CN112643242B - Preparation method of aluminum alloy material for brazing without soldering flux gas protection - Google Patents
Preparation method of aluminum alloy material for brazing without soldering flux gas protection Download PDFInfo
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- CN112643242B CN112643242B CN202011562522.2A CN202011562522A CN112643242B CN 112643242 B CN112643242 B CN 112643242B CN 202011562522 A CN202011562522 A CN 202011562522A CN 112643242 B CN112643242 B CN 112643242B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of an aluminum alloy material for brazing without soldering flux gas protection, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing materials; 2) casting; 3) milling a surface; 4) hot rolling; 5) cold rolling; 6) primary intermediate annealing; 7) cold finish rolling; 8) secondary intermediate annealing; 9) foil rolling; 10) slitting; 11) packaging; the size of the product is ensured to meet the requirement through the rolling processes of hot rolling, cold finish rolling and foil rolling in sequence, and the heat dissipation performance of the product is further improved, so that the connection performance of a weldment can be effectively realized in the gas shielded brazing process, the brazing quality is further ensured, and the quality of a finished product is further improved; the castings are conveyed into the three-dimensional scanning workshop, so that a three-dimensional actual model for each casting is generated and is compared with a three-dimensional preset model preset in the center console, a subsequent face milling process is determined according to different comparison results, and face milling precision and face milling efficiency are further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum products, in particular to a preparation method of an aluminum alloy material for brazing without soldering flux gas protection.
Background
Gas-shielded brazing is welding in which a low-melting-point metal is melted at a certain temperature using an inert gas as a protective atmosphere, and the contacted metals having high melting points are joined together by cooling and solidification, and is called gas-shielded brazing. In the prior art, workpieces such as aluminum coils and plates made of aluminum alloy materials are welded by adopting a gas shielded brazing welding mode, a large amount of heat can be generated in the brazing process, so that the materials corresponding to a heat dissipation device are selected and used to provide higher requirements, and the aluminum alloy materials which do not conform to corresponding heat dissipation performance parameters not only influence the connection strength after brazing but also influence the quality of the formed product.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of an aluminum alloy material for flux-free gas-shielded brazing.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a preparation method of an aluminum alloy material for flux-free gas-shielded brazing is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
1) preparing materials: preparing raw materials for manufacturing the gas-shielded brazing material according to a preset mass ratio, and recording the corresponding mass ratio of each selected component in the material preparation;
2) casting: casting the prepared raw materials into a casting;
3) milling a surface: rough milling and finish milling are carried out on the surface of the casting to remove burrs and particles attached to the surface of the casting:
4) hot rolling: winding the cast after surface milling, and then carrying out hot rolling treatment to form a hot rolled plate;
5) cold rolling: performing cold rolling treatment on a hot rolled plate to form a cold rolled plate, and spraying rolling oil in the cold rolling process to lubricate, cool and clean the surface of the plate;
6) primary intermediate annealing: annealing the cold-rolled sheet;
7) cold finish rolling: performing cold finish rolling treatment on the plate, adopting a mode of pressing the plate for multiple times, controlling the pressing amount of each time, and finally enabling the cold deformation amount to be 75-90%;
8) secondary intermediate annealing: annealing the plate after cold finish rolling;
9) foil rolling: detecting the thickness of the plate subjected to secondary annealing, and when detecting and confirming that the thickness of the plate is within a preset thickness range, rolling the plate for multiple times to produce an aluminum foil coiled material with the required thickness meeting the conditions;
10) slitting: cutting the rolled coil into a plurality of sections with equal length;
11) packaging: and packaging and warehousing each cut section of coiled material.
Further, in the step 1), the corresponding mass ratio of each component selected in each burdening is recorded and sent to the central console, the central console simultaneously records the corresponding performance parameters of the gas-shielded brazing material manufactured corresponding to the burdening, and the gas-shielded brazing material is sequenced according to the quality of different corresponding performance parameters.
Further, in the step 2), after casting, the castings are conveyed to a three-dimensional scanning workshop, a three-dimensional actual model for each casting is generated and compared with a three-dimensional preset model preset in the center console, and when the deviation value of the three-dimensional actual model and the three-dimensional preset model is larger than a first preset threshold value, the castings are determined to be unqualified and are conveyed to an unqualified channel; when the deviation value of the three-dimensional actual model and the three-dimensional preset model is smaller than a first preset threshold value and larger than a second preset threshold value, the three-dimensional actual model and the three-dimensional preset model are sent to a working table to be subjected to rough milling firstly and finish milling secondly; and when the deviation value of the three-dimensional actual model and the three-dimensional preset model is smaller than a second preset threshold value, sending the three-dimensional actual model and the three-dimensional preset model into a workbench for directly carrying out finish milling, wherein the first preset threshold value is higher than the second preset threshold value.
Further, in the step 3), the rotation speed of the milling cutter during rough milling is higher than that during finish milling, and the working time during rough milling is lower than that during finish milling.
Further, in the step 6), the heat preservation temperature of the primary intermediate annealing is 300-450 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5-1.0 h.
Further, in the step 7), a plate is pressed down for multiple times, the pressing amount of each time is controlled to be gradually reduced, and finally, the cold deformation amount is 75% -90%.
Further, in the step 7), a mode of pressing the plate for multiple times is adopted, and the speed of gradually reducing the pressing amount of each time is controlled to be in a linear relation with the times of pressing the plate.
Further, in the step 7), a plate is pressed down for multiple times, and the speed of gradually reducing the pressing amount of each time is controlled to have a nonlinear relation with the number of times of pressing down the plate.
Further, in the step 8), the heat preservation temperature of the secondary intermediate annealing is 300-400 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5-1.0 h.
Further, in the step 9), the thickness of the plate subjected to the secondary annealing is detected, and when the thickness of the plate is within a preset thickness range, the rolling frequency, the rolling time, the rolling deformation and the deformation rate of each time are determined according to the absolute value of the difference between the actual thickness and the required thickness.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the invention provides a preparation method of an aluminum alloy material for flux-free gas-shielded brazing, which sequentially passes through the rolling processes of hot rolling, cold finish rolling and foil rolling to ensure that the size of a product meets the requirement, and further improves the heat dissipation performance of the product, so that the heat dissipation function can be effectively realized in the gas-shielded brazing process, the brazing quality is further ensured, and the quality of a finished product is further improved.
2) The invention provides a preparation method of an aluminum alloy material for brazing without soldering flux gas protection, which comprises the steps of conveying castings into a three-dimensional scanning workshop, generating a three-dimensional actual model for each casting, and comparing the three-dimensional actual model with a three-dimensional preset model preset in a central console, so that a subsequent surface milling process is determined according to different comparison results, and the surface milling precision and the surface milling efficiency are further improved.
3) The invention provides a preparation method of an aluminum alloy material for flux-free gas-shielded brazing, which determines the rolling times, the rolling time, the rolling deformation and the deformation rate of each time according to the absolute value of the difference value between the actual thickness and the required thickness in the foil rolling process, thereby determining the specific foil rolling content according to different thicknesses, ensuring the foil rolling precision, accelerating the foil rolling speed and improving the foil rolling efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic views illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and thus show only the constitution related to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the aluminum alloy material for flux-free gas-shielded brazing provided by the application comprises the following steps:
1) preparing materials: preparing raw materials for manufacturing the gas-shielded brazing material according to a preset mass ratio, and recording the corresponding mass ratio of each selected component in the material;
2) casting: casting the prepared raw materials into a casting;
3) milling a surface: roughly milling and finely milling the surface of the casting to remove burrs and particles attached to the surface of the casting:
4) hot rolling: winding the casting after surface milling, and performing hot rolling treatment to form a hot rolled plate;
5) cold rolling: carrying out cold rolling treatment on a hot rolled plate to form a cold rolled plate, and spraying rolling oil in the cold rolling process to lubricate, cool and clean the surface of the plate;
6) primary intermediate annealing: annealing the cold-rolled sheet;
7) cold finish rolling: performing cold finish rolling treatment on the plate, adopting a mode of pressing the plate for multiple times, controlling the pressing amount of each time, and finally enabling the cold deformation amount to be 75-90%;
8) secondary intermediate annealing: annealing the plate after cold finish rolling;
9) foil rolling: detecting the thickness of the plate subjected to secondary annealing, and when detecting and confirming that the thickness of the plate is within a preset thickness range, rolling the plate for multiple times to produce an aluminum foil coiled material with the required thickness meeting the conditions;
10) slitting: cutting the coiled material after foil rolling into a plurality of sections with equal length;
11) packaging: and packaging and warehousing each cut section of coiled material.
Specifically, in the step 1), the corresponding mass ratio of each component selected in each batching is recorded and sent to the central console, the central console simultaneously records the corresponding performance parameters of the gas-shielded brazing material manufactured corresponding to the batching, and the gas-shielded brazing material is sequenced according to the quality of different corresponding performance parameters, so that a user can conveniently read the gas-shielded brazing material when the gas-shielded brazing material is used next time, and the batching type and the mass ratio of the gas-shielded brazing material can be selected according to different corresponding actual demand performance parameters.
Specifically, in the step 2), the castings are conveyed into a stereo scanning workshop after being cast, a stereo actual model for each casting is generated, and the stereo actual model is compared with a stereo preset model preset inside the center console: and during comparison, the sizes on the uniform surface are preferentially compared, then the sizes on the non-uniform surface are compared, the plates are divided according to different positions on the center console display device for comparison, and the deviation values are displayed in sequence according to the deviation sizes.
When the deviation value of the three-dimensional actual model and the three-dimensional preset model is larger than a first preset threshold value, determining that the casting is unqualified, and sending the casting into an unqualified channel; the first preset threshold is used for judging whether the deviation of the casting is qualified, and when the deviation value of the three-dimensional actual model and the three-dimensional preset model is larger than the first preset threshold, the shape correction cannot be realized by means of face milling, so that the casting needs to be sent into a unqualified channel; preferably, the castings sent into the unqualified channels are sequentially subjected to shape correction detection and unqualified detection, when the shape correction detection is passed, the castings are subjected to shape correction and are reused, and when the shape correction detection is not passed, the castings are subjected to unqualified detection to determine unqualified reasons so as to correct the preparation method and the forming process;
when the deviation value of the three-dimensional actual model and the three-dimensional preset model is smaller than a first preset threshold value and larger than a second preset threshold value, the three-dimensional actual model and the three-dimensional preset model are sent to a working table to be subjected to rough milling firstly and finish milling secondly; the second preset threshold is used for judging whether the casting needs rough milling or not, so that unnecessary rough milling steps are omitted according to the detection result, and the milling efficiency is further optimized;
when the deviation value of the three-dimensional actual model and the three-dimensional preset model is smaller than a second preset threshold value, sending the three-dimensional actual model into a workbench for directly carrying out finish milling, wherein the first preset threshold value is higher than the second preset threshold value; at the moment, the casting is judged to be not required to be roughly milled, so that the casting can be directly subjected to finish milling operation, the unnecessary rough milling operation is further avoided, and the surface milling efficiency is further optimized.
Specifically, in step 3), the rotation speed of the milling cutter during rough milling is higher than that during finish milling, the working time during rough milling is shorter than that during finish milling, the cutting deformation amount during rough milling is large, and therefore the rotation speed of the milling cutter during rough milling needs to be set to be higher than that during finish milling, and the working time during finish milling needs to be set to be shorter than that during finish milling due to the fact that the number of finish milling points is large, the required error amount is small, and the rotation speed is low.
Specifically, in the step 6), the heat preservation temperature of the primary intermediate annealing is 300-450 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5-1.0 h.
Specifically, in the step 7), a way of pressing down the plate for multiple times is adopted, the amount of pressing down each time is controlled to be gradually reduced, the cold deformation amount is finally 75% -90%, the plate is guaranteed to reach a preset range during pressing down in the early stage, and the continuous correction and shape correction processes are realized during pressing down in the later stage, so that the pressing down way needs to be set to control the amount of pressing down each time to be gradually reduced.
Specifically, in the step 7), a mode of pressing down the plate for multiple times is adopted, the speed of gradually reducing the pressing amount each time is controlled to be in a linear relation with the times of pressing down the plate, the setting mode enables the adjustment of the pressing amount to be convenient to control, the speed of gradually reducing the pressing amount each time can be determined to be a certain value according to the times of pressing down the plate, and the fixed value of the speed of gradually reducing the pressing amount each time is corrected and adjusted according to the later performance detection result so as to further realize process optimization.
Specifically, in the step 7), a mode of pressing the plate for multiple times is adopted, the speed of gradually reducing the pressing amount at each time is controlled to be in a nonlinear relation with the times of pressing the plate, the setting mode enables the adjustment of the pressing amount to be attached to the actual deformation process, and because the deformation process of the plate is often nonlinear in the process of pressing the plate, the initial deformation is large, but the later deformation tends to be in a nonlinear reduction trend, and the pressing amount is difficult to reduce in the later period, the speed of gradually reducing the pressing amount at each time and the times of pressing the plate are controlled to be in a nonlinear relation and closer to the actual deformation condition, thereby being beneficial to improving and optimizing the production process.
Specifically, in the step 8), the heat preservation temperature of the secondary intermediate annealing is 300-400 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5-1.0 h.
Specifically, in the step 9), the thickness of the plate subjected to secondary annealing is detected, and when the thickness of the plate is within a preset thickness range, the rolling times, the rolling time, the rolling deformation amount and the deformation rate of each time are determined according to the absolute value of the difference between the actual thickness and the required thickness; the larger the absolute value of the difference between the actual thickness and the required thickness is, the larger the relative setting of the rolling frequency, the rolling time, the rolling deformation and the deformation rate at each time is to meet the rolling requirement, and the smaller the absolute value of the difference between the actual thickness and the required thickness is, the smaller the relative setting of the rolling frequency, the rolling time, the rolling deformation and the deformation rate at each time is to meet the rolling requirement; in order to improve the rolling precision, more rolling times, longer rolling time and lower rolling deformation and deformation rate per time can be set so as to meet the requirements of the rolling precision and performance.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of an aluminum alloy material for flux-free gas-shielded brazing is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) preparing materials: preparing raw materials for manufacturing the gas-shielded brazing material according to a preset mass ratio, and recording the corresponding mass ratio of each selected component in the material;
recording and sending the corresponding mass ratio of each component selected in each burdening to a central console in the step 1), simultaneously recording corresponding performance parameters of the gas-shielded brazing material prepared corresponding to the burdening by the central console, and sequencing according to the quality of different corresponding performance parameters;
2) casting: casting the prepared raw materials into a casting;
in the step 2), the castings are conveyed into a three-dimensional scanning workshop after being cast, a three-dimensional actual model for each casting is generated, and the three-dimensional actual model is compared with a three-dimensional preset model preset in the center console;
when the deviation value of the three-dimensional actual model and the three-dimensional preset model is larger than a first preset threshold value, determining that the casting is unqualified, and sending the casting into an unqualified channel;
the castings sent into the unqualified channels need to be subjected to shape correction detection and unqualified detection in sequence, the castings are subjected to shape correction and are reused after the shape correction detection is passed, and the castings are subjected to unqualified detection after the shape correction detection is not passed so as to determine unqualified reasons and correct the preparation method and the forming process;
when the deviation value of the three-dimensional actual model and the three-dimensional preset model is smaller than a first preset threshold value and larger than a second preset threshold value, the three-dimensional actual model and the three-dimensional preset model are sent to a working table to be subjected to rough milling firstly and finish milling secondly;
when the deviation value of the three-dimensional actual model and the three-dimensional preset model is smaller than a second preset threshold value, sending the three-dimensional actual model into a workbench for directly carrying out finish milling, wherein the first preset threshold value is higher than the second preset threshold value;
3) face milling: carrying out rough milling and finish milling on the surface of the casting to remove burrs and particles attached to the surface of the casting;
4) hot rolling: winding the cast after surface milling, and then carrying out hot rolling treatment to form a hot rolled plate;
5) cold rolling: performing cold rolling treatment on a hot rolled plate to form a cold rolled plate, and spraying rolling oil in the cold rolling process to lubricate, cool and clean the surface of the plate;
6) primary intermediate annealing: annealing the cold-rolled sheet;
7) cold finish rolling: performing cold finish rolling treatment on the plate, adopting a mode of pressing the plate for multiple times, controlling the pressing amount of each time, and finally enabling the cold deformation amount to be 75-90%;
8) secondary intermediate annealing: annealing the plate after cold finish rolling;
9) foil rolling: detecting the thickness of the plate subjected to secondary annealing, and when detecting and confirming that the thickness of the plate is within a preset thickness range, rolling the plate for multiple times to produce an aluminum foil coiled material with the thickness meeting the requirement of the condition;
10) slitting: cutting the rolled coil into a plurality of sections with required width and length;
11) packaging: and packaging and warehousing the cut coiled materials with different widths and lengths.
2. The method for producing an aluminum alloy material for flux-free gas-shielded brazing according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 3), the rotation speed of the milling cutter during rough milling is higher than that during finish milling, and the working time during rough milling is lower than that during finish milling.
3. The method for producing an aluminum alloy material for flux-free gas-shielded brazing according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 6), the heat preservation temperature of the primary intermediate annealing is 300-450 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5-1.0 h.
4. The method for producing an aluminum alloy material for flux-free gas-shielded brazing according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 7), a mode of pressing the plate for multiple times is adopted, the pressing amount of each time is controlled to be gradually reduced, and finally the cold deformation amount is 75% -90%.
5. The method for producing an aluminum alloy material for flux-free gas-shielded brazing according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the step 7), a mode of pressing the plate for multiple times is adopted, and the speed of gradually reducing the pressing amount of each time is controlled to be in a linear relation with the times of pressing the plate.
6. The method for producing an aluminum alloy material for flux-free gas-shielded brazing according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the step 7), a mode of pressing the plate for multiple times is adopted, and the speed of gradually reducing the pressing amount of each time is controlled to be in a nonlinear relation with the times of pressing the plate.
7. The method for producing an aluminum alloy material for flux-free gas-shielded brazing according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 8), the heat preservation temperature of the secondary intermediate annealing is 300-.
8. The method for producing an aluminum alloy material for flux-free gas-shielded brazing according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 9), detecting the thickness of the plate subjected to secondary annealing, and determining the rolling times, the rolling time, the rolling deformation and the deformation rate according to the absolute value of the difference between the actual thickness and the required thickness when the thickness of the plate is within a preset thickness range.
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