CN112652213B - Dynamic simulation teaching aid for mitosis of cells - Google Patents
Dynamic simulation teaching aid for mitosis of cells Download PDFInfo
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- CN112652213B CN112652213B CN201910991971.XA CN201910991971A CN112652213B CN 112652213 B CN112652213 B CN 112652213B CN 201910991971 A CN201910991971 A CN 201910991971A CN 112652213 B CN112652213 B CN 112652213B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
Abstract
The invention provides a dynamic simulation teaching aid for mitosis of cells, which relates to the technical field of biological teaching equipment and solves the technical problem that the teaching effect is influenced by the fact that a teaching tool in the prior art cannot be comprehensively and dynamically displayed due to the incomplete mitosis simulation process; the spindle body assembly and the dyeing monomer assembly are arranged inside the circular mother cell membrane assembly, the transmission device is in transmission connection with the spindle body assembly, and the spindle body assembly can abut against the corresponding arc-shaped part and push the arc-shaped part to slide; the two arc-shaped parts can be mutually separated and form two independent sub-cell membrane assemblies; the invention not only has comprehensive simulation process, but also can realize dynamic display.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological teaching equipment, in particular to a dynamic simulation teaching aid for mitosis of cells.
Background
Mitosis is also called indirect division, which is a process of generating somatic cells by eukaryotic cell division and is an important knowledge point in biological teaching courses, and a cell mitosis teaching aid is generally used in the teaching process of cell mitosis as a teaching tool, while the existing cell mitosis teaching aid can only simulate the division process of chromosomes in the cell mitosis process, or utilize a plurality of groups of teaching aids in different states to respectively simulate the states of cells in different periods in the cell mitosis process, and the cell mitosis teaching aids not only have incomplete simulation processes, but also can not visually and dynamically display the division process, have a plurality of defects and greatly influence the teaching effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dynamic mitosis simulation teaching aid to solve the technical problem that the teaching effect is influenced by insufficient and incomplete mitosis simulation process and dynamic display of the existing teaching aid in the prior art; the invention provides a plurality of technical effects which can be produced by a preferred technical scheme in a plurality of technical schemes (the arc-shaped pieces are provided with arc-shaped sliding grooves and sliding blocks which are matched in shape and are convenient for the two arc-shaped pieces to slide relatively, the shell comprises an installation cavity used for installing a transmission device, the shell comprises a display cavity which can not only accommodate a dye monomer assembly, a spindle body assembly and a cell membrane assembly, but also directly and intuitively display the dynamic changes of the dye monomer assembly, each dye monomer assembly comprises a plurality of dye monomer units used for simulating the dynamic changes of a plurality of chromosomes, a slide way and a sliding part are matched with each other to effectively limit the sliding track of the dye monomer units in the moving process, each dye monomer unit comprises a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a connecting shaft, two dye monomer units are matched with each other to simulate the chromosomes, a guide column and a guide channel are matched with each other, the dyeing monomer unit pieces are overlapped when positioned at the initial position, and the process of copying and separating the chromosome can be simulated along with the sliding of the dyeing monomer unit pieces; the spindle body assembly comprises a traction piece and a connecting rod, the traction piece is used for simulating a spindle body, and the traction piece can drive the corresponding dyeing monomer unit piece to slide through the connecting rod; the transmission device comprises an input device, a synchronization device and an output device, and can drive the two spindle body assemblies to synchronously and reversely move on the same straight line under the control of the operating device; the transmission device further comprises a tensioning device for tensioning the transmission belt, ensuring the transmission effect of the transmission device, etc.) as explained in detail below.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a dynamic simulation teaching aid for mitosis of cells, which comprises a manipulation device, a transmission device, a cell membrane component, a spindle component and a dyeing monomer component, wherein the manipulation device is in transmission connection with the input end of the transmission device, the transmission device comprises two output ends which are oppositely arranged and synchronously and reversely move, the number of the spindle component and the dyeing monomer component is two, the two dyeing monomers are in adsorption connection, and the corresponding output ends, the spindle component and the dyeing monomer component are in transmission connection in sequence, wherein: the cell membrane assembly comprises two arc-shaped parts which are oppositely arranged and are in sliding fit, and partial sections of the two arc-shaped parts are mutually overlapped and enclose a circular mother cell membrane assembly; the spindle body assembly and the dyeing monomer assembly are arranged inside the circular mother cell membrane assembly, the output end penetrates through the corresponding arc-shaped part to be connected with the spindle body assembly, and the spindle body assembly can abut against the corresponding arc-shaped part and push the arc-shaped part to slide; the two arc-shaped parts can be separated from each other and form two independent sub-cell membrane assemblies.
Preferably, an arc chute is formed in one end of the arc part along the arc part, a sliding block matched with the arc chute in shape is arranged at the other end of the arc part, and the two arc parts are in sliding fit with the arc chute through the corresponding sliding blocks.
Preferably, cell mitosis dynamic simulation teaching aid still includes the casing, the inside baffle that is provided with of casing, the baffle will the inside cavity of casing is separated for installation cavity and show chamber, be provided with on the casing with the show mouth that the show chamber is linked together, the position of show mouth can be dismantled and be provided with transparent cover, wherein: the transmission device is arranged in the installation cavity, the cell membrane assembly, the dyeing monomer assembly and the spindle body assembly are all arranged in the display cavity, and two output ends of the transmission device penetrate through the partition plate and are respectively in transmission connection with the corresponding spindle body assembly.
Preferably, the dye monomer component comprises at least one dye monomer unit, an adsorption part is arranged on the dye monomer unit, the two dye monomer components corresponding to the dye monomer unit are adsorbed and connected through the adsorption part, and the two dye monomer units are respectively in transmission connection with the corresponding spindle components.
Preferably, the partition plate and the transparent cover plate are provided with slide ways, and the number of the slide ways on the partition plate, the number of the slide ways on the transparent cover plate and the number of the dye monomer units contained in a single dye monomer assembly are the same, wherein: the sliding part of the dyeing monomer unit piece close to one side of the clapboard is arranged in the corresponding slide way on the clapboard and can slide along the slide way; the sliding part of the dyeing monomer unit piece far away from one side of the partition plate is arranged in the corresponding slide way on the transparent cover plate and can slide along the slide way.
Preferably, the dye monomer unit piece comprises a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a connecting shaft, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are connected and arranged on a middle section of the connecting shaft, the sliding part is arranged on an end part of the connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft is connected with the corresponding spindle assembly.
Preferably, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are rotatably connected to a middle section of the connecting shaft, guide posts are arranged on the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, and the two guide posts are symmetrically arranged relative to the connecting shaft; guide channels are arranged on the partition plate and two sides of the slide way on the transparent cover plate respectively, each guide channel comprises a first section channel and a second section channel which are communicated, the starting end of each first section channel is obliquely arranged along the direction far away from the slide way, the second section channels are arranged in parallel relative to the slide way, and the starting ends of the guide channels and the starting end of the slide way are arranged on the same straight line; when the two corresponding single dyeing unit pieces are respectively located at the positions corresponding to the starting ends of the slideways, the guide posts on the two single dyeing unit pieces are located at the starting ends of the guide channels, and the two single dyeing unit pieces are overlapped with each other.
Preferably, the spindle body assembly comprises a drag member and a connecting rod, wherein: one end of the connecting rod is connected with the corresponding dyeing monomer component; the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with the traction piece; the traction piece is connected and arranged on the output end of the transmission device.
Preferably, the transmission comprises an input device, a synchronization device and an output device, wherein: the input device comprises an input shaft, and the operating device is connected with the input shaft and can drive the input shaft to rotate; the output device comprises a first gear rack mechanism and a second gear rack mechanism which are oppositely arranged, the first gear rack mechanism and the second gear rack mechanism are respectively connected with the corresponding spindle body assembly through pull rods, and the first gear rack mechanism is in transmission connection with the input shaft; the synchronizer comprises a belt transmission mechanism, one end of the belt transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with the input shaft, the other end of the belt transmission mechanism is provided with a gear mechanism, and the gear mechanism is in transmission connection with the second gear rack mechanism.
Preferably, the belt transmission mechanism includes a transmission belt, a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the transmission device further includes a tensioning device, the tensioning device includes a tensioning wheel and an eccentric wheel, wherein: the eccentric wheel is eccentrically arranged on the tension wheel, the driving wheel, the eccentric wheel and the driven wheel are in transmission connection through the transmission belt, the driving wheel is sleeved on the input shaft and synchronously rotates with the input shaft, the driven wheel is in transmission connection with the second gear rack mechanism, and the tension wheel is rotated to drive the eccentric wheel to eccentrically rotate so as to tension the transmission belt.
The teaching aid for dynamic simulation of cell mitosis provided by the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
the cell mitosis dynamic simulation teaching aid comprises a manipulation device, a transmission device, a cell membrane assembly, a spindle assembly and a dyeing monomer assembly, wherein the manipulation device is in transmission connection with the input end of the transmission device, and a user can control the cell mitosis dynamic simulation teaching aid through the manipulation device; the transmission device comprises two output ends which are oppositely arranged and synchronously move in a reverse direction, the number of the spindle body assembly and the number of the dyeing monomer assemblies are respectively two, the two dyeing monomer assemblies are connected in an adsorption manner and are sequentially connected with the corresponding output ends in a transmission manner, the spindle body assembly is used for simulating a cell spindle, the dyeing monomer assemblies are used for simulating a cell dyeing monomer, the two dyeing monomer assemblies are connected in an adsorption manner and are used for simulating a cell chromosome, the transmission device can drive the two spindle body assemblies to synchronously move back and forth under the control of the control device, so that the two dyeing monomer assemblies are driven to separate and synchronously move back and forth, and the dynamic change of the chromosome of a cell in the processes of metaphase, anaphase and anaphase of mitosis can be effectively simulated; the cell membrane component comprises two arc-shaped components which are oppositely arranged and are in sliding fit, partial sections of the two arc-shaped components are mutually overlapped and enclose a circular mother cell membrane component, the spindle component and the dyeing monomer component are both arranged in the circular mother cell membrane component, the output end penetrates through the corresponding arc-shaped component and is connected with the spindle component, the spindle component can be abutted against the corresponding arc-shaped component and pushes the arc-shaped component to slide, the spindle component drives the dyeing monomer component to slide under the driving of the corresponding output end, the two arc-shaped components can be mutually separated and form two independent sub cell membrane components, after the two dyeing monomer components are separated, the corresponding arc-shaped component and the dyeing monomer component continue to synchronously slide under the driving of the spindle component until the two arc-shaped components are completely separated and form two independent sub cell membrane components, can simulate the dynamic change of cell membrane in the mitosis process of the cell; the invention can simulate the dynamic change of chromosome in the mitosis process of the cell and the dynamic change of cell membrane in the mitosis process of the cell, and the simulation process is visual and comprehensive and is convenient for learning and understanding.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cell membrane module of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the housing construction of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the spindle unit and dye monomer unit connections of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a dyeing monomer unit piece according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the guide passage and guide post of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the transmission of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a structural schematic of the mitotic promiscuous state of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a structural schematic representation of the metaphase state of mitosis according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a structural schematic representation of the late mitotic state of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a structural schematic representation of the end-stage mitosis state of the present invention.
Reference numerals
1-an operating device; 2-a transmission device; 21-an input shaft; 22-a first rack and pinion mechanism; 221-a first gear; 222-a first rack; 23-a second rack and pinion mechanism; 231-a second gear; 232-a second rack; 24-a belt drive; 25-a tensioning device; 251-a tension wheel; 252-eccentric wheel; 26-a pull rod; 27-a gear mechanism; 3-a cell membrane module; 31-an arc; 311-arc chute; 312-a slider; 313-a via; 314-a notch; 4-a spindle assembly; 41-a traction member; 42-connecting rod; 5-a dyed monomer component; 51-dyed monomeric unit pieces; 511-a first link; 512-a second link; 513-a connecting shaft; 5131-a sliding part; 514-an adsorption part; 5141-first adsorption part; 5142-second adsorption part; 515-a guide post; 6-a shell; 61-a mounting cavity; 62-a display cavity; 63-a separator; 64-a transparent cover plate; 65-a slideway; 66-guide channel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a dynamic simulation teaching aid for cell mitosis, as shown in the structural schematic diagram of the invention in figure 1, the dynamic simulation teaching aid for cell mitosis comprises a control device 1, a transmission device 2, a cell membrane component 3, a spindle component 4 and a dyeing monomer component 5, wherein the control device 1 is in transmission connection with the input end of the transmission device 2, the transmission device 2 comprises two output ends which are oppositely arranged and synchronously and reversely move, the number of the spindle component 4 and the dyeing monomer component 5 is two, the two dyeing monomer components 11 are in adsorption connection, and the corresponding output end, the spindle component 4 and the dyeing monomer component 5 are in transmission connection in sequence, wherein: the cell membrane assembly 3 comprises two arc-shaped pieces 31 which are oppositely arranged and are in sliding fit, the arc-shaped pieces 31 are elastic metal pieces, partial sections of the two arc-shaped pieces 31 are mutually overlapped and enclose a circular mother cell membrane assembly, at the moment, the arc-shaped pieces 31 are in a deformation state, and the arc-shaped pieces 31 in the deformation state are in a bearable deformation range; the spindle body assembly 4 and the dyeing monomer assembly 5 are both arranged inside the circular mother cell membrane assembly, the output end penetrates through the corresponding arc-shaped part 31 to be connected with the spindle body assembly 4, and the spindle body assembly 4 can abut against the corresponding arc-shaped part 31 and push the arc-shaped part 31 to slide; the two ends of the arc-shaped part 31 are respectively provided with an adsorption part, the two arc-shaped parts 31 can be separated from each other to form two independent sub-cell membrane assemblies, and the two ends of the separated arc-shaped part 31 can be adsorbed and connected under the action of the adsorption part and the elasticity of the adsorption part; two the output includes output and lower output, and two spindle subassemblies 4 include spindle subassembly and lower spindle subassembly, and two dyeing monomer subassemblies 5 include chromosome subassembly and chromosome subassembly down, and two arc 31 include arc and lower arc, go up the output and pass through go up the arc with go up the dyeing monomer subassembly links to each other, the output passes down the arc and pass through down the spindle subassembly with it links to each other to go up the dyeing monomer subassembly.
In the using process, the operating device 1 is operated to enable the upper output end and the lower output end of the transmission device 2 to move back and forth, the two spindle assemblies 4 move back and forth under the driving of the corresponding output ends, at the moment, the two dye monomer assemblies 5 which are connected in an adsorption mode are separated from each other, when the two spindle assemblies 4 are respectively abutted against the two corresponding arc-shaped members 31, the two spindle assemblies 4 and the two dye monomer assemblies 5 continue to move back and forth synchronously under the driving of the upper output end and the lower output end until the two arc-shaped members 31 are separated, and at the moment, the displaying process of cell mitosis is completed; according to the invention, through the mutual cooperation of the arc-shaped part 3, the spindle body component 4 and the dyeing monomer component 5, the dynamic change processes of the middle stage, the later stage and the final stage of the mitosis process of cells can be effectively simulated, so that the display is relatively comprehensive, the study and understanding are facilitated through intuitive dynamic change, and the teaching effect is effectively improved.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of the cell membrane module of the present invention, one end of the arc-shaped member 31 is provided with an arc-shaped chute 311 along the arc-shaped member 31, the arc-shaped chute 311 is configured as an inverted T-shaped groove, the other end of the arc-shaped member 31 is provided with a slide block 312 matched with the arc-shaped chute 311 in shape, the two arc-shaped members 31 are in sliding fit with the corresponding slide block 312 and arc-shaped chute 311, and a dynamic change process of cell membrane recess and constriction during mitosis of cells can be effectively simulated through the two arc-shaped members 31; the notch position of arc spout 311 tip is provided with the chamfer, the lateral wall that arc spout 311 is located the tip position be provided with breach 314 that the notch is linked together, after the show is accomplished, reverse operation controlling device 1 promotes arc 31 through transmission 2 and moves in opposite directions, and two arcs 31 of being convenient for combine to form circular mother's cell membrane subassembly to the show of waiting next time.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the teaching aid for dynamic simulation of cell mitosis further includes a housing 6, a partition 63 is disposed inside the housing 6, the partition 63 divides the cavity inside the housing 6 into an installation cavity 61 and a display cavity 62, a display opening communicated with the display cavity 62 is disposed on the housing 6, a transparent cover plate 64 is detachably disposed at the display opening, the transparent cover plate 64 is made of a transparent plastic glass plate, and a cavity between the transparent cover plate 64 and the partition 63 forms the display cavity 62, wherein: transmission 2 sets up in installation cavity 61, and cell membrane subassembly 3, dye monomer subassembly 5 and spindle body subassembly 4 all set up in show chamber 62, and two output of transmission 2 pass through baffle 63 and link to each other with corresponding spindle body subassembly 4 transmission respectively.
Preferably, the arc-shaped member 31 is provided with a sliding column, the height of the sliding column is matched with the thickness of the arc-shaped member 31 and the thickness of the display cavity 62, the sliding column on the arc-shaped member 31 close to one side of the partition plate 63 abuts against the glass cover plate 64, the sliding column on the arc-shaped member 31 far away from one side of the partition plate 63 abuts against the partition plate 63, and the arrangement of the sliding column enables the arc-shaped member 31 to always keep sliding in the same plane.
As an alternative embodiment, the transparent cover 64 is clamped on the display opening, or fixed on the display opening by screws, and when the two arc-shaped members 31 or the dye monomer assembly 5 are clamped in the process of returning, the transparent cover 64 is opened to facilitate the adjustment of returning.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, a connection schematic diagram of a spindle assembly and a dye monomer assembly according to the present invention, and fig. 5, a structural schematic diagram of a dye monomer unit 51 according to the present invention, the dye monomer assembly 5 includes at least one dye monomer unit 51, an adsorption part 514 is disposed on the dye monomer unit 51, corresponding dye monomer units 51 of two dye monomer assemblies 5 are adsorbed and connected by the adsorption part 514, and two dye monomer units 51 are respectively in driving connection with corresponding spindle assemblies 4; the corresponding two dye monomer units 51 are connected by the adsorption part 514 for easy separation.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in the schematic structural diagram of the guide post and the guide channel of the present invention in fig. 6, the partition plate 63 and the transparent cover plate 64 are provided with slide ways 65, the number of slide ways 65 on the partition plate 63, the number of slide ways 65 on the transparent cover plate 64 and the number of dye unit pieces 51 contained in a single dye unit assembly 5 are all the same, and are four, wherein: the sliding part 5131 of the dyeing monomer unit piece 51 close to one side of the clapboard 63 is arranged in the corresponding slide way 65 on the clapboard 63 and can slide along the slide way 65; the sliding part 5131 of the dyeing monomer unit piece 51 at the side far away from the clapboard 63 is arranged in the corresponding slide way 65 on the transparent cover plate 64 and can slide along the slide way 65.
As shown in fig. 5, the adsorption part 514 includes a first adsorption part 5141 and a second adsorption part 5142, the first link 511 and the second link 514 are both provided with the second adsorption part 5141, alternatively, two second adsorption parts 5141 are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the first link 511 and the second link 514, and the bottom surfaces thereof are flush, and the bottom surface edges of the first link 511 and the second link 514 are both provided with chamfers;
one end of the connecting shaft 513 is provided as a sliding portion 5131, and the other end of the connecting shaft 513 is provided with a first adsorption portion 5141, optionally, the first adsorption portion 5141 is flush with the bottom surface of the first link 511.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the dye monomer unit piece 51 includes a first link 511, a second link 512, and a connecting shaft 513, the first link 511 and the second link 512 are both connectively disposed on a middle section of the connecting shaft 513, a sliding portion 5131 is disposed on an end of the connecting shaft 513, and the connecting shaft 513 is connected with the corresponding spindle assembly 4; alternatively, the first link 511 and the second link 512 are fixedly disposed on the connecting shaft 513, and at an initial position, the corresponding two chromatid unit pieces 51 are connected in an adsorption manner to form an X-shape for simulating chromosomes.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the first link 511 and the second link 512 are rotatably connected to a middle section of the connecting shaft 513, each of the first link 511 and the second link 512 is provided with a guide post 515, and the two guide posts 515 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the connecting shaft 513; guide channels 66 are arranged on two sides of the slide ways 65 on the partition plate 63 and the transparent cover plate 64, each guide channel 66 comprises a first section channel and a second section channel which are communicated, the starting end of each first section channel is obliquely arranged along the direction far away from the slide way 65, the second section channels are arranged in parallel relative to the slide ways 65, and the starting ends of the guide channels 66 and the starting ends of the slide ways 65 are arranged on the same horizontal straight line; when the two corresponding dye monomer unit pieces 51 are respectively located at the position corresponding to the starting end of the slide way 65, the guide column 515 on the two dye monomer unit pieces 51 is located at the starting end of the guide channel 66, and at this time, the two dye monomer unit pieces 51 are in a straight line shape and are overlapped with each other.
When the two corresponding dye monomer units 51 move oppositely, the guide column 515 is pressed against the side wall of the guide channel 66, so that the first connecting rod 511 and the second connecting rod 512 are folded reversely, the two dye monomer units 51 form an X shape for simulating the replication process of chromosomes in the early stage of mitosis, and then the two dye monomer units 51 continue to slide under the traction of the spindle assembly 4 and are gradually separated.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the spindle unit 4 includes a pulling member 41 and a connecting rod 42, wherein: one end of the connecting rod 42 is connected with the corresponding dye monomer component 5; the other end of the connecting rod 42 is rotatably connected with the traction piece 41; the pulling element 41 is connected to the output of the gear mechanism 2.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the transmission 2 of the present invention includes an input device, a synchronization device and an output device, wherein: the input device comprises an input shaft 21, the control device 1 is connected with the input shaft 21 and can drive the input shaft 21 to rotate, the control device 1 is set to be a knob, and one end of the input shaft 21 penetrates through the shell 6 to be connected with the knob; the output device comprises a first gear rack mechanism 22 and a second gear rack mechanism 23 which are oppositely arranged, the first gear rack mechanism 22 and the second gear rack mechanism 23 are respectively connected with the corresponding spindle body component 4 through pull rods 26, the traction piece 41 is set to be a cylinder, a through hole 313 is arranged on the inner wall of the arc-shaped piece 31, the pull rods 26 penetrate through the through holes 313 to be fixedly connected to the middle position of the cylinder, and four connecting rods 42 are divided into two groups and respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the cylinder in sequence; the first rack and pinion mechanism 22 is in transmission connection with the input shaft 21, the first rack and pinion mechanism 22 comprises a first gear 221 and a first rack 222, the first gear 221 is sleeved on the input shaft 21 and rotates synchronously with the input shaft 21, the first rack 222 is fixedly connected with the corresponding traction part 41 through a pull rod 26, and the first rack and pinion 222 is meshed with the first gear 221; the synchronizer comprises a belt transmission mechanism 24, one end of the belt transmission mechanism 24 is in transmission connection with the input shaft 21, the other end of the belt transmission mechanism 24 is provided with a gear mechanism 27, the gear mechanism 27 is in transmission connection with a second gear rack mechanism 23, the gear mechanism 27 comprises a third gear, the second gear rack mechanism 23 comprises a second gear 231 and a second gear rack 232, the second gear 231 is sleeved on the output shaft, two ends of the output shaft are arranged on the inner wall of the shell 6 through bearings, the second gear rack 232 is fixedly connected with the corresponding traction part 41 through a pull rod 26, the second gear 231 is respectively meshed with the third gear and the second gear rack 232, and the first gear 221, the second gear 231 and the third gear are all gears of the same specification.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the belt transmission mechanism 24 includes a transmission belt, a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are of the same specification, the transmission device 2 further includes a tension device 25, the tension device 25 includes a tension wheel 251 and an eccentric wheel 252, wherein: the eccentric wheel 252 is eccentrically arranged on the tension wheel 251, the driving wheel and the eccentric wheel 252 are in transmission connection with the driven wheel through the transmission belt, the driving wheel is fixedly sleeved on the input shaft 21 and rotates synchronously with the input shaft 21, the driven wheel is sleeved on the output shaft, the driven wheel is in transmission connection with the second rack-and-pinion mechanism 23 through the third gear, and the tension wheel 251 is rotated to drive the eccentric wheel 252 to eccentrically rotate so as to tension the transmission belt; the tensioning wheel 251 is sleeved on the tensioning shaft and synchronously rotates with the tensioning shaft, the tensioning shaft penetrates through the shell 6 to be connected with the tensioning knob, the tensioning shaft is rotatably arranged on the shell 6 through a one-way bearing, and the tensioning knob is rotated according to actual needs to tension the transmission belt, so that the transmission efficiency of the transmission device 2 is ensured.
As an alternative embodiment, a containing groove is provided on the inner wall of the arc-shaped member 31 at the position of the through hole 313, and the containing groove is matched with the shape of the pulling member 41, and the pulling member 41 can be contained in the containing groove.
The conditions at each stage in the process of mitosis are simulated as follows:
mitotic prophase: as shown in fig. 8, which is a schematic structural diagram of the mitotic prophase state of the present invention, partial sections of two arc-shaped members 31 are overlapped with each other and enclose the circular mother cell membrane module, two spindle assemblies 4 are disposed in the circular mother cell membrane module, and corresponding dye monomer unit pieces 51 are adsorbed and connected and overlapped with each other;
and (3) mitotic metaphase: as shown in fig. 9, which is a schematic structural diagram of the metaphase state of mitosis, two spindle assemblies 4 respectively pull corresponding dyed monomer units 51 to a certain distance through connecting rods 42, and guide columns 515 are reversely folded at a certain angle under the action of guide channels 66, so that the corresponding two dyed monomer units 51 form an X shape;
late mitosis: as shown in fig. 10, the structural diagram of the postmitotic state of the invention shows, the two arc-shaped members 31 slide with each other under the pulling of the corresponding spindle assembly 4, the middle of the circular membrane assembly of the mother cell is sunken, and the corresponding single dye units 51 are completely separated;
in the end stage of mitosis, as shown in fig. 11, the structural diagram of the end stage state of mitosis of the present invention shows, the two arc-shaped members 31 are completely separated and form two sub-cell membrane modules, the dyed monomer unit pieces 51 are respectively disposed in the corresponding sub-cell membrane modules, and the two pulling members 41 are respectively disposed in the corresponding accommodating grooves.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a cell has mitosis dynamic simulation teaching aid, its characterized in that, includes controlling device (1), transmission (2), cell membrane subassembly (3), spindle subassembly (4) and dyeing monomer subassembly (5), controlling device (1) with the input transmission of transmission (2) links to each other, transmission (2) include two relative settings and synchronous reverse motion's output, spindle subassembly (4) with the quantity of dyeing monomer subassembly (5) all sets up to two, two dyeing monomer subassembly (5) adsorbs continuously, corresponds the output spindle subassembly (4) with dyeing monomer subassembly (5) are the transmission in proper order and link to each other, wherein:
the cell membrane assembly (3) comprises two arc-shaped parts (31) which are oppositely arranged and are in sliding fit, and partial sections of the two arc-shaped parts (31) are mutually overlapped and enclose a circular mother cell membrane assembly;
the spindle assembly (4) and the single dyeing body assembly (5) are arranged inside the circular mother cell membrane assembly, the output end of the spindle assembly penetrates through the corresponding arc-shaped part (31) to be connected with the spindle assembly (4), and the spindle assembly (4) can abut against the corresponding arc-shaped part (31) and push the arc-shaped part (31) to slide;
the two arc-shaped parts (31) can be separated from each other and form two independent sub-cell membrane assemblies;
cell mitosis dynamic simulation teaching aid still includes casing (6), inside baffle (63) that is provided with of casing (6), baffle (63) will the inside cavity of casing (6) is separated for installation cavity (61) and show chamber (62), be provided with on casing (6) with the show mouth that show chamber (62) are linked together, the position of show mouth can be dismantled and be provided with transparent cover (64), wherein: the transmission device (2) is arranged in the installation cavity (61), the cell membrane assembly (3), the dyeing monomer assembly (5) and the spindle assembly (4) are all arranged in the display cavity (62), and two output ends of the transmission device (2) penetrate through the partition plate (63) and are respectively in transmission connection with the corresponding spindle assembly (4);
the dyeing monomer component (5) comprises at least one dyeing monomer unit piece (51), an adsorption part (514) is arranged on each dyeing monomer unit piece (51), the dyeing monomer unit pieces (51) corresponding to the two dyeing monomer components (5) are in adsorption connection through the adsorption parts (514), and the two dyeing monomer unit pieces (51) are in transmission connection with the corresponding spindle components (4) respectively;
the partition plate (63) and the transparent cover plate (64) are provided with slideways (65), the number of the slideways (65) on the partition plate (63), the number of the slideways (65) on the transparent cover plate (64) and the number of the single dyeing monomer unit pieces (51) contained in the single dyeing monomer assembly (5) are the same, wherein: the sliding part (5131) of the dyeing monomer unit piece (51) close to one side of the clapboard (63) is arranged in the corresponding slide way (65) on the clapboard (63) and can slide along the slide way (65); the sliding part (5131) of the dyeing monomer unit piece (51) far away from one side of the clapboard (63) is arranged in the corresponding slide way (65) on the transparent cover plate (64) and can slide along the slide way (65);
the dyeing monomer unit piece (51) comprises a first connecting rod (511), a second connecting rod (512) and a connecting shaft (513), wherein the first connecting rod (511) and the second connecting rod (512) are connected and arranged on the middle section of the connecting shaft (513), the sliding part (5131) is arranged on the end part of the connecting shaft (513), and the connecting shaft (513) is connected with the corresponding spindle body assembly (4);
the first connecting rod (511) and the second connecting rod (512) are rotatably connected to the middle section of the connecting shaft (513), guide columns (515) are arranged on the first connecting rod (511) and the second connecting rod (512), and the two guide columns (515) are symmetrically arranged relative to the connecting shaft (513); guide channels (66) are arranged on two sides of the slide ways (65) on the partition plate (63) and the transparent cover plate (64), each guide channel (66) comprises a first section channel and a second section channel which are communicated, the starting end of each first section channel is obliquely arranged along the direction far away from the slide way (65), each second section channel is arranged in parallel relative to the slide way (65), and the starting end of each guide channel (66) and the starting end of each slide way (65) are arranged on the same straight line; when the two corresponding single dyeing unit pieces (51) are respectively positioned at the positions corresponding to the starting ends of the slideways (65), the guide columns (515) on the two single dyeing unit pieces (51) are positioned at the starting ends of the guide channels (66), and the two single dyeing unit pieces (51) are mutually overlapped.
2. A dynamic simulation teaching aid of cell mitosis according to claim 1, wherein one end of the arc-shaped member (31) is provided with an arc-shaped sliding groove (311) along the arc-shaped member (31), the other end of the arc-shaped member (31) is provided with a sliding block (312) matched with the arc-shaped sliding groove (311) in shape, and the two arc-shaped members (31) are matched with the corresponding sliding block (312) and the arc-shaped sliding groove (311) in a sliding manner.
3. A teaching aid for the dynamic simulation of cell mitosis according to claim 1, wherein the spindle unit (4) comprises a pulling element (41) and a connecting rod (42), wherein:
one end of the connecting rod (42) is connected with the corresponding dyeing monomer component (5);
the other end of the connecting rod (42) is rotatably connected with the traction piece (41);
the traction piece (41) is connected and arranged on the output end of the transmission device (2).
4. A teaching aid for dynamic simulation of cell mitosis according to claim 1, wherein the transmission means (2) comprises an input means, a synchronization means and an output means, wherein:
the input device comprises an input shaft (21), and the operating device (1) is connected with the input shaft (21) and can drive the input shaft (21) to rotate;
the output device comprises a first gear rack mechanism (22) and a second gear rack mechanism (23) which are oppositely arranged, the first gear rack mechanism (22) and the second gear rack mechanism (23) are respectively connected with the corresponding spindle body assembly (4) through pull rods (26), and the first gear rack mechanism (22) is in transmission connection with the input shaft (21);
the synchronizing device comprises a belt transmission mechanism (24), one end of the belt transmission mechanism (24) is in transmission connection with the input shaft (21), a gear mechanism (27) is arranged at the other end of the belt transmission mechanism (24), and the gear mechanism (27) is in transmission connection with the second gear rack mechanism (23).
5. A dynamic simulation teaching aid of cell mitosis as claimed in claim 4, wherein the belt drive (24) comprises a drive belt, a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the drive (2) further comprises a tension device (25), the tension device (25) comprises a tension wheel (251) and an eccentric wheel (252), wherein:
the eccentric wheel (252) is eccentrically arranged on the tension wheel (251), the driving wheel, the eccentric wheel (252) and the driven wheel are in transmission connection through the transmission belt, the driving wheel is sleeved on the input shaft (21) and synchronously rotates with the input shaft (21), the driven wheel is in transmission connection with the second rack-and-pinion mechanism (23), and the tension wheel (251) is rotated to drive the eccentric wheel (252) to eccentrically rotate so as to tension the transmission belt.
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| CN201910991971.XA CN112652213B (en) | 2019-10-12 | 2019-10-12 | Dynamic simulation teaching aid for mitosis of cells |
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