CN112643199A - Annular laser welding device - Google Patents
Annular laser welding device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112643199A CN112643199A CN202011544208.1A CN202011544208A CN112643199A CN 112643199 A CN112643199 A CN 112643199A CN 202011544208 A CN202011544208 A CN 202011544208A CN 112643199 A CN112643199 A CN 112643199A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- annular
- laser
- lens
- focusing
- light beam
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
- B23K26/0648—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms comprising lenses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/073—Shaping the laser spot
- B23K26/0734—Shaping the laser spot into an annular shape
Abstract
An annular laser welding device comprises a laser, a collimating lens, a conical lens, a focusing lens and a reflector; wherein, the laser is used for generating a light source; the collimating lens is used for expanding the light source into parallel light beams; the cone lens is used for refracting the parallel light beams into annular light beams; the focusing mirror is used for focusing the annular light beam to form a focused light beam, and the focused light beam is in a circular ring shape on a focal plane; the reflector is provided with a reflecting surface, and the reflecting surface is used for changing the direction of the focused light beam so as to change the position of the focal plane; at least one of the cone lens and the focusing lens can move axially. The light path of the invention has ingenious conception and simple design, avoids the refraction and reflection loss to the maximum extent, further reduces the temperature of the machine body and improves the utilization efficiency of light energy. The invention realizes the adjustment of the diameter of the focusing ring, realizes multi-angle welding, greatly expands the application range, makes the welding of the laser integral ring band on engineering application possible, and has practical application and popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to an annular laser welding device.
Background
In industrial production, laser welding is mostly adopted for annular welding of thin-wall tubular parts. Laser welding is an efficient precision welding method using a laser beam with high energy density as a heat source, has small heating area and concentrated heat source, and has the advantages that other welding methods do not have. The traditional annular laser welding is realized by rotating a laser beam or a workpiece, and welding deformation of the workpiece caused by uneven heating is inevitably caused due to great temperature difference between a welding part and a non-welding part.
The method for fundamentally solving the problems is integral annular welding, namely, laser is focused into a ring shape, and meanwhile, a welding area is heated and welded. The 201620269423.8 patent discloses an annular laser welding head that consists of a collimating lens, a first conical lens, a second conical lens, and a focusing lens. Although the patent can focus laser into a circular ring with adjustable diameter, the reflection angle of the annular beam which is diverged in a conical surface when the annular beam enters the second conical lens is too large, the optical energy loss is serious, the annular beam is not suitable for the application of high-power laser, and the annular beam is a fatal defect for welding. The patent of application No. 201620532840.7 discloses a laser welding device, wherein a laser source is incident on the conical surface of a conical total reflection mirror through a light source leading-in device, and is reflected to an annular total reflection focusing mirror through the conical total reflection mirror, and is focused and reflected on a working platform through the annular total reflection focusing mirror to form an annular light spot. For the concave surface of the annular full-reflection focusing mirror, only the reflection of the parabolic concave surface to the parallel light can form a fixed focus, and the reflection of the concave surface with the other shapes to the parallel light cannot form a focus, that is, the heat energy of the laser cannot be concentrated. For the circular total-reflection focusing mirror with the parabolic concave surface, the position of the focus can be changed only by changing the curvature of the parabola, but the change is not practical and cannot be applied. Thus, the diameter of the focusing ring is fixed and non-adjustable no matter how the lift pins are moved. In addition, the focused beams of the two patents are convergent, and only welds from a certain direction outside the workpiece can be welded, but welds from the inside of the workpiece and welds from other angles cannot be welded.
For annular laser welding, if the effective utilization of light energy cannot be realized, the diameter of a focusing ring cannot be adjusted, or multi-angle welding cannot be realized, the practical application and popularization value is unavailable, and how to realize the effective utilization of light energy, the adjustment of the diameter of the focusing ring and the multi-angle welding is a technical problem which is always solved and unsolved by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the background art, the invention discloses an annular laser welding device, which aims to: the laser welding device has the advantages that the effective utilization of light energy, the adjustment of the diameter of the focusing ring and multi-angle welding are realized, the integral ring belt welding of the laser becomes possible, and the laser welding device has practical application value.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an annular laser welding apparatus comprising:
a laser for generating a light source;
the collimating lens expands the light source into parallel light beams;
the cone lens refracts the parallel light beams into annular light beams;
the focusing mirror focuses the annular light beam to form a focused light beam, and the focused light beam is in an annular shape on a focal plane;
the reflector is provided with a reflecting surface, and the reflecting surface is used for changing the direction of the focused light beam so as to change the position of the focal plane;
at least one of the cone lens and the focusing lens can move axially.
Further improve technical scheme, the reflector can move axially.
According to the technical scheme, the reflecting surface is an inner cylindrical surface or an inner conical surface.
According to the technical scheme, the reflecting surface is an outer cylindrical surface or an outer conical surface.
In a further development, the reflector is made of quartz.
The technical scheme is further improved, and the reflecting surface of the reflector is plated with a reflecting film.
According to the technical scheme, the cone lens is fixed, and the focusing mirror axially moves near the crossing position of the annular light beams.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the background technology, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the light path of the invention has ingenious conception and simple design, avoids the refraction and reflection loss to the maximum extent, further reduces the temperature of the machine body and improves the utilization efficiency of light energy.
The invention realizes the adjustment of the diameter of the focusing ring, realizes multi-angle welding, greatly expands the application range, makes the welding of the laser integral ring band on engineering application possible, and has practical application and popularization value.
The present invention solves the technical problems which the skilled person in the art always wants to solve but does not solve, and therefore has creativity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2-3 are diagrams of the distribution of optical energy in the focal plane.
Fig. 4 to 7 are schematic structural views in example 2 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a fiber laser; 2. a collimating mirror; 3. an axicon lens; 4. a convex lens; 5. a reflector; 51. a reflective surface; 6. and (5) a workpiece.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
an annular laser welding device, as shown in fig. 1, comprises a housing, a laser, a collimating mirror, a cone lens and a focusing mirror, since other accessories such as the housing are of conventional structure, the focus of the invention is not important, and the description is not repeated here.
The laser is a fiber laser for generating a light source. The light source output by the fiber laser is in Gaussian light distribution, and the NA value is between 0.12 and 0.22.
The collimating lens is used for expanding the light source into parallel beams. And appropriate collimation parameters are adapted according to the parameters of the light source, so that the light source expands into parallel light beams.
The cone lens can refract the parallel light beam into an annular light beam with a certain bandwidth, and the annular light beam converges and then diverges, and has a cross region. Due to the bandwidth, the light energy of the annular light beam cannot be concentrated and cannot be directly used for welding.
The focusing mirror is used for focusing the annular light beam to form a focused light beam. The focusing lens is a convex lens, after the focusing lens focuses, the bandwidth of the annular light beam is sharply reduced, and the shape of the focused light beam on a focal plane is a circular ring. At this time, the light energy is highly concentrated and creates a high temperature zone in the form of a ring on the focal plane. Fig. 2 and 3 are diagrams showing the distribution of light energy in the focal plane. As can be seen from the figure, the light energy is the largest and the heat energy is the highest in the annular region.
For the annular welding of the workpiece, the annular high-temperature area can uniformly melt the welding area at the same time, thereby fundamentally solving the problem of welding deformation of the workpiece caused by uneven heating.
The adjustable circular ring has practical use value only if the diameter of the focusing circular ring is adjustable and the adjustable circular ring is suitable for annular welding of workpieces with any diameters. In the present invention, the diameter of the focusing ring can be changed by moving either the axicon lens or the convex lens in the axial direction. In the embodiment, the cone lens is fixed, and the convex lens is positioned near the intersection position of the annular light beams and moves left and right along the axial direction. At different moving positions, the diameters of the annular light beams entering the convex lens are different, and the diameters of focusing rings obtained on a focal plane after the annular light beams are focused by the convex lens are different. Since the convex lens is axially displaced near the intersection of the annular beams, the annular beams enter the convex lens approximately perpendicularly, and therefore the spherical reflection of the convex lens is small and the loss of light energy is also small.
As shown in fig. 1, since the focused light beam is divergent in this embodiment, the circular welding of the weld bead in the workpiece can be easily performed.
Example 2:
in embodiment 1, the angle of the circular welding is limited, and for practical application, the shape of the workpiece is various, the position of the welding seam is also variable, and the circular welding of any angle of the workpiece needs to be realized. In order to further improve the technical scheme, the annular laser welding device further comprises a reflector, wherein the reflector is provided with a reflecting surface, and the reflecting surface is used for changing the direction of the focused light beam so as to change the position of a focal plane.
As shown in fig. 2, the reflector is cylindrical and made of quartz, and a reflective film is coated on the cylindrical surface of the reflector, which is a reflective surface. The welding seam of the workpiece is an outer fillet welding seam, and a focusing circular ring is formed at the outer fillet welding seam after the focusing light beam is reflected by the reflecting surface.
Similarly, as shown in fig. 3, the reflector may be in the shape of a circular column, and the inner annular surface of the reflector is a reflecting surface, which obviously can achieve the same technical effect.
As shown in fig. 4, the reflector has an inner conical reflecting surface, the weld of the workpiece is blocked by the protruding portion, and the focused light beam is reflected by the reflecting surface to form a focused ring at the weld by bypassing the blocking of the protruding portion.
As shown in fig. 5, the reflector has an outer conical reflecting surface, the weld of the workpiece is inside and blocked by the protruding portion, and the focused light beam is reflected by the reflecting surface to form a focused ring at the weld around the blocking of the protruding portion.
As can be seen from the above, the reflector can reflect the focused light beam and change the position of the focal plane. The diameter of the focusing circular ring is correspondingly changed while the position of the focal plane is changed, and at the moment, the convex lens needs to be axially moved to adjust the diameter of the focusing circular ring so as to adapt to the requirement of the diameter of a welding seam.
In conclusion, the light path of the invention is simple, the refraction and reflection loss is avoided to the maximum extent, the temperature of the machine body is further reduced, and the utilization efficiency of light energy is improved; the invention realizes the adjustment of the diameter of the focusing ring and multi-angle welding, makes the welding of the laser integral ring band on engineering application possible, and has practical application and popularization value.
The details of which are not described in the prior art. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an annular laser welding device which characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
a laser for generating a light source;
the collimating lens expands the light source into parallel light beams;
the cone lens refracts the parallel light beams into annular light beams;
the focusing mirror focuses the annular light beam to form a focused light beam, and the focused light beam is in an annular shape on a focal plane;
the reflector is provided with a reflecting surface, and the reflecting surface is used for changing the direction of the focused light beam so as to change the position of the focal plane;
at least one of the cone lens and the focusing lens can move axially.
2. The laser annular welding apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the reflector is axially movable.
3. The laser welding apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the reflecting surface is an inner cylindrical surface or an inner conical surface.
4. The laser welding apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the reflecting surface is an outer cylindrical surface or an outer conical surface.
5. The laser annular welding apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the reflector is made of quartz.
6. The laser welding apparatus of claim 1 or 5, wherein: and the reflecting surface of the reflector is plated with a reflecting film.
7. The laser annular welding apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the cone lens is fixed, and the focusing lens moves axially near the intersection position of the annular light beams.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011544208.1A CN112643199A (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Annular laser welding device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011544208.1A CN112643199A (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Annular laser welding device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112643199A true CN112643199A (en) | 2021-04-13 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011544208.1A Pending CN112643199A (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Annular laser welding device |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN112643199A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114274520A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-04-05 | 武汉艾菲通精密科技有限公司 | Laser welding device and plastic welding system |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4275288A (en) * | 1978-05-19 | 1981-06-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Apparatus for machining material |
| US4456811A (en) * | 1982-06-21 | 1984-06-26 | Avco Everett Research Laboratory, Inc. | Method of and apparatus for heat treating axisymmetric surfaces with an annular laser beam |
| US4623776A (en) * | 1985-01-03 | 1986-11-18 | Dow Corning Corporation | Ring of light laser optics system |
| US4636611A (en) * | 1985-04-15 | 1987-01-13 | General Electric Company | Quiescent circle and arc generator |
| US20100320177A1 (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2010-12-23 | Reiner Ramsayer | Laser Beam Machining Device and Method for Adjusting the Focal Position |
| CN111323927A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-06-23 | 上海嘉强自动化技术有限公司 | Micro lens group for obtaining adjustable annular light beam |
-
2020
- 2020-12-24 CN CN202011544208.1A patent/CN112643199A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4275288A (en) * | 1978-05-19 | 1981-06-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Apparatus for machining material |
| US4456811A (en) * | 1982-06-21 | 1984-06-26 | Avco Everett Research Laboratory, Inc. | Method of and apparatus for heat treating axisymmetric surfaces with an annular laser beam |
| US4623776A (en) * | 1985-01-03 | 1986-11-18 | Dow Corning Corporation | Ring of light laser optics system |
| US4636611A (en) * | 1985-04-15 | 1987-01-13 | General Electric Company | Quiescent circle and arc generator |
| US20100320177A1 (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2010-12-23 | Reiner Ramsayer | Laser Beam Machining Device and Method for Adjusting the Focal Position |
| CN111323927A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-06-23 | 上海嘉强自动化技术有限公司 | Micro lens group for obtaining adjustable annular light beam |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114274520A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-04-05 | 武汉艾菲通精密科技有限公司 | Laser welding device and plastic welding system |
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Application publication date: 20210413 |