CN112635876A - Battery packaging structure, soft package lithium ion battery comprising battery packaging structure and preparation method - Google Patents
Battery packaging structure, soft package lithium ion battery comprising battery packaging structure and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112635876A CN112635876A CN202011635316.XA CN202011635316A CN112635876A CN 112635876 A CN112635876 A CN 112635876A CN 202011635316 A CN202011635316 A CN 202011635316A CN 112635876 A CN112635876 A CN 112635876A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention provides a packaging structure of a battery, a soft package lithium ion battery comprising the same and a preparation method, wherein the packaging structure comprises a first polymer layer and a metal layer which are sequentially wrapped on the outer side of a battery cell, and a second polymer layer which is optionally wrapped on the outer side of the metal layer; the thickness of the second polymer layer is less than or equal to 15 mu m, the energy density of the battery can be obviously improved, and the soft package lithium ion battery with the structure is simple in preparation process and wide in application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery structures, in particular to a battery packaging structure, a soft package lithium ion battery comprising the battery packaging structure and a preparation method of the battery packaging structure.
Background
The soft package lithium ion battery has the characteristics of high specific energy, good safety, flexible design and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of consumer electronics and electric automobiles. Soft package lithium ion batteries generally comprise a battery core assembled by positive and negative pole pieces and diaphragms, positive and negative pole tabs led out from the pole piece ends, and an aluminum plastic film coated outside the battery core. Due to the unique structure of the soft package lithium ion battery, the soft package lithium ion battery has the excellent characteristics of high safety performance, low weight, high energy density and the like.
The aluminum-plastic film generally comprises an outer nylon layer, a PET layer, an intermediate aluminum layer and an inner PP layer, and has extremely high barrier property, good stamping formability, puncture resistance, electrolyte resistance stability and excellent electrical insulation property.
At present, compared with a hard shell lithium ion battery, a soft package lithium ion battery has certain advantages in energy density, but the demand of the modern society for a high-energy-density lithium ion battery is increasing, and the development of a lithium ion battery with higher energy density is imperative.
CN204118197U discloses a soft package lithium ion battery module, wherein the soft package lithium ion battery layer unit comprises a soft package lithium ion battery, a frame and a heat dissipation plate, the frame is of a rectangular structure and is composed of at least one rectangular cavity, the heat dissipation plate is provided with pits with the same shape and number as the rectangular cavities of the frame, the heat dissipation plate is clamped in the frame, and the pits on the heat dissipation plate are sunk into the rectangular cavities of the frame; the soft package lithium ion battery is arranged in the concave pit of the heat dissipation plate, and a soft package lithium ion battery layer unit is integrally formed; at least two soft package lithium ion battery layer units are overlapped along the thickness direction and fixedly installed between the bottom plate and the upper cover through fastening bolts, so that a soft package lithium ion battery module is formed, and the heat dissipation and the energy density are improved.
CN109037813A discloses a high energy density soft package lithium ion battery formation process, which comprises the following steps: (1) pressurizing and heating the battery cell for the first time; (2) pre-charging the battery cell in the step (1) to a certain SOC; (3) cutting an air bag for the battery cell in the step (2); (4) vacuumizing the battery cell in the step (3) and performing pre-secondary sealing; (5) carrying out secondary pressurization and heating on the battery cell treated in the step (4); (6) and (5) pre-charging the battery cell in the step (5) to full charge. The invention has the advantages that the uniform, compact and stable SEI film can be effectively generated on the surface of the negative electrode, the liquid storage capacity of the battery cell is increased, and the thickness of the battery cell is reduced, but the preparation method has more technological improvements on the original soft package lithium ion battery.
CN210092147U discloses soft packet of lithium ion battery banding structure, including a top banding and two side banding that can hold utmost point ear to pass through, two side banding bilateral symmetry set up, two side banding perpendicular to side banding, two the side banding is all bent and is pasted on soft packet of lithium ion battery body through the rubber coating, the rubber coating covers two the edge of side banding.
In summary, the demand for high energy density lithium ion batteries is increasing, and there is a need to develop a lithium ion battery with higher energy density.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a battery packaging structure, which can effectively improve the energy density of a battery by more than 2%, and has the advantages of simple structure and feasible operation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a package structure of a battery, where the package structure includes a first polymer layer and a metal layer sequentially wrapped on an outer side of a battery core, and optionally a second polymer layer wrapped on an outer side of the metal layer; the thickness of the second polymer layer is 15 μm or less, and may be, for example, 0 μm, 2 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 7 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 12 μm, 14 μm or 15 μm, but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in this range are also applicable.
According to the packaging structure of the battery provided by the invention, the thickness of the second polymer layer is limited to be less than or equal to 15 micrometers, so that the energy density of the battery is improved, the change of a preparation process is less, and the application is convenient.
Preferably, the packaging structure comprises a first polymer layer and a metal layer which are sequentially wrapped on the outer side of the battery cell, and optionally a second polymer layer wrapped on the outer side of the metal layer; the thickness of the second polymer layer is less than or equal to 15 mu m.
Preferably, the first polymer layer is a polypropylene layer.
Preferably, the thickness of the first polymer layer is 60 to 80 μm, and may be, for example, 60 μm, 63 μm, 65 μm, 67 μm, 69 μm, 72 μm, 74 μm, 76 μm, 78 μm or 80 μm, but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in this range are also applicable.
Preferably, the metal layer is an aluminum layer.
The thickness of the metal layer is preferably 35 to 45 μm, and may be, for example, 35 μm, 37 μm, 38 μm, 39 μm, 40 μm, 41 μm, 42 μm, 43 μm, 44 μm or 45 μm, but is not limited to the values listed above, and other values not listed above in this range are also applicable.
Preferably, the second polymer layer comprises a polyethylene terephthalate layer and/or a nylon layer.
Preferably, the thickness of the second polymer layer is 2 to 8 μm, and may be, for example, 2 μm, 2.7 μm, 3.4 μm, 4 μm, 4.7 μm, 5.4 μm, 6 μm, 6.7 μm, 7.4 μm or 8 μm, but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in this range are also applicable.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a soft package lithium ion battery, which includes the packaging structure of the battery in the first aspect.
The soft package lithium ion battery has higher energy density due to the packaging structure of the battery in the first aspect.
Preferably, the soft package lithium ion battery further comprises a battery cell, and a negative electrode tab and a positive electrode tab which are arranged at two ends of the battery cell or at the same end.
Preferably, the battery cell is formed by winding or laminating a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a diaphragm.
Preferably, the preparation method comprises: and partially or completely stripping the second polymer layer on the surface of the packaged soft package lithium ion battery to obtain the soft package lithium ion battery.
Preferably, the thickness of the second polymer layer before peeling is 30 to 40 μm, and may be, for example, 30 μm, 32 μm, 33 μm, 34 μm, 35 μm, 36 μm, 37 μm, 38 μm, 39 μm or 40 μm, but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in this range are also applicable.
Preferably, the peeling comprises chemical peeling and/or physical peeling.
Preferably, the physical peeling comprises mechanical peeling or thermal pressure peeling.
Preferably, the chemical stripping comprises corrosion stripping.
The positive electrode, the negative electrode, the tab material and the cell structure are not particularly limited, and any positive electrode, negative electrode, tab material and cell structure which can be used for soft package lithium ion batteries and are well known to those skilled in the art can be adopted.
The positive electrode material may be, for example, lithium manganate (LiMnO)2) Lithium cobaltate (LiCoO)2) Or lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (LixNiMnCoO)2) Any one or a combination of at least two of them.
The anode material may be, for example, any one of graphite, a silicon anode, or mesophase carbon spheres, or a combination of at least two of them.
The separator material may be, for example, a PE film or a PP film.
The tab material may be, for example, a 4.5 μm thick copper foil, a 6 μm thick copper foil, an 8 μm thick copper foil, a 13 μm thick aluminum foil, or a 15 μm aluminum foil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the packaging structure of the battery, the thickness of the second polymer layer is reduced, so that the energy density of the soft package lithium ion battery can be improved;
(2) the soft package lithium ion battery provided by the invention has high energy density, the volume energy density is more than or equal to 602Wh/L for the specific soft package lithium ion battery, compared with the soft package lithium ion battery without the second polymer layer, the volume energy density is improved by more than 2%, and can be improved by more than 3% under better conditions, the preparation process is simple, and the application prospect is wide.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a soft package lithium ion battery provided in application example 1 of the present invention and a package structure provided in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a soft package lithium ion battery provided in application example 2 and a package structure provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-packaging the structure; 11-a first polymer layer; 12-a metal layer; 13-a second polymer layer; 2-a negative pole tab; 3-positive pole ear; and 4-electric core.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
The present invention is described in further detail below. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the claims, which are defined by the claims.
First, examples and comparative examples
Example 1
The embodiment provides a package structure of a battery, as shown in fig. 1, where the package structure 1 includes a first polymer layer 11 and a metal layer 12 sequentially wrapped on an outer side of a battery core 4; the first polymer layer 11 is a polypropylene layer, and the thickness of the first polymer layer 11 is 78 μm; the metal layer 12 is an aluminum layer; the thickness of the metal layer 12 is 40 μm.
Example 2
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the package structure 1 includes a first polymer layer 11 and a metal layer 12 sequentially wrapped on the outer side of a battery core 4; and a second polymer layer 13 wrapped outside the metal layer 12; the first polymer layer 11 is a polypropylene layer, and the thickness of the first polymer layer 11 is 60 μm; the metal layer 12 is an aluminum layer; the thickness of the metal layer 12 is 35 μm; the second polymer layer 13 comprises a polyethylene terephthalate layer and a nylon layer in sequence; the thickness of the polyethylene terephthalate layer is 5 mu m; the thickness of the nylon layer is 10 μm.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a packaging structure of a battery, which includes a first polymer layer and a metal layer sequentially wrapped outside a battery core; and a second polymer layer wrapped outside the metal layer; the first polymer layer is a polypropylene layer, and the thickness of the first polymer layer is 80 μm; the metal layer is an aluminum layer; the thickness of the metal layer is 45 μm; the second polymer layer sequentially comprises a nylon layer and a polyethylene terephthalate layer; the thickness of the polyethylene terephthalate layer is 2 mu m; the thickness of the nylon layer is 5 μm.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a package structure of a battery, which further includes a second polymer layer wrapped on the outer side of the metal layer; the second polymer layer was a 5 μm nylon layer, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Example 5
The present embodiment provides a package structure of a battery, which further includes a second polymer layer wrapped on the outer side of the metal layer; the second polymer layer was a 10 μm nylon layer, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Example 6
The present embodiment provides a package structure of a battery, which further includes a second polymer layer wrapped on the outer side of the metal layer; the second polymer layer was a 1 μm nylon layer, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
The present comparative example provides a package structure of a battery, the package structure further including a second polymer layer wrapped outside the metal layer; the second polymer layer was a 35 μm nylon layer, the remainder being the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The present comparative example provides a package structure of a battery, the package structure further including a second polymer layer wrapped outside the metal layer; the second polymer layer was a 35 μm polyethylene terephthalate layer, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
The present comparative example provides a package structure of a battery, the package structure further including a second polymer layer wrapped outside the metal layer; the second polymer layer sequentially comprises a nylon layer and a polyethylene terephthalate layer; the thickness of the polyethylene terephthalate layer is 20 μm; the nylon layer was the same as in example 1 except that the thickness was 15 μm.
Comparative example 4
The present comparative example provides a package structure of a battery, the package structure further including a second polymer layer wrapped outside the metal layer; the second polymer layer sequentially comprises a polyethylene terephthalate layer and a nylon layer; the thickness of the polyethylene terephthalate layer is 30 μm; the nylon layer was the same as in example 1 except that the thickness was 10 μm.
Second, application example and application comparative example
Application example 1
The application example provides a soft package lithium ion battery, as shown in fig. 1, where the soft package lithium ion battery includes a package structure 1 of a battery described in embodiment 1; the soft package lithium ion battery also comprises a battery cell 4, and a negative electrode tab 2 and a positive electrode tab 3 which are arranged at two ends of the battery cell 4; the battery cell 4 is formed by winding or laminating a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a diaphragm.
The application example also provides a preparation method of the soft package lithium ion battery, which comprises the following steps: completely stripping the second polymer layer on the surface of the packaged soft package lithium ion battery by adopting a hot pressing stripping method, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 180 ℃, the pressure is 0.5MPa, and the hot pressing duration is 30s, so as to obtain the soft package lithium ion battery; the thickness of the second polymer layer before the peeling was 35 μm.
Application example 2
The present application example provides a soft package lithium ion battery, as shown in fig. 2, where the soft package lithium ion battery includes a package structure 1 of a battery described in embodiment 2; the soft package lithium ion battery also comprises a battery cell 4, and a negative electrode tab 2 and a positive electrode tab 3 which are arranged at two ends of the battery cell 4; the battery cell 4 is formed by winding or laminating a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a diaphragm.
The application example also provides a preparation method of the soft package lithium ion battery, which comprises the following steps: scraping the nylon layer part of the second polymer layer on the surface of the packaged soft package lithium ion battery by adopting a scraper stripping method, and only retaining the polyethylene terephthalate layer to obtain the soft package lithium ion battery; before the peeling, the thickness of the polyethylene terephthalate layer is 5 μm; the thickness of the nylon layer is 25 μm.
Application example 3
The application example provides a soft package lithium ion battery, which comprises the packaging structure of the battery in the embodiment 3; the soft package lithium ion battery also comprises a battery cell, and a negative electrode lug and a positive electrode lug which are arranged at two ends of the battery cell; the battery cell is formed by winding or laminating a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a diaphragm.
The application example also provides a preparation method of the soft package lithium ion battery, which comprises the following steps: scraping the nylon layer part of the second polymer layer on the surface of the packaged soft package lithium ion battery by adopting a scraper stripping method, and only retaining the polyethylene terephthalate layer to obtain the soft package lithium ion battery; before the peeling, the thickness of the polyethylene terephthalate layer is 5 μm; the thickness of the nylon layer is 25 μm.
Application examples 4 to 6
Application examples 4 to 6 respectively provide a soft package lithium ion battery, and the rest of the soft package lithium ion battery is the same as the application example 1 except that the soft package lithium ion battery respectively comprises the battery packaging structures of the embodiments 4 to 6.
Application example 7
The application example provides a soft package lithium ion battery, which comprises the packaging structure of the battery in the embodiment 1; the soft package lithium ion battery also comprises a battery cell, and a negative electrode lug and a positive electrode lug which are arranged at two ends of the battery cell; the battery cell is formed by winding or laminating a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a diaphragm.
The application example also provides a preparation method of the soft package lithium ion battery, which comprises the following steps: completely stripping the second polymer layer on the surface of the packaged soft package lithium ion battery by adopting a chemical corrosion stripping method, wherein the chemical corrosion agent is hydrofluoric acid, the corrosion time is 10min, and the temperature is 90 ℃, so as to obtain the soft package lithium ion battery; the thickness of the second polymer layer before the peeling was 35 μm.
Application comparative examples 1 to 4
The application comparative examples 1 to 4 respectively provide a soft package lithium ion battery, and the soft package lithium ion battery is the same as the application example 1 except that the soft package lithium ion battery respectively comprises the packaging structures of the batteries of the comparative examples 1 to 4 and is not stripped.
Third, test and results
In order to compare the energy density of the soft package lithium ion battery conveniently, the negative electrode material of the soft package lithium ion battery cell is made of graphite, the positive electrode material is nickel cobalt lithium manganate, the electrolyte is mainly ethyl carbonate, the diaphragm is a PP (polypropylene) film, the tab materials are made of aluminum foil materials, and the thicknesses of the tab materials are respectively 13 micrometers. The energy density testing method adopts a charge-discharge tester, fully charges and then fully discharges according to 0.33C, records discharge energy E, then weighs cell volume V, and calculates volume energy density when E/V is volume energy density. The energy densities of the above application examples and comparative application examples are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Energy Density (Wh/L) | |
| Application example 1 | 607.7 |
| Application example 2 | 602.0 |
| Application example 3 | 605.1 |
| Application example 4 | 606.2 |
| Application example 5 | 603.5 |
| Application example 6 | 607.1 |
| Application comparative example 1 | 588.3 |
| Comparative application example 2 | 589.2 |
| Comparative application example 3 | 589.5 |
| Application comparative example 4 | 586.9 |
From table 1, the following points can be seen:
(1) the comprehensive application examples 1-6 show that the packaging structure of the battery provided by the invention can improve the energy density of the battery, the volume energy density of the battery is improved by more than 2% compared with a soft package lithium ion battery without the second polymer layer, and can be improved by more than 3% under the better condition, and for the specific soft package lithium ion battery, the volume energy density is more than or equal to 602 Wh/L;
(2) as can be seen from the combination of application example 1 and application comparative examples 1 to 4, the energy density of the soft pack lithium ion battery in application example 1 was 607.7Wh/L compared to the total thickness of the second polymer layer in application comparative examples 1 to 4 of 35 μm, 35 μm and 40 μm, respectively, whereas the energy density of the soft pack lithium ion battery in application example 1 was 588.3Wh/L, 589.2Wh/L, 589.5Wh/L and 586.9Wh/L compared to application comparative examples 1 to 4, respectively, i.e., the energy density of the volume of application example 1 was increased by 3.30%, 3.14%, 3.09% and 3.54% compared to application comparative examples 1 to 4, respectively, thereby showing that the present invention increases the energy density of the volume of the battery by limiting the thickness of the second polymer layer to 15 μm or less;
(3) it can be seen from the comprehensive application examples 1 and 4-6 that the second polymer layer is not arranged in the application example 1, and compared with the application examples 4-6 that a part of the second polymer layer is still remained, the energy density of the soft package lithium ion battery in the application example 1 is 607.7Wh/L, and the volume energy densities of the application comparative examples 4-6 are 606.2Wh/L, 603.5Wh/L and 607.1Wh/L, respectively, but the thickness of the second polymer layer in the application example 4 is 5 μm, the energy density is still high, and the problem of preventing scratches in the transportation process of the soft package lithium ion battery can be solved.
In conclusion, the packaging structure of the battery provided by the invention can obviously improve the energy density of the battery by more than 2%, and can improve the energy density by more than 3% under better conditions, and the soft package lithium ion battery containing the structure has the advantages of simple preparation process and wide application range.
The applicant declares that the present invention illustrates the detailed structural features of the present invention through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must be implemented depending on the above detailed structural features. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modifications of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of selected components of the present invention, additions of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The packaging structure of the battery is characterized by comprising a first polymer layer, a metal layer and a second polymer layer, wherein the first polymer layer and the metal layer are sequentially wrapped on the outer side of a battery core, and the second polymer layer is optionally wrapped on the outer side of the metal layer;
the thickness of the second polymer layer is less than or equal to 15 mu m.
2. The package structure of claim 1, wherein the first polymer layer is a polypropylene layer;
preferably, the thickness of the first polymer layer is 60 to 80 μm.
3. The package structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the metal layer is an aluminum layer;
preferably, the thickness of the metal layer is 35-45 μm.
4. The package structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second polymer layer comprises a polyethylene terephthalate layer and/or a nylon layer;
preferably, the thickness of the second polymer layer is 2-8 μm.
5. A soft package lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising the packaging structure of the battery of any one of claims 1-4.
6. The soft package lithium ion battery of claim 5, further comprising a battery cell, and a negative electrode tab and a positive electrode tab disposed at two ends or the same end of the battery cell;
preferably, the battery cell is formed by winding or laminating a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a diaphragm.
7. The method for preparing the soft package lithium ion battery according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and partially or completely stripping the second polymer layer on the surface of the packaged soft package lithium ion battery to obtain the soft package lithium ion battery.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the thickness of the second polymer layer before peeling is 30 to 40 μm.
9. The production method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the peeling comprises chemical peeling and/or physical peeling.
10. The production method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the physical peeling comprises mechanical peeling or hot press peeling;
preferably, the chemical stripping comprises corrosion stripping.
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