CN112643522B - Five-axis linkage numerical control polishing machine - Google Patents

Five-axis linkage numerical control polishing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112643522B
CN112643522B CN202011634215.0A CN202011634215A CN112643522B CN 112643522 B CN112643522 B CN 112643522B CN 202011634215 A CN202011634215 A CN 202011634215A CN 112643522 B CN112643522 B CN 112643522B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
shaft
axis
swinging
frame
main shaft
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CN202011634215.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112643522A (en
Inventor
邓中华
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Changsha Aeronautical Vocational and Technical College
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Changsha Aeronautical Vocational and Technical College
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Application filed by Changsha Aeronautical Vocational and Technical College filed Critical Changsha Aeronautical Vocational and Technical College
Priority to CN202011634215.0A priority Critical patent/CN112643522B/en
Publication of CN112643522A publication Critical patent/CN112643522A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN112643522B publication Critical patent/CN112643522B/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B29/00—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents
    • B24B29/02—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
    • B24B41/02—Frames; Beds; Carriages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
    • B24B41/04—Headstocks; Working-spindles; Features relating thereto
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
    • B24B47/10—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces
    • B24B47/12—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces by mechanical gearing or electric power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B57/00—Devices for feeding, applying, grading or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B57/00—Devices for feeding, applying, grading or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents
    • B24B57/02—Devices for feeding, applying, grading or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents for feeding of fluid, sprayed, pulverised, or liquefied grinding, polishing or lapping agents

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a five-axis linkage numerical control polishing machine which comprises a rack, wherein a Y-axis translation assembly is arranged on the rack, an X-axis translation assembly is arranged on the Y-axis translation assembly, and a swinging and rotating assembly is arranged on the X-axis translation assembly; the swinging and rotating assembly is driven to do reciprocating motion along the Y axis by the Y-axis translation assembly; the swinging and rotating assembly is driven to do reciprocating motion along the X axis by the X axis translation assembly; the swing driving device drives the swing and rotating single body arranged on the swing bracket to swing; the workpiece rotating driving device drives the workpiece rotating shaft on the swinging and rotating single body to rotate; the workpiece can easily move in the directions of the Y axis and the X axis, swing with the rotation center of the swing shaft as the axis and self-rotation, and the polishing processing of the plane and the cambered surface of the workpiece can be easily realized by matching with the rotation and the lifting of the spline shaft.

Description

Five-axis linkage numerical control polishing machine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polishing equipment, in particular to a five-axis linkage numerical control polishing machine.
Background
With the development of communication technology, smart phones, tablet computers and the like are becoming more and more popular, smart phones are developing towards high quality, the high quality includes not only hardware configuration of the mobile phone, but also aesthetic degree of appearance, texture, hand feeling and the like, the mobile phone shell is basically metal or glass at present, because the metal shell can shield signals, two plastic edges are required to be added when the metal shell is adopted, the machine body can generate a split feeling to influence the appearance, and the glass shell basically cannot block the signals, so that the shell can be made into a whole, because the glass has a feeling of being moist like jade, the glass shell is more beautiful, and the grade and the texture of the mobile phone can be improved, and glass can also carry out glare treatment, and in addition, a glass shell, especially a glass rear shell is adopted, and a display screen can be arranged on the back of the mobile phone, so that the functional application of the mobile phone is expanded.
However, in order to make the mobile phones more beautiful in shape and better in hand feeling, many mobile phones have to be designed with a large arc surface for transition, especially on the back of the mobile phone, the edge of the mobile phone back case is designed into an arc shape directly, but the arc-shaped case has a high difficulty in processing, low manual processing efficiency, difficult quality control and easy damage to the case, and thus, some people have invented an automatic polishing machine for polishing the case.
The patent document with the application number of 201620084673.4 and the granted publication date of 2016.09.21 discloses a five-axis linkage 3D numerical control polishing device, wherein a grinding head of the device is driven by electric power to rotate, the grinding head is assembled on a roll-over stand driven by a first motor to rotate, the roll-over stand and the first motor are assembled on a lifting frame, and the grinding head has the characteristic of curved surface deflection under the control of working software; the workbench matched with the grinding head for polishing operation is positioned below the grinding head and can do horizontal and longitudinal plane movement relative to the grinding head, and a rotary jig is assembled on the workbench. The invention replaces manual work with mechanical polishing, can maintain the grinding quality of the mobile phone shell to be above a preset level regardless of the proficiency of operators, can shorten the time required by surface treatment, can realize 3D curved surface polishing by matching with a computer system and the like, and can realize the exchange work of different grinding heads by utilizing the turnover frame, thereby reducing the time for exchanging the grinding heads, leading the processing to be continuously carried out and improving the working efficiency.
However, when the polishing device polishes the cambered surface of a workpiece, the grinding head needs to deflect through the roll-over stand which is arranged on the lifting frame, and in the scheme, the bracket for mounting the roll-over stand is of a cantilever structure, the scheme is only suitable for machines provided with a small number of polishing stations, and once the number of polishing stations is increased, the number of spindle motors needs to be increased, so that the weight of the roll-over stand is increased, the bracket for mounting the roll-over stand bears large moment, the bracket for mounting the roll-over stand is easy to deform, and the machining precision is influenced; in addition, if too many spindle motors are arranged on one roll-over stand, the transverse size of the machine is large, and the manufacturing cost is increased; in addition, after the weight of the roll-over stand is increased, the rated power of the first motor needs to be increased, namely, the first motor with a larger model is needed, so that the bracket for mounting the roll-over stand is easy to deform; after the weight of the roll-over stand is increased, when the first motor drives the roll-over stand to rotate, the inertia of the roll-over stand is large, the positioning precision of the roll-over stand is difficult to ensure, and the processing precision is poor; in addition, due to the design of the deflection grinding head, the grinding head can throw polishing liquid upwards when rotating, the polishing liquid is easily thrown out of the machine, the working environment is influenced, and the collection of the polishing liquid is not facilitated.
In addition, the spindle motor which provides the grinding head with the rotating power directly drives the grinding head to rotate, the spindle motor is in a high-humidity working environment and even can be contaminated by polishing liquid during working, and therefore the spindle motor is easy to damage, maintenance cost is high, processing time is delayed, and processing efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a five-axis linkage numerical control polishing machine, which is suitable for setting a plurality of processing stations and can effectively solve the problems of low processing efficiency and poor processing precision of the polishing machine in the prior art; the problem that a driving device for driving the workpiece to rotate and swing is easy to damage can be solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a five-axis linkage numerical control polishing machine comprises a rack, wherein a Y-axis translation assembly is arranged on the rack, an X-axis translation assembly is arranged on the Y-axis translation assembly, a swinging and rotating assembly is arranged on the X-axis translation assembly, the swinging and rotating assembly comprises a swinging bracket arranged on the X-axis translation assembly, and more than one swinging and rotating mechanism is rotatably arranged on the swinging bracket;
the swinging and rotating mechanism comprises more than one swinging and rotating single body, the swinging and rotating single body comprises a base body, a workpiece rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the top of the base body, a workpiece clamp is arranged on the workpiece rotating shaft, a workpiece rotating transmission device for transmitting power to the workpiece rotating shaft is arranged on the base body, and the workpiece rotating transmission device comprises a transmission input shaft; a workpiece rotation driving device for driving the workpiece rotation transmission device to operate is arranged outside the swing bracket; the seat body is also provided with a swinging device for driving the seat body to rotate, the swinging device comprises a swinging shaft, the swinging shaft and the transmission input shaft are coaxially arranged, and a swinging driving device for driving the swinging shaft to rotate is arranged outside the swinging support;
the main shaft mechanism comprises a rotary ball spline arranged on the main shaft support, and the rotary ball spline comprises a flange outer ring, a spline outer barrel and a spline shaft; more than one sliding device parallel to the spline shaft is arranged on the main shaft bracket, a sliding block is arranged on the sliding device in a sliding manner, the top of the spline shaft is rotatably connected with the sliding block, an installation plate is fixedly arranged on the top of the sliding device, a lifting driving device is arranged on the installation plate, and the lifting driving device drives the sliding block to move along the sliding device; a main shaft rotation driving device for driving the spline outer cylinder to rotate is arranged on the main shaft bracket; a polishing head assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the spline shaft;
the five-axis linkage numerical control polishing machine further comprises a polishing solution circulating system, the polishing solution circulating system comprises an upper water receiving tank arranged at the bottom of the swing support, a liquid storage tank is arranged on the rack and below the upper water receiving tank, a water outlet of the upper water receiving tank is communicated with the liquid storage tank, and a water pump for providing polishing solution for the polishing head assembly is arranged on the liquid storage tank.
In the structure, the Y-axis translation assembly drives the swinging and rotating assembly to do reciprocating motion along the Y axis; the X-axis translation assembly drives the swinging and rotating assembly to do reciprocating motion along the X axis; the swing driving device drives the swing and rotating single body arranged on the swing bracket to swing; the workpiece rotating driving device drives the workpiece rotating shaft on the swinging and rotating single body to rotate; the polishing head assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the spline shaft, the lifting driving device drives the spline shaft to lift, the main shaft rotation driving device drives the spline outer barrel to rotate, the spline outer barrel drives the spline shaft to rotate, and the swinging and rotating single body is matched to process a workpiece; the main shaft mechanism does not make deflection motion, and polishing liquid used in polishing cannot be thrown upwards by the main shaft mechanism; the swinging and rotating single body which enables the workpiece to swing and rotate is arranged on the swinging support, the swinging support is arranged on the X-axis translation assembly, the X-axis translation assembly is also arranged on the Y-axis translation assembly, and the Y-axis translation assembly is directly arranged on the rack; according to the arrangement, the swing bracket can bear larger load, and a plurality of polishing stations are arranged conveniently, so that the processing efficiency is improved; in addition, the swing driving device and the workpiece rotation driving device are both arranged outside the swing bracket and are not positioned in the polishing operation area, so that the swing driving device and the workpiece rotation driving device can effectively avoid the corrosion of polishing solution and prevent the polishing solution from being damaged, thereby indirectly saving the maintenance cost and improving the processing efficiency; the polishing solution circulating system can continuously provide polishing solution for the polishing head assembly, so that polishing operation is smoothly carried out, and the polishing solution circulating system can recycle the polishing solution, thereby saving the processing cost.
Furthermore, the seat body comprises a left bearing seat plate, a right bearing seat plate, an upper bearing seat plate and a lower bearing seat plate, the left bearing seat plate, the upper bearing seat plate, the right bearing seat plate and the lower bearing seat plate are sequentially connected to form a rectangular frame, a workpiece rotating shaft is arranged on the upper bearing seat plate, one end of the workpiece rotating shaft extends out of the upper bearing seat plate, and a workpiece clamp is arranged at one end of the workpiece rotating shaft extending out of the upper bearing seat plate;
the workpiece rotation transmission device also comprises a transmission output shaft, the transmission output shaft is arranged in parallel with the workpiece rotation shaft, one end of the transmission output shaft is arranged on the upper bearing seat plate through a bearing, the other end of the transmission output shaft is arranged on the lower bearing seat plate through a bearing, a driven gear is arranged at one end of the workpiece rotation shaft positioned in the seat body, a driving gear meshed with the driven gear is arranged on the transmission output shaft, and a workpiece rotation worm wheel is also arranged on the transmission output shaft; the transmission input shaft is a workpiece rotating worm, two ends of the workpiece rotating worm are respectively fixed on the left bearing seat plate and the right bearing seat plate through bearings, and the workpiece rotating worm is meshed with the workpiece rotating worm wheel;
the workpiece rotation driving device comprises a driven inner transmission shaft which is rotatably arranged on the swinging support, the driven inner transmission shaft and the workpiece rotating worm are coaxially arranged, one end of the driven inner transmission shaft is connected with the workpiece rotating worm through a coupler, the other end of the driven inner transmission shaft extends out of the swinging support, a driven bevel gear is arranged at one end of the driven inner transmission shaft, which extends out of the swinging support, a driving outer transmission shaft is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the swinging support, and a driving bevel gear meshed with the driven bevel gear is arranged on the driving outer transmission shaft; a rotary driving motor for driving the driving outer transmission shaft to rotate is also arranged on the swinging bracket;
one end of the swinging shaft is connected with the base body, the other end of the swinging shaft is rotatably arranged on the swinging bracket and extends out of the swinging bracket, one end of the swinging shaft extending out of the swinging bracket is provided with a swinging worm wheel, and the swinging bracket is provided with a swinging worm meshed with the swinging worm wheel; and a swing driving motor for driving the swing worm to rotate is also arranged on the swing bracket.
The design of the seat body structure is convenient for processing and assembling each seat plate, and the seat body of the structure is convenient for arranging a workpiece rotating shaft, a workpiece rotating transmission device and a swinging shaft on the seat body; the workpiece rotation transmission device adopts a worm and gear structure, the worm and gear structure can convert the power in the horizontal direction into the vertical direction, and then the workpiece rotation shaft is driven to rotate through the matching of the driving gear and the driven gear, the arrangement can enable the axis of the worm to be intersected with the axis of the workpiece rotation shaft, and then the intersection point of the axis of the worm and the axis of the workpiece rotation shaft is arranged at the center of the seat body, so that the balance and the stability of the seat body can be effectively ensured, in addition, the worm and gear transmission can obtain a large transmission ratio, the accurate swinging of the seat body is facilitated, the worm and gear mechanism also has self-locking performance, and the stability of the swinging is facilitated to be improved; the driven inner transmission shaft is arranged and is connected with the workpiece rotating worm through the coupler, so that the difficulty in processing the workpiece rotating worm can be reduced,
the workpiece rotation driving device can adopt a structure that a driving motor drives a bevel gear, and can also adopt a structure that the driving motor drives a worm gear, wherein the workpiece rotation driving device adopts a transmission structure of the worm gear, the transmission ratio of the worm gear structure is large, and if the transmission structure of the worm gear is adopted again, the comprehensive transmission ratio is large, so that the transmission efficiency is poor, and the control is inconvenient.
The swing device can adopt a structure that the drive motor drives the bevel gear and can also adopt a structure that the drive motor drives the worm gear, and the structure with large transmission ratio is selected to be beneficial to control because the swing device directly drives the base body to rotate.
Furthermore, the seat bodies of the adjacent swinging and rotating single bodies are connected through a connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft is of a hollow shaft structure; the adjacent workpiece rotating worms are connected through the couplers, the couplers between the adjacent seat bodies are positioned in the connecting shaft, the outer diameter of the couplers between the adjacent seat bodies is smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting shaft, the rotation of the workpiece rotating worms and the rotation of the connecting shaft do not interfere with each other, and the connecting shaft can also effectively protect the workpiece rotating worms and the bearings.
Furthermore, a bearing seat coaxial with the workpiece rotating shaft is arranged at the top of the upper bearing seat plate, a bearing is arranged in the bearing seat, an outer ring of the bearing is connected with the bearing seat, and an inner ring of the bearing is connected with the workpiece rotating shaft; the bottom of the workpiece clamp is provided with a waterproof cover for protecting the bearing, the waterproof cover is provided with a flange extending downwards, and the inner diameter of the flange is larger than the outer diameter of the bearing seat;
a waterproof shield assembly is arranged on the swing support and comprises a foldable organ cover, the horizontal cross section of the organ cover is consistent with the horizontal cross section of the swing support, and the bottom end of the organ cover is fixedly connected with the top end of the swing support; and an organ cover lifting driving device for driving the top end of the organ cover to lift is arranged on the swinging bracket.
In the structure, the bearing seat can be additionally provided with the bearing to prevent the workpiece rotating shaft from shaking, so that the workpiece rotating shaft is more stably arranged, and the processing precision is improved; the waterproof cover can prevent polishing liquid from entering the bearing, so that the service life of the bearing is prolonged; when the organ cover is lifted, the polishing liquid thrown out by the polishing head assembly can be prevented from splashing everywhere, the polishing liquid is prevented from corroding a machine, the polishing liquid is convenient to collect, and a good operation environment can be provided; when the workpiece needs to be taken or replaced, the organ cover is lowered through the organ cover lifting driving device, the operation is simple, and the practicability is good.
Furthermore, two sets of spindle mechanisms are in one group, and one spindle rotation driving device simultaneously drives the spline outer cylinders on the two sets of spindle mechanisms to rotate; the sliding device is of a guide pillar and guide sleeve structure, and the sliding block is connected with the guide sleeve; the lifting driving device is an air cylinder, a cylinder body of the air cylinder is connected with the mounting plate, and a piston rod of the air cylinder is connected with the sliding block.
Through the arrangement, one main shaft rotation driving device simultaneously drives the spline outer cylinders on the two sets of main shaft mechanisms to rotate, so that the use amount of the main shaft rotation driving device can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced; the sliding device is of a guide pillar and guide sleeve structure, and the lifting driving device selects an air cylinder, so that the device is simple in structure and reliable in operation.
Further, a main shaft base plate is arranged on the main shaft support, the flange outer ring is fixed on the main shaft base plate through a flange mounting plate, the flange mounting plate is arranged on the upper surface of the main shaft base plate, and the guide pillar is fixed on the flange mounting plate; a lower spindle fixing flange is arranged on the lower surface of the spindle substrate; the bottom of the spline outer barrel is provided with a bearing, the inner ring of the bearing is connected with the spline outer barrel, and the outer ring of the bearing is connected with a lower fixing flange of the main shaft; a driven synchronizing wheel is arranged at the top of the spline outer cylinder; the main shaft rotation driving device comprises a main shaft rotation driving motor, the main shaft rotation driving motor is fixed on the upper surface of a main shaft base plate through a main shaft rotation driving motor support, a driving synchronizing wheel is arranged on an output shaft of the main shaft rotation driving motor, and a synchronous belt is arranged between the driving synchronizing wheel and a driven synchronizing wheel.
The structure is provided with the main shaft base plate to facilitate the installation of the main shaft mechanism, the flange installation plate can ensure the reliable fixation of the flange outer ring, the main shaft lower fixing flange is arranged, and the rotary ball spline can be fixed from the upper part and the lower part of the main shaft base plate, so that the installation of the rotary ball spline is more stable, and the stability of the spline shaft during rotation can be improved; the transmission mode of the synchronous wheel and the synchronous belt is adopted, the mechanism is simple, and the transmission is accurate.
Further, the polishing head assembly comprises a polishing head mounting seat arranged at the bottom end of the spline shaft, and a polishing head is arranged on the polishing head mounting seat;
the polishing head assembly further comprises an upper main shaft connecting chuck, a lower main shaft connecting chuck and a water retaining disc, the upper main shaft connecting chuck is in threaded connection with the lower main shaft connecting chuck, the water retaining disc is clamped between the upper main shaft connecting chuck and the lower main shaft connecting chuck, the upper main shaft connecting chuck is connected with the spline shaft, and the polishing head mounting seat is arranged at the bottom of the lower main shaft connecting chuck.
Above structure, the rubbing head passes through the rubbing head mount pad to be installed on the integral key shaft, and the dismouting rubbing head of being convenient for sets up on the main shaft and in order to fix the manger plate dish when connecting the chuck under connection chuck and the main shaft, the manger plate dish can prevent to be thrown away by the rubbing head polishing solution contact integral key shaft, improves the life of integral key shaft.
The polishing solution circulating system further comprises a lower water receiving tank arranged on the frame and positioned between the upper water receiving tank and the liquid storage tank, a liquid guide device is arranged on the frame and positioned below a water outlet of the lower water receiving tank, the liquid guide device comprises a guide cylinder arranged at the top of the liquid storage tank, a water receiving hopper fixing plate is arranged on a piston rod of the guide cylinder, a polishing solution movable water receiving hopper and a cleaning solution movable water receiving hopper are arranged on the water receiving hopper fixing plate, and a wastewater receiving tank is arranged on the frame and positioned at a water outlet of the cleaning solution movable water receiving hopper; the integral key shaft is of a hollow structure, a rotary joint is arranged at the top end of the integral key shaft, and a water outlet of the water pump is connected with the rotary joint through a water pipe.
With the structure, the liquid guiding device can guide polishing liquid into the liquid storage tank when the polishing machine works normally, and the polishing liquid is recycled; when the swinging and rotating monomer is cleaned, the guide cylinder is started to move the cleaning liquid to move the movable water receiving hopper, so that the wastewater is guided into the wastewater receiving tank; after the rotary joint is arranged at the top end of the hollow spline shaft, polishing liquid pumped out by the water pump can directly reach the surface of a workpiece through the spline shaft.
Furthermore, the Y-axis translation assembly comprises more than two Y-axis slide rails which are arranged in parallel along the Y-axis direction of the rack, more than one Y-axis slide block is arranged on a single Y-axis slide rail, a Y-axis translation frame is arranged on the Y-axis slide block, a Y-axis lead screw parallel to the Y-axis slide rails is arranged on the rack, a Y-axis nut matched with the Y-axis lead screw is arranged on the Y-axis translation frame, and a Y-axis driving motor for driving the Y-axis lead screw to rotate is arranged on the rack;
the X-axis translation assembly comprises more than two X-axis slide rails which are arranged in parallel along the X-axis direction of the Y-axis translation frame, more than one X-axis slide block is arranged on a single X-axis slide rail, the swing support is arranged on the X-axis slide block, an X-axis lead screw parallel to the X-axis slide rail is arranged on the X-axis translation frame, an X-axis nut matched with the X-axis lead screw is arranged on the swing support, and an X-axis driving motor for driving the X-axis lead screw to rotate is arranged on the X-axis translation frame.
Through the arrangement, the translation assembly of the slide rail and slide block structure has a good sliding effect and a simple structure, is a universal structural member, and is low in manufacturing cost and convenient to maintain and replace; the transmission assembly of the screw rod nut structure has high transmission precision and high efficiency, and can realize precise displacement control by matching with a programmable control driving motor.
Furthermore, an integral shield assembly is arranged on the rack and comprises a left frame arranged on the left side of the rack; a right frame arranged on the right side of the frame; a rear frame disposed at the rear side of the frame for connecting the left frame and the right frame; a front frame arranged at the front side of the frame and used for connecting the left frame and the right frame; a top frame arranged on the top of the left frame, the right frame, the rear frame and the front frame; access doors are arranged on the left frame, the right frame and the rear frame; a folding door is arranged on the front frame; a transparent organic glass plate is arranged on the integral shield assembly except for the access door and the folding door; an indicator light is arranged on the top frame; a main box is arranged in the integral shield assembly; an operation control box component is arranged on the front frame.
With the structure, the integral shield assembly can effectively protect the precise parts of the machine and prevent external substances from influencing the machine; the integral shield assembly can isolate the noise generated by a machine and reduce the noise pollution of a workshop; the access door can facilitate the machine maintenance, and improve the maintenance efficiency; the folding door can effectively utilize space, and is convenient for taking workpieces; the transparent organic glass plate is arranged on the whole shield assembly except the access door and the folding door, so that the working condition of the machine can be observed conveniently, and the condition that the inside of the machine cannot be seen when an accident happens is prevented; the main box is electrically connected with all electric equipment of the machine and provides electric power for the electric equipment; the operation control box assembly is used for controlling the operation of all electric equipment of the machine.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the present invention with the unitary shield assembly removed;
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a Y-axis translation assembly and an X-axis translation assembly;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the oscillating and rotating mechanism;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the swing and rotate mechanism removing the waterproof shield assembly, the left side plate housing and the right side plate housing;
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the swing and rotate unit;
FIG. 8 is a top view of the oscillating and rotating mechanism;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of section A-A of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of section B-B of FIG. 8;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of the spindle housing and spindle mechanism;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the spindle housing and spindle mechanism from another perspective;
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the spindle mechanism;
FIG. 14 is a top view of the spindle mechanism;
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along plane C-C of FIG. 14;
FIG. 16 is an enlarged view at D of FIG. 15;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a polishing solution circulation system on a frame;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view showing a part of the structure of a polishing liquid circulation system;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the diverter assembly;
FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of the components on the fluid reservoir.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 20, a five-axis linkage numerical control polishing machine comprises a frame 1, in this embodiment, the cross section of the frame 1 along the horizontal direction is rectangular, and horizontal adjusting support casters 101 are arranged at four feet of the bottom of the frame 1.
The Y-axis translation component 2 is arranged on the rack 1, the Y-axis translation component 2 comprises more than two Y-axis slide rails which are arranged in parallel along the Y-axis direction of the rack 1, more than one Y-axis slide block is arranged on a single Y-axis slide rail, in the embodiment, the Y-axis translation component 2 comprises two Y-axis slide rails 21 which are arranged in parallel along the Y-axis direction of the rack 1, two Y-axis slide blocks 22 are arranged on the single Y-axis slide rail 21, a Y-axis translation frame 23 is arranged on the Y-axis slide blocks 22, a Y-axis screw rod 24 which is parallel to the Y-axis slide rails 21 is arranged on the rack 1, a Y-axis nut 25 which is matched with the Y-axis screw rod 24 is arranged on the Y-axis translation frame 23, a Y-axis driving motor 26 which drives the Y-axis screw rod 24 to rotate is arranged on the rack 1, in the embodiment, the Y-axis driving motor 26 is a servo motor, and a Y-axis organ protective cover 27 which protects the Y-axis translation component 2 is arranged on the rack 1, the Y-axis lead screw 24 is coupled to a Y-axis drive motor 26.
The Y-axis translation assembly 2 is provided with an X-axis translation assembly 3, the X-axis translation assembly 3 comprises more than two X-axis slide rails which are arranged in parallel along the X-axis direction of the Y-axis translation frame 23, the single X-axis slide rail is provided with more than one X-axis slide block, in the embodiment, the X-axis translation assembly 3 comprises two X-axis slide rails 31 which are arranged in parallel along the X-axis direction of the Y-axis translation frame 23, the single X-axis slide rail 31 is provided with three X-axis slide blocks 32, the X-axis slide block 32 is provided with a swinging and rotating assembly 4, the swinging and rotating assembly 4 comprises a swinging bracket 40 arranged on the X-axis slide block 32, the Y-axis translation frame 23 is provided with an X-axis screw 33 which is parallel to the X-axis slide rails 31, the bottom of the swinging bracket 40 is provided with an X-axis nut (not shown) which is matched with the X-axis screw 34, the Y-axis translation frame 23 is provided with an X-axis drive motor 34 which drives the X-axis screw 33 to rotate, in this embodiment, the X-axis driving motor 34 is a servo motor, and the X-axis lead screw 33 is connected to the X-axis driving motor 34 through a coupling.
The swing frame 40 is rotatably provided with one or more swing and rotation mechanisms. The swinging and rotating mechanism comprises more than one swinging and rotating single body 5, the swinging and rotating single body 5 comprises a base body 50, a workpiece rotating shaft 51 is rotatably arranged at the top of the base body 50, a workpiece clamp 52 driven by the workpiece rotating shaft 51 to rotate is arranged on the base body 50, a workpiece rotating transmission device 53 for transmitting power to the workpiece rotating shaft 51 is arranged on the base body 50, the workpiece rotating transmission device 53 comprises a transmission input shaft 531 and a transmission output shaft 532, and the transmission input shaft 531 is horizontally arranged; a workpiece rotation driving device for driving the workpiece rotation transmission device to operate is arranged outside the swing bracket 40; the seat body 50 is further provided with a swing device for driving the seat body 50 to rotate, the swing device comprises a swing shaft 551, the swing shaft 551 and the transmission input shaft 531 are coaxially arranged, one end of the swing shaft 551 is connected with the seat body 50, the other end of the swing shaft 551 is rotatably arranged on the swing bracket 40 and extends out of the swing bracket 40, and the swing device further comprises a swing driving device arranged outside the swing bracket 40 and used for driving the swing shaft 551 to rotate.
In this embodiment, the seat body 50 includes a left bearing seat plate 501, a right bearing seat plate 502, an upper bearing seat plate 503 and a lower bearing seat plate 504, the left bearing seat plate 501, the upper bearing seat plate 503, the right bearing seat plate 502 and the lower bearing seat plate 504 are sequentially connected to form a rectangular frame, the workpiece rotating shaft 51 is disposed on the upper bearing seat plate 503, one end of the workpiece rotating shaft 51 extends out of the upper bearing seat plate 503, the workpiece fixture 52 is disposed at one end of the workpiece rotating shaft 51 extending out of the upper bearing seat plate 503, a workpiece rotating shaft lower support plate 507 is disposed inside the seat body 50, and one end of the workpiece rotating shaft 51 located inside the seat body 50 is rotatably disposed on the workpiece rotating shaft lower support plate 507 through a bearing.
In this embodiment, the transmission output shaft 532 is disposed parallel to the workpiece rotation shaft 51, one end of the transmission output shaft 532 is disposed on the upper bearing seat plate 503 through a bearing, the other end of the transmission output shaft 532 is disposed on the lower bearing seat plate 504 through a bearing, a driven gear 511 is disposed at one end of the workpiece rotation shaft 51 located inside the seat body 50, a driving gear 5321 engaged with the driven gear 511 is disposed on the transmission output shaft 532, and a workpiece rotation worm gear 5322 is further disposed on the transmission output shaft 532; in this embodiment, the transmission input shaft 531 is a workpiece rotating worm, and two ends of the workpiece rotating worm are respectively fixed on the left bearing seat plate 501 and the right bearing seat plate 502 through bearings;
besides this transmission, there is another common transmission: the driven bevel gear is arranged at the bottom of the workpiece rotating shaft 51, the drive input shaft 531 is provided with a drive bevel gear, the driven bevel gear is meshed with the drive bevel gear, when the drive input shaft 531 rotates, the drive bevel gear can drive the driven bevel gear to rotate, and the workpiece fixture is driven to rotate through the workpiece rotating shaft 51.
The workpiece rotation driving device and the swing driving device may be configured such that the drive motor drives a worm gear, or may be configured such that the drive motor drives a bevel gear.
The workpiece rotation driving device comprises a driven inner transmission shaft 541 which is rotatably arranged on the swing bracket 40, the driven inner transmission shaft 541 and the workpiece rotation worm are coaxially arranged, one end of the driven inner transmission shaft 541 is connected with the workpiece rotation worm through a coupler, the other end of the driven inner transmission shaft 541 extends out of the swing bracket 40, one end of the driven inner transmission shaft 541 extending out of the swing bracket 40 is provided with a driven bevel gear 542, the outer wall of the swing bracket 40 is rotatably provided with a driving outer transmission shaft 543, and the driving outer transmission shaft 543 is provided with a driving bevel gear 544 meshed with the driven bevel gear 542; a rotary driving motor 545 for driving the driving external transmission shaft 543 to rotate is further provided on the swing bracket 40; the left outer cover 402 for protecting the workpiece rotation driving device is arranged on the swing bracket 40, a left oil receiving groove (not shown) is arranged at the bottom of the left outer cover 402, and the left outer cover 402 can prevent water vapor and harmful substances from corroding the workpiece rotation driving device, so that the precision of the workpiece rotation driving device is ensured.
The swing driving device comprises a swing worm gear 560 arranged at one end of the swing shaft 551 extending out of the swing bracket 40, and a swing worm 561 meshed with the swing worm gear 560 is arranged on the outer wall of the swing bracket 40; a swing driving motor 562 for driving the swing worm 561 to rotate is further arranged on the swing support 40, a right outer cover 403 for protecting the swing driving device is arranged on the swing support 40, a left oil receiving groove (not shown) is arranged at the bottom of the right outer cover 403, and the right outer cover 403 can prevent water vapor and harmful substances from corroding the swing driving device, so that the precision of the swing driving device is ensured.
A bearing seat 510 coaxial with the workpiece rotating shaft 51 is arranged at the top of the upper bearing seat plate 503, a bearing is arranged in the bearing seat 510, the outer ring of the bearing is connected with the bearing seat 510, and the inner ring of the bearing is connected with the workpiece rotating shaft 51; a water shield 520 for protecting the bearing is provided at the bottom of the work holder 52, the water shield 520 rotates together with the work holder 52, and the water shield 520 has a flange extending downward, and the inner diameter of the flange is larger than the outer diameter of the bearing housing 510.
A front cover 505 is arranged between the front part of the left bearing seat plate 501 and the front part of the right bearing seat plate 502; the top of the front cover 505 is fixedly connected with the upper bearing pedestal 503, and the bottom of the front cover 505 is fixedly connected with the lower bearing pedestal 504; a rear cover 506 is arranged between the rear part of the left bearing seat plate 501 and the rear part of the right bearing seat plate 502; the top of the rear cover 506 is fixedly connected with the upper bearing seat plate 503, and the bottom of the rear cover 506 is fixedly connected with the lower bearing seat plate 504, so that the strength of the seat body 50 can be effectively enhanced, the seat body 50 can be sealed, and transmission parts in the seat body 50 can be protected; a one-way thrust ball bearing (not shown) is provided between the workpiece rotating worm and the inner side of the left bearing seat plate 501; a one-way thrust ball bearing 508 is arranged between the workpiece rotating worm and the inner side of the right bearing seat plate 502, and the one-way thrust ball bearing 508 can compensate errors between the workpiece rotating worm and the bearing seat plate, so that the transmission precision is improved.
In this embodiment, three sets of swing and rotation mechanisms are rotatably disposed on the swing bracket 40, and the three sets of swing and rotation mechanisms are disposed in parallel; each group of swinging and rotating mechanism comprises six swinging and rotating single bodies, the seat bodies 50 of the adjacent swinging and rotating single bodies are connected through a connecting shaft 5111, and the connecting shaft 5111 is of a hollow shaft structure; the adjacent workpiece rotating worms are connected through a coupler, the coupler between the adjacent seat bodies 50 is positioned in the connecting shaft 5111, and the outer diameter of the coupler between the adjacent seat bodies 50 is smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting shaft 5111; in this embodiment, since six swinging and rotating units are provided, the six upper bearing seat plates 503 are replaced by an integral top bearing seat plate, which can effectively enhance the structural strength of the swinging and rotating mechanism.
A waterproof shield assembly is arranged on the swing bracket 40 and comprises a foldable organ cover 404, the horizontal cross section of the organ cover 404 is consistent with the horizontal cross section of the swing bracket 40, and the bottom end of the organ cover 404 is fixedly connected with the top end of the swing bracket 40; an organ cover lifting driving device for driving the top end of the organ cover 404 to lift is arranged on the swing bracket 40, in the embodiment, the organ cover lifting driving device is an organ cover lifting driving cylinder 405, and the number of the organ cover lifting driving cylinders 405 is four, and the organ cover lifting driving cylinders are oppositely arranged on two sides of the organ cover 404.
According to the scheme, a Y-axis driving motor 26 is started, a Y-axis screw rod 24 rotates to drive a Y-axis nut 25 and a Y-axis translation frame 23 to move together along a Y-axis sliding rail, and the Y-axis translation frame 23 can be controlled to reciprocate along the Y axis by positive and negative rotation of the Y-axis driving motor 26 under the control of a main box and an operation control box assembly; starting the X-axis driving motor 34, driving the X-axis nut and the swinging bracket 40 to move along the X-axis sliding rail together by the X-axis lead screw 34, and controlling the swinging bracket 40 to do reciprocating motion along the X-axis by the positive and negative rotation of the X-axis driving motor 34 under the control of the main box and the operation control box assembly; when a workpiece needs to rotate, the rotation driving motor 545 is only needed to be started, the driving bevel gear 544 drives the driven bevel gear 542 to rotate, the workpiece rotating worm is driven to rotate through the driven inner transmission shaft 541 and the coupler, the workpiece rotating worm rotates to drive the workpiece rotating worm gear 5322 to rotate, the driving gear 5321 is driven to rotate through the transmission output shaft 532, the driving gear 5321 drives the driven gear 511 to rotate, the workpiece rotating shaft 51 rotates along with the driven gear 511, the workpiece clamp 52 rotates, the workpiece to be machined is adsorbed on the workpiece clamp 52 through vacuum, and the workpiece can rotate along with the workpiece clamp 52; when a workpiece needs to swing, the swing driving motor 562 is started, the swing worm 561 rotates to drive the swing worm gear 560 to rotate, the swing worm gear 560 rotates to drive the swing shaft 551 to rotate, and the swing shaft 551 is fixedly connected with the base body 50, so the base body 50 can be driven by the swing driving motor 562 to rotate.
A main shaft support 6 is arranged on the frame 1, more than one main shaft mechanism 7 corresponding to the swinging and rotating single body 5 is arranged on the main shaft support 6, the main shaft mechanism 7 comprises a rotary ball spline 70 arranged on the main shaft support 6, and the rotary ball spline 70 comprises a flange outer ring 700, a spline outer cylinder 702 and a spline shaft 701; the rotary ball spline 70 is a mature prior art, and the specific structure thereof is not described in detail, more than one sliding device 71 parallel to the spline shaft 701 is arranged on the main shaft bracket 6, a sliding block 72 is arranged on the sliding device 71 in a sliding manner, the top of the spline shaft 701 is rotatably connected with the sliding block 72, an installation plate 74 is fixedly arranged on the top of the sliding device 71, a lifting driving device is arranged on the installation plate 74, and the lifting driving device drives the sliding block 72 to move along the sliding device 71; a main shaft rotation driving device 76 for driving the spline outer cylinder 702 to rotate is arranged on the main shaft support 6; a polishing head assembly 73 is provided at the bottom end of the spline shaft 701.
In this embodiment, a spindle base plate 60 is provided on the top of the spindle support 6, the spindle mechanism 7 is provided on the spindle base plate 60, two sets of spindle mechanisms are provided in one set, and one spindle rotation driving device 76 simultaneously drives the spline outer cylinders 702 on the two sets of spindle mechanisms to rotate.
In this embodiment, the sliding device 71 is a guide post and guide sleeve structure, the sliding device 71 includes a guide post 711 and a guide sleeve 712 matching with the guide post 711, in this embodiment, four vertically arranged guide posts 711 are used, a flange mounting plate 704 is arranged at the bottom of the guide post 711, the flange mounting plate 704 is fixed on the upper surface of the spindle base plate 60, a flange outer ring 700 of the rotary ball spline 70 is fixedly arranged on the flange mounting plate 704, and a lower spindle fixing flange 703 is arranged on the lower surface of the spindle base plate 60; a bearing is arranged at the bottom of the spline outer barrel 702, an inner ring of the bearing is connected with the spline outer barrel 702, and an outer ring of the bearing is connected with a lower fixing flange 703 of the main shaft; this arrangement fixes the rotary ball spline 70 from the top and bottom of the spindle base plate 60, makes the installation of the rotary ball spline 70 more stable, and improves the stability of the spline shaft 701 during rotation.
The sliding block 72 is connected with the guide sleeve 712, the top of the spline shaft 701 is connected with the sliding block 72 through a bearing, and the top of the spline shaft 701 extends out of the sliding block 72, in this embodiment, the spline shaft 701 is a hollow structure, a rotating joint 705 is arranged at the top end of the spline shaft 701, and a connecting frame 720 capable of accommodating the rotating joint 705 is arranged at the top of the sliding block 72; in this embodiment, the mounting plate 74 is fixed to the top end of the guide post 711, the lifting driving device is an air cylinder 75, the air cylinder 75 is disposed at the top of the mounting plate 74, the cylinder body of the air cylinder 75 is connected to the mounting plate 74, and the piston rod of the air cylinder 75 is connected to the connecting frame 720.
A driven synchronizing wheel 764 is arranged on the top of the spline outer cylinder 702; the spindle rotation driving device 76 includes a spindle rotation driving motor 761, in this embodiment, the spindle rotation driving motor 761 is a stepping motor, the spindle rotation driving motor 761 is fixed to the upper surface of the spindle base plate 60 by a spindle rotation driving motor support 760, a driving synchronizing wheel 762 is provided on an output shaft of the spindle rotation driving motor 761, and a timing belt 763 is provided between the driving synchronizing wheel 762 and the driven synchronizing wheel 764.
The polishing head assembly 73 includes a polishing head mounting seat 730 disposed at the bottom end of the spline shaft 701, and a polishing head 731 is disposed on the polishing head mounting seat 730, in this embodiment, the polishing head assembly 73 further includes an upper spindle connection chuck 732, a lower spindle connection chuck 733, and a water-blocking disk 734, the upper spindle connection chuck 732 and the lower spindle connection chuck 733 are connected by a thread, the water-blocking disk 734 is sandwiched between the upper spindle connection chuck 732 and the lower spindle connection chuck 733, the upper spindle connection chuck 732 is connected to the spline shaft 701, and the polishing head mounting seat 730 is disposed at the bottom of the lower spindle connection chuck 733.
With the structure, when a workpiece needs to be machined, the spindle rotation driving motor 761 is started, the driving synchronizing wheel 762 rotates, the driven synchronizing wheel 764 is driven to rotate through the synchronous belt 763, the driven synchronizing wheel 764 rotates to drive the spline outer barrel 702 to rotate, and the spline shaft 701 rotates along with the spline outer barrel 702; when the polishing head assembly 73 needs to be lifted, only the air cylinder 75 needs to be started, the piston rod of the air cylinder 75 pushes the sliding block 72 to slide along the guide post 711, and the lifting of the polishing head assembly 73 can be controlled by controlling the air cylinder 75 because the top of the spline shaft 701 is rotatably connected with the sliding block 72 and the polishing head assembly 73 is arranged at the bottom of the spline shaft 701.
The five-axis linkage numerical control polishing machine further comprises a polishing solution circulating system, the polishing solution circulating system comprises an upper water receiving tank 80 arranged at the bottom of the swing support 40, a liquid storage tank 82 is arranged on the rack 1 and below the upper water receiving tank 80, a water outlet of the upper water receiving tank 80 is communicated with the liquid storage tank 82, and a water pump 86 for supplying polishing solution to the polishing head assembly 73 is arranged on the liquid storage tank 82.
The polishing solution circulating system further comprises a lower water receiving tank 81 which is arranged on the rack 1 and is positioned between the upper water receiving tank 80 and the liquid storage tank 82, a liquid guiding device 83 is arranged on the rack 1 and is positioned below a water outlet of the lower water receiving tank 81, the liquid guiding device 83 comprises a guiding cylinder arranged at the top of the liquid storage tank 82, in the embodiment, the guiding cylinder is a double-head cylinder 831, a water receiving hopper fixing plate 832 is arranged on a piston rod of the double-head cylinder 831, a polishing solution movable water receiving hopper 833 and a cleaning solution movable water receiving hopper 834 are arranged on the water receiving hopper fixing plate 832, and a wastewater receiving tank 84 is arranged on the rack 1 and is positioned at a water outlet of the cleaning solution movable water receiving hopper 834;
in this embodiment, the main shaft base plate 60 is provided with the flow divider assembly 85, the flow divider assembly 85 includes a double-row water dividing base 850, the double-row water dividing base 850 is provided with water dividing pipes 851, the number of which is the same as that of the spline shaft 701, the water dividing pipes 851 are arranged on the double-row water dividing base 850 through valves, and the water dividing pipes 851 are connected with the rotary joint 705 through flexible water pipes; the dual-row water diversion seat 850 of the flow divider assembly 85 further comprises a polishing fluid inlet joint 852 arranged at one end of the dual-row water diversion seat 850 and a cleaning fluid inlet joint 853 arranged at the other end of the dual-row water diversion seat 850, wherein in the embodiment, the water diversion pipe 851 is connected with the rotary joint 705 through a spiral water hose.
A polishing liquid main pipe 861 and a cleaning liquid main pipe 862 are arranged on the frame 1, one end of the polishing liquid main pipe 861 is connected with the water pump 86, and the other end of the polishing liquid main pipe 861 is connected with a polishing liquid inlet joint 852; one end of the cleaning liquid main pipe 862 is connected to the cleaning liquid inlet joint 853, and the other end of the cleaning liquid main pipe 862 is connected to the tap water pipe.
In this embodiment, a first valve 863, a first tee 864, a second tee 865 and a second valve 866 are sequentially connected between the top end of the polishing liquid main pipe 861 and the top end of the cleaning liquid main pipe 862, and a third valve 867 is further disposed on the first tee 864; a fourth valve 868 is further arranged on the second tee 865, and the third valve 867 is connected with the polishing solution inlet joint 852 through a water pipe; the fourth valve 868 is connected with the cleaning liquid inlet joint 853 through a water pipe.
A first drainage pipe 820 is arranged at the bottom of the liquid storage tank 82, and a fifth valve 821 is arranged on the first drainage pipe 820; a second drainage pipe (not shown) is provided at the bottom of the waste water receiving tank 84, a sixth valve 841 is provided on the second drainage pipe 840, in this embodiment, the first drainage pipe 820 and the second drainage pipe are connected through a third tee 840, one end of the sixth valve 841 is connected to the third tee 840, and a main drainage pipe 842 is provided at the other end of the sixth valve 841.
The polishing solution stirring device 87 is arranged on the liquid storage tank 82, the polishing solution stirring device 87 comprises a stirring support 873 arranged at the bottom of the liquid storage tank 82, a stirring motor 870 is arranged on the stirring support 873, a stirring blade 872 is arranged on an output shaft of the stirring motor 870, the stirring motor 870 drives the stirring blade 872 to rotate, the polishing solution is stirred, the polishing solution is prevented from being deposited in a layered mode, and a liquid level controller 874 and a heating pipe 875 are further arranged on the liquid storage tank 82.
The arrangement of the polishing solution circulating system with the above structure, when working, firstly closing the fifth valve 821, adding polishing solution into the liquid storage tank 82, opening the first valve 863 and the third valve 867, closing the second valve 866 and the fourth valve 868, firstly starting the double-headed cylinder 831, moving the water receiving bucket fixing plate 832 to make the water outlet of the lower water receiving tank 81 align with the polishing solution movable water receiving bucket 833, then starting the water pump 86 and the stirring motor 870, the polishing solution pumped by the water pump 86 from the liquid storage tank 82 sequentially passes through the polishing solution main pipe 861, the first valve 863, the third valve 867 and the polishing solution inlet joint 852 to reach the double-row water distribution seat 850, passes through the split flow of the double-row water distribution seat 850, reaches the rotary joint 705 through the hollow spline shaft 701, the main shaft upper connecting chuck 732, the main shaft lower connecting chuck 733, the polishing head mounting seat 730, the polishing head 731 and the polishing sheet 7310 in sequence to reach the workpiece to be processed, then, the polishing liquid falls into the upper water receiving tank 80, falls into the lower water receiving tank 81 from the water outlet at the bottom of the upper water receiving tank 80, and falls back into the liquid storage tank 82 from the water outlet of the lower water receiving tank 81 through the movable polishing liquid receiving bucket 833 to form circulation.
Because the polishing solution contains solid polishing materials, when a batch of workpieces are processed or a shift is carried out, the polishing machine needs to be cleaned to prevent the polishing materials from blocking pipelines, at this time, the sixth valve 841 is opened, the first valve 863 and the third valve 867 are closed, the double-headed cylinder 831 is started, the water receiving hopper fixing plate 832 is moved to enable the water outlet of the lower water receiving tank 81 to be aligned with the cleaning solution movable water receiving hopper 834, the second valve 866, the fourth valve 868 and the cleaning solution inlet joint 853 are opened, then the tap water reaches the double-row water separating seat 850 through the cleaning solution main pipe 862, the second valve 866 and the fourth valve 868 in sequence, is branched through the double-row water separating seat 850, reaches the rotary joint through the water separating pipe 851 and the spiral water hose, and then reaches the workpiece clamp 52 through the hollow spline shaft 701, the main shaft upper connecting clamp 732, the main shaft lower connecting clamp 733, the polishing head mounting seat 730, the polishing head 731 and the polishing sheet 7310 in sequence, when the workpiece fixture 52 is washed, running water also washes the place where the running water arrives in the flowing process, then the running water falls to the upper water receiving tank 80 and falls into the lower water receiving tank 81 from a water outlet at the bottom of the upper water receiving tank 80, the running water flows into the waste water receiving tank 84 from a water outlet of the lower water receiving tank 81 through the movable cleaning water receiving hopper 834, and the running water flows out of the drain pipe 842 from a second drain pipe at the bottom of the waste water receiving tank 84 after flowing through the third tee joint 840 and the sixth valve 841.
The integral shield assembly 9 is arranged on the rack 1, and the integral shield assembly 9 comprises a left frame 91 arranged on the left side of the rack 1; a right frame (not shown) provided on the right side of the frame 1; a rear frame (not shown) provided at a rear side of the frame 1 for connecting the left frame 91 and the right frame; a front frame 94 provided on the front side of the frame 1 for connecting the left and right frames; a top frame 95 provided at the top of the left frame 91, the right frame, the rear frame, and the front frame 94; access doors are arranged on the left frame 91, the right frame and the rear frame; a folding door is provided on the front frame 94; a transparent organic glass plate is arranged on the integral shield assembly except for the access door and the folding door; a main box 97 is arranged in the integral shield assembly; an operation control box assembly 96 is arranged on the front frame 94, and the operation control box assembly 96 comprises a display screen, a power switch, an emergency stop switch, a power indicator lamp and the like; the X-axis drive motor 34, the Y-axis drive motor 26, the rotation drive motor 545, the swing drive motor 562, the main shaft rotation drive motor 761, the water pump 86, and the agitation motor 870 are electrically connected to a main power box 97, which is electrically connected to a controller in the operation control box assembly 96.
According to the scheme, the workpiece can easily move in the Y-axis and X-axis directions, swing with the rotating center of the swinging shaft 551 as the axis and rotation of the workpiece, polishing of the plane and the arc surface of the workpiece can be easily realized by matching with rotation and lifting of the spline shaft 701, the polishing head 731 does not make deflection motion, and polishing liquid used in polishing cannot be thrown upwards by the polishing head 731; the swinging and rotating single body 5 which enables the workpiece to swing and rotate is arranged on the swinging support 40, the swinging support 40 is arranged on the X-axis translation assembly, the X-axis translation assembly is also arranged on the Y-axis translation assembly, and the Y-axis translation assembly is directly arranged on the rack 1; due to the arrangement, the swing bracket 40 can bear larger load, and a plurality of polishing stations can be arranged conveniently, so that the processing efficiency is improved; in addition, the swing driving motor 562 and the rotary driving motor 545 are both arranged outside the swing bracket and are not in the polishing operation area, so that the swing driving motor 562 and the rotary driving motor 545 can effectively avoid the corrosion of polishing solution and prevent the polishing solution from being damaged, thereby indirectly saving the maintenance cost and improving the processing efficiency.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a five-axis linkage numerical control burnishing machine, includes the frame, is equipped with Y axle translation subassembly in the frame, is equipped with X axle translation subassembly, its characterized in that on Y axle translation subassembly: the X-axis translation assembly is provided with a swinging and rotating assembly, the swinging and rotating assembly comprises a swinging bracket arranged on the X-axis translation assembly, and the swinging bracket is rotatably provided with more than one swinging and rotating mechanism;
the swinging and rotating mechanism comprises more than one swinging and rotating single body, the swinging and rotating single body comprises a seat body, a workpiece rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the top of the seat body, a workpiece clamp is arranged on the workpiece rotating shaft, a workpiece rotating transmission device for transmitting power to the workpiece rotating shaft is arranged on the seat body, and the workpiece rotating transmission device comprises a transmission input shaft; a workpiece rotation driving device for driving the workpiece rotation transmission device to operate is arranged outside the swing bracket; the seat body is also provided with a swinging device for driving the seat body to rotate, the swinging device comprises a swinging shaft, the swinging shaft and the transmission input shaft are coaxially arranged, and a swinging driving device for driving the swinging shaft to rotate is arranged outside the swinging support;
the main shaft mechanism comprises a rotary ball spline arranged on the main shaft support, and the rotary ball spline comprises a flange outer ring, a spline outer cylinder and a spline shaft; more than one sliding device parallel to the spline shaft is arranged on the main shaft bracket, a sliding block is arranged on the sliding device in a sliding manner, the top of the spline shaft is rotatably connected with the sliding block, an installation plate is fixedly arranged on the top of the sliding device, a lifting driving device is arranged on the installation plate, and the lifting driving device drives the sliding block to move along the sliding device; a main shaft rotation driving device for driving the spline outer cylinder to rotate is arranged on the main shaft bracket; a polishing head assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the spline shaft;
the polishing head assembly comprises a polishing head mounting seat arranged at the bottom end of the spline shaft, and a polishing head is arranged on the polishing head mounting seat;
the polishing head assembly further comprises an upper main shaft connecting chuck, a lower main shaft connecting chuck and a water retaining disc, the upper main shaft connecting chuck is in threaded connection with the lower main shaft connecting chuck, the water retaining disc is clamped between the upper main shaft connecting chuck and the lower main shaft connecting chuck, the upper main shaft connecting chuck is connected with the spline shaft, and the polishing head mounting seat is arranged at the bottom of the lower main shaft connecting chuck;
the five-axis linkage numerical control polishing machine also comprises a polishing solution circulating system, wherein the polishing solution circulating system comprises an upper water receiving tank arranged at the bottom of the swing bracket, a liquid storage tank is arranged on the rack and below the upper water receiving tank, a water outlet of the upper water receiving tank is communicated with the liquid storage tank, and a water pump for providing polishing solution for the polishing head assembly is arranged on the liquid storage tank;
the polishing solution circulating system also comprises a lower water receiving tank arranged on the frame and positioned between the upper water receiving tank and the liquid storage tank, a liquid guide device is arranged on the frame and positioned below a water outlet of the lower water receiving tank, the liquid guide device comprises a guide cylinder arranged at the top of the liquid storage tank, a water receiving hopper fixing plate is arranged on a piston rod of the guide cylinder, a polishing solution movable water receiving hopper and a cleaning solution movable water receiving hopper are arranged on the water receiving hopper fixing plate, and a wastewater receiving tank is arranged on the frame and positioned at a water outlet of the cleaning solution movable water receiving hopper; the spline shaft is of a hollow structure, a rotary joint is arranged at the top end of the spline shaft, and a water outlet of the water pump is connected with the rotary joint through a water pipe;
the base comprises a left bearing seat plate, a right bearing seat plate, an upper bearing seat plate and a lower bearing seat plate, wherein the left bearing seat plate, the upper bearing seat plate, the right bearing seat plate and the lower bearing seat plate are sequentially connected to form a rectangular frame;
the workpiece rotation transmission device also comprises a transmission output shaft, the transmission output shaft is arranged in parallel with the workpiece rotation shaft, one end of the transmission output shaft is arranged on the upper bearing seat plate through a bearing, the other end of the transmission output shaft is arranged on the lower bearing seat plate through a bearing, a driven gear is arranged at one end of the workpiece rotation shaft positioned in the seat body, a driving gear meshed with the driven gear is arranged on the transmission output shaft, and a workpiece rotation worm wheel is also arranged on the transmission output shaft; the transmission input shaft is a workpiece rotating worm, two ends of the workpiece rotating worm are respectively fixed on the left bearing seat plate and the right bearing seat plate through bearings, and the workpiece rotating worm is meshed with the workpiece rotating worm wheel;
the workpiece rotation driving device comprises a driven inner transmission shaft which is rotatably arranged on the swinging support, the driven inner transmission shaft and the workpiece rotating worm are coaxially arranged, one end of the driven inner transmission shaft is connected with the workpiece rotating worm through a coupler, the other end of the driven inner transmission shaft extends out of the swinging support, a driven bevel gear is arranged at one end of the driven inner transmission shaft, which extends out of the swinging support, a driving outer transmission shaft is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the swinging support, and a driving bevel gear meshed with the driven bevel gear is arranged on the driving outer transmission shaft; a rotary driving motor for driving the driving external transmission shaft to rotate is also arranged on the swinging bracket;
one end of the swinging shaft is connected with the base body, the other end of the swinging shaft is rotatably arranged on the swinging bracket and extends out of the swinging bracket, one end of the swinging shaft extending out of the swinging bracket is provided with a swinging worm wheel, and the swinging bracket is provided with a swinging worm meshed with the swinging worm wheel; a swing driving motor for driving the swing worm to rotate is also arranged on the swing bracket;
the Y-axis translation assembly comprises more than two Y-axis slide rails which are arranged in parallel along the Y-axis direction of the rack, more than one Y-axis slide block is arranged on a single Y-axis slide rail, a Y-axis translation frame is arranged on the Y-axis slide block, a Y-axis screw rod which is parallel to the Y-axis slide rails is arranged on the rack, a Y-axis nut which is matched with the Y-axis screw rod is arranged on the Y-axis translation frame, and a Y-axis driving motor which drives the Y-axis screw rod to rotate is arranged on the rack;
the X-axis translation assembly comprises more than two X-axis slide rails which are arranged in parallel along the X-axis direction of the Y-axis translation frame, more than one X-axis slide block is arranged on a single X-axis slide rail, the swing support is arranged on the X-axis slide block, an X-axis lead screw parallel to the X-axis slide rail is arranged on the X-axis translation frame, an X-axis nut matched with the X-axis lead screw is arranged on the swing support, and an X-axis driving motor for driving the X-axis lead screw to rotate is arranged on the X-axis translation frame.
2. The five-axis linkage numerical control polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seat bodies of the adjacent swinging and rotating single bodies are connected through a connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft is of a hollow shaft structure; the adjacent workpiece rotating worms are connected through the couplers, the couplers between the adjacent seat bodies are positioned in the connecting shaft, and the outer diameter of the couplers between the adjacent seat bodies is smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting shaft.
3. The five-axis linkage numerical control polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: a bearing seat coaxial with the workpiece rotating shaft is arranged at the top of the upper bearing seat plate, a bearing is arranged in the bearing seat, the outer ring of the bearing is connected with the bearing seat, and the inner ring of the bearing is connected with the workpiece rotating shaft; the bottom of the workpiece clamp is provided with a waterproof cover for protecting the bearing, the waterproof cover is provided with a flange extending downwards, and the inner diameter of the flange is larger than the outer diameter of the bearing seat;
a waterproof shield assembly is arranged on the swing support and comprises a foldable organ cover, the horizontal cross section of the organ cover is consistent with the horizontal cross section of the swing support, and the bottom end of the organ cover is fixedly connected with the top end of the swing support; and an organ cover lifting driving device for driving the top end of the organ cover to lift is arranged on the swinging bracket.
4. The five-axis linkage numerical control polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: two sets of main shaft mechanisms are in a group, and a main shaft rotation driving device simultaneously drives the spline outer cylinders on the two sets of main shaft mechanisms to rotate; the sliding device is of a guide pillar and guide sleeve structure, and the sliding block is connected with the guide sleeve; the lifting driving device is an air cylinder, a cylinder body of the air cylinder is connected with the mounting plate, and a piston rod of the air cylinder is connected with the sliding block.
5. The five-axis linkage numerical control polishing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: a main shaft base plate is arranged on the main shaft support, the flange outer ring is fixed on the main shaft base plate through a flange mounting plate, the flange mounting plate is arranged on the upper surface of the main shaft base plate, and the guide pillar is fixed on the flange mounting plate; a lower spindle fixing flange is arranged on the lower surface of the spindle substrate; the bottom of the spline outer barrel is provided with a bearing, the inner ring of the bearing is connected with the spline outer barrel, and the outer ring of the bearing is connected with a lower fixing flange of the main shaft; a driven synchronizing wheel is arranged at the top of the spline outer barrel; the main shaft rotation driving device comprises a main shaft rotation driving motor, the main shaft rotation driving motor is fixed on the upper surface of a main shaft base plate through a main shaft rotation driving motor support, a driving synchronizing wheel is arranged on an output shaft of the main shaft rotation driving motor, and a synchronous belt is arranged between the driving synchronizing wheel and a driven synchronizing wheel.
6. The five-axis linkage numerical control polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the integral shield assembly is arranged on the rack and comprises a left frame arranged on the left side of the rack; a right frame arranged on the right side of the frame; a rear frame disposed at the rear side of the frame for connecting the left frame and the right frame; a front frame arranged at the front side of the frame and used for connecting the left frame and the right frame; a top frame arranged on the top of the left frame, the right frame, the rear frame and the front frame; access doors are arranged on the left frame, the right frame and the rear frame; a folding door is arranged on the front frame; a transparent organic glass plate is arranged on the integral shield assembly except for the access door and the folding door; an indicator light is arranged on the top frame; a main box is arranged in the integral shield assembly; an operation control box component is arranged on the front frame.
CN202011634215.0A 2020-12-31 2020-12-31 Five-axis linkage numerical control polishing machine Active CN112643522B (en)

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