CN112644555A - Circular ring type HALBACH magnetic braking device and high-speed train - Google Patents
Circular ring type HALBACH magnetic braking device and high-speed train Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112644555A CN112644555A CN201910956302.9A CN201910956302A CN112644555A CN 112644555 A CN112644555 A CN 112644555A CN 201910956302 A CN201910956302 A CN 201910956302A CN 112644555 A CN112644555 A CN 112644555A
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- Prior art keywords
- halbach array
- magnet
- array magnet
- shaped
- circular ring
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
- B61H7/00—Brakes with braking members co-operating with the track
- B61H7/02—Scotch blocks, skids, or like track-engaging shoes
- B61H7/04—Scotch blocks, skids, or like track-engaging shoes attached to railway vehicles
- B61H7/06—Skids
- B61H7/08—Skids electromagnetically operated
- B61H7/083—Skids electromagnetically operated working with eddy currents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
- B60L7/18—Controlling the braking effect
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/28—Eddy-current braking
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, and discloses a circular HALBACH magnetic braking device and a high-speed train. The device comprises a vehicle-mounted component and a track beam component, wherein the vehicle-mounted component comprises a circular ring-shaped HALBACH array magnet and a rotary bearing, the rotary bearing is arranged in the center of the circular ring-shaped HALBACH array magnet, the circular ring-shaped HALBACH array magnet is arranged on two sides of the lower surface of a vehicle body through respective rotary bearings, the track beam component comprises an induction unit, the induction unit is arranged on the track beam corresponding to a magnetism gathering area of the circular ring-shaped HALBACH array magnet, and the circular ring-shaped HALBACH array magnet generates a traveling magnetic field along the running direction and simultaneously rotates to generate a rotating magnetic field due to the reaction force generated by the induction unit on the induction unit, so that the induction potential generated by the induction unit cutting a magnetic induction line is increased to realize braking. Therefore, the braking of the train is realized, and the heating degree of the ground sensing unit is also reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a circular HALBACH magnetic braking device and a high-speed train.
Background
With the desire of society and mankind to increase the speed of the transportation industry, the increasing speed of high speed trains not only places demands on propulsion/traction systems, but also places higher demands on smooth and safe braking. At present, the braking modes of the rail train mainly comprise a mechanical type, a traction eddy current disc type, a linear eddy current magnetic braking type and the like. The mechanical braking mode mainly brakes by means of friction of mechanical parts such as a track, a train wheel track and the like, and a brake is greatly damaged by single braking and needs to be maintained frequently or brake parts need to be replaced; the traction eddy current disc type is characterized in that a complex transmission device is utilized, a disc type conductive induction plate in a magnetic field is driven in the braking process, energy conversion is carried out by forming eddy currents on the induction plate, and the braking effect is limited by the transmission capacity and the temperature rise limit of the induction plate.
The development of direct drive technology makes the linear eddy current magnetic braking mode become the mainstream trend in the current rail transit, and particularly when the linear eddy current magnetic braking mode is applied to a magnetic suspension train, an eddy current braking main magnetic field can be established by utilizing a vehicle-mounted magnet. However, in this braking mode, only the kinetic energy of the moving body is converted into the heat energy on the braking induction plate to be dissipated, so that the requirement on the latent heat of the ground induction plate is provided, and especially in a vacuum pipeline train running at a high speed, the dissipation of the heat in the vacuum brings extra design difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a circular HALBACH magnetic braking device and a high-speed train, which can solve the problem of difficult heat discharge in the prior art.
The invention provides a circular HALBACH magnetic braking device, which comprises a vehicle-mounted component and a track beam component, wherein the vehicle-mounted component comprises a circular HALBACH array magnet and a rotary bearing, the rotary bearing is arranged in the center of the circular HALBACH array magnet, the circular HALBACH array magnet is arranged on two sides of the lower surface of a vehicle body through respective rotary bearings, the track beam component comprises an induction unit, the induction unit is arranged on the track beam corresponding to a magnetism gathering area of the circular HALBACH array magnet, the circular HALBACH array magnet generates a traveling magnetic field along the running direction, and simultaneously rotates to generate a rotating magnetic field due to the reaction force generated by the induction unit on the track beam, so that the induction potential generated by the induction unit cutting a magnetic induction line is increased to realize braking.
Preferably, the torus-shaped HALBACH array magnet comprises a plurality of fan-shaped single magnets.
Preferably, the fan-shaped single magnet is a permanent magnet, a superconducting magnet or an electromagnet.
Preferably, the vehicle-mounted component further comprises a protective sleeve disposed outside the toroidal HALBACH array magnet.
Preferably, the material of the protective sleeve and the rotary bearing is titanium alloy or aluminum alloy.
Preferably, the sensing unit is a metal conductive plate or a metal conductive coil.
Preferably, the material of the sensing unit is a high conductivity material.
Preferably, the high conductivity material is copper or aluminum.
Preferably, the device further comprises a load connected with the rotary bearing, and the kinetic energy of the rotation of the ring-shaped HALBACH array magnet is connected with the load through the rotary bearing to perform power generation braking.
The invention also provides a high-speed train, which comprises the circular HALBACH magnetic braking device.
Through the technical scheme, the annular HALBACH array magnets can be arranged on two sides of the lower surface of the train body through the rotating bearing, and when the annular HALBACH array magnets act with the ground (track) sensing unit, a part of kinetic energy is converted into the self-rotating kinetic energy, so that the conversion form of the kinetic energy of the high-speed train is accelerated, the braking of the train is realized, and the heating degree of the ground sensing unit is also reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a circular HALBACH magnetic braking device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a torus-type HALBACH array magnet in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
3A-3B illustrate a schematic view of a fan shaped single magnet in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic deployment diagram of a torus-type HALBACH array magnet, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a circular ring type HALBACH magnetic braking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a circular ring type HALBACH magnetic braking device, wherein the device comprises a vehicle-mounted component and a track beam component, the vehicle-mounted component comprises a ring-shaped HALBACH array magnet 1 and a rotary bearing 2, the rotary bearings 2 are arranged at the center of the circular ring type HALBACH array magnet 1, the circular ring type HALBACH array magnet 1 is arranged on both sides of the lower surface of the vehicle body 3 through the respective rotary bearings 2, the track beam component comprises a sensing unit (metal brake sensing unit) 4 which is arranged on a track beam 5 corresponding to the magnetism gathering area of the ring-shaped HALBACH array magnet 1 (for example, arranged on the bottom surface of the track beam and attached to the bottom surface of the track beam), and the ring-shaped HALBACH array magnet 1 generates a traveling magnetic field along the running direction, meanwhile, the induction unit 4 rotates to generate a rotating magnetic field due to the reaction force generated by the induction unit 4, so that the induction potential generated by the induction unit 4 cutting the magnetic induction lines is increased to realize braking.
For example, the vehicle-mounted component may include a set of (two) ring-shaped HALBACH array magnets and (two) rotation bearings, and the ring-shaped HALBACH array magnets may be symmetrically disposed on the lower surface of the vehicle body 3 through the corresponding rotation bearings (i.e., one ring-shaped HALBACH array magnet may be coupled to the vehicle body through one rotation bearing), as shown in fig. 1.
Through the technical scheme, the annular HALBACH array magnets can be arranged on the two sides of the lower surface of the train body through the rotating bearing, and when the annular HALBACH array magnets act with the ground track sensing unit, a part of kinetic energy is converted into the self-rotating kinetic energy, so that the conversion form of the kinetic energy of the high-speed train is accelerated, the braking of the train is realized, and the heating degree of the ground sensing unit is also reduced.
Namely, the high-speed kinetic energy of the vehicle body can be converted into the corresponding heat energy of the metal brake sensing unit, and the heat energy is dissipated and removed. The principle of generating the induced eddy current on the metal brake induction unit is that metal cuts a magnetic induction line in a changing magnetic field to generate an induced potential, and current can be formed in a closed loop. The faster the magnetic field changes, the greater the induced potential generated, the stronger the eddy currents generated and the stronger the corresponding magnetic braking force. In the invention, in the running direction, the circular ring type HALBACH array magnet generates a traveling wave magnetic field, and simultaneously, the circular ring type HALBACH array magnet can rotate due to the reaction force generated by the metal brake induction unit to generate a rotating magnetic field to accelerate the frequency of the change of the magnetic field.
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a torus-type HALBACH array magnet in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3A-3B show schematic views of a fan-shaped single magnet in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3A and 3B show different magnetic flux directions of the fan-shaped single magnet, respectively.
According to an embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 2, the torus-shaped HALBACH array magnet 1 may comprise a plurality of fan-shaped single magnets.
That is, the torus-type HALBACH array magnet 1 may be spliced into a circle by a plurality of fan-shaped single magnets.
The magnetic field direction of each fan-shaped single magnet is shown in fig. 2, wherein "·" is out of the vertical paper and "x" is in the vertical paper.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the fan-shaped single magnet is a permanent magnet, a superconducting magnet or an electromagnet.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above description of the fan-shaped single magnet is only exemplary, not limiting and the present invention can be applied to any magnet capable of generating a magnetic field.
FIG. 4 shows a schematic deployment diagram of a torus-type HALBACH array magnet, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The circular ring-type HALBACH array magnet shown in FIG. 2 is cut along the radial direction and unfolded to obtain the schematic diagram of the linear HALBACH magnet shown in FIG. 4, and the upper and lower areas of the magnet can be divided into magnetic convergence areas and weak magnetic areas according to the direction of the illustrated magnetic field.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the illustration of FIG. 4 is only one of the simplest HALBACH magnet field designs, and that all structures that can be derived from a HALBACH arrangement are applicable to the present invention.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the vehicle part further comprises a protective sleeve arranged outside the torus-shaped HALBACH array magnet 1.
That is, the ring-type HALBACH array magnet may be integrally encapsulated by providing a protective sleeve to protect it.
For example, the rotary bearing is connected to a protective sleeve outside the magnet of a toroidal HALBACH array by a mechanical connection.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the material of the protective sleeve and the rotary bearing 2 is a titanium alloy or an aluminum alloy.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above description of the materials for the protective sleeve and the slew bearing are exemplary only and not intended to limit the present invention, and that other non-magnetically permeable high strength materials may be used as the materials for the protective sleeve and the slew bearing.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sensing unit 4 is a metal conductive plate or a metal conductive coil.
The (cross-sectional) thickness or the number of coil turns of the metal conductive plate or the metal conductive coil may be set according to actual conditions (e.g., different braking targets), which is not limited by the present invention.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the material of the sensing unit 4 is a high conductivity material.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the high conductivity material is copper or aluminum.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above description of high conductivity materials is merely exemplary and not intended to limit the present invention, and that other high conductivity materials may be used with the present invention.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the device further comprises a load, the load is connected with the rotating bearing 2, and the kinetic energy of the rotation of the ring-shaped HALBACH array magnet 1 is connected with the load through the rotating bearing 2 to perform power generation braking.
That is, the kinetic energy of the vehicle body at high speed can be converted into the kinetic energy of the self-rotation of the ring-type HALBACH array magnet. The rotational kinetic energy can be connected with a load through the central rotating bearing to perform power generation and braking, so that the braking efficiency is further improved, and meanwhile, a part of electric energy can be provided for vehicle-mounted equipment.
Thus, the kinetic energy of the magnet rotation can not only improve the braking efficiency, but also recover energy as a prime mover of the generator.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a high-speed train, which comprises the circular ring type HALBACH magnetic braking device in the embodiment.
It can be seen from the foregoing embodiments that the braking apparatus according to the foregoing embodiments of the present invention can efficiently implement braking of a train, and the ground sensing unit is not damaged due to an excessively high temperature, and at the same time, braking energy can be dissipated or recovered by a method other than heat energy.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and in the case of not making a reverse description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A circular ring type HALBACH magnetic braking device is characterized by comprising a vehicle-mounted component and a track beam component, the vehicle-mounted component comprises a ring-shaped HALBACH array magnet (1) and a rotary bearing (2), the rotating bearing (2) is arranged at the center of the circular ring type HALBACH array magnet (1), the ring-shaped HALBACH array magnet (1) is arranged on both sides of the lower surface of the vehicle body (3) through respective rotating bearings (2), the track beam component comprises an induction unit (4) which is arranged on a track beam (5) corresponding to the magnetism gathering area of the ring-shaped HALBACH array magnet (1), the ring-shaped HALBACH array magnet (1) generates a traveling wave magnetic field along the running direction, at the same time, the reaction force generated by the induction unit (4) rotates to generate a rotating magnetic field, the induction potential generated by cutting the magnetic induction lines by the induction unit (4) is increased to realize braking.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said toroidal HALBACH array magnet (1) comprises a plurality of sector-shaped single magnets.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the fan-shaped single magnet is a permanent magnet, a superconducting magnet, or an electromagnet.
4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said onboard part further comprises a protective sleeve, arranged outside said toroidal HALBACH array magnet (1).
5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the material of the protective sleeve and the rotary bearing (2) is a titanium alloy or an aluminium alloy.
6. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensing unit (4) is a metal conducting plate or a metal conducting coil.
7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the material of the sensing unit (4) is a high conductivity material.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the high conductivity material is copper or aluminum.
9. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a load connected to the rotary bearing (2), wherein the kinetic energy of the rotation of the torus-shaped HALBACH array magnet (1) is connected to the load through the rotary bearing (2) for electric braking.
10. A high speed train comprising a toroidal HALBACH magnetic brake device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910956302.9A CN112644555B (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2019-10-10 | Circular ring type HALBACH magnetic braking device and high-speed train |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910956302.9A CN112644555B (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2019-10-10 | Circular ring type HALBACH magnetic braking device and high-speed train |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112644555A true CN112644555A (en) | 2021-04-13 |
| CN112644555B CN112644555B (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910956302.9A Active CN112644555B (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2019-10-10 | Circular ring type HALBACH magnetic braking device and high-speed train |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114834255A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-08-02 | 西南交通大学 | Eddy current braking device and braking method thereof |
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| CN112644555B (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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