CN112636321A - Direct-current transmission power system of petroleum drilling machine - Google Patents
Direct-current transmission power system of petroleum drilling machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112636321A CN112636321A CN202110257322.4A CN202110257322A CN112636321A CN 112636321 A CN112636321 A CN 112636321A CN 202110257322 A CN202110257322 A CN 202110257322A CN 112636321 A CN112636321 A CN 112636321A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/14—Balancing the load in a network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
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- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a direct current transmission power system of an oil rig, which relates to the technical field of power equipment of the oil rig and comprises the following components: the direct current power generation module is formed by connecting direct current generators in parallel; the power transmission and distribution module transmits the electric energy to the electric equipment; the power transformation and distribution module controls the change of an electric system, current, voltage and frequency according to the electric energy requirement of the electric equipment to supply power to auxiliary equipment, daily equipment and communication equipment; the driving module inputs electric energy for the driving motor and controls the rotating speed of the driving motor; the energy storage module controls the storage and release of electric energy; when the absorption capacity of the energy storage module is excessive, the energy feedback safety release module protects the normal voltage of the power transmission and distribution loop; the energy management module monitors, controls, and manages the energy flow. The direct-current generator set is used for generating power in parallel, the problem of large harmonic in the rectification process is solved, the direct-current transmission energy consumption is low in the power transmission and distribution process, the transmission efficiency is high, the current adjustment and the function transmission direction change are convenient, the volume of the system is reduced through the direct-current transmission, and the system is more flexible.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power equipment of an oil rig, in particular to a direct-current transmission power system of the oil rig.
Background
Oil rigs have experienced the era of mechanical, semi-electric and all-electric rigs. No matter be AC drive or DC drive in the time of full electric drill, wherein the power supply part has adopted 600V alternating current system, and the system characteristic is: the power generation subsystem adopts an alternating current power frequency synchronous generator set; the power transmission and distribution subsystem adopts an alternating current power frequency distribution network; the power transformation and distribution subsystem adopts an alternating current power frequency transformer power distribution device; the driving subsystem adopts a frequency converter or a direct current driving device; the system has no energy storage subsystem; the energy management subsystem adopts a basic energy management system, and a generator parallel operation system and a power limiting system realize the monitoring of the whole system and the basic energy dispatching function.
The system has many defects, such as poor parallel stability of multiple generator sets, poor shock resistance of the system, low transmission efficiency caused by large reactive power occupation capacity of the system, large harmonic wave of the system, large investment caused by large capacity of equipment, short service life of the equipment, influence on other control systems, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a direct-current transmission power system of an oil drilling machine, which has the advantages of high electric energy transmission efficiency, good system stability and strong impact resistance.
The embodiment of the invention provides a direct current transmission power system of an oil drilling rig, which comprises a direct current power generation module, a power transmission and distribution module, a transformation and distribution module, a driving module, an energy storage module, an energy feedback safety release module and an energy management module, wherein,
the direct current power generation module is formed by connecting direct current generators in parallel and converts mechanical energy into electric energy;
the power transmission and distribution module is used for transmitting electric energy to electric equipment;
the power transformation and distribution module is used for controlling the change of an electric system, current, voltage and frequency according to the electric energy requirement of the electric equipment and supplying power to auxiliary equipment, daily equipment and communication equipment;
the driving module inputs electric energy for the driving motor, controls the rotating speed of the driving motor and drives various rotating devices to rotate;
the energy storage module is used for controlling the storage and release of electric energy;
the energy feedback safety release module is used for protecting the normal voltage of the power transmission and distribution loop when the absorption capacity of the energy storage module is excessive;
the energy management module is used to monitor, control and manage energy flow.
Optionally, the system further comprises a protection module, wherein the protection module is used for evaluating according to the current operation condition of the system and giving an early warning prompt when an abnormal phenomenon occurs.
Optionally, the protection module comprises an energy management early warning unit, and the energy management early warning unit is used for making energy generation and consumption prediction according to the current energy use condition and drilling process parameters and giving energy storage early warning information.
Optionally, the protection module further comprises an input power imbalance early warning unit, and the input power imbalance early warning unit is used for monitoring the input power condition of the online generator or the grid power in real time, and judging and early warning the threshold value of each energy source in advance.
Optionally, the protection module further comprises a power limiting unit for power limiting the capability of the system to provide the output energy beyond what can be provided by the system.
Optionally, the protection module further includes a load and process early warning unit, where the load and process early warning unit is configured to monitor the load in real time, compare the same drilling process to determine whether current data is reasonable, evaluate a current load condition, determine whether an abnormal condition exists, monitor a process flow, compare the current load with the drilling process to determine whether an abnormal condition exists, and early warn the abnormal condition.
Optionally, the energy storage module comprises a super capacitor and a storage battery.
Optionally, the driving module includes a driving frequency converter and a driving motor, the driving frequency converter inputs electric energy for the driving motor and controls the rotation speed of the driving motor, and the driving motor drives the drilling machine winch, the turntable, the slurry pump and the top drive.
Optionally, the driving frequency converter adopts a super-small integrated water-cooled inverter.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the embodiment of the invention provides a direct-current transmission power system of an oil drilling machine, which adopts direct-current generator sets to generate power in parallel, solves the problem of large harmonic in the rectification process, adopts direct-current transmission in the power transmission and distribution process, has low energy consumption and high transmission efficiency, is convenient for adjusting current and changing the function transmission direction, has lower use cost of a direct-current cable than an alternating-current cable, has high use safety and simple maintenance, reduces the volume of the system through the direct-current transmission, and ensures that the system is more flexible. The energy storage module has large capacity and high charging and discharging speed, and improves the stability and the shock resistance of the system. The protection module is arranged, so that the steady-state electric energy quality of the system can be kept, and the system can stably run in various aspects.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a direct current transmission power system of an oil rig according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted contextually as "when", "upon" or "in response to a determination" or "in response to a detection". Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if a [ described condition or event ] is detected" may be interpreted contextually to mean "upon determining" or "in response to determining" or "upon detecting [ described condition or event ]" or "in response to detecting [ described condition or event ]".
It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.
Referring to fig. 1, a direct current transmission power system of an oil rig according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a direct current power generation module, a power transmission and distribution module, a transformation and distribution module, a driving module, an energy storage module, an energy feedback safety release module, and an energy management module, wherein the direct current power generation module is formed by connecting direct current generators in parallel to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy; the power transmission and distribution module comprises a cable, a bus, a direct current breaker and a protection device, transmits electric energy to electric equipment, and can automatically identify and isolate system faults; the power transformation and distribution module is used for controlling the change of an electric system, current, voltage and frequency according to the electric energy requirement of the electric equipment and supplying power to auxiliary equipment, daily equipment and communication equipment; the driving module inputs electric energy for the driving motor and controls the rotating speed of the driving motor to drive various rotating devices to rotate; the energy storage module is used for controlling the storage and release of electric energy; the energy feedback safety release module is used for protecting the normal voltage of the power transmission and distribution loop when the absorption capacity of the energy storage module is excessive; the energy management module is used to monitor, control and manage the energy flow.
In an ac grid configuration, a prime mover speed regulator regulates the active power of the generator. The generator excitation system adjusts the generator terminal voltage and reactive power of the generator, and double-loop adjustment is carried out independently, so that fluctuation and instability are easy to occur in the load distribution of the power unit. In the embodiment, in order to meet the requirements of various different configurations of the oil drilling rig, the direct current power generation module is formed by connecting direct current power generator sets with any capacity in parallel, and the capacity and the working frequency of the power generator sets may be different. The direct-current generator is adopted for generating electricity, the harsh condition that the frequency, the phase and the amplitude of voltage required by the parallel connection of the traditional alternating-current generator set are the same is changed, the parallel connection time of each power source is shortened to hundreds of milliseconds from tens of seconds which are the same as the traditional alternating current, and the problems of reactive power occupation and overlarge harmonic wave in the rectification process in the traditional power generation system are fundamentally solved. In a direct current network structure, the higher the output direct current voltage of the parallel direct current generators is, the higher the output power thereof is. The active power of the generator in a steady state is determined by the speed regulator, and the dynamic response of the power of the generator is determined by the excitation system of the generator, so that the requirement on the speed regulation performance of the diesel engine and the gas engine is weakened to a great extent. On the basis of an alternating current rectifier generator excitation control strategy of voltage droop and double closed loop feedback control, an excitation control method of current negative feedforward of a diesel generator set is adopted. The control method improves the transient power average division during the parallel operation of the generator set, reduces the overshoot of the current output by the diesel generator during the sudden load addition of the parallel connection of the two generators, takes the ratio of the maximum overshoot value of the loading current and the steady-state current value as the evaluation index of the overshoot, and after the negative feed-forward control is introduced, the overshoot is obviously reduced.
The power transmission and distribution adopts 800VDC direct current system transmission, and the maximum voltage peak value can reach 1000 VDC. The power transmission and distribution module adopts a direct current distribution network, electric power is directly and completely transmitted by a direct current cable from a source to the driving device, each device is isolated by a direct current breaker, a power network system can be quickly switched out when a single device fails, and the stability of the network system is ensured. The power transmission and distribution module comprises a copper bar, a cable, a direct current breaker, a fast melting device, a direct current contactor, an electric energy controller and the like. The electric energy loss is less in the transmission process of direct current transmission, the transmission efficiency is high, and the current regulation and the function transmission direction change are convenient. The use cost of the direct current cable is lower than that of the alternating current cable, the use safety is high, the maintenance is simple, the volume of the system is reduced through direct current transmission, and the system is more flexible.
The power transformation and distribution module adopts a direct-current regional power distribution device powered by direct current to supply direct current to the front end of the inverter, reduces the strategy that the traditional frequency converter is changed from alternating current to direct current and then to alternating current, and can finish the transmission of electric energy by directly changing direct current into alternating current.
In this embodiment, the system further includes a protection module, and the protection module is configured to evaluate according to a current operation condition of the system, and perform an early warning prompt when an abnormal phenomenon occurs. The protection module comprises an energy management early warning unit, and the energy management early warning unit is used for making energy generation and consumption prediction according to the current energy use condition and drilling process parameters, giving energy storage early warning information and enabling workers to make energy storage in advance for later-stage action.
The protection module further comprises an input power imbalance early warning unit, wherein the input power imbalance early warning unit is used for monitoring the input power condition of an online generator or a network power supply in real time, judging and early warning the threshold value of each energy source in advance, and prompting field personnel or automatically adding a generator to meet the requirement of the system on energy.
The protection module also comprises a power limiting unit which is used for limiting the power exceeding the capability of the system for providing output energy so as to ensure that the whole power system does not generate oscillation or collapse.
The protection module also comprises a load and process early warning unit, wherein the load and process early warning unit is used for monitoring the load in real time, comparing the same drilling process to judge whether the current data is reasonable or not, evaluating the current load condition, judging whether an abnormal condition exists or not, monitoring the process flow, comparing the current load with the drilling process to judge whether the abnormal condition exists or not, early warning the abnormal condition, and referring the parameters as big data to provide power capacity data for the subsequent drilling process.
The protection module further comprises a short-circuit fault early warning unit and a fault automatic recovery unit, wherein the short-circuit fault early warning unit is used for judging and early warning network short-circuit faults of different levels, the influence range of the network short-circuit faults of different levels of the system is reduced, the power supply continuity of a load is improved, and devices at all levels and the same level are directly communicated and matched with each other. According to the short-circuit fault characteristics of the network, a direct-current integrated power system layered coordination protection strategy is adopted, and the coordination protection in the network and between the networks in different layers of the system can be realized through the protection strategy. And the automatic fault recovery unit judges whether the fault equipment can recover the normal function according to the current data. For example, inverter shutdown and other similar faults caused by overheating of the IGBT, when the shutdown caused by the faults is detected and the current parameters are checked to be restored to the normal range, the system evaluates the equipment and puts the equipment into use again after reaching the use standard.
Along with the improvement of the drilling machine process, the requirements of pump punching and pump pressure are higher and higher, the field load is larger and larger, and along with the promotion of the electric process of the drilling machine, the power required by an electric control system of the drilling machine during the operation of the drilling machine is larger and larger. The increase in capacity of the system places increasing demands on the power reserves in the field. Meanwhile, the on-site sudden load is also larger and larger, the impact load is large, the time is extremely short, the short-time load capacity is larger than the current online power generation capacity, and if a plurality of generator sets are connected in parallel for improving the impact resistance of the system, a lot of energy waste is caused. In the drilling process, the system is basically in a short-time repeated non-periodic transient limit operation state, the energy density, the power density and the impact on the system are extremely large, and therefore a proper energy storage system needs to be equipped for the type of load. Firstly, because the power density, energy density and response time of a single energy storage element are different greatly, it is difficult to simultaneously satisfy various control targets, such as output pulse power (high power demand, low energy demand and fast response time) and energy balance maintenance (low power demand, high energy demand and slow response time), of the integrated power system under different operating conditions.
In this embodiment, a composite coordination configuration model between a plurality of energy storage modes with obvious differences is established, and the energy storage module includes a battery pack charging interface, a bidirectional DC-DC converter, a 300V supercapacitor bank, and a 200V lithium battery pack, and there are a plurality of bidirectional DC-DC converters. The energy storage module is used for storing and releasing system electric energy, and supplies power to the system according to the mutation rate of impact load, so that the safe and stable operation of the system is ensured. The battery pack charging interface is connected with the bidirectional DC-DC converter, and the bidirectional DC-DC converter is connected with the 300V super capacitor bank or the 200V lithium battery pack. The energy storage module adopts a composite coordination configuration model of the super capacitor bank and the lithium battery bank, the electrical characteristic requirements of a drilling machine power system under different operation conditions can be met, and the stability and the shock resistance of the system are improved. The energy storage module can improve the energy regulation and control capability of the comprehensive power system. On one hand, the energy storage devices such as the super capacitor have the characteristics of high power density (2-18 kW/kg), low energy density (1-10 W.h)/kg), high response speed (1 s-10 min), long cycle service life (5-10 ten thousand times), high conversion efficiency (90-100%) and the like, the start-stop work of an impact load can be effectively supported by utilizing the quick energy throughput capacity of the energy storage device, and a combined scheme of composite energy storage is formed by combining the energy storage devices such as the storage battery with the characteristics of low power density (75-300W/kg), high energy density (30-50 W.h)/kg) and low response speed (1 min-3 h). Through a coordination control method and a capacity optimization and topology optimization configuration strategy, the operation characteristic of the impact load is improved, the impact on a comprehensive power system of the drilling machine caused by the impact load is greatly reduced, and the safe and stable operation of the system is maintained; on the other hand, the access of the energy storage device can also comprehensively improve the operation economy under the normal working condition of the system, and is favorable for improving the electric energy quality of the system. Under the condition of failure, the energy storage module can also ensure to provide electric energy for important loads of the drilling machine, and the power supply continuity of the drilling machine is improved. Therefore, the energy storage module can play roles of short-time power support and energy buffering, and can also be stored for a long time to prolong the service life of the battery.
The driving module comprises a driving frequency converter and a driving motor, the driving frequency converter inputs electric energy for the driving motor and controls the rotating speed of the driving motor, and the driving motor drives the drilling machine winch, the turntable, the slurry pump and the top drive. The driving frequency converter adopts a super-small integrated water-cooling inverter, and the driving motor adopts a permanent magnet or asynchronous motor.
According to the direct-current transmission power system of the oil drilling machine, the direct-current generator sets are connected in parallel to generate power, the problem of large harmonic waves in the rectifying process is solved, direct-current transmission is adopted in the power transmission and distribution process, the energy consumption is low, the transmission efficiency is high, the current adjustment and the function transmission direction change are convenient, the use cost of a direct-current cable is lower than that of an alternating-current cable, the use safety is high, the maintenance is simple, the system volume is reduced through the direct-current transmission, and the system is more flexible. The energy storage module has large capacity and high charging and discharging speed, and improves the stability and the shock resistance of the system. The protection module is arranged, so that the steady-state electric energy quality of the system can be kept, and the system can stably run in various aspects.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (9)
1. A direct current transmission power system of an oil rig, comprising: a direct current power generation module, a power transmission and distribution module, a power transformation and distribution module, a driving module, an energy storage module, an energy feedback safety release module and an energy management module, wherein,
the direct current power generation module is formed by connecting direct current generators in parallel and converts mechanical energy into electric energy;
the power transmission and distribution module is used for transmitting electric energy to electric equipment;
the power transformation and distribution module is used for controlling the change of an electric system, current, voltage and frequency according to the electric energy requirement of the electric equipment and supplying power to auxiliary equipment, daily equipment and communication equipment;
the driving module inputs electric energy for the driving motor, controls the rotating speed of the driving motor and drives various rotating devices to rotate;
the energy storage module is used for controlling the storage and release of electric energy;
the energy feedback safety release module is used for protecting the normal voltage of the power transmission and distribution loop when the absorption capacity of the energy storage module is excessive;
the energy management module is used to monitor, control and manage energy flow.
2. The oil-well rig direct current transmission power system of claim 1, further comprising a protection module for evaluating according to a current operating condition of the system and giving an early warning prompt when an abnormal phenomenon occurs.
3. The oil rig direct current transmission power system of claim 2, wherein the protection module comprises an energy management early warning unit for making energy production and consumption predictions based on current energy usage and drilling process parameters, and providing energy reserve early warning information.
4. The direct-current transmission power system of the petroleum drilling rig according to claim 2, wherein the protection module further comprises an input power imbalance early warning unit, and the input power imbalance early warning unit is used for monitoring the input power condition of an online generator or a grid power supply in real time and judging and early warning threshold values of various energy sources in advance.
5. The oil rig dc transmission power system of claim 2, wherein the protection module further comprises a power limiting unit for power limiting beyond the system's ability to provide output energy.
6. The direct-current transmission power system of the petroleum drilling machine as claimed in claim 2, wherein the protection module further comprises a load and process early warning unit, the load and process early warning unit is used for monitoring the load in real time, comparing the same drilling process to judge whether current data are reasonable or not, evaluating the current load condition, judging whether an abnormal condition exists or not, monitoring the process flow, comparing the current load with the drilling process to judge whether the abnormal condition exists or not, and early warning the abnormal condition.
7. The oil rig dc transmission power system of claim 1, wherein the energy storage module comprises a supercapacitor bank and a lithium battery bank.
8. The oil rig dc transmission power system of claim 1, wherein the drive module includes a drive inverter and a drive motor, the drive inverter inputting power to the drive motor and controlling the rotational speed of the drive motor, the drive motor driving the rig winch, the turntable, the mud pump, and the top drive.
9. The oil rig dc transmission power system of claim 8, wherein the drive inverter employs a super small integrated water cooled inverter.
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| CN116335625A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-06-27 | 四川宏华电气有限责任公司 | Petroleum drilling machine hybrid power system based on energy storage system and optimal control method thereof |
| CN116674425A (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-09-01 | 湖南文理学院 | Coordinated control method and system for power battery pack based on total amount consistency |
| CN116674425B (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-12-01 | 湖南文理学院 | Coordinated control method and system for power battery pack based on total amount consistency |
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