CN112646261A - Insulating material for manufacturing photovoltaic cable - Google Patents
Insulating material for manufacturing photovoltaic cable Download PDFInfo
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- CN112646261A CN112646261A CN202011518003.6A CN202011518003A CN112646261A CN 112646261 A CN112646261 A CN 112646261A CN 202011518003 A CN202011518003 A CN 202011518003A CN 112646261 A CN112646261 A CN 112646261A
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- insulating material
- flame retardant
- antioxidant
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- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920002627 poly(phosphazenes) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;diethylphosphinate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- QDCHWIWENYCPIL-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;4-hydroxy-5-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-sulfonatobenzoyl)-2-methoxybenzenesulfonate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].C1=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(OC)=CC(O)=C1C(=O)C1=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(OC)C=C1O QDCHWIWENYCPIL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical group C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2'-Methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C)C=2)C(C)(C)C)O)=C1O KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940079894 benzophenone-9 Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- QYMGIIIPAFAFRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;ethene Chemical compound C=C.CCCCOC(=O)C=C QYMGIIIPAFAFRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006245 ethylene-butyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001912 maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001910 maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940113116 polyethylene glycol 1000 Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- AIAMDEVDYXNNEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OCCCCCC(C)C AIAMDEVDYXNNEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940111759 benzophenone-2 Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- WXNRYSGJLQFHBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methanone Chemical compound OC1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1O WXNRYSGJLQFHBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012856 weighed raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 3
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C08L23/0853—Vinylacetate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/2224—Magnesium hydroxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/22—Halogen free composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
- C08L2207/06—Properties of polyethylene
- C08L2207/062—HDPE
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an insulating material for manufacturing a photovoltaic cable, which is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EVA with the VA content of more than 28%, 10-20 parts of high-density polyethylene HDPE, 10-15 parts of silicon modified polyurethane, 20-30 parts of halogen-free flame retardant, 10-20 parts of polyphosphazene flame retardant, 1-5 parts of functionalized polyolefin resin, 2-4 parts of heat-conducting carbon fiber, 1-2 parts of antioxidant, 1-2 parts of light stabilizer, 1-2 parts of ultraviolet absorbent, 0.1-0.3 part of Ir1024 copper inhibitor, 1-2 parts of lubricant and 1-2 parts of crosslinking sensitizer. The flame retardant in the cable material made of the insulating material is dispersed more uniformly, the flame retardant effect is better, the material strength is obviously improved, and the use effect is better.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an insulating material, in particular to an insulating material for manufacturing a photovoltaic cable. Background
The photovoltaic cable generally requires the performances of heat resistance, damp and heat resistance, low temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, weather resistance, ozone resistance, wear resistance, direct current voltage resistance, 250 ℃ heat extension, low smoke, zero halogen, flame retardance and the like, and the service life of the photovoltaic cable reaches 25 years. The cable material in the prior art has defects in direct current voltage resistance and 250 ℃ heat extension, because the mixing effect of a double-screw conveying device in the existing production equipment is poor, a nano-scale material cannot be uniformly mixed with an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EVA resin material with the content of more than 28 percent, only a micron-scale flame retardant and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EVA with the content of 18 percent can be used, the addition amount of the micron-scale flame retardant is 2-3 times of that of the nano-scale flame retardant to achieve the same flame retardant effect, a single insulating material needs to be added with a large amount of flame retardant and additives to achieve the flame retardant requirement and the weather resistance, so that the resin content is low, the insulating property is greatly reduced, an inner-layer insulation needs to be added, and because the inner-layer insulation has the characteristics of heat resistance, damp-heat resistance, low temperature resistance, chemical, The requirements on the performances of wear resistance, low smoke, zero halogen, flame retardance and the like are low, so that the using amount of flame retardants and additives added into the used insulating material can be reduced, the resin content is increased, and the insulating property is improved; the requirement of the photovoltaic power station on the performance indexes of the photovoltaic cable is to adopt a double-layer insulation structure, the inner layer insulation ensures the insulation performance, and the outer layer insulation ensures the performances of heat resistance, humidity resistance, low temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, weather resistance, ozone resistance, wear resistance, direct current voltage resistance, 250 ℃ heat extension, low smoke, zero halogen, flame retardance and the like. The double-layer insulation structure has large insulation volume, high cost and poor comprehensive performance; and the manufacturing is complicated, the process control is complicated, the talcum powder is required to be coated between two layers of insulation when the outer layer insulation is extruded, the uniformity of the talcum powder is not well controlled, the outer layer insulation is heated in an irradiation procedure, the bulge phenomenon occurs, the finished cable is scrapped, and the yield is low. The invention patent application CN 106279961A discloses a low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant insulating material for manufacturing a photovoltaic cable and a manufacturing method thereof, the method can use a nano-scale flame retardant, the flame retardant property is improved, and how to better improve the material property of the photovoltaic cable is still an important technical problem expected to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provide the insulating material for manufacturing the photovoltaic cable, the flame retardant in the cable material made of the insulating material is dispersed more uniformly, the flame retardant effect is better, the material strength is obviously improved, and the using effect is better.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical solution of the invention is as follows:
an insulating material for manufacturing a photovoltaic cable is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EVA with the VA content of more than 28%, 10-20 parts of high-density polyethylene HDPE, 10-15 parts of silicon modified polyurethane, 20-30 parts of halogen-free flame retardant, 10-20 parts of polyphosphazene flame retardant, 1-5 parts of functionalized polyolefin resin, 2-4 parts of heat-conducting carbon fiber, 1-2 parts of antioxidant, 1-2 parts of light stabilizer, 1-2 parts of ultraviolet absorbent, 0.1-0.3 part of Ir1024 copper inhibitor, 1-2 parts of lubricant and 1-2 parts of crosslinking sensitizer, wherein the silicon modified polyurethane is prepared by the following method: (a) dripping 80 parts by weight of 2, 4-toluene diisocyanate into 100 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol 1000 at 40 ℃, and heating to 80 ℃ to react for three hours after dripping to obtain a prepolymer; and (b) dropwise adding 10-15 parts by weight of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane into the prepolymer, and reacting at 80 ℃ for 2 hours after dropwise adding to obtain the silicon modified polyurethane.
Preferably, the high density polyethylene HDPE is a high density polyethylene HDPE with a shore hardness of 95A or 97A.
Preferably, the halogen-free flame retardant is one of nano calcium carbonate and nano calcium oxide, nano magnesium hydroxide treated by organic silane and nano aluminum hydroxide treated by organic silane, and the ratio of the halogen-free flame retardant to the nano calcium carbonate to the nano calcium oxide is 1: 1: 1 in combination. Preferably, the functionalized polyolefin resin is maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer, maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer or maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene. Preferably, the lubricant is a combination of one of methyl silicone oil, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate and zinc stearate and polyethylene wax according to a ratio of 1: 3.
Preferably, the antioxidant is 264 antioxidant 2, 6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2246 antioxidant 2, 2' -methylenebis- (4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 1135 antioxidant beta- (3, 5-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) isooctyl propionate and BHT antioxidant 2, 6-Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol according to the weight ratio of 1: 1 in combination.
Preferably, the crosslinking sensitizer is triallyl isocyanurate or 1, 1, 1-trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate.
Preferably, the light stabilizer is 3, 3 '-carbonylbis (4-hydroxy-6-methoxybenzenesulfonic acid) disodium salt, benzophenone-9 or 2, 2' -dihydroxy-4, 4 '-dimethoxybenzophenone-5, 5' -disulfonic acid sodium salt; the ultraviolet absorbent is UV944 or UV 531 ultraviolet absorbent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the components used in the invention contain silicon modified polyurethane, the resin can be well crosslinked with other resins, and the nano-scale halogen-free flame retardant and the polyphosphazene flame retardant can be well dispersed and mixed due to the existence of the silicon modified group, so that the dispersion effect and the flame retardant capability are improved, the better dispersion performance and the better flame retardant effect are achieved compared with the case of not adding the silicon modified polyurethane, and the better flame retardant effect is also achieved compared with the case of using the micron-scale halogen-free flame retardant and the polyphosphazene flame retardant. Meanwhile, the insulating property of the material is greatly improved due to the more complex crosslinking function. The addition of the heat-conducting carbon fibers improves the heat-conducting property of the material, has stronger ageing resistance, and simultaneously has less use amount of other auxiliary agents, thereby effectively improving the heat resistance, humidity resistance, low temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, weather resistance, ozone resistance, wear resistance, direct current voltage resistance, 250 ℃ heat extensibility, low smoke, zero halogen, flame retardance and other properties of the material, and having good insulating property. The single-layer cable insulation made of the insulation material can meet the performance requirements of the European Union photovoltaic cable standard EN50618 on high-power photovoltaic cables, the insulation volume is reduced, the comprehensive performance is good, the service life reaches more than 25 years, the radiation bulge phenomenon cannot occur, and the rejection rate is reduced. Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
The following 1 kg, and the silicon-modified polyurethane used in the following examples was prepared by the following method: (a) dripping 80 parts by weight of 2, 4-toluene diisocyanate into 100 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol 1000 at 40 ℃, heating to 80 ℃ after dripping is finished, and reacting for three hours to obtain a prepolymer; and (b) dropwise adding 10-15 parts by weight of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane into the prepolymer, and reacting at 80 ℃ for 2 hours after dropwise adding to obtain the silicon modified polyurethane.
Example 1: the insulating material for manufacturing the photovoltaic cable is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30 parts of EVA with the VA content of more than 28 percent and the model number of 40W produced by DuPont in America; 10 parts of high density polyethylene HDPE with Shore hardness of 95A; 10 parts of silicon-modified polyurethane; 20 parts of nanoscale calcium carbonate with organosilane-treated nanoscale magnesium hydroxide and organosilane-treated nanoscale aluminum hydroxide were mixed in a ratio of 1: 1: 1 in combination; 10 parts of polyphosphazene flame retardant; 1 part of maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer; 2 parts of heat-conducting carbon fiber; 1 part of 264 antioxidant 2, 6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol and BHT antioxidant 2, 6-Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol according to the weight ratio of 1: 1 in combination; 1 part of 3, 3' -carbonylbis (4-hydroxy-6-methoxybenzenesulfonic acid) disodium salt; 1 part of a UV944 ultraviolet absorber; 0.1 part of Ir1024 copper inhibitor; 1 part of methyl silicone oil and polyethylene wax are combined according to a ratio of 1: 3; 1 part of triallyl isocyanurate.
The manufacturing method of the insulating material for manufacturing the photovoltaic cable comprises the following steps:
weighing the raw materials according to the weight, adding the weighed raw materials into a high-speed kneader at one time, kneading at the heating temperature of 60 ℃ for 30min, discharging, and plasticizing and extruding by a double-screw extruder; the material inlet of the double-screw extruder is a material inlet area 1, each section of heating sheet towards the material outlet is an area 2, an area 3, an area 4 and an area 5 in sequence, the material outlet is a machine head 6, and the temperature of each area is set to be 150 ℃ in the material inlet area 1, 150 ℃ in the area 2, 145 ℃ in the area 3, 140 ℃ in the area 4, 140 ℃ in the area 5 and 130 ℃ in the machine head 6; extruding and granulating by using a single-screw extruder, wherein a feeding port of the single-screw extruder is a feeding area 1, each section of heating sheet towards a discharging port is a zone 2, a zone 3 and a zone 4 in sequence, a discharging port is a machine head mould 5, and the temperature of each zone is set to be 120 ℃ in the feeding area 1, 125 ℃ in the zone 2, 140 ℃ in the zone 3, 140 ℃ in the zone 4 and 155 ℃ in the machine head mould 5; then the mixture is separated and cooled by a wind-conveying screen mesh, and the mixture is filled into bags and packaged.
Example 2: the insulating material for manufacturing the photovoltaic cable is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 35 parts of EVA model 11D542, manufactured by dupont, usa; 15 parts of high density polyethylene HDPE with a Shore hardness of 97A; 12 parts of silicon-modified polyurethane; 25 parts of nanoscale calcium oxide with organosilane-treated nanoscale magnesium hydroxide and organosilane-treated nanoscale aluminum hydroxide were mixed in a ratio of 1: 1: 1 in combination; 15 parts of polyphosphazene flame retardant; 3 parts of a maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer; 3 parts of heat-conducting carbon fiber; 1.5 parts of 2246 antioxidant 2, 2' -methylenebis- (4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) and BHT antioxidant 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol in a weight ratio of 1: 1 in combination; 1.5 parts of benzophenone-9; 1.5 parts of a UV 531 ultraviolet absorber; 0.2 part of Ir1024 copper resisting agent; 1.5 parts of calcium stearate and polyethylene wax in a ratio of 1: 3; 1.2 parts of 1, 1, 1-trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate.
The manufacturing method of the insulating material comprises the following steps:
weighing the raw materials according to the weight, adding the weighed raw materials into an internal mixer at one time, heating to 90 ℃, internally mixing for 30min, discharging, and plasticizing and extruding by a double-screw extruder; the temperature of the material mass obtained by banburying is 160 ℃, the temperature of each area of the double-screw extruder is set to be 1 area without heating, 2 area 150 ℃,3 area 145 ℃,4 area 135 ℃,5 area 130 ℃ and head 6 area 130 ℃; extruding and granulating by a single screw extruder, setting the temperature of each area of the single screw extruder to be 135 ℃ in a feeding area 1, 140 ℃ in a 2 area, 145 ℃ in a 3 area, 155 ℃ in a 4 area and 165 ℃ in a nose die 5 area, separating and cooling by a pneumatic conveying screen, and filling into bags and packaging.
Example 3: the insulating material for manufacturing the photovoltaic cable is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40 parts of EVA, model 880 from DuPont, USA; 20 parts of high density polyethylene HDPE with Shore hardness of 95A; 15 parts of silicon-modified polyurethane; 30 parts of calcium carbonate with organosilane-treated nanoscale magnesium hydroxide and organosilane-treated nanoscale aluminum hydroxide in a ratio of 1: 1: 1 in combination; 20 parts of polyphosphazene flame retardant; 5 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene; 4 parts of heat-conducting carbon fiber; 2 parts of 1135 antioxidant isooctyl beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate and BHT antioxidant 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol in a weight ratio of 1: 1 in combination; 2 parts of 2, 2 ' -dihydroxy-4, 4 ' -dimethoxy benzophenone-5, 5 ' -disulfonic acid sodium salt; 2 parts of a UV 531 ultraviolet absorber; 0.3 part of Ir1024 copper resisting agent; 2 parts of magnesium stearate and polyethylene wax are combined according to a ratio of 1: 3; 2 parts of triallyl isocyanurate.
The manufacturing method of the insulating material comprises the following steps:
weighing the raw materials according to the weight, adding the weighed raw materials into a high-speed kneader at one time, kneading for 30min at the heating temperature of 80 ℃, discharging, and plasticizing and extruding by a double-screw extruder; the temperature of each area of the double-screw extruder is set to be 155 ℃ in a feeding area 1, 155 ℃ in an area 2, 150 ℃ in an area 3, 145 ℃ in an area 4, 135 ℃ in an area 5 and 135 ℃ in a head 6; extruding and granulating by a single screw extruder, wherein the temperature of each area of the single screw extruder is set to be 125 ℃ in a feeding area 1, 130 ℃ in a 2 area, 145 ℃ in a 3 area, 150 ℃ in a 4 area and 165 ℃ in a nose die 5 area; then the mixture is separated and cooled by a wind-conveying screen mesh, and the mixture is filled into bags and packaged.
Example 4: the insulating material for manufacturing the photovoltaic cable is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 32 parts of EVA manufactured by asahi chemical corporation in japan as model number RF 7830; 12 parts of 97A high density polyethylene HDPE; 13 parts of silicon-modified polyurethane; 28 parts of calcium carbonate with organosilane-treated nanoscale magnesium hydroxide and organosilane-treated nanoscale aluminum hydroxide were mixed in a ratio of 1: 1: 1 in combination; 17 parts of a polyphosphazene flame retardant; 4 parts of a maleic anhydride-grafted ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer; 2 parts of heat-conducting carbon fiber; 1 part of 2246 antioxidant 2, 2' -methylenebis- (4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) and BHT antioxidant 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol in a weight ratio of 1: 1 in combination; 1.5 parts of 3, 3' -carbonylbis (4-hydroxy-6-methoxybenzenesulphonic acid) disodium salt; 1.8 parts of a UV944 ultraviolet absorber; 0.3 part of Ir1024 copper resisting agent; 1.4 parts of zinc stearate and polyethylene wax in a 1:3 combination; 1 part of triallyl isocyanurate.
The manufacturing method of the insulating material comprises the following steps:
weighing the raw materials according to the weight, adding the weighed raw materials into a high-speed kneader at one time, kneading for 30min at the heating temperature of 65 ℃, discharging, and plasticizing and extruding by a double-screw extruder; the temperature of each zone of the double-screw extruder is set to be 152 ℃ in a feeding zone 1, 153 ℃ in a 2 zone, 143 ℃ in a 3 zone, 148 ℃ in a 4 zone, 138 ℃ in a 5 zone and 138 ℃ in a machine head 6 zone; extruding and granulating by a single screw extruder, wherein the temperature of each area of the single screw extruder is set to be 123 ℃ in a feeding area 1, 128 ℃ in a 2 area, 142 ℃ in a 3 area, 143 ℃ in a 4 area and 150 ℃ in a nose die 5 area; then the mixture is separated and cooled by a wind-conveying screen mesh, and the mixture is filled into bags and packaged.
Example 5: the insulating material for manufacturing the photovoltaic cable is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 38 parts of EVA, model NUC8450, manufactured by Japan Eurica; 18 parts of 97A high density polyethylene HDPE; 12 parts of silicon-modified polyurethane; 22 parts of calcium carbonate with organosilane-treated nanoscale magnesium hydroxide and organosilane-treated nanoscale aluminum hydroxide were mixed in a ratio of 1: 1: 1 in combination; 13 parts of polyphosphazene flame retardant; 1 part of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene; 4 parts of heat-conducting carbon fiber; 1.5 parts of 264 antioxidant 2, 6-Ditert-butyl-4-methylphenol and BHT antioxidant 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol in a weight ratio of 1: 1 in combination; 1.8 parts of benzophenone-9; 1.5 UV 531 ultraviolet absorber; 0.15 Ir1024 copper resistant agent; 1.8 parts of methyl silicone oil and polyethylene wax are combined according to a ratio of 1: 3; 1.5 parts of triallyl isocyanurate.
The manufacturing method of the insulating material comprises the following steps:
weighing the raw materials according to the weight, adding the weighed raw materials into an internal mixer at one time, heating to 140 ℃, internally mixing for 30min, discharging, and plasticizing and extruding by a double-screw extruder; the temperature of the material mass obtained by banburying is 160 ℃, the temperature of each area of the double-screw extruder is set to be 1 area without heating, 2 area 148 ℃,3 area 142 ℃,4 area 138 ℃,5 area 138 ℃ and 6 area 123 ℃ of a machine head; extruding and granulating by a single screw extruder, setting the temperature of each area of the single screw extruder to be 132 ℃ in a feeding area 1, 142 ℃ in a 2 area, 148 ℃ in a 3 area, 158 ℃ in a 4 area and 164 ℃ in a nose die 5 area, separating and cooling by a wind-conveying screen mesh, and filling and packaging.
The performance tests performed on the single-layer cables made of the insulating materials obtained in examples 1 to 3 are shown in table 1:
compared with the patent CN 106279961A, after the silicon modified polyurethane and the heat-conducting carbon fiber are added, the flame retardance and the strength of the product are obviously improved, and the product has a better using effect.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred and exemplary and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An insulating material for manufacturing a photovoltaic cable is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EVA with the VA content of more than 28%, 10-20 parts of high-density polyethylene HDPE, 10-15 parts of silicon modified polyurethane, 20-30 parts of halogen-free flame retardant, 10-20 parts of polyphosphazene flame retardant, 1-5 parts of functionalized polyolefin resin, 2-4 parts of heat-conducting carbon fiber, 1-2 parts of antioxidant, 1-2 parts of light stabilizer, 1-2 parts of ultraviolet absorbent, 0.1-0.3 part of Ir1024 copper inhibitor, 1-2 parts of lubricant and 1-2 parts of crosslinking sensitizer, wherein the silicon modified polyurethane is prepared by the following method: (a) dripping 80 parts by weight of 2, 4-toluene diisocyanate into 100 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol 1000 at 40 ℃, and heating to 80 ℃ to react for three hours after dripping to obtain a prepolymer; and (b) dropwise adding 10-15 parts by weight of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane into the prepolymer, and reacting at 80 ℃ for 2 hours after dropwise adding to obtain the silicon modified polyurethane.
2. The insulating material for making photovoltaic cables according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-density polyethylene HDPE is a high-density polyethylene HDPE with Shore hardness of 95A or 97A.
3. The insulating material for making photovoltaic cables according to claim 1, characterized in that: the halogen-free flame retardant is prepared by mixing one of nano calcium carbonate and nano calcium oxide with nano magnesium hydroxide treated by organosilane and nano aluminum hydroxide treated by organosilane according to the weight ratio of 1: 1: 1 in combination.
4. The insulating material for making photovoltaic cables according to claim 1, characterized in that: the functionalized polyolefin resin is maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer, maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer or maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene.
5. The insulating material for making photovoltaic cables according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lubricant is a combination of one of methyl silicone oil, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate and zinc stearate and polyethylene wax according to a ratio of 1: 3.
6. The insulating material for making photovoltaic cables according to claim 1, characterized in that: the antioxidant is one of 264 antioxidant 2, 6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2246 antioxidant 2, 2' -methylene bis- (4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 1135 antioxidant beta- (3, 5-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) isooctyl propionate and BHT antioxidant 2, 6-Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol according to the weight ratio of 1: 1 in combination.
7. The insulating material for making photovoltaic cables according to claim 1, characterized in that: the crosslinking sensitizer is triallyl isocyanurate or 1, 1, 1-trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate.
8. The insulating material for making photovoltaic cables according to claim 1, characterized in that: the light stabilizer is 3, 3 '-carbonylbis (4-hydroxy-6-methoxybenzenesulfonic acid) disodium salt, benzophenone-9 or 2, 2' -dihydroxy-4, 4 '-dimethoxybenzophenone-5, 5' -sodium disulfonate; the ultraviolet absorbent is UV944 or UV 531 ultraviolet absorbent.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113698693A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-26 | 常州市宏杉新材料有限公司 | Cable material |
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