CN112650050B - Chemical ammonia addition automatic control method based on data modeling and multi-feedforward PID - Google Patents
Chemical ammonia addition automatic control method based on data modeling and multi-feedforward PID Download PDFInfo
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- CN112650050B CN112650050B CN202011321299.2A CN202011321299A CN112650050B CN 112650050 B CN112650050 B CN 112650050B CN 202011321299 A CN202011321299 A CN 202011321299A CN 112650050 B CN112650050 B CN 112650050B
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- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B11/00—Automatic controllers
- G05B11/01—Automatic controllers electric
- G05B11/36—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential
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Abstract
The invention discloses a chemical ammonia adding automatic control method based on data modeling and multi-feedforward PID, which solves the problem that conventional condensed water and water supply ammonia adding are automatically delayed and cannot be put into operation by adopting a mathematical modeling and multi-feedforward PID algorithm, realizes the automatic control of condensed water and water supply ammonia adding of a thermal power generating unit, realizes unmanned duty of chemical fine treatment, improves the automatic control degree and ensures the stability of the quality of chemical steam water. Meanwhile, the invention solves the typical thermal control problem of non-linearity and large time lag, develops a set of method and experience which are suitable for the main boiler and have the same control problem of denitration and the like, improves the skill level of thermal engineering personnel and improves the automation degree of the whole unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electromechanical technology, and relates to a chemical ammonia addition automatic control method based on data modeling and multi-feedforward PID.
Background
At present, the ammonia adding control of water supply and condensed water of a plurality of domestic units is basically manually controlled, on one hand, online real-time monitoring instruments are lacked or the instruments cannot correctly monitor the real-time pH value due to improper maintenance, and the instruments are simply adjusted after manual sampling and testing, so that the ammonia adding is excessive, untimely and uneven, and the manual workload is very large, time-consuming and labor-consuming. Through investigation, the ammonia adding pumps of a plurality of power plants at the periphery have no variable frequency control, the ammonia adding means is single, and closed-loop control and automatic control regulation measures are not provided, so that the safe operation of a water vapor system is not ensured, the delay is large by manual sampling, the ammonia adding amount is not uniform, and for the current operation mode, a worker must be arranged to be on duty for 24 hours on site, and manpower and material resources are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a chemical ammonia adding automatic control method based on data modeling and multi-feedforward PID, which solves the problem that conventional condensed water and water supply ammonia adding are automatically delayed and cannot be put into operation by adopting a mathematical modeling and multi-feedforward PID algorithm, realizes the automatic control of condensed water and water supply ammonia adding of a thermal power unit, realizes the unattended chemical fine treatment, improves the automatic control degree and ensures the stability of the quality of chemical steam water.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the chemical ammonia adding automatic control method based on data modeling and multi-feedforward PID comprises the following steps:
1) the given value and the control value are roughly adjusted by a proportional controller and an integral controller in a PID regulator;
2) performing big data modeling on feed water flow, pH value and frequency data of an ammonia adding pump to serve as a first feed forward f (X1);
3) performing a function correction on the frequency of the ammoniated pump by measuring the conductivity of the ammonia water solution tank, wherein a correction function f (X2) is used as a second feed-forward correction of the automatic adjustment;
4) adding a PID regulation loop for correcting the deviation of the automatic regulation set value and the process value as a third feedforward f (X3) correction of automatic regulation;
5) the three feedforward outputs the frequency of the ammonia adding pump at the same time, adds or subtracts the frequency of the ammonia adding pump calculated by the PID regulator, calculates the final frequency of the ammonia adding pump finally, and changes the output of the ammonia adding pump by controlling the frequency of the ammonia adding pump, thereby controlling the ammonia adding amount and realizing the automatic control of chemical condensation water and ammonia adding to water.
Preferably, in step 2), a preliminary frequency setpoint is obtained as a main adjustment correction value based on the feed water flow rate variation and the corresponding data model.
Preferably, the method further comprises a fast feedback correction loop for correcting the feedback amount in step 5).
More preferably, the fast feedback correction loop comprises a fast feedback loop (value a) from the reactor outlet and a delayed feedback loop (value B) from the economizer inlet.
More preferably, the fast feedback correction loop final feedback signal is calculated by:
C＝A*0.7+B*0.3
wherein, A: fast feedback loop, B: delay feedback loop, C: and finally feeding back the signal. A. The coefficient value of B can be properly adjusted according to the field control condition, when the A value coefficient is increased, the adjustment is faster, but the accuracy is slightly worse, and when the B value coefficient is increased, the adjustment is slower, but the adjustment is more accurate.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts a mode of mathematical modeling and a multi-feedforward PID algorithm to solve the problem that the conventional condensed water and the water supply ammonia adding can not be put into operation with automatic large delay, realizes the automatic control of the condensed water and the water supply ammonia adding of two units, realizes the unattended chemical fine treatment at night, improves the automatic control degree, ensures the stability of the quality of the chemical steam water, and can save the labor cost by 25 ten thousand per year. Meanwhile, the invention solves the typical thermal control problem of non-linearity and large time lag, develops a set of method and experience which are suitable for the main boiler and have the same control problem of denitration and the like, improves the skill level of thermal engineering personnel and improves the automation degree of the whole unit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the automatic control of the ammonia addition to the feed water and the condensed water according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a normal distribution diagram of the frequency of the A-pump at a feedwater pH of 9.4 and a feedwater flow of 1300t/h in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a normal distribution diagram of the frequency of the A-pump at a feedwater pH of 9.4 and a feedwater flow of 1400t/h according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the water feed flow versus the ammonia pump frequency plotted as a function of the broken line in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph of ammonia conductivity versus frequency for the A plus pump in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph of the correction function of the A ammonia pump in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating linear control and variable structure control according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a two-way in-situ test loop in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a final control flow diagram of the polishing ammoniation auto-optimization scheme in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a pH change interface during a unit load-up process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Because the manual adjustment of the ammonia adding pump is complicated, the automatic control of the frequency of the ammonia adding pump is considered at present, the research starts from the control of a single water quality parameter, the control of a pH value parameter is the research object, and because the neutralization reaction process of adding ammonia into water and condensed water presents serious nonlinearity, and the water supply and condensed water ammonia adding pipelines and the online instrument measuring pipelines are too long, the time lag is serious, and the automatic control is almost one of the most difficult single-dimensional control problems. Through the intensive research on the problem, the applicant considers the collection of a large amount of data and carries out mathematical statistic analysis modeling to obtain a corresponding rule, and the effective control on the pH value is realized, so that a certain thought is provided for the control of a nonlinear, pure hysteresis and time-varying system.
Furthermore, in order to realize accurate and automatic control of the condensation water and the ammonia adding to the water supply of the two units, the invention adopts a mode of mathematical modeling and multi-feedforward PID, and solves the problems of large automatic delay and incapability of operation of conventional condensation water and ammonia adding to the water supply. The automatic regulation firstly carries out rough regulation through proportion and integral in a PID regulator, then utilizes big data collection to carry out mathematical statistic analysis modeling, obtains three feedforward functions for correction and compensation, wherein the three feedforward functions are respectively f (X1), f (X2) and f (X3), the three function relational expressions simultaneously output the frequency of the ammonia adding pump, and are added and subtracted with the frequency of the ammonia adding pump calculated by PID regulation, finally, the final frequency of the ammonia adding pump is calculated, and the output of the ammonia adding pump is changed by controlling the frequency of the ammonia adding pump, so that the ammonia adding amount is controlled, and the effect of automatically controlling the pH of feed water and condensed water is achieved. The control principle is shown in fig. 1.
Examples
1. Load-condensate flow-ammoniation data model
Taking the feed water and ammonia addition of the No. 1 unit as an example, the feed forward f (X1) carries out big data modeling on the feed water flow, the pH value and the frequency data of an ammonia addition pump, and the big data modeling is added into the PID automatic regulation as multi-feed forward. Aiming at the control characteristics of a nonlinear, pure hysteresis and time-varying system, the water supply flow under different unit loads is different, and the water supply flow and the frequency of an ammonia adding pump have positive correlation, so that a certain rule exists, the corresponding ammonia adding pump output under different working conditions is subjected to big data modeling, mathematical statistical analysis is carried out, the automatic control point of the most suitable pH value under different water supply flows is obtained, and a functional relation is established.
The most suitable pH value of the water supply flow of the unit No. 1 in the operation of the unit is 9.2-9.6, the most suitable 9.4 is selected, the most suitable ammonia pump frequency is obtained when the water supply flow is between 900 plus 2000t/h through data collection and arrangement in the last 1 year, and for convenient statistics, data statistics is carried out by taking every 100t/h as a statistic point. In the embodiment, the statistical data of the water supply flow 1300t/h and 1400t/h are taken as an example, and the following table shows that:
TABLE 1 PH 9.4, feed water flow 1300t/h, corresponding ammonia pump frequency
From the data in the table, a normal distribution of the A plus ammonia pump frequency was plotted using mathematical statistics, as shown in FIG. 2.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, when the feed water pH is 9.4 and the feed water flow rate is 1300t/h, the frequency of the ammonia pump is at most around 15.95Hz, so that when the feed water flow rate is 1300t/h, the frequency of the ammonia pump is approximately 16 Hz.
Similarly, when the pH value of the feed water is 9.4 and the flow rate of the feed water is 1400t/h, the statistical data are as follows:
TABLE 2 PH 9.4, feed water flow 1400t/h, corresponding ammonia pump frequency
From the data in the table, a normal distribution graph is plotted, as shown in FIG. 3.
As can be seen from FIG. 3, when the feed water pH was 9.4 and the feed water flow rate was 1400t/h, the frequency of the ammonia pump appeared at the maximum in the vicinity of 16.8Hz, and therefore when the feed water flow rate was 1400t/h, the frequency of the ammonia pump was 16.8 Hz.
Similarly, the method is used for counting the frequency of the ammonia adding pump between the water supply flow rate of 800-:
table 3 shows that the PH is 9.4, the water supply flow is 800-
From the graph, a plot of feedwater flow versus ammonia pump frequency is plotted as a function of the broken line, as shown in FIG. 4.
f (X1) is the corresponding ammonia pump frequency correction function of the feed water flow:
f(X1)
＝{(800,10.2),(900,11.4),(1000,12.4),(1100,13.0),(1200,14.5),(1300,16.0),(1400,16.8),(1500,18.2),(1600,20.8),(1700,22.6),(1800,23.4),(1900,25.4),(2000,27.1)}；
the polyline function f (X1) is used as the most important feed-forward in the automatic adjustment to play a role in quick and accurate adjustment. When the water supply flow changes, the ammonia adding pump can timely adjust the output according to the frequency of the corresponding ammonia adding pump in the broken line function, the adjustment is performed in advance in the pH value adjustment, the adjustment is started without waiting for the change of the pH value, and the feedforward plays a key role in solving the large lag and nonlinear automatic adjustment.
2. Ammonia liquid preparation concentration and ammonia adding amount data model
Considering that the ammonia water concentration in the ammonia water solution tank is different every day and has a certain deviation, different ammonia water concentrations have certain influence on the pH adjustment of the feed water and the condensed water, and the ammonia water concentration is related to the conductivity, a conductivity probe is additionally arranged at the bottom of the A, B ammonia water solution tank to measure the conductivity of the ammonia water solution tank. And (3) performing function correction on the frequency of the ammonia adding pump according to the conductivity of the newly added ammonia water solution tank, wherein f (X2) is a correction function of the ammonia water conductivity corresponding to the frequency of the ammonia adding pump:
f(X2)＝{(80,3),(85,2),(90,1),(95,0),(100,-0.5),(105,-1.5),(110,-2)}；
the correction function f (X2) is used as a second feed forward for this automatic adjustment, and the frequency of the ammonia pump is correspondingly decreased when the conductivity of the aqueous ammonia solution tank is higher, and increased when the conductivity of the aqueous ammonia solution tank is lower. Big data collection is carried out through the influence of ammonia water conductivity on the frequency of an ammonia adding pump, and the following chart is established:
TABLE 4 Ammonia conductivity versus A plus Pump frequency correction
From the graph, a polyline function graph is drawn, as shown in FIG. 5.
The function f (X2) is used as a second feedforward of the automatic ammonia adding adjustment, and the feedforward is used as different ammonia liquid concentrations to correct the frequency of the ammonia adding pump in real time, so that the function of accurate adjustment can be achieved.
3. Deviation correction loop for model and actual deviation
And finally, adding a regulating loop for automatically regulating the deviation of the set value and the process value as a feed-forward f (X3) of the PID automatic regulation of the feed water, wherein the feed-forward is fine regulation and aims to enable the pH value of the feed water to be closer to the set pH value. The feedforward f (X3) provides a larger frequency adjustment to the ammonia pump as the actual feed water pH is farther from the set point, and the feedforward f (X3) provides a smaller frequency adjustment to the ammonia pump as the actual pH is closer to the set point, and a graph of a polygonal function as shown in fig. 6 can be obtained by data modeling. The deviation between the actual value and the set value can be guaranteed to be "0" by the correction, as shown in fig. 7.
f (X3) is the difference between the set value and the feedback value and is added with an ammonia pump frequency correction function:
f(X3)＝{(-0.2,-3),(-0.1,-1.8),(0,0),(0.1,1.4),(0.2,4)}；
and taking the feedforward function f (X3) as a third feedforward of the automatic water feeding and ammonia adding, adding the first two feedforward functions f (X1) and f (X2) to obtain the output frequency of the A ammonia adding pump, and adding the PID (proportion integration differentiation) automatic adjustment output frequency of the water feeding and ammonia adding to obtain the final output frequency of the A ammonia adding pump.
4. Fast feedback correction loop
The invention also comprises two on-site detection loops, as shown in fig. 8, one loop is a fast feedback loop (a) from the outlet of the reactor and reacting fast to the ammonia addition amount, the other loop is a delay feedback loop (B) from the inlet of the economizer and reacting slow to the ammonia addition amount, and then the final feedback signal (C) corrects the feedback amount according to C ═ a 0.7+ B0.3, so that the final regulation deviation is ensured to be small, and the delay link of feedback is reduced. The resulting overall control loop is shown in fig. 9.
According to the control method, the pH value of the feed water actually fluctuates between 9.3 and 9.4 in the load-increasing process of the unit, so that the unit requirement is met, as shown in figure 10.
Claims (2)
1. The chemical ammonia adding automatic control method based on data modeling and multi-feedforward PID comprises the following steps:
1) the given value and the control value are roughly adjusted by a proportional controller and an integral controller in a PID regulator;
2) performing big data modeling on feed water flow, pH value and frequency data of an ammonia adding pump to serve as a first feed forward f (X1);
3) performing a function correction on the frequency of the ammoniated pump by measuring the conductivity of the ammonia water solution tank, wherein a correction function f (X2) is used as a second feed-forward correction of the automatic adjustment;
4) adding a PID regulation loop for correcting the deviation of the automatic regulation set value and the process value as a third feedforward f (X3) correction of automatic regulation;
5) the three feedforward simultaneously outputs the frequency of the ammonia adding pump, adds or subtracts the frequency of the ammonia adding pump calculated by the PID regulator, finally calculates the final frequency of the ammonia adding pump, and changes the output of the ammonia adding pump by controlling the frequency of the ammonia adding pump, thereby controlling the ammonia adding amount and realizing the automatic control of chemical condensation water and ammonia adding to water;
a fast feedback correction loop is further included for correcting the feedback amount in step 5), the fast feedback correction loop comprises a fast feedback loop from the outlet of the reactor and a delay feedback loop from the inlet of the economizer, and the final feedback signal of the fast feedback correction loop is calculated by the following formula:
C＝A*0.7+B*0.3
wherein, A: fast feedback loop, B: delay feedback loop, C: and finally feeding back the signal.
2. The method for chemical ammonia addition automatic control based on data modeling and multi-feedforward PID as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 2), a preliminary frequency set value is obtained according to the change of the feedwater flow and the corresponding data model, and the frequency set value is used as the main regulation correction value.
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