CN112648136B - Lightning protection type aerogenerator blade - Google Patents
Lightning protection type aerogenerator blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN112648136B CN112648136B CN202011550129.1A CN202011550129A CN112648136B CN 112648136 B CN112648136 B CN 112648136B CN 202011550129 A CN202011550129 A CN 202011550129A CN 112648136 B CN112648136 B CN 112648136B
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 221
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 210000000683 abdominal cavity Anatomy 0.000 claims description 32
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical group C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005288 electromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- APTZNLHMIGJTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyraflufen-ethyl Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OCC(=O)OCC)=CC(C=2C(=C(OC(F)F)N(C)N=2)Cl)=C1F APTZNLHMIGJTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010112 shell-mould casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
- F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/30—Lightning protection
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a lightning protection type wind driven generator blade which comprises a blade shell, wherein at least one group of conduction assemblies is embedded in the outer surface of the blade shell; the conducting assembly is provided with at least one longitudinal conductor which is arranged along the direction from the blade tip to the blade root of the blade shell, the longitudinal conductor is of a single-core conductor structure, and the outer surface of the longitudinal conductor of the conducting assembly is not coated by the forming structure of the blade shell. The invention has simple structure, convenient manufacture and molding and later maintenance, good lightning conduction effect and is beneficial to long-acting, stable and reliable service on the wind driven generator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wind driven generator, in particular to a lightning protection type wind driven generator blade.
Background
Wind turbines are used as wind farms in relatively open areas, and they are built hundreds of meters high and subject to lightning strikes, such as offshore wind turbines. Due to the structural characteristics of the wind driven generator, the blades form lightning ascending leaders especially when the wind driven generator is struck by lightning, and the lightning ascending leaders are particularly prominent when the wind driven generator is struck by the carbon fiber blades with large wind sweeping area, light weight and certain conductivity.
In order to solve the technical problem that the wind driven generator is easy to be struck by lightning, the blades of the wind driven generator are generally designed into a lightning conduction structure in the industry, namely, the blades have the wind energy conversion function and simultaneously form the lightning conduction function.
At present, a lightning protection type blade mainly comprises a blade shell and a copper net (or an aluminum net) which is arranged in the blade shell and can coat a conductor, such as a carbon fiber structure, in the blade shell, so that for a blade with a carbon fiber structure beam cap, the corresponding beam cap is coated by the lightning conductive copper net in the blade shell and in the abdominal cavity. The copper mesh needs to penetrate the blade shell in the thickness direction to form a grounding structure in the abdominal cavity. The lightning protection blade with the structure has the advantages of complex manufacturing and forming process and high technical difficulty, and once the copper mesh is damaged in service, the lightning protection blade cannot be maintained and replaced; in addition, in the lightning test identification, lightning is conducted in the abdominal cavity of the blade, so that a flash arc and a lightning initiation effect can be caused in the abdominal cavity, and serious interference can be caused to electronic equipment in the abdominal cavity, for example, a grounding structure in the abdominal cavity can be failed, and the structure of the blade can be damaged; in addition, the copper mesh is arranged in the blade shell and is covered by the formed structure of the blade shell, such as a coating, and the formed structure of the blade shell is broken down and damaged during lightning conduction. These factors directly affect the longevity and reliability of service of the blade.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical purpose of the invention is as follows: the lightning protection type wind driven generator blade is simple in structure, convenient to manufacture, mold and maintain in a later period, and capable of conducting lightning without passing through a blade abdominal cavity and damaging a blade shell molding structure.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a lightning protection type wind driven generator blade comprises a blade shell, wherein at least one group of conduction assemblies is embedded in the outer surface of the blade shell; the conducting assembly is provided with at least one longitudinal conductor which is arranged along the direction from the blade tip to the blade root of the blade shell, the longitudinal conductor is of a single-core conductor structure, and the outer surface of the longitudinal conductor of the conducting assembly is not coated by the forming structure of the blade shell. According to the technical measure, the single-core electric conductor extending from the blade tip to the blade root is embedded on the outer surface of the blade shell, and the outer surface of the electric conductor is exposed on the outer surface of the blade shell, so that the following main beneficial technical effects are brought:
1. the structure is simple, the manufacturing and the molding are convenient, and the damaged conducting components on the blades can be maintained and replaced conveniently;
2. when in service thunderbolt, the technical effects of surface lightning receiving and surface conduction can be reliably formed, and the thunder can be stably conducted to the blade root, so that a grounding structure can be formed at the blade root, therefore, the conducted thunder does not pass through the abdominal cavity of the blade, the flash arc and thunder initiation effect cannot be caused in the abdominal cavity of the blade, the interference on electronic equipment in the abdominal cavity is small, the structure of the blade is not damaged, and the thunder conduction effect is good;
3. when in service, the outer surface of the conductor is not covered by the forming structure of the blade in the lightning conduction process, so that the forming structure of the blade shell is not damaged;
in conclusion, the blade of the invention is beneficial to long-acting, stable and reliable service on the wind driven generator.
As one of the preferable schemes, at least one group of spar caps with carbon fiber structures are arranged in the abdominal cavity of the blade shell, the number and the positions of the conduction assemblies on the blade shell are arranged corresponding to the spar caps in the abdominal cavity of the blade shell, the conduction assemblies on the blade shell and the spar caps in the abdominal cavity form a one-to-one corresponding matching relationship, and the conduction assemblies and the spar caps which are matched in one-to-one correspondence form equipotential connection by connecting a plurality of spar caps with a conductor; this technical measure is directed against carbon fiber structure blade, arranges the highest regional department of electric field intensity with the longitudinal conductor of conduction subassembly on the blade, forms thunder and lightning conduction effect reliably when simplifying the shaping structure of conduction subassembly, forms reliable equipotential through the longitudinal conductor that will set up in blade shell surface and the carbon fiber structure beam cap in the blade abdominal cavity and is connected to can eliminate the static accumulation that produces effectively at blade abdominal cavity beam cap place when conducting the thunder and lightning, strengthened thunder and lightning conduction technical effect. Furthermore, the number of the longitudinal electric conductors of the conduction assembly is two, and the two longitudinal electric conductors are arranged along the outer edges of the two sides of the corresponding beam cap; the technical measure forms the technical effect of double-path lightning conduction aiming at the particularity of the carbon fiber structure blade, so that the effects of surface lightning receiving and surface conduction are stable and reliable when lightning strikes are met, and the technical effect of lightning conduction is enhanced. Furthermore, two corresponding longitudinal conductors at the outer edges of the two sides of the beam cap are connected with the conductors through a plurality of longitudinal conductors to form equipotential connection; the technical measure forms reliable equipotential connection of the two longitudinal conductors while forming double-path conduction lightning, so that the stability and reliability of surface lightning receiving and surface conduction can be further reliably guaranteed when the lightning strikes, and the technical effect of lightning conduction is greatly enhanced.
Preferably, at least two groups of conducting assemblies are arranged on the blade shell, and equipotential connections are respectively formed between the conducting assemblies at the blade tip and the blade root of the blade shell. When the technical measure is struck by lightning, the stability and reliability of the surface lightning receiving and the surface conduction of the lightning conduction device can be further reliably ensured, and the technical effect of the lightning conduction is greatly enhanced.
Preferably, each of the longitudinal conductors of the conductive assembly is of a unitary or segmented construction. Further, adjacent sections of the longitudinal electric conductors of the longitudinal segmented structure form butt joint combination in an overlapping mode or a hot melting mode, and overlapping butt joint areas not smaller than 15mm are formed between the adjacent sections. The width of the longitudinal electric conductor is 60-100 mm, and the thickness of the longitudinal electric conductor is 0.3-0.5 mm; this technical measure reliably increases the resistance of the conducting assembly to lightning (e.g. 200kA lightning current) strikes. Still further, the cross-sectional area of the longitudinal conductor satisfies the following relation:
wherein, Delta T is the variation of the temperature of the conductor, K;
a is the temperature coefficient of resistance, 1/K;
W/R is lightning current energy ratio, J/omega;
ρ0is the resistance of the conductor at room temperature, omega m;
q is the sectional area of the conductor, m2；
Gamma is the material density of the electrical conductor, kg/m3；
cwThe heat capacity is J/(kg. K).
Preferably, the outer surface of the longitudinal electric conductor of the conducting assembly is flush with the outer surface of the blade shell; the technical measure can not influence the flow guiding performance of the blades on wind energy while forming a good technical effect of mine electric conduction. Further, a protective film layer is arranged on the outer surface of the longitudinal electric conductor of the conduction assembly; the technical measure effectively reduces the abrasion of the blade to the conducting component in the operation process, and ensures that the conducting component on the blade operates for a long time.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the structure is simple, the technical difficulty of manufacturing and molding is small, the manufacturing and molding are convenient, and the damaged conducting components on the blades can be maintained and replaced conveniently;
2. when in service thunderbolt, the technical effects of surface lightning receiving and surface conduction can be reliably formed, and the thunder can be stably conducted to the blade root, so that a grounding structure can be formed at the blade root, the conducted thunder does not pass through the abdominal cavity of the blade, the flash arc and thunder initiation effect cannot be caused in the abdominal cavity of the blade, the interference on electronic equipment in the abdominal cavity is small, the structure of the blade is not damaged, and the thunder conduction effect is excellent;
3. when in service, the outer surface of the conductor is not covered by the forming structure of the blade in the lightning conduction process, so that the forming structure of the blade shell is not damaged;
therefore, the blade of the invention is beneficial to long-acting, stable and reliable service on the wind driven generator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the connection between the conductive assembly shown in fig. 1 and 2 and a carbon fiber structural spar cap.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a conductive assembly of the type shown in fig. 1 and 2.
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the mating arrangement of the conductive assembly shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 with a blade shell.
Fig. 6 is another schematic structure of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures mean: 1-a blade shell; 2-a web plate; 3-beam cap; 4-a conductive component; 41-a longitudinal conductor one; 42-longitudinal conductor two; 43-a longitudinal conductor connecting the conductors; 44-beam cap connection conductor; 5-adhesive layer.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a wind driven generator, in particular to a lightning protection type wind driven generator blade, and the main technical content of the invention is explained in detail by a plurality of embodiments. In the embodiment 1, the technical scheme content of the invention is clearly and specifically explained in conjunction with the attached drawings of the specification, namely, fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5; embodiment 2, the technical scheme content of the invention is clearly and specifically explained by combining the attached drawing of the specification, namely, fig. 6; in other embodiments, although not separately illustrated, the main structure of the embodiment may refer to the drawings of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2.
It is expressly noted here that the drawings of the present invention are schematic and have been simplified in unnecessary detail for the purpose of clarity and to avoid obscuring the technical solutions that the present invention contributes to the prior art.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the present invention comprises a blade shell 1 and two sets of conducting assemblies 4.
Wherein, the blade shell 1 is enclosed by arc-shaped half bodies at two sides and is provided with an abdominal cavity. A web 2 for supporting the arc-shaped half bodies on the two sides is arranged in the abdominal cavity of the blade shell 1, two ends of the web 2 are respectively provided with a spar cap 3 with a carbon fiber structure, namely, the end part of the web 2 is connected with the corresponding arc-shaped half body through the corresponding spar cap 3. In this way, the ventral cavity of the blade shell 1 has two sets of caps 3 of carbon fibre construction, see fig. 2.
The two sets of conducting members 4 are basically identical in structure, and the arrangement positions of the two sets of conducting members 4 on the blade shell 1 are arranged corresponding to the positions of the two sets of spar caps 3 in the abdominal cavity. As shown in fig. 2, the conductive assemblies 4 corresponding to the caps 3 at the upper end of the web 2 are formed at the outer sides of the upper arc-shaped half bodies, and the conductive assemblies 4 corresponding to the caps 3 at the lower end of the web 2 are formed at the outer sides of the lower arc-shaped half bodies, i.e., the two groups of conductive assemblies 4 and the two groups of caps 3 in the abdominal cavity form a one-to-one matching relationship.
The formation of one set of conducting members 4 on the blade shell 1 will now be described in detail.
The surface of blade shell 1 corresponds to 3 both sides of roof beam cap vertical edges, has seted up the longitudinal indent groove along blade apex to the blade root direction of blade shell 1, has seted up vertical fashioned indent groove on the blade shell 1 surface that 3 both sides of roof beam cap vertical edges department corresponds respectively promptly, and these two longitudinal indent grooves form at the blade apex department of blade shell 1 and intersect, form the two longitudinal indent grooves of arranging with the angle type structure promptly at the surface of blade shell 1, see fig. 1 and show.
The conducting assembly 4 is provided with a longitudinal conductor which is embedded in two longitudinal concave grooves on the blade shell 1, namely a longitudinal conductor I41 and a longitudinal conductor II 42, namely, the longitudinal conductor I41 is embedded in a longitudinal concave groove on the outer surface of the blade shell 1 corresponding to the longitudinal edge on one side of the beam cap 3, and the longitudinal conductor II 42 is embedded in a longitudinal concave groove on the outer surface of the blade shell 1 corresponding to the longitudinal edge on the other side of the beam cap 3. Two longitudinal conductors corresponding to the longitudinal edges of the same spar cap 3, namely a longitudinal conductor I41 and a longitudinal conductor II 42, form a conducting assembly 4, and the longitudinal conductor I41 and the longitudinal conductor II 42 embedded on the blade shell 1 form connection conduction at the blade tip of the blade shell 1. The technical characteristics can be seen from the structure:
firstly, the cross-sectional profile of one longitudinal inwards concave groove on the outer surface of the blade shell 1 is basically matched with the cross-sectional profile of a first longitudinal conductor 41, and the cross-sectional profile of the other longitudinal inwards concave groove on the outer surface of the blade shell 1 is basically matched with the cross-sectional profile of a second longitudinal conductor 42;
secondly, the lengths of the first longitudinal conductor 41 and the second longitudinal conductor 42 correspond to the lengths from the blade tip to the blade root of the blade shell 1 respectively.
The first longitudinal conductor 41 and the second longitudinal conductor 42 of the conductive member 4 are each a long single-core conductor structure, i.e., a long conductive metal strip, and the conductive metal may be aluminum, an aluminum alloy, copper, a tungsten alloy, stainless steel, or the like. The cross section width of the single-core conductor, namely the first longitudinal conductor 41/the second longitudinal conductor 42, is within a range of 60-100 mm, and the cross section thickness is within a range of 0.3-0.5 mm (the thickness is selected, so that the aerodynamic performance and the use function of the blade are not affected, and the installation of the conducting assembly is facilitated), and specifically, the cross section area of the first longitudinal conductor 41/the second longitudinal conductor 42 to be selected is made to satisfy the following relational expression:
wherein, Δ T is the variation of the temperature of the conductor, in K;
a is the temperature coefficient of resistance, unit 1/K;
W/R is the lightning current energy ratio and the unit is J/omega; 10000 is taken according to IEC-I lightning protection requirements;
ρ0the resistance of the conductor at room temperature is in omega m;
q is the cross-sectional area of the conductor, unit m2；
Gamma is the material density of the conductor, unit kg/m3；
cwThe heat capacity is expressed in units of J/(kg. K).
The minimum value of the cross-sectional area q of the first longitudinal conductor 41/the second longitudinal conductor 42 to be selected can be derived from the above-mentioned relation.
The first longitudinal conductor 41 and the second longitudinal conductor 42 of the conducting assembly 4 may be longitudinally integrated into a single structure.
Since the length of the blade shell 1 in the direction from the blade tip to the blade root is as long as several tens of meters, it is inconvenient to form or install such a long longitudinal integral metal strip on the blade shell 1. Thus, the first longitudinal conductor 41 and the second longitudinal conductor 42 are preferably combined and molded in a longitudinal segmented structure, respectively. Referring to fig. 4, specifically, taking the first longitudinal conductor 41 as an example, the first longitudinal conductor 41 is formed by sequentially butting multiple metal strips with a length of about several meters, and adjacent butting segments can be connected and conducted in a lap joint manner convenient to detach, so that installation and later maintenance and replacement are facilitated; the adjacent butt joint sections can be connected and conducted in a hot melting welding mode capable of forming an integral structure; whether the mode of lapping or thermal welding is adopted, overlapping butt joint areas of not less than 15mm should be formed between adjacent butt joint sections of the longitudinal segmented structure combination, so that the reliability of conducting connection of the longitudinal segmented structure combination is facilitated.
In order to enhance the stability of the embedding of the first and second longitudinal conductors 41, 42 of the conducting assembly 4 in the corresponding longitudinal inner recess of the outer surface of the blade shell 1, the adhesive layer 5 is preferably formed by bonding with an appropriate adhesive in an embedded structure, as shown in fig. 5.
The outer surfaces of the first longitudinal conductor 41 and the second longitudinal conductor 42 constituting the conducting assembly 4, which are embedded on the outer surface of the blade shell 1, are substantially flush with the outer surface of the blade shell 1 at the current position, that is, the outer surfaces of the first longitudinal conductor 41 and the second longitudinal conductor 42 of the conducting assembly 4 are not covered by the molding structure (including outer fiber cloth, protective coating, etc.) of the blade shell 1, so that the outer surfaces of the first longitudinal conductor 41 and the second longitudinal conductor 42 are exposed at the outer surface of the blade shell 1. Of course, in order to avoid abrasion to the outer surfaces of the first longitudinal conductor 41 and the second longitudinal conductor 42 of the conductive assembly 4 during transportation and service operation of the blade, it is preferable to coat or adhere a protective film layer on the outer surfaces of the first longitudinal conductor 41 and the second longitudinal conductor 42, respectively.
Static electricity is accumulated inside the carbon fiber structure spar cap 3 in order to eliminate electromagnetic effect generated in conduction by lightning, so that the conductive assembly 4 and the spar cap 3 in the corresponding relationship are connected with equal potential through a plurality of spar cap connecting electric conductors 44. Referring to fig. 3, taking the longitudinal conductor one 41 as an example, the longitudinal conductor is connected to the carbon fibers of the spar cap 3 on the inner side of the fiber cloth layer of the blade shell 1 through a plurality of spar cap connecting conductors 44-carbon fiber bundles, and the spacing distance between the adjacent spar cap connecting conductors 44 is reasonably selected within the range of 20-30 m.
The conducting members 4 described in detail above are on one arcuate half of the blade shell 1, i.e. a set of conducting members 4. Two groups of conducting assemblies 4 on the arc-shaped half bodies on two sides of the blade shell 1 respectively form equipotential connection at the blade tip and the blade root of the blade shell 1, and are connected with a grounding structure at the blade root.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 6, the present invention comprises a blade shell 1 and two sets of conducting assemblies 4.
Wherein, the blade shell 1 is enclosed by arc-shaped half bodies at two sides and is provided with an abdominal cavity. The ventral cavity of the blade shell 1 is internally provided with a web plate for supporting the arc-shaped half bodies at two sides, and two ends of the web plate are respectively provided with a beam cap of a carbon fiber structure, namely the end part of the web plate is connected with the corresponding arc-shaped half body through the corresponding beam cap. In this way, the ventral cavity of the blade shell 1 has two sets of spar caps of carbon fibre construction.
The two groups of conducting assemblies 4 are basically the same in structure, the arrangement positions of the two groups of conducting assemblies 4 on the blade shell 1 are arranged corresponding to the positions of the two groups of spar caps in the abdominal cavity, and the two groups of conducting assemblies 4 and the two groups of spar caps in the abdominal cavity form a one-to-one corresponding matching relationship.
The formation of one set of conducting members 4 on the blade shell 1 will now be described in detail.
The surface of blade shell 1 corresponds to the vertical edge in roof beam cap both sides, has seted up the longitudinal indent groove along blade apex to the blade root direction of blade shell 1, has seted up vertical fashioned indent groove on the blade shell 1 surface that the vertical edge in roof beam cap both sides department corresponds respectively promptly, and these two longitudinal indent grooves form in blade shell 1's apex department and intersect, form the two longitudinal indent grooves of arranging with the angle type structure promptly at the surface of blade shell 1. Simultaneously, between these two vertical interior concave type grooves that are the angle type structure and arrange, still set up the horizontal interior concave type groove of multichannel with their intercommunication at blade shell 1's surface, these horizontal interior concave type grooves are arranged with distance interval of several meters about along blade shell 1 is vertical, and the degree of depth and the width of each horizontal interior concave type groove are unanimous with the degree of depth and the width of vertical interior concave type groove basically.
The conducting component 4 is provided with longitudinal conductors embedded in two longitudinal concave grooves on the blade shell 1, namely a longitudinal conductor I41 and a longitudinal conductor 42, namely, the longitudinal conductor I41 is embedded in a longitudinal concave groove on the outer surface of the blade shell 1 corresponding to the longitudinal edge on one side of the beam cap 3, and the longitudinal conductor II 42 is embedded in a longitudinal concave groove on the outer surface of the blade shell 1 corresponding to the longitudinal edge on the other side of the beam cap 3; meanwhile, the conducting component 4 is provided with longitudinal conductor connecting conductors 43 embedded in the transverse concave grooves on the blade shell 1, and two ends of each longitudinal conductor connecting conductor 43 are in lap joint or hot melting connection with the corresponding longitudinal conductor 41 and the longitudinal conductor 42. Two longitudinal conductors corresponding to the longitudinal edges of the two sides of the same spar cap, namely a longitudinal conductor I41 and a longitudinal conductor II 42, and a longitudinal conductor connecting conductor 43 between the longitudinal conductor I41 and the longitudinal conductor II 42, jointly form a conducting assembly 4, and the longitudinal conductor I41 and the longitudinal conductor 42 which are embedded on the blade shell 1 form connection conduction at the blade tip of the blade shell 1 and the connection of the longitudinal conductor connecting conductor 43. The technical characteristics can be seen from the structure:
firstly, the cross-sectional profile of one longitudinal inwards concave groove on the outer surface of the blade shell 1 is basically matched with the cross-sectional profile of a first longitudinal conductor 41, the cross-sectional profile of the other longitudinal inwards concave groove on the outer surface of the blade shell 1 is basically matched with the cross-sectional profile of a second longitudinal conductor 42, and the cross-sectional profile of each transverse inwards concave groove on the outer surface of the blade shell 1 is basically matched with the cross-sectional profile of each longitudinal conductor connecting conductor 43 with corresponding length;
secondly, the lengths of the first longitudinal conductor 41 and the second longitudinal conductor 42 respectively correspond to the lengths from the blade tip to the blade root of the blade shell 1; the length of each longitudinal conductor connecting conductor 43 corresponds to the distance between the first longitudinal conductor 41 and the second longitudinal conductor 42 at the current position.
The first longitudinal conductor 41, the second longitudinal conductor 42, and the longitudinal conductor connecting conductors 43 of the conductor assembly 4 are each a long single-core conductor structure, that is, a long conductive metal strip, and the conductive metal may be aluminum, an aluminum alloy, copper, a tungsten alloy, stainless steel, or the like. The cross section width of the single-core conductor, i.e. the first longitudinal conductor 41/the second longitudinal conductor 42/the longitudinal conductor connecting conductor 43, should be within the range of 60-100 mm, and the cross section thickness should be within the range of 0.3-0.5 mm (this thickness is selected, i.e. it is ensured that the aerodynamic performance and the use function of the blade are not affected, and it is also convenient for the installation of the conducting assembly), and specifically, the cross section area of the first longitudinal conductor 41/the second longitudinal conductor 42/the longitudinal conductor connecting conductor 43 to be selected should satisfy the following relational expression:
wherein, Δ T is the variation of the temperature of the conductor, in K;
a is the temperature coefficient of resistance, unit 1/K;
W/R is the lightning current energy ratio and the unit is J/omega; 10000 is taken according to IEC-I lightning protection requirements;
ρ0the resistance of the conductor at room temperature is in omega m;
q is the cross-sectional area of the conductor, unit m2；
Gamma is the material density of the conductor, unit kg/m3；
cwThe heat capacity is expressed in units of J/(kg. K).
The minimum value of the cross-sectional area q of the first longitudinal conductor 41/the second longitudinal conductor 42/the longitudinal conductor connecting conductor 43 to be selected can be derived from the above relation.
The first longitudinal conductor 41 and the second longitudinal conductor 42 of the conducting assembly 4 may be longitudinally integrated into a single structure.
Since the length of the blade shell 1 in the direction from the blade tip to the blade root is as long as several tens of meters, it is inconvenient to form or install such a long longitudinal integral metal strip on the blade shell 1. Thus, the first longitudinal conductor 41 and the second longitudinal conductor 42 are preferably combined and molded in a longitudinal segmented structure, respectively. Specifically, taking the first longitudinal conductor as an example, the first longitudinal conductor is formed by sequentially butting a plurality of sections of metal strips with the length of about several meters, and the adjacent butting sections can be connected and conducted in a lap joint mode convenient to disassemble, so that the installation and later maintenance and replacement are convenient; the adjacent butt joint sections can be connected and conducted in a hot melting welding mode capable of forming an integral structure; whether the mode of lapping or thermal welding is adopted, overlapping butt joint areas of not less than 15mm should be formed between adjacent butt joint sections of the longitudinal segmented structure combination, so that the reliability of conducting connection of the longitudinal segmented structure combination is facilitated.
In order to enhance the stability of the embedding of the first longitudinal conductor 41, the second longitudinal conductor 42 and each longitudinal conductor connecting conductor 43 of the conducting assembly 4 in the corresponding inner concave groove of the outer surface of the blade shell 1, the adhesive layer is preferably formed by bonding with a suitable adhesive in an embedding structure.
The outer surfaces of the first longitudinal conductor 41, the second longitudinal conductor 42 and each longitudinal conductor connecting conductor 43 which are embedded on the outer surface of the blade shell 1 and constitute the conducting assembly 4 are respectively and basically flush with the outer surface of the blade shell 1 at the current position, that is, the outer surfaces of the first longitudinal conductor 41, the second longitudinal conductor 42 and each longitudinal conductor connecting conductor 43 of the conducting assembly 4 are not covered by the forming structure (including outer layer fiber cloth, protective coating and the like) of the blade shell 1, so that the outer surfaces of the first longitudinal conductor 41, the second longitudinal conductor 42 and each longitudinal conductor connecting conductor 43 are exposed at the outer surface of the blade shell 1. Of course, in order to avoid abrasion to the outer surfaces of the first longitudinal conductor 41, the second longitudinal conductor 42 and each longitudinal conductor connecting conductor 43 of the conductive assembly 4 during transportation and service operation of the blade, it is preferable to coat or adhere a protective film layer on the outer surfaces of the first longitudinal conductor 41, the second longitudinal conductor 42 and each longitudinal conductor connecting conductor 43, respectively.
Static electricity is accumulated in the interior of the spar cap of the carbon fiber structure in order to eliminate the electromagnetic effect generated in the conduction by the lightning, so that the conductive assembly 4 and the spar cap which are in the corresponding relation form equipotential connection through a plurality of spar cap connecting electric conductors. Taking the longitudinal conductor I as an example, the longitudinal conductor I is connected to the cap carbon fibers on the inner side of the fiber cloth layer of the blade shell 1 through a plurality of cap connecting conductors-carbon fiber bundles, and the spacing distance between the adjacent cap connecting conductors is reasonably selected within the range of 20-30 m.
The conducting members 4 described in detail above are on one arcuate half of the blade shell 1, i.e. a set of conducting members 4. Two groups of conducting assemblies 4 on the arc-shaped half bodies on two sides of the blade shell 1 respectively form equipotential connection at the blade tip and the blade root of the blade shell 1, and are connected with a grounding structure at the blade root.
Example 3
The invention includes a blade shell and two sets of conductive components.
Wherein, the blade shell is enclosed by arc-shaped half bodies at two sides and is provided with an abdominal cavity. The ventral cavity of the blade shell is internally provided with a web plate for supporting the arc-shaped half bodies on the two sides, and the two ends of the web plate are respectively provided with a beam cap with a carbon fiber structure, namely the end part of the web plate is connected with the corresponding arc-shaped half body through the corresponding beam cap. Thus, two groups of beam caps with carbon fiber structures are arranged in the abdominal cavity of the blade shell.
The two groups of conducting assemblies are basically identical in structure, the arrangement positions of the two groups of conducting assemblies on the blade shell are arranged corresponding to the positions of the two groups of beam caps in the abdominal cavity, and the two groups of conducting assemblies and the two groups of beam caps in the abdominal cavity form a one-to-one corresponding matching relationship.
The formation of one set of conducting components on the blade shell will be described in detail.
The outer surface of the blade shell corresponds to the longitudinal center of the beam cap, and an inner concave groove is formed in the direction from the blade tip to the blade root of the blade shell, namely, the outer surface of the blade shell corresponding to the longitudinal center of the beam cap is provided with a longitudinally-formed inner concave groove.
The conducting assembly is provided with a longitudinal conductor embedded in a concave groove on the blade shell. The technical characteristics can be seen from the structure:
firstly, the cross-sectional profile of the concave groove on the outer surface of the blade shell is basically matched with the cross-sectional profile of the longitudinal conductor;
and secondly, the length of the longitudinal conductor corresponds to the length from the blade tip to the blade root of the blade shell.
The longitudinal conductors of the conductive assembly are long single-core conductor structures, i.e., long strips of conductive metal, which may be aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, tungsten alloy, stainless steel, etc., but aluminum or aluminum alloy is preferred in the present invention. The single-core conductor, namely the longitudinal conductor, has a cross section width within a range of 60-100 mm and a cross section thickness within a range of 0.3-0.5 mm (the thickness is selected, so that aerodynamic performance and use function of the blade are not affected, and installation of the conducting assembly is facilitated), and specifically, the cross section area of the longitudinal conductor to be selected satisfies the following relational expression:
wherein, Δ T is the variation of the temperature of the conductor, in K;
a is the temperature coefficient of resistance, unit 1/K;
W/R is the lightning current energy ratio and the unit is J/omega; 10000 is taken according to IEC-I lightning protection requirements;
ρ0the resistance of the conductor at room temperature is in omega m;
q is the cross-sectional area of the conductor, unit m2；
Gamma is the material density of the conductor, unit kg/m3；
cwThe heat capacity is expressed in units of J/(kg. K).
The minimum value of the cross-sectional area q of the longitudinal conductor to be selected can be derived from the above-mentioned relation.
The longitudinal conductor of the conducting assembly may be of longitudinally integral construction.
Because the length of the blade shell from the blade tip to the blade root is as long as tens of meters, the long longitudinal integral metal strip is inconvenient to form and install on the blade shell, and therefore, the longitudinal conductor is preferably formed by combining longitudinal sectional structures. The longitudinal electric conductor is formed by sequentially butting a plurality of sections of metal strips with the length of about several meters, and the adjacent butting sections can be connected and conducted in a lap joint mode convenient to disassemble, so that the installation and later maintenance and replacement are convenient; the adjacent butt joint sections can be connected and conducted in a hot melting welding mode capable of forming an integral structure; whether the mode of lapping or thermal welding is adopted, overlapping butt joint areas of not less than 15mm should be formed between adjacent butt joint sections of the longitudinal segmented structure combination, so that the reliability of conducting connection of the longitudinal segmented structure combination is facilitated.
In order to increase the stability of the embedding of the longitudinal conductors of the conducting assembly in the corresponding inner recess of the outer surface of the blade shell, the longitudinal conductors are preferably bonded in an adapted adhesive in the embedding structure to form a bonding layer.
The outer surface of the longitudinal conductor embedded on the outer surface of the blade shell and constituting the conducting assembly is substantially flush with the outer surface of the blade shell at the current position, that is, the outer surface of the longitudinal conductor of the conducting assembly is not covered by the molding structure (including the outer fiber cloth, the protective coating and the like) of the blade shell, so that the outer surface of the longitudinal conductor is exposed at the outer surface of the blade shell. Of course, in order to avoid abrasion to the outer surface of the longitudinal conductor of the conductive assembly during transportation and service operation of the blade, it is preferable to coat or adhere a protective film layer on the outer surface of the longitudinal conductor.
In order to eliminate the electromagnetic effect generated in the conduction of lightning and generate static accumulation in the beam cap of the carbon fiber structure, the conduction assembly and the beam cap which are in corresponding relation are connected with the electric conductors through the beam caps to form equipotential connection, and the spacing distance between the adjacent beam cap connecting electric conductors is reasonably selected within the range of 20-30 m.
The conducting members described in detail above are on the curved halves of one side of the blade shell, i.e. a set of conducting members. Two groups of conducting assemblies on the arc-shaped half bodies on two sides of the blade shell respectively form equipotential connection at the blade tip and the blade root of the blade shell, and are connected with a grounding structure at the blade root.
The above examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications to the above-described embodiments are possible, or some technical features may be equally replaced (for example, a blade formed by a non-carbon fiber structure is used as a substrate, etc.); and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its essence.
Claims (9)
1. The lightning protection type wind driven generator blade comprises a blade shell (1), wherein at least one group of conduction assemblies (4) are embedded in the outer surface of the blade shell (1); the method is characterized in that: the conducting assembly (4) is provided with at least one longitudinal electric conductor which is arranged along the direction from the blade tip to the blade root of the blade shell (1), each longitudinal electric conductor of the conducting assembly (4) is of a single-core conductor structure with an integral forming structure or a longitudinal segmented structure, adjacent sections of the longitudinal electric conductors of the longitudinal segmented structure form butt joint combination in a lap joint mode or a hot melting mode, overlapping butt joint areas which are not smaller than 15mm are formed between the adjacent sections, and the outer surface of the longitudinal electric conductor of the conducting assembly (4) is not coated by the forming structure of the blade shell (1).
2. The lightning protection wind turbine blade according to claim 1, wherein: the blade shell is characterized in that at least one group of beam caps (3) of carbon fiber structures are arranged in the abdominal cavity of the blade shell (1), the number and the positions of the conducting assemblies (4) on the blade shell (1) correspond to the beam caps (3) in the abdominal cavity of the blade shell (1) and are arranged, the conducting assemblies (4) on the blade shell (1) and the beam caps (3) in the abdominal cavity form a one-to-one matching relation, and the conducting assemblies (4) in one-to-one matching relation and the beam caps (3) are connected through a plurality of beam caps to form equipotential connection through electric conductors (44).
3. The lightning protection wind turbine blade according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the number of the conducting assemblies (4) on the blade shell (1) is at least two, and equipotential connection is formed between the conducting assemblies (4) at the blade tip and the blade root of the blade shell (1).
4. The lightning protection wind turbine blade according to claim 2, wherein: the number of the longitudinal electric conductors of the conducting assembly (4) is two, and the two longitudinal electric conductors are arranged along the outer edges of the two sides of the corresponding beam cap (3).
5. The lightning protection type wind turbine blade according to claim 4, wherein: two corresponding longitudinal conductors at the outer edges of the two sides of the beam cap (3) are connected with the conductors (43) through a plurality of longitudinal conductors to form equipotential connection.
6. The lightning protection wind turbine blade according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the longitudinal electric conductor is 60-100 mm, and the thickness is 0.3-0.5 mm.
7. The lightning protection wind turbine blade according to claim 6, wherein: the cross-sectional area of the longitudinal conductor satisfies the following relation:
wherein, Delta T is the variation of the temperature of the conductor, K;
a is the temperature coefficient of resistance, 1/K;
W/R is lightning current energy ratio, J/omega;
ρ0is the resistance of the conductor at room temperature, omega m;
q is the sectional area of the conductor, m2；
Gamma is the material density of the electrical conductor, kg/m3；
cwThe heat capacity is J/(kg. K).
8. The lightning protection wind turbine blade according to claim 1 or 4, wherein: the outer surface of the longitudinal electric conductor of the conducting assembly (4) is flush with the outer surface of the blade shell.
9. The lightning protection wind turbine blade according to claim 8, wherein: and a protective film layer is arranged on the outer surface of the longitudinal electric conductor of the conduction assembly (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011550129.1A CN112648136B (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Lightning protection type aerogenerator blade |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011550129.1A CN112648136B (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Lightning protection type aerogenerator blade |
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| CN112648136B true CN112648136B (en) | 2022-04-01 |
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Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DK173607B1 (en) * | 1999-06-21 | 2001-04-30 | Lm Glasfiber As | Wind turbine blade with lightning de-icing system |
| ES2161196B1 (en) * | 2000-05-09 | 2002-05-16 | Torres Disenos Ind S A M | INSTALLATION OF PARARRAYOS FOR AEROGENERATORS. |
| ES2357063B2 (en) * | 2009-10-06 | 2012-01-24 | Líneas Y Cables, S.A. | AEROGENERATOR PROTECTION SYSTEM AGAINST ATMOSPHERIC DOWNLOADS. |
| DK2956662T3 (en) * | 2013-02-13 | 2017-10-16 | Vestas Wind Sys As | WIND TURBINE BLADES |
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Address after: 618000 No.2, Section 2, South Huashan Road, Jingyang District, Deyang City, Sichuan Province Applicant after: Dongfang Electric Wind Power Co.,Ltd. Address before: 618000 No.2, Section 2, South Huashan Road, Jingyang District, Deyang City, Sichuan Province Applicant before: DONGFANG ELECTRIC WIND POWER Co.,Ltd. |
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