and the second storage channel, respectively.
The first power adjustable laser module and the second power adjustable laser module have the same structure and respectively comprise a detuning laser, a T-shaped biaser and a random signal generator, wherein a random modulation signal output by the random signal generator is input into the detuning laser through the T-shaped biaser to modulate laser power output by the detuning laser; in the first power tunable laser module and the second power tunable laser module, the random modulation signal output by the random signal generator is further sent to the first memory and the second memory for storage through the first storage channel and the second storage channel, respectively.
The broadband noise light source is a super-radiation light emitting diode, and the detuning laser is a distributed feedback laser.
The key distribution system based on DFB laser injection optical power keying further comprises a first isolator, a tunable optical filter, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier and a first coupler, wherein output laser of the broadband noise light source is divided into two beams after sequentially passing through the first isolator, the tunable optical filter, the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier and the first coupler and then is respectively injected into the first DFB laser and the second DFB laser, the tunable optical filter is used for filtering broadband noise optical signals output by the broadband noise light source, and the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier is used for amplifying the filtered signals.
The splitting ratio of the first coupler is 50: 50.
The key distribution system based on DFB laser injection light power keying further comprises a first polarization controller, a first attenuator, a second polarization controller, a second attenuator, a second coupler and a third coupler;
after the output laser of the broadband noise light source is divided into two beams, one beam is injected into the first DFB laser after passing through the first polarization controller, the first attenuator and the second coupler in sequence, and the other beam is injected into the second DFB laser after passing through the second polarization controller, the second attenuator and the third coupler in sequence; synchronous chaotic laser output by the first DFB laser and the second DFB laser respectively passes through the second coupler and the third coupler and is received by the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector respectively.
The first polarization controller and the first attenuator are used for adjusting the polarization state and the light intensity of the injected light of the first DFB laser, and the second polarization controller and the second attenuator are used for adjusting the polarization state and the light intensity of the injected light of the second DFB laser; the first DFB laser a and the second DFB laser b reach a chaotic synchronization state by adjusting the polarization and the light intensity of the injected noise light.
The key distribution system based on DFB laser injection optical power keying further comprises a second isolator and a third isolator, wherein the second isolator is arranged between the first polarization controller and the first attenuator, and the third isolator is arranged between the second polarization controller and the second attenuator.
The key distribution system based on DFB laser injection light power keying further comprises a third polarization controller, a fourth isolator, a fourth polarization controller and a fifth isolator; the laser signal with adjustable power output by the first power adjustable laser module sequentially passes through the third polarization controller and the fourth isolator and then is injected into the first DFB laser from the other side;
and the power-adjustable laser signal output by the second power-adjustable laser module sequentially passes through the fourth polarization controller and the fifth isolator and then is injected into the second DFB laser from the other side.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention realizes the generation of consistent keys by comparing the private key information for on-off keying with the random sequence generated by the change of the output light power of the laser, and when the synchronization of the response laser is adjusted, the private key information only changes the output light power of the laser and does not change the phase information and the polarization state in the chaotic light, thereby reducing the influence of chaotic synchronization recovery time, and utilizing the broadband advantage of chaotic laser signals, thereby greatly improving the key distribution rate.
2. The invention utilizes the output light power change of the chaotic laser to generate the random key, thereby increasing the complexity of the key and further enhancing the security of key distribution;
3. the invention uses the super-radiation light emitting diode as the driving source of the system, and the output signal has the characteristics of broadband and noise-like, so that an eavesdropper cannot completely observe the change of a time domain and further cannot reconstruct a complete driving signal, and the security of key distribution is effectively enhanced.
In summary, the invention provides a high-speed physical key distribution system based on chaotic synchronization of output optical power of a laser, solves the problems of poor safety and slow distribution rate of the existing key distribution technology, and provides a safe and high-speed key distribution scheme for absolutely safe secret communication.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a key distribution system based on DFB laser injection optical power keying provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a DFB laser;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power tunable laser module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an analog-to-digital conversion module obtaining a random number sequence according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a power tunable laser module according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 is a broadband noise light source, 2 is a first isolator, 3 is a tunable optical filter, 4 is an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, 5 is a first coupler, 6a is a first polarization controller, 6b is a second polarization controller, 7a is a second isolator, 7b is a third isolator, 8a is a first attenuator, 8b is a second attenuator, 9a is a second coupler, 9b is a third coupler, 10a is a first DFB laser, 10b is a second DFB laser, 11a is a fourth isolator, 11b is a fifth isolator, 12a is a third polarization controller, 12b is a fourth polarization controller, 13a is a first power tunable module, 13b is a second power tunable laser module, 14a is a first photodetector, 14b is a second photodetector, 15a is a first analog-to-digital converter, 15b is a second analog-to-digital converter, 16a is a first memory, 16b is the second memory, 17a is the first memory channel, 17b is the second memory channel, 18 is the common channel, 19 is the detuned laser, 20 is the intensity modulator, 21 is the random signal generator, 23 is the T-type biaser.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a key distribution system based on DFB laser injection optical power keying, which includes a broadband noise light source 1, a first isolator 2, a tunable optical filter 3, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier 4, a first coupler 5, a first polarization controller 6a, a second polarization controller 6b, a second isolator 7a, a third isolator 7b, a first attenuator 8a, a second attenuator 8b, a second coupler 9a, a third coupler 9b, a first DFB laser 10a, a second DFB laser 10b, a third polarization controller 12a, a fourth isolator 11a, a fourth polarization controller 12b, a fifth isolator 11b, a first power tunable laser module 13a, a second power tunable laser module 13b, a first photodetector 14a, a second photodetector 14b, a first analog-to-digital converter 15a, a, A second analog-to-digital converter 15b, a first memory 16a, a second memory 16b, a first memory channel 17a, a second memory channel 17b and a common channel 18.
Wherein, the output end of the broadband noise light source 1 is connected with the input end of a first isolator 2, the output end of the first isolator 2 is connected with the output end of a tunable optical filter 3, the output end of the tunable optical filter 3 is connected with the input end of an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier 4, the output end of the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier 4 is connected with the input end of a first coupler 5, the output end of the first coupler 5 is connected with the input end of a first polarization controller 6a of a user on the A side, the output end of the first polarization controller 6a is connected with the input end of a second isolator 7a, the output end of the second isolator 7a is connected with the input end of a first attenuator 8a, the output end of the first attenuator 8a is connected with the input end of a second coupler 9a, the output end of the second coupler 9a is connected with the output waveguide of a first DFB laser 10a, the output end of a first power tunable laser module 13a is connected with the input end of a third polarization controller 12a, the output end of the third polarization controller 12a is connected to the input end of a fourth optical isolator 11a, the output end of the fourth optical isolator 11a is connected to the input waveguide of the first DFB laser 10a, the output end of the first DFB laser 10a is connected to the input end of the first photodetector 14a through the second coupler 9a, the output end of the first photodetector 14a is connected to the input end of the first analog-to-digital converter 15a, the output end of the first analog-to-digital converter 15a is connected to the input end of the first memory 16a, the random power modulation signal for driving the first power tunable laser module 13a is output to the first memory 16a through the first storage channel 17a, the connection on the B-user side is the same as above, and the memories 16a and 16B of both users are connected through the common channel 18.
The output laser of the broadband noise light source 1 sequentially passes through the first isolator 2, the tunable optical filter 3, the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier 4 and the first coupler 5 and then is divided into two beams which are respectively injected into the first DFB laser 10a and the second DFB laser 10b, the tunable optical filter 3 is used for filtering broadband noise optical signals output by the broadband noise light source 1, and the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier 4 is used for amplifying the filtered signals. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the splitting ratio of the first coupler 5 is 50: 50.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the broadband noise light source 1 is configured to output broadband noise optical signals, which are respectively injected into the first DFB laser 10a and the second DFB laser 10b to output synchronized chaotic lasers; the first power tunable laser module 13a and the second power tunable laser module 13b are configured to inject laser signals with adjustable output powers into the first DFB laser 10a and the second DFB laser 10b from the other side, respectively, under the driving of different random modulation signals, so as to modulate the output powers of the first DFB laser and the second DFB laser; the output light of the first power tunable laser module 13a and the second power tunable laser module 13b should satisfy an optical power tuning condition; the optical power tuning condition refers to: the center frequency of continuous light output by the power adjustable laser module is detuned with the frequency of the injected laser to the extent that the injected DFB laser does not generate chaotic laser when the laser is injected into the DFB laser alone, and the wavelength of the injected light is in the gain region of the injected DFB laser.
In this embodiment, after the output laser of the broadband noise light source 1 is divided into two beams, one beam is injected into the first DFB laser 10a after passing through the first polarization controller 6a, the second isolator 7a, the first attenuator 8a, and the second coupler 9a in sequence, and the other beam is injected into the second DFB laser 10b after passing through the second polarization controller 6b, the third isolator 7b, the second attenuator 8b, and the third coupler 9b in sequence; the synchronous chaotic laser output by the first DFB laser 10a and the second DFB laser 10b respectively passes through the second coupler 9a and the third coupler 9b and is received by the first photodetector 14a and the second photodetector 14b respectively. The first polarization controller 6a and the first attenuator 8a are used for adjusting the polarization state and the light intensity of the injected light of the first DFB laser 10a, and the second polarization controller 6b and the second attenuator 8b are used for adjusting the polarization state and the light intensity of the injected light of the second DFB laser 10 b; the first and second DFB lasers 10a and 10b achieve a chaotic synchronization state by adjusting the polarization and light intensity of the injected noise light.
In this embodiment, the power-adjustable laser signal output by the first power-adjustable laser module 13a sequentially passes through the third polarization controller 12a and the fourth isolator 11a and then is injected into the first DFB laser 10a from the other side; the power-adjustable laser signal output by the second power-adjustable laser module 13b sequentially passes through the fourth polarization controller 12b and the fifth isolator 11b, and then is injected into the second DFB laser 10b from the other side.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the chaotic light beam output by the first DFB laser 10a is detected by the first photodetector 14a, converted by the first analog-to-digital converter 15a to obtain a random number sequence, and sent to the first memory 16a for storage; the chaotic synchronous chaotic light beam output by the second DFB laser 10b is detected by a second photoelectric detector 14b, converted by a second analog-to-digital converter 15b to obtain a random number sequence, and then sent to the second memory 16b for storage; the random modulation signals for driving the first power tunable laser module 13a and the second power tunable laser module 13b are respectively and synchronously input to the first memory 16a and the second memory 16b for storage, the first memory 16a and the second memory 16b exchange the random modulation signals through the common channel 18, and the random number sequences stored when the random modulation signals are the same are reserved as keys for encryption storage.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the principle of obtaining the random number sequence by the first analog-to-digital conversion module and the second analog-to-digital conversion module is as follows: the photoelectric detector detects to obtain a light intensity signal, and a random number sequence (01 code) is obtained through sampling and double-threshold quantization. Sampling is to take a snapshot of the resulting chaotic time sequence. Double threshold quantization is to delineate two thresholds on the time series waveform, with the sample points above the upper threshold (mean of time series + standard deviation of c1 time series) quantized to 1, the sample points below the lower threshold (mean of time series-standard deviation of c2 time series) quantized to 0, and the points between the two thresholds discarded as unnecessary, with c1 and c2 being coefficients, as shown in fig. 4.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the broadband noise light source is a superluminescent light emitting diode, and the detuned laser 19 is a distributed feedback laser. A superluminescent light emitting diode is a semiconductor device that emits broadband light by current injection, outputting broadband (spectral) noise optical signals as drive signals in response to chaos generated by lasers (first and second DFB lasers 10a, 10 b). The output signal is noise-like and has low synchronism with the chaotic signal of the response laser, and even if an eavesdropper intercepts the driving signal, the eavesdropper cannot obtain the secret key.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: a broadband signal generated by a broadband noise light source 1 is isolated by a first optical isolator 2 and then is injected into a tunable optical filter 3 in a one-way mode for filtering, the filtered signal is amplified by an erbium-doped fiber amplifier 4 and then is divided into two paths by a first coupler 5 to be respectively input into a legal communication party A and a legal communication party B, the A communication party is taken as an example for explaining the process, a signal output by the first coupler 5 is injected into a first DFB laser 10a in a one-way mode through a second optical isolator 7a, and the injected signal disturbs the first DFB laser 10a to generate chaotic signals. The legitimate communication parties a and B make the polarization of the driving light injected into the first DFB laser 10a and the second DFB laser 10B the same as the light intensity by adjusting the first polarization controller 6a and the second polarization controller 6B, and the first attenuator 8a and the second attenuator 8B, so that the first DFB laser 10a and the second DFB laser 10B reach the chaotic synchronization state. First of allThe output light of the power-adjustable laser module 13a is injected into the first DFB laser 10a in a unidirectional way through the third polarization controller 12a and the fourth isolator 11a, the injected light consumes carriers in the first DFB laser 10a, and affects the optical power of the chaotic laser output by the first DFB laser, and the legal communication parties a and B modulate a signal i through random modulation A And i B Adjusting the output optical power of the first power adjustable laser module 13a and the second power adjustable laser module 13b when randomly modulating the signal i A And i B If they are the same, the output power of the first power tunable laser module 13a is the same as that of the second power tunable laser module 13b, otherwise, the output power is different, and therefore, the random modulation signal i A And i B The first and second DFB lasers 10a and 10B of legitimate parties a and B can be made to randomly switch output optical signals in a synchronized and unsynchronized state. Chaotic light signals output by the first DFB laser 10a and the second DFB laser 10b pass through the first photodetector 14a and the second photodetector 14b, and random number sequences are generated by the first analog-to-digital converter 15a and the second analog-to-digital converter 15b and are respectively stored in the first memory 16a and the second memory 16 b; high-low level signal i of random conversion A And i B As private keys for users a and B, respectively, are stored in the first memory 16a and the second memory 16B via the first memory channel 17a and the second memory channel 17B, respectively. Legitimate parties A and B exchange private key i over public channel 18 A And i B And the users A and B select the random sequences corresponding to the same private key after comparing the private keys, and encrypt the random sequences as the keys, thereby realizing the key distribution.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the schematic structural diagrams of the first DFB laser 10a and the second DFB laser 10a are shown in fig. 2, the grating and the gain region of the DFB laser (distributed feedback laser) are in the same portion, only one electrode of the laser controls the power of the laser, the laser has two waveguides in the horizontal direction, and the laser can inject optical signals into the laser from two opposite directions, and the laser can also output optical signals from two directions.
The optical power tuning principle of the embodiment of the invention is as follows: now with user A sideTo illustrate, the first power tunable laser module 13a outputs the center frequency λ of the continuous light 2 When the distributed feedback laser 10a outputs freely, the center frequency λ 1 of the continuous light has a larger frequency mistuning 12 =λ 1 -λ 2 。∆λ 12 Should satisfy two conditions:
when the output light of the first power tunable laser module 13a is independently and directly injected into the first DFB laser 10a, the internal light field of the first DFB laser 10a is not changed, and chaotic light signals are not generated;
two, lambda 2 In the gain region of the output spectrum of the first DFB laser 10 a.
The above condition is that when the broadband noise light source 1 is injected into the first DFB laser 10a to generate a chaotic signal, and then the output continuous light of the first power tunable laser module 13a is injected, the spectrum of the chaotic signal generated by the first DFB laser 10a does not change; the second condition is that when the output continuous light of the first power tunable laser module 13a is injected into the optical cavity of the first DFB laser 10a, the photons injected from the first power tunable laser module 13a can consume the carriers in the optical cavity of the first DFB laser 10a, so that the output power of the first DFB laser 10a is reduced; when the intensity of light injected by the first power tunable laser module 13a increases, the state of population inversion is changed due to the consumption of the first power tunable laser module 13a on the carrier concentration in the first DFB laser 10a, so that the chaotic optical power output by the first DFB laser 10a decreases until reaching a steady state, and when the intensity of light injected by the first power tunable laser module 13a decreases, the consumption of the first power tunable laser module 10a on the carrier concentration is reduced, so that the chaotic optical power output by the first DFB laser 10a increases until reaching the steady state.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the first power tunable laser module 13a and the second power tunable laser module 13b have the same structure. As shown in fig. 3, the laser device includes a detuned laser 19, an intensity modulator 20, and a random signal generator 21, wherein laser light emitted from the detuned laser 19 is output after being power-modulated by the intensity modulator 20, a random modulation signal output from the random signal generator 21 is used to drive the intensity modulator 20, and the random modulation signal output from the random signal generator 21 is further sent to memories (16 a and 16 b) through storage channels (17 a and 17 b), respectively, for storage. In this embodiment, when the random signal generator 21 outputs a high level, the attenuation of the light by the intensity modulator 20 is increased, the optical power of the output light of the power tunable laser module is reduced, the number of photons entering the optical cavity of the first DFB laser 10a or the second DFB laser 10b is reduced, and the number of consumed carriers is reduced, so that the output power of the first DFB laser 10a or the second DFB laser 10b is increased. When the output of the random signal generator 21 is at a low level, the output optical power of the first DFB laser 10a or the second DFB laser 10b varies inversely.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the random signal generator 21 may specifically be an arbitrary waveform generator.
In the embodiment of the invention, during key distribution, the random signal generator 21 generates the randomly transformed high-low level signal i A And i B As private keys of users A and B, respectively, when modulated signals i of users A and B A And i B When the two laser powers are the same, the output optical powers of the first DFB laser 10a and the second DFB laser 10B corresponding to the user a and the user B are the same, and meanwhile, the output signals (generated keys) of the lasers can also realize synchronization; when modulated signals i of user A and user B A And i B When the two optical powers are different, the output optical powers of the first DFB laser 10a and the second DFB laser 10B corresponding to the user a and the user B are different, the signals are asynchronous, and finally the generated keys are different.
Example two
As shown in fig. 1, a key distribution system based on DFB laser injection optical power keying according to a second embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, except that in the first embodiment, the structures of the first power tunable laser module 13a and the second power tunable laser module 13b are different from that of the first embodiment, and as shown in fig. 5, the first power tunable laser module and the second power tunable laser module respectively include a detuned laser 19, a T-type bias 23, and a random signal generator 21, a random modulation signal output by the random signal generator 21 is input to the detuned laser 19 through the T-type bias 23 to modulate laser power output by the detuned laser 19, and the random modulation signal output by the random signal generator 21 is further sent to the memory 16 through the storage channel 17 for storage.
In the present embodiment, the random signal generator 21 outputs a random high/low level signal i (i for both communication parties) A Or i B ) A bias current I loaded on the RF port of the T-shaped bias device 23 1 Is loaded on the DC port of the T-shaped biaser 23 to superpose the current I 1 + i as an applied tuning bias current for the detuned laser 19 may adjust the optical power of the continuous light output by the detuned laser 19. When the random signal generator 22 outputs a high level, the gain in the detuned laser 19 increases, the optical power of the output light of the detuned laser 19 increases, the number of photons entering the inner cavity of the first DFB laser 10a or the second DFB laser 10b increases, and the number of consumed carriers increases, so that the output power of the first DFB laser 10a or the second DFB laser 10b decreases. When the output of the random signal generator 22 is at a low level, the output optical power of the first DFB laser 10a or the second DFB laser 10b varies inversely.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the broadband noise light source 1 is a superluminescent light emitting diode, and the detuned laser 19 is a distributed feedback laser. Specifically, in this embodiment, the random signal generator 21 may specifically be an arbitrary waveform generator.
In summary, the present invention provides a key distribution system based on DFB laser injection optical power keying, which utilizes the characteristic of low correlation between different optical powers of two lasers by detecting the output optical power of the DFB laser; the synchronous state of the total output signal can be adjusted by on-off keying different optical powers, and the internal characteristics of the chaotic signal are not changed in the process, so that the influence of synchronous recovery time is reduced, and the speed of key distribution can be improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A key distribution system based on DFB laser injection light power keying is characterized by comprising a broadband noise light source (1), a first isolator (2), a first DFB laser (10 a), a second DFB laser (10 b), a first power tunable laser module (13 a), a second power tunable laser module (13 b), a first photoelectric detector (14 a), a second photoelectric detector (14 b), a first analog-to-digital converter (15 a), a second analog-to-digital converter (15 b), a first memory (16 a), a second memory (16 b), a first storage channel (17 a) and a second storage channel (17 b), wherein the public channel (18) is used for transmitting a broadband noise light source and a second storage channel (17 b);
the broadband noise light source (1) is used for outputting broadband noise light signals, and injecting the broadband noise light signals into the first DFB laser (10 a) and the second DFB laser (10 b) respectively to enable the broadband noise light signals to output synchronous chaotic laser; the first power adjustable laser module (13 a) and the second power adjustable laser module (13 b) are used for respectively injecting laser signals with adjustable output power into the first DFB laser (10 a) and the second DFB laser (10 b) from the other side under the drive of different random modulation signals, and modulating the output power of the laser signals; the output light of the first power tunable laser module (13 a) and the second power tunable laser module (13 b) should satisfy an optical power tuning condition;
the optical power tuning condition refers to: the center frequency of continuous light output by the adjustable laser module is detuned with the frequency of the injected laser to the extent that the injected DFB laser does not generate chaotic laser when the laser is injected into the DFB laser alone, and the wavelength of the injected light is in the gain region of the injected DFB laser;
the chaotic light beam output by the first DFB laser (10 a) is detected by a first photoelectric detector (14 a), converted by a first analog-to-digital converter (15 a) to obtain a random number sequence and then sent to the first memory (16 a) for storage; the chaotic synchronous chaotic light beam output by the second DFB laser (10 b) is detected by a second photoelectric detector (14 b), converted by a second analog-to-digital converter (15 b) to obtain a random number sequence and then sent to a second memory (16 b) for storage;
the random modulation signals for driving the first power adjustable laser module (13 a) and the second power adjustable laser module (13 b) are respectively synchronously input into the first memory (16 a) and the second memory (16 b) for storage, the first memory (16 a) and the second memory (16 b) exchange the random modulation driving signals through the public channel (18), and the random number sequence stored when the random modulation driving signals are the same is reserved as a key for encryption storage;
the broadband noise light source is characterized by further comprising a tunable optical filter (3), an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier (4) and a first coupler (5), wherein output laser of the broadband noise light source sequentially passes through the first isolator (2), the tunable optical filter (3), the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier (4) and the first coupler (5) and then is divided into two beams which are respectively injected into the first DFB laser (10 a) and the second DFB laser (10 b), the tunable optical filter (3) is used for filtering broadband noise optical signals output by the broadband noise light source (1), and the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier (4) is used for amplifying the filtered signals;
the polarization controller further comprises a first polarization controller (6 a), a first attenuator (8 a), a second polarization controller (6 b), a second attenuator (8 b), a second coupler (9 a), a third coupler (9 b), a second isolator (7 a) and a third isolator (7 b);
after the output laser of the broadband noise light source is divided into two beams, one beam is injected into a first DFB laser (10 a) after passing through a first polarization controller (6 a), a second isolator (7 a), a first attenuator (8 a) and a second coupler (9 a) in sequence, and the other beam is injected into a second DFB laser (10 b) after passing through a second polarization controller (6 b), a third isolator (7 b), a second attenuator (8 b) and a third coupler (9 b) in sequence; synchronous chaotic lasers output by the first DFB laser (10 a) and the second DFB laser (10 b) respectively pass through the second coupler (9 a) and the third coupler (9 b) and are received by the first photoelectric detector (14 a) and the second photoelectric detector (14 b) respectively;
the polarization controller further comprises a third polarization controller (12 a), a fourth isolator (11 a), a fourth polarization controller (12 b) and a fifth isolator (11 b); the laser signal with adjustable power output by the first power adjustable laser module (13 a) sequentially passes through the third polarization controller (12 a) and the fourth isolator (11 a) and then is injected into the first DFB laser (10 a) from the other side;
and the power-adjustable laser signal output by the second power-adjustable laser module (13 b) sequentially passes through the fourth polarization controller (12 b) and the fifth isolator (11 b) and then is injected into the second DFB laser (10 b) from the other side.
2. A key distribution system based on DFB laser injection optical power keying according to claim 1, wherein the first power tunable laser module (13 a) and the second power tunable laser module (13 b) have the same structure, and respectively comprise a detuned laser (19), an intensity modulator (20) and a random signal generator (21), wherein the laser light emitted from the detuned laser (19) is output after being power-modulated by the intensity modulator (20), and the random modulation signal output from the random signal generator (21) is used for driving the intensity modulator (20); in the first power tunable laser module (13 a) and the second power tunable laser module (13 b), the random modulation signal of the output of the random signal generator (21) is also transmitted to the first memory (16 a) and the second memory (16 b) for storage through the first storage channel (17 a) and the second storage channel (17 b), respectively.
3. A key distribution system based on DFB laser injection optical power keying according to claim 1, wherein the first power tunable laser module (13 a) and the second power tunable laser module (13 b) have the same structure, and respectively comprise a detuned laser (19), a T-type biaser (23) and a random signal generator (21), wherein a random modulation signal output by the random signal generator (21) is input to the detuned laser (19) through the T-type biaser (23) to modulate the laser power output by the detuned laser (19); in the first power tunable laser module (13 a) and the second power tunable laser module (13 b), the random modulation signal of the output of the random signal generator (21) is also transmitted to the first memory (16 a) and the second memory (16 b) for storage through the first storage channel (17 a) and the second storage channel (17 b), respectively.
4. A DFB laser injection optical power keying based key distribution system according to any of claims 2-3, wherein the broadband noise light source is a super-luminescent diode, and the detuned laser (19) is a distributed feedback laser.
5. A DFB laser injection optical power keying based key distribution system according to claim 1, wherein the splitting ratio of the first coupler (5) is 50: 50.
6. A DFB laser injected light power keying based key distribution system according to claim 1, wherein said first polarization controller (6 a) and first attenuator (8 a) are used to adjust the polarization state and light intensity of the injected light of the first DFB laser (10 a), and said second polarization controller (6 b) and second attenuator (8 b) are used to adjust the polarization state and light intensity of the injected light of the second DFB laser (10 b); the first and second DFB lasers 10a and 10b achieve a chaotic synchronization state by adjusting the polarization and light intensity of the injected noise light.
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