CN112645687A - 一种以抛光砖泥为原料的绿色多孔建材及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种以抛光砖泥为原料的绿色多孔建材及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112645687A
CN112645687A CN202011474208.9A CN202011474208A CN112645687A CN 112645687 A CN112645687 A CN 112645687A CN 202011474208 A CN202011474208 A CN 202011474208A CN 112645687 A CN112645687 A CN 112645687A
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polished brick
brick mud
porous building
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王海龙
孙节
白楠
王文韬
郝宏志
高佳兴
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China Construction Sixth Engineering Bureau Tianjin Green Building Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种以抛光砖泥为原料的绿色多孔建材及其制备方法，制备所需原料各组分的质量百分比为：抛光砖泥60‑75％，珍珠岩5‑15％，滑石1.9‑5.6％，膨润土5‑10％，钠长石3‑7％，钾长石2‑6％，方解石1‑3％，碳化硅微粉0.1‑0.4％。本发明所述方法以抛光砖泥为主要原料，消耗了大量抛光砖泥，为实现抛光砖泥高值化利用提供了新思路，制备的多孔建材产品力学性能指标优异，气泡分布均匀，可以应用于墙体保温材料。

Description

一种以抛光砖泥为原料的绿色多孔建材及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及无机非金属材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种以抛光砖泥为原料的绿色多孔建材及其制备方法。
背景技术
近年来，我国建筑陶瓷行业得到迅猛发展，已成为世界上陶瓷生产第一大国。其中陶瓷抛光砖己成为国内外应用最广，产量最大的建筑装饰材料，主要用于装饰墙面和地面。陶瓷抛光砖在生产过程中，需经过铣磨、粗磨、细磨、抛光及磨边等一系列工序，通常要从砖坯表面去除0.5～0.7mm表面层，有时甚至高达1～2mm据统计，生产1m3抛光砖将形成1.8～2.4Kg左右的废屑，因此每年将产生大量的抛光砖泥，由于抛光砖泥无法降解，并且含有大量化学物质，严重污染了人们赖以生存的环境，由此带来的环境污染和生态环境破坏也日趋严重，如何实现抛光砖泥的合理利用、变废为宝，成为一个亟待解决的问题。陶瓷废料在建筑材料领域的应用前景非常广阔，为有效处理这些数量巨大的陶瓷废料。经化学分析，抛光砖泥主要化学组成为SiO2和Al2O3，且含有一定量的MgO、NaO、K2O等成分，这些都是制备硅酸盐材料的必备成分。因此利用抛光砖泥制备多孔绿色建材是一条有效途径。
与此同时，我国城镇化、工业化进程的加快以及社会主义新农村建设的逐步展开，每年城乡建设房屋建筑面积近20亿平方米，预计到2020年底，全国房屋建筑面积将新增250～300亿m2，这其中80％以上为高能耗建筑。绿色多孔建材具有保温、隔热、隔音、轻质高强、防火、耐腐蚀、抗雨水渗透、美观和与建筑物同寿命等优点，能够极大地降低建筑能耗，对于实现节能的目标具有非常重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明为解决上述问题提供一种利用工业废料中的抛光砖泥制备绿色多孔建材的方法，该方法制备的绿色多孔建材具有轻质高强、保温隔热、产品附加值高的特点。
本发明所采取的技术方案：
一种以抛光砖泥为原料的绿色多孔建材，制备所需原料各组分的质量百分比为：抛光砖泥60-75％，珍珠岩5-15％，滑石1.9-5.6％，膨润土5-10％，钠长石3-7％，钾长石2-6％，方解石1-3％，碳化硅微粉0.1-0.4％。
所述的抛光砖泥为工业废料中的抛光砖泥。
一种以抛光砖泥为原料的绿色多孔建材的制备方法，其步骤为：
S1.按制备所需原料的各组分质量百分比称取抛光砖泥、珍珠岩、滑石、钠长石、钾长石、膨润土、方解石、碳化硅微粉，获得配合料；
S2.将配合料经球磨机球磨1h，混合均匀，过200目筛；
S3：将筛后的粉料放入铺有耐火度1260℃硅酸铝纸的模具中，铺平压实得到坯体；
S4：将模具送入烧结炉内，按设定的升温曲线，制备得到绿色多孔建材。
所述的S4步骤中设定的升温曲线为：自室温以10-15℃/min升温速率升温至300-500℃，保温30-60min；再以5-10℃/min升温速率升温至800-900℃，保温20-50min；再以1-4℃/min升温速率升温至1050-1100℃，保温20min-50min，之后随炉冷却至室温。
本发明的有益效果：
(1)本发明所述方法以抛光砖泥为主要原料，制备出性能优良的绿色多孔建材，其中抛光砖泥最大添加量为75％，消耗了大量抛光砖泥，为实现抛光砖泥高值化利用提供了新思路；
(2)本发明提供的方法制备的绿色多孔建材实验结果表明体积密度为420-730kg/cm3，抗压强度4-9Mpa，平均泡径0.1-0.5mm，产品力学性能指标优异，气泡分布均匀，可以应用于墙体保温材料。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1所制备的绿色多孔建材气孔结构图；
图2是本发明实施例2所制备的绿色多孔建材气孔结构图；
图3是本发明实施例3所制备的绿色多孔建材气孔结构图；
图4是本发明实施例4所制备的绿色多孔建材气孔结构图；
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
本实施例的绿色多孔建材，包括以下质量百分数计的原料：抛光砖泥60％、珍珠岩15％、滑石5.6％、钾长石6％、钠长石7％、膨润土5％、碳化硅微粉0.4％、方解石1％。
实施例的抛光砖泥制备泡沫陶瓷制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1.混料：将抛光砖泥、珍珠岩、滑石、钾长石、钠长石、膨润土、碳化硅、方解石按总重100kg质量百分比称取配合料；
2.粉磨：将配合料经球磨机球磨1h，混合均匀，过200目筛；
3.成型：将筛后的粉料放入铺有耐火度1260℃硅酸铝纸的模具中，铺平压实得到坯体；
4.烧制：将模具送入烧结炉内，自室温以10℃/min升温速率升温300℃，保温60min；再以5℃/min升温速率升温至800℃，保温50min，随后以4℃/min升温至1050℃，保温50min，之后随炉冷却至室温。
实施例2
本实施例的绿色多孔建材，包括以下质量百分数计的原料：抛光砖泥65％、珍珠岩11％、滑石4.2％、钾长石5％、钠长石6％、膨润土7％、碳化硅微粉0.3％、方解石1.5％。
本实施例的抛光砖泥制备泡沫陶瓷制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1.混料：将抛光砖泥、珍珠岩、滑石、钾长石、钠长石、膨润土、碳化硅、方解石按总重100kg质量百分比称取配合料；
2.粉磨：将配合料经球磨机球磨1h，混合均匀，过200目筛；
3.成型：将筛后的粉料放入铺有耐火度1260℃硅酸铝纸的模具中，铺平压实得到坯体；
4.烧制：将模具送入烧结炉内，自室温以12℃/min升温速率升温至370℃，保温50min；再以6℃/min升温速率升温至840℃，保温40min，随后以3℃/min升温至1065℃，保温40min，之后随炉冷却至室温。
实施例3
本实施例的绿色多孔建材，包括以下质量百分数计的原料：抛光砖泥70％、珍珠岩8％、滑石3.8％、钾长石3％、钠长石4％、膨润土9％、碳化硅微粉0.2％、方解石2％。
本实施例的抛光砖泥制备泡沫陶瓷制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1.混料：将抛光砖泥、珍珠岩、滑石、钾长石、钠长石、膨润土、碳化硅、方解石按总重100kg质量百分比称取配合料；
2.粉磨：将配合料经球磨机球磨1h，混合均匀，过200目筛；
3.成型：将筛后的粉料放入铺有耐火度1260℃硅酸铝纸的模具中，铺平压实得到坯体；
4.烧制：将模具送入烧结炉内，自室温以14℃/min升温速率升温450℃，保温40min；再以8℃/min升温速率升温至860℃，保温30min，随后以2℃/min升温至1080℃，保温30min，之后随炉冷却至室温。
实施例4
本实施例的绿色多孔建材，包括以下质量百分数计的原料：抛光砖泥75％、珍珠岩5％、滑石1.9％、钾长石2％、钠长石3％、膨润土10％、碳化硅微粉0.1％、方解石3％。
本实施例的抛光砖泥制备泡沫陶瓷制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1.混料：将抛光砖泥、珍珠岩、滑石、钾长石、钠长石、膨润土、碳化硅、方解石按质量百分比称取配合料；
2.粉磨：将配合料经球磨机内球磨1h，混合均匀，过200目筛；
3.成型：将筛后的粉料放入铺有耐火度1260℃硅酸铝纸的模具中，铺平压实得到坯体；
4.烧制：将模具送入烧结炉内，自室温以16℃/min升温速率升温500℃，保温30min；再以10℃/min升温速率升温至900℃，保温20min，随后以1℃/min升温至1100℃，保温20min，之后随炉冷却至室温。
对上述实施例中制备的绿色多孔建材与市售的多孔建材进行性能测试，结果参见表1：
实施例 密度(kg/m<sup>3</sup>) 抗压强度(MPa) 导热系数W/(m﹒k)
1 730 9 0.062
2 625 7.1 0.058
3 560 5.5 0.049
4 420 4 0.044
经表1和附图中产品的气孔结构图可以看出实施例1-4中制备的多孔建材体积密度在420-730kg/cm3,抗压强度4-9Mpa,平均泡径0.1-0.5mm，产品力学性能指标优异，气泡分布均匀，可以应用于墙体保温材料。
以上对本发明的实施例进行了详细说明，但所述内容仅为本发明的较佳实施例，不能被认为用于限定本发明的实施范围。凡依本发明申请范围所作的均等变化与改进等，均应仍归属于本发明的专利涵盖范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种以抛光砖泥为原料的绿色多孔建材，其特征在于，其制备所需原料各组分的质量百分比为：抛光砖泥60-75％，珍珠岩5-15％，滑石1.9-5.6％，膨润土5-10％，钠长石3-7％，钾长石2-6％，方解石1-3％，碳化硅微粉0.1-0.4％。
2.一种以抛光砖泥为原料的绿色多孔建材的制备方法，其步骤为：
S1.按制备所需原料的各组分质量百分比称取抛光砖泥、珍珠岩、滑石、钠长石、钾长石、膨润土、方解石、碳化硅微粉，获得配合料；
S2.将配合料经球磨机球磨1h，混合均匀，过200目筛；
S3：将筛后的粉料放入铺有耐火度1260℃硅酸铝纸的模具中，铺平压实得到坯体；
S4：将模具送入烧结炉内，按设定的升温曲线，制备得到绿色多孔建材。
3.根据权利要求2所述的以抛光砖泥为原料的绿色多孔建材的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的S4步骤中设定的升温曲线为：自室温以10-15℃/min升温速率升温至300-500℃，保温30-60min；再以5-10℃/min升温速率升温至800-900℃，保温20-50min；再以1-4℃/min升温速率升温至1050-1100℃，保温20min-50min，之后随炉冷却至室温。
4.根据权利要求1所述的以抛光砖泥为原料的绿色多孔建材，其特征在于，其制备所需原料各组分的质量百分比为：抛光砖泥60％、珍珠岩15％、滑石5.6％、钾长石6％、钠长石7％、膨润土5％、碳化硅微粉0.4％、方解石1％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的以抛光砖泥为原料的绿色多孔建材的制备方法，其特征在于，以抛光砖泥制备泡沫陶瓷制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)混料：将抛光砖泥、珍珠岩、滑石、钾长石、钠长石、膨润土、碳化硅、方解石按总重100kg质量百分比称取配合料；
(2)粉磨：将配合料经球磨机球磨1h，混合均匀，过200目筛；
(3)成型：将筛后的粉料放入铺有耐火度1260℃硅酸铝纸的模具中，铺平压实得到坯体；
(4)烧制：将模具送入烧结炉内，自室温以10℃/min升温速率升温300℃，保温60min；再以5℃/min升温速率升温至800℃，保温50min，随后以4℃/min升温至1050℃，保温50min，之后随炉冷却至室温。
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