CN112630038A - Device and method for simulating three-dimensional stress accumulation of rock mass - Google Patents
Device and method for simulating three-dimensional stress accumulation of rock mass Download PDFInfo
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- CN112630038A CN112630038A CN202011363852.9A CN202011363852A CN112630038A CN 112630038 A CN112630038 A CN 112630038A CN 202011363852 A CN202011363852 A CN 202011363852A CN 112630038 A CN112630038 A CN 112630038A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 157
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 241000923606 Schistes Species 0.000 description 3
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- 229920006311 Urethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0044—Pneumatic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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Abstract
A device and method for simulating three-dimensional stress accumulation of rock mass comprises a counter-force mechanism, a pressure bearing box, a simulation box, a filler and an induction system, wherein the filler is arranged in the simulation box, a stress sheet of the induction system is in contact with the filler, the simulation box is positioned in the pressure bearing box, the pressure bearing box is positioned on a counter-thrust plate of the counter-force mechanism and is abutted against a jack, a trapezoidal bag body in the pressure bearing box is inflated through an inflator, the trapezoidal bag body extrudes the simulation box, the stress sheet positioned in the simulation box transmits different direction individual stress sensing data to a display screen of a processor, and then the simulation box is subjected to CT scanning to observe the plastic deformation condition of the simulation box. The invention overcomes the problem that the field survey is difficult due to the influence of environmental factors in the original rock engineering, has the characteristics of simple structure, simple and convenient operation, and can simulate the change condition of stress accumulation of different directions of rock mass.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rock mass stress simulation measurement, and relates to a device and a method for simulating rock mass three-dimensional stress accumulation.
Background
Because of the complexity of geotechnical engineering, environmental factors, influence of regional factors and external factors, uncertain factors of the geotechnical are more, the complex geological condition causes that the investigation of the geotechnical body is difficult to realize, because of more geotechnical environmental factors and limited factors of measurement tests, and the existing various simulation devices can not reach the capability of regulating and controlling the lateral limit, thereby causing that the experiment operation is not convenient enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a device and a method for simulating three-dimensional stress accumulation of a rock mass, which have simple structure, wherein filler is arranged in a simulation box, a stress sheet of an induction system is in contact with the filler, the simulation box is positioned in a pressure bearing box, the pressure bearing box is positioned on a counter-thrust plate of a counter-force mechanism and is abutted against a jack, an inflator inflates a trapezoidal bag body in the pressure bearing box, the trapezoidal bag body extrudes the simulation box, the stress sheet positioned in the simulation box transmits the stress sensing data of different directions to a display screen of a processor, and then the simulation box is subjected to CT scanning to observe the plastic deformation condition of the simulation box, so that the change condition of stress accumulation of different directions of the rock mass is simulated, and the operation is simple and.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a device for simulating three-dimensional stress accumulation of a rock body comprises a counterforce mechanism, a compression box, a simulation box, a filler and an induction system; the simulation box is positioned in the compression box and is contacted with the trapezoidal capsule, the filler is positioned in the simulation box, the stress sheet of the induction system is contacted with the filler, the simulation box is positioned on the top counter-pushing plate of the counter-force mechanism and is abutted against the jack, and the stress born by the simulation box is transmitted to the processor after being induced by the stress sheet.
The counter-force mechanism comprises a top plate and a counter-push plate which are connected with the counter-force frame, and a jack connected with the top plate.
The pressurized box is a hollow rectangular box body, the upper part of the pressurized box is provided with a box cover, the four corners of the pressurized box are provided with symmetrical clapboards, a trapezoidal utricule is arranged between every two clapboards, and rib plates are arranged on the side surfaces of the box cover and the box body.
The trapezoidal bag body is a hollow air bag with a regular trapezoidal structure, and an air pipe arranged on the inclined surface is connected with an inflator.
The simulation box is a hollow closed box body and is formed by splicing a plurality of acrylic plates and a plurality of polyurethane rubber joints.
The filler comprises interlayer paper, expansion cement paste and mica sheets, wherein the expansion cement paste and the mica sheets are arranged at intervals, and the interlayer paper is located between the expansion cement paste and the mica sheets.
The filler is horizontally filled in the simulation box or obliquely filled in the simulation box.
The stress sheet is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the simulation box or vertically arranged at the center or vertically arranged at one side of the simulation box to be contacted with the filler.
The induction system comprises a stress sheet attached to the flitch and a processor electrically connected with the stress sheet.
The simulation method of the device for simulating the three-way stress accumulation of the rock body comprises the following steps:
s1, installing a sensing system, horizontally fixing the flitch on the bottom of the simulation box by adopting a heat insulation tape, or vertically fixing the flitch on the center of the simulation box, or vertically fixing the flitch on one side of the simulation box, fixing a plurality of stress pieces on the flitch, and connecting a data line connected with the stress pieces with a processor;
s2, filling, namely filling the expanded cement paste and the mica sheets into the simulation box at intervals, wherein the expanded cement paste and the mica sheets are isolated by interlayer paper; the expanded cement paste and the mica sheet are horizontal or inclined; inserting the acrylic plate at the top of the simulation box into the notch of the polyurethane rubber joint to seal the simulation box;
s3, installing, namely placing the filled simulation box in the center of the pressure box, sequentially inserting a plurality of trapezoidal bag bodies between two clapboards, and enabling the tops of the trapezoidal bag bodies with smaller sections to abut against one side of the simulation box; the box cover is matched and sealed with the upper end of the pressure-bearing box; placing the sealed pressed box on a counter-thrust plate of a counter-force mechanism; the telescopic end of the jack extends to be abutted against the box cover;
s4, before simulation, the inflator is started to punch towards the trapezoidal bag body, so that the trapezoidal bag body is expanded and formed, and the side face of one end of the trapezoidal bag body with a smaller section is fully contacted with the side face of the simulation box; closing a power supply of the processor to enable data on a display screen of the processor to be in a return-to-zero state;
s5, simulating, inflating the trapezoidal bag body again, and stopping when the air pressure reaches the depth pressure value of the tested rock mass; at the moment, the expanded cement slurry expands, and stress values induced by stress pieces in different directions are displayed on a display screen of the processor;
and S6, observing the plastic deformation condition of the simulation box in a compact state through CT scanning.
A device for simulating three-dimensional stress accumulation of a rock body comprises a counterforce mechanism, a compression box, a simulation box, a filler and an induction system; the simulation box is located the pressurized box and contacts with trapezoidal utricule, and the filler is located the simulation box, and induction system's stress piece contacts with the filler, and the simulation box is located the top counter-push board of counter-force mechanism and is contradicted with the jack, and the stress that the simulation box bore is transmitted to the treater after being responded to by the stress piece. Simple structure, through set up the filler in the simulation box, induction system's stress piece and filler contact, the simulation box is located the pressurized box, the pressurized box is located and contradicts with the jack in the counter-pressure board of counter-force mechanism, aerify to the trapezoidal utricule in the pressurized box through the inflator, trapezoidal utricule forms the extrusion to the simulation box, be located the simulation box on the display screen of stress piece with the individual induction stress data transmission of different position to treater, carry out the plastic deformation condition of CT scanning observation simulation box to the simulation box again, reach the situation of change that the different position stress of simulation rock mass was saved, easy operation is convenient.
In a preferred solution, the counter force mechanism comprises a top plate and a counter plate connected to the counter frame, and a jack connected to the top plate. Simple structure, when using, the jack exerts the pressure to the pressurized box.
In preferred scheme, the pressurized box is the box body of cavity rectangle, is located upper portion and sets up the lid, is located the baffle of four corners setting mutual symmetry in the box body, sets up trapezoidal utricule between per two baffles, is located lid and box body side and sets up the gusset. Simple structure, during the use, trapezoidal utricule side direction inserts between two baffles, and the less one end in cross-section is towards trapezoidal utricule, and it is spacing to it by the baffle, treats that trapezoidal utricule covers the lid after whole inserts, and the gusset that is located lid and box body side setting improves holistic structural strength.
In a preferred scheme, the trapezoidal bag body is a hollow air bag with a regular trapezoidal structure, and an air pipe arranged on the inclined surface is connected with the inflator. Simple structure, during the use, the aerator inflates trapezoidal utricule, makes its trapezoidal utricule inflate inflation and contradict with the simulation box, makes its simulation box receive the extrusion, simulates the pressure of deep rock.
In a preferred scheme, the simulation box is a hollow closed box body and is formed by splicing a plurality of acrylic plates and a plurality of polyurethane rubber joints. Simple structure, during the use, adopt a plurality of ya keli boards to connect with the grafting of polyurethane rubber and constitute the simulation box, equipment convenient and fast.
In a preferred scheme, the filler comprises interlayer paper, expanded cement paste and mica sheets, wherein the expanded cement paste and the mica sheets are arranged at intervals, and the interlayer paper is positioned between the expanded cement paste and the mica sheets. Simple structure, during the use, interlayer paper prevents the seepage of inflation grout before the inflation, and inflation grout is used for simulating soft rock, and the mica sheet is used for simulating the joint layer of schist.
In a preferred embodiment, the filler is filled horizontally or obliquely in the simulation box. The structure is simple, and when the device is used, the filler is horizontal or inclined, so that the device is beneficial to simulating bedding soft rock with different structures.
In a preferred scheme, the stress sheet is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the simulation box or vertically arranged at the center or one side of the simulation box to be in contact with the filler. Simple structure, during the use, the stress piece is laid in simulation box bottom, center or one side, forms the induction point in a plurality of different position, and the data of surveying is more, more abundant and more perfect.
In a preferred scheme, the induction system comprises a stress sheet attached to the flitch and a processor electrically connected with the stress sheet. The structure is simple, when the simulation box is used, the pasting board is pasted at the bottom, the center or one side of the simulation box through the heat insulation adhesive tape, then the stress sheet is pasted on the pasting board, the stress sheet is electrically connected with the processor through the data line, and during connection, the data line penetrates through the simulation box and the compression box.
In a preferred embodiment, the simulation method of the device for simulating the three-way stress accumulation of the rock body comprises the following steps:
s1, installing a sensing system, horizontally fixing the flitch on the bottom of the simulation box by adopting a heat insulation tape, or vertically fixing the flitch on the center of the simulation box, or vertically fixing the flitch on one side of the simulation box, fixing a plurality of stress pieces on the flitch, and connecting a data line connected with the stress pieces with a processor;
s2, filling, namely filling the expanded cement paste and the mica sheets into the simulation box at intervals, wherein the expanded cement paste and the mica sheets are isolated by interlayer paper; the expanded cement paste and the mica sheet are horizontal or inclined; inserting the acrylic plate at the top of the simulation box into the notch of the polyurethane rubber joint to seal the simulation box;
s3, installing, namely placing the filled simulation box in the center of the pressure box, sequentially inserting a plurality of trapezoidal bag bodies between two clapboards, and enabling the tops of the trapezoidal bag bodies with smaller sections to abut against one side of the simulation box; the box cover is matched and sealed with the upper end of the pressure-bearing box; placing the sealed pressed box on a counter-thrust plate of a counter-force mechanism; the telescopic end of the jack extends to be abutted against the box cover;
s4, before simulation, the inflator is started to punch towards the trapezoidal bag body, so that the trapezoidal bag body is expanded and formed, and the side face of one end of the trapezoidal bag body with a smaller section is fully contacted with the side face of the simulation box; closing a power supply of the processor to enable data on a display screen of the processor to be in a return-to-zero state;
s5, simulating, inflating the trapezoidal bag body again, and stopping when the air pressure reaches the depth pressure value of the tested rock mass; at the moment, the expanded cement slurry expands, and stress values induced by stress pieces in different directions are displayed on a display screen of the processor;
and S6, observing the plastic deformation condition of the simulation box in a compact state through CT scanning. The method is simple and convenient to operate, and is beneficial to simulating the plastic deformation of the rock mass caused by the stress accumulation of the rock mass.
A device and method for simulating three-dimensional stress accumulation of rock mass comprises a counter-force mechanism, a pressure bearing box, a simulation box, a filler and an induction system, wherein the filler is arranged in the simulation box, a stress sheet of the induction system is in contact with the filler, the simulation box is positioned in the pressure bearing box, the pressure bearing box is positioned on a counter-thrust plate of the counter-force mechanism and is abutted against a jack, a trapezoidal bag body in the pressure bearing box is inflated through an inflator, the trapezoidal bag body extrudes the simulation box, the stress sheet positioned in the simulation box transmits different direction individual stress sensing data to a display screen of a processor, and then the simulation box is subjected to CT scanning to observe the plastic deformation condition of the simulation box. The invention overcomes the problem that the field survey is difficult due to the influence of environmental factors in the original rock engineering, has the characteristics of simple structure, simple and convenient operation, and can simulate the change condition of stress accumulation of different directions of rock mass.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the interior of the compression box of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the box cover of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection of the separator to the compression box according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a trapezoidal shaped bladder of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the trapezoidal shaped capsule inserted into the pressurized box according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the simulation box of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing a structure in which the dummy cartridge according to the present invention is pressed inside.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing a structure in which the dummy cartridge according to the present invention is pressed from the outside.
Fig. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of stress sheet installation according to the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of the horizontal arrangement of the fillers in the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of the oblique arrangement of the fillers according to the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a reaction force mechanism 1, a reaction force frame 11, a top plate 12, a counter-thrust plate 13, a jack 14, a pressure bearing box 2, a box cover 21, a partition plate 22, a trapezoidal bag body 23, a rib plate 24, an inflator 25, a simulation box 3, an acrylic plate 31, a polyurethane rubber joint 32, filler 4, interlayer paper 41, expanded cement paste 42, a mica sheet 43, a sensing system 5, a pasting plate 51, a stress sheet 52 and a processor 53.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 12, a device for simulating three-way stress accumulation of a rock body comprises a counterforce mechanism 1, a compression box 2, a simulation box 3, a filler 4 and an induction system 5; the simulation box 3 is positioned in the pressure bearing box 2 and is contacted with the trapezoidal capsule 23, the filler 4 is positioned in the simulation box 3, the stress sheet 52 of the induction system 5 is contacted with the filler 4, the simulation box 3 is positioned on the top counter plate 13 of the counter force mechanism 1 and is abutted against the jack 14, and the stress born by the simulation box 3 is transmitted to the processor 53 after being induced by the stress sheet 52. Simple structure, through set up filler 4 in simulation box 3, induction system 5's stress piece 52 and the contact of filler 4, simulation box 3 is located pressurized box 2, pressurized box 2 is located and contradicts with jack 14 on the counter-thrust board 13 of counter-force mechanism 1, inflate trapezoidal utricule 23 in pressurized box 2 through inflator 25, trapezoidal utricule 23 forms the extrusion to simulation box 3, be located simulation box 3 internal stress piece 52 with the individual inductive stress data transmission of different position to the display screen of treater 53 on, carry out the plastic deformation condition that CT scan observed simulation box 3 to simulation box 3 again, reach the situation of change that the different position stress of simulation rock mass was saved, and easy operation is convenient.
In a preferred embodiment, the reaction force mechanism 1 includes a top plate 12 and a counter plate 13 connected to the reaction force frame 11, and a jack 14 connected to the top plate 12. The structure is simple, and when in use, the jack 14 applies pressure on the pressure box 2.
In the preferred scheme, the compression box 2 is a hollow rectangular box body, the box cover 21 is arranged on the upper portion of the box body, the four symmetrical partition plates 22 are arranged at the four corners of the box body, a trapezoidal bag body 23 is arranged between every two partition plates 22, and rib plates 24 are arranged on the side faces of the box cover 21 and the box body. Simple structure, during the use, trapezoidal utricule 23 side direction inserts between two baffles 22, and the less one end in cross-section is towards trapezoidal utricule 23, and it is spacing to it by baffle 22, treats that trapezoidal utricule 23 all inserts back lid 21, is located lid 21 and box body side setting's gusset 24 and improves holistic structural strength.
Preferably, the material of the compression box 2 is acrylic sheet.
In a preferred embodiment, the trapezoidal bag body 23 is a hollow airbag with a regular trapezoidal structure, and an air pipe disposed on the inclined surface is connected to the inflator 25. Simple structure, during the use, inflator 25 aerifys trapezoidal utricule 23, makes its trapezoidal utricule 23 aerify inflation and contradict with simulation box 3, makes its simulation box 3 receive the extrusion, simulates the pressure of deep rock.
Preferably, the trapezoidal capsule 23 is filled with pressure with different intensity or the same intensity, so as to adjust the lateral limit intensity received by the simulation box 3 to simulate the real stress condition of the rock-soil body in the soft rock cavern.
In a preferred embodiment, the simulation box 3 is a hollow closed box body, and is formed by inserting a plurality of acrylic plates 31 and a plurality of urethane rubber joints 32. Simple structure, during the use, adopt a plurality of ya keli boards 31 to peg graft with polyurethane rubber joint 32 and constitute simulation box 3, equipment convenient and fast.
Preferably, the urethane rubber joint 32 is a three-way structure, and is provided with notches on the inner side, and the side edges of the acrylic plates 31 are matched with the notches.
Preferably, the lubricating oil is coated in the notch of the polyurethane rubber joint 32, so that the lubricating oil can be matched with the notch to slide after being stressed, the resistance is reduced, and the simulation box 3 tends to real rock body deformation when being deformed.
In a preferred scheme, the filler 4 comprises interlayer paper 41, expanded cement slurry 42 and mica sheets 43, the expanded cement slurry 42 and the mica sheets 43 are arranged at intervals, and the interlayer paper 41 is located between the expanded cement slurry 42 and the mica sheets 43. The structure is simple, and when the cement expansion joint is used, the interlayer paper 41 prevents the expansion cement slurry 42 from leaking before expansion, the expansion cement slurry 42 is used for simulating soft rock, and the mica sheet 43 is used for simulating a joint layer of schist.
Preferably, the content of the expanding agent in the expanded cement slurry 42 is adjusted to adjust the intensity of the stress accumulated in the simulation box 3 so as to simulate the real situation of the stress accumulated in the rock under different depth environments.
In a preferred embodiment, the filler 4 is filled in the simulation box 3 horizontally or in the simulation box 3 in an inclined shape. The structure is simple, and when the device is used, the filler 4 is horizontal or inclined, so that the device is beneficial to simulating different structural bedding soft rocks.
In a preferable scheme, the stress sheet 52 is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the simulation box 3 or vertically arranged at the center or one side of the simulation box 3 to be in contact with the filler 4. Simple structure, during the use, stress piece 52 is laid in simulation box 3 bottom, center or one side, forms the induction point of a plurality of different position, and the data of surveying is more, more abundant and more perfect.
In a preferred embodiment, the sensing system 5 includes a stress sheet 52 attached to the pasting board 51, and a processor 53 electrically connected to the stress sheet 52. The structure is simple, when the simulation box is used, the pasting board 51 is pasted at the bottom, the center or one side of the simulation box 3 by the heat insulation adhesive tape, the stress sheet 52 is pasted on the pasting board 51, the stress sheet 52 is electrically connected with the processor 53 through the data line, and when the simulation box 3 and the compression box 2 are connected, the data line penetrates through the simulation box 3 and the compression box 2.
In a preferred embodiment, the simulation method of the device for simulating three-way stress accumulation of rock mass as described above comprises the following steps:
s1, installing a sensing system, horizontally fixing the flitch 51 at the bottom of the simulation box 3 by adopting a heat insulation tape, or vertically fixing the flitch 51 at the center of the simulation box 3, or vertically fixing the flitch 51 at one side of the simulation box 3, fixing a plurality of stress sheets 52 on the flitch 51, and connecting data lines connected with the stress sheets 52 with the processor 53;
s2, filling, namely filling the expanded cement slurry 42 and the mica sheets 43 into the simulation box 3 at intervals, wherein the expanded cement slurry 42 and the mica sheets 43 are isolated by the interlayer paper 41; the expanded cement slurry 42 and the mica sheets 43 are horizontal or inclined; inserting the acrylic plate 31 on the top of the simulation box 3 into the notch of the polyurethane rubber joint 32 to close the simulation box 3;
s3, installing, namely placing the filled simulation box 3 in the center of the pressure box 2, sequentially inserting a plurality of trapezoidal capsule bodies 23 between the two partition plates 22, and enabling the tops of the trapezoidal capsule bodies 23 with smaller sections to abut against one side of the simulation box 3; the box cover 21 is matched and sealed with the upper end of the pressure-bearing box 2; the sealed pressed box 2 is placed on a counter-thrust plate 13 of the counter-force mechanism 1; the telescopic end of the jack 14 extends to abut against the box cover 21;
s4, before simulation, the inflator 25 is started to punch the trapezoidal bag body 23, so that the trapezoidal bag body 23 is expanded and formed, and the side face of the smaller section end of the trapezoidal bag body 23 is fully contacted with the side face of the simulation box 3; turning off the power supply of the processor 53 to make the data on the display screen of the processor 53 in a return-to-zero state;
s5, simulating, inflating the trapezoidal bag body 23 again, and stopping when the air pressure reaches the depth pressure value of the tested rock mass; at this time, the expanded cement slurry 42 is expanded, and the stress values sensed by the stress sheets 52 in different directions are displayed on the display screen of the processor 53;
s6, plastic deformation of the simulation box 3 in a compact state is observed through CT scanning. The method is simple and convenient to operate, and is beneficial to simulating the plastic deformation of the rock mass caused by the stress accumulation of the rock mass.
When the device and the method for simulating the three-way stress accumulation of the rock mass are installed and used, the filler 4 is arranged in the simulation box 3, the stress sheet 52 of the induction system 5 is in contact with the filler 4, the simulation box 3 is positioned in the compression box 2, the compression box 2 is positioned on the counter-thrust plate 13 of the counter-force mechanism 1 and is abutted against the jack 14, the inflator 25 inflates the trapezoidal bag body 23 in the compression box 2, the trapezoidal bag body 23 extrudes the simulation box 3, the stress sheet 52 positioned in the simulation box 3 transmits the induction stress data of different directions to the display screen of the processor 53, and then the simulation box 3 is subjected to CT scanning to observe the plastic deformation condition of the simulation box 3, so that the change condition of stress accumulation of the rock mass in different directions is simulated, and the operation is simple and convenient.
In use, the jack 14 applies pressure to the compression box 2.
When the bag is used, the trapezoidal bag body 23 is laterally inserted between the two partition plates 22, one end with the smaller cross section faces the trapezoidal bag body 23, the partition plates 22 limit the trapezoidal bag body, the box cover 21 is covered after the trapezoidal bag body 23 is completely inserted, and the rib plates 24 arranged on the side faces of the box cover 21 and the box body improve the overall structural strength.
When the simulation box is used, the inflator 25 inflates the trapezoidal bag body 23, so that the trapezoidal bag body 23 inflates and expands to be abutted against the simulation box 3, the simulation box 3 is extruded, and the pressure of deep rocks is simulated.
When the simulation box is used, the simulation box 3 is formed by splicing a plurality of acrylic plates 31 and polyurethane rubber joints 32, and the assembly is convenient and quick.
When the device is used, the interlayer paper 41 prevents the expansion cement slurry 42 from leaking before expansion, the expansion cement slurry 42 is used for simulating soft rock, and the mica sheet 43 is used for simulating a joint layer of schist.
When in use, the filler 4 is horizontal or inclined, which is beneficial to simulating different structural bedding soft rocks.
When the stress sheet 52 is used, the stress sheet is arranged at the bottom, the center or one side of the simulation box 3 to form a plurality of induction points in different directions, and measured data are more, more sufficient and more complete.
When the simulation box is used, the pasting board 51 is pasted at the bottom, the center or one side of the simulation box 3 by the heat insulation adhesive tape, the stress sheet 52 is pasted on the pasting board 51, the stress sheet 52 is electrically connected with the processor 53 through the data line, and the data line penetrates through the simulation box 3 and the pressed box 2 during connection.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and features in the embodiments and examples in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalents of technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A device for simulating three-dimensional stress accumulation of a rock body is characterized in that: the device comprises a counterforce mechanism (1), a pressure bearing box (2), a simulation box (3), a filler (4) and an induction system (5); the simulation box (3) is located in the pressure bearing box (2) and is in contact with the trapezoidal bag body (23), the filler (4) is located in the simulation box (3), the stress sheet (52) of the induction system (5) is in contact with the filler (4), the simulation box (3) is located on the top counter plate (13) of the counter force mechanism (1) and is abutted against the jack (14), and the stress borne by the simulation box (3) is transmitted to the processor (53) after being induced by the stress sheet (52).
2. A device for simulating the triaxial stress accumulation of a rock mass according to claim 1, wherein: the reaction force mechanism (1) comprises a top plate (12) and a counter plate (13) which are connected with a reaction force frame (11), and a jack (14) which is connected with the top plate (12).
3. A device for simulating the triaxial stress accumulation of a rock mass according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure receiving box (2) is a hollow rectangular box body, the upper part of the pressure receiving box is provided with a box cover (21), the four corners of the box body are provided with symmetrical partition plates (22), a trapezoidal bag body (23) is arranged between every two partition plates (22), and rib plates (24) are arranged on the side faces of the box cover (21) and the box body.
4. A device for simulating the triaxial stress accumulation of a rock mass according to claim 1, wherein: the trapezoidal bag body (23) is a hollow air bag with a regular trapezoidal structure, and an air pipe arranged on the inclined surface is connected with an inflator (25).
5. A device for simulating the triaxial stress accumulation of a rock mass according to claim 1, wherein: the simulation box (3) is a hollow closed box body and is formed by splicing a plurality of acrylic plates (31) and a plurality of polyurethane rubber joints (32).
6. A device for simulating the triaxial stress accumulation of a rock mass according to claim 1, wherein: the filler (4) comprises interlayer paper (41), expanded cement paste (42) and mica sheets (43), the expanded cement paste (42) and the mica sheets (43) are distributed at intervals, and the interlayer paper (41) is located between the expanded cement paste (42) and the mica sheets (43).
7. A device for simulating the triaxial stress accumulation of a rock mass according to claim 1, wherein: the filler (4) is horizontally filled in the simulation box (3) or is obliquely filled in the simulation box (3).
8. A device for simulating the triaxial stress accumulation of a rock mass according to claim 1, wherein: the stress sheet (52) is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the simulation box (3) or is vertically arranged at the center or is vertically arranged at one side of the simulation box (3) to be contacted with the filler (4).
9. A device for simulating the triaxial stress accumulation of a rock mass according to claim 1, wherein: the induction system (5) comprises a stress sheet (52) attached to the attaching plate (51) and a processor (53) electrically connected with the stress sheet (52).
10. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the method includes the steps of:
s1, installing a sensing system, horizontally fixing the flitch (51) at the bottom of the simulation box (3) by adopting a heat insulation tape, or vertically fixing the flitch at the center of the simulation box (3), or vertically fixing the flitch at one side of the simulation box (3), fixing a plurality of stress sheets (52) on the flitch (51), and connecting a data line connected with the stress sheets (52) with a processor (53);
s2, filling, namely filling the expanded cement paste (42) and the mica sheets (43) into the simulation box (3) at intervals, wherein the expanded cement paste (42) and the mica sheets (43) are isolated by the interlayer paper (41); the expanded cement paste (42) and the mica sheets (43) are horizontal or inclined; inserting an acrylic plate (31) at the top of the simulation box (3) into a notch of a polyurethane rubber joint (32) to seal the simulation box (3);
s3, installing, namely placing the filled simulation box (3) in the center of the pressure box (2), sequentially inserting a plurality of trapezoidal bag bodies (23) between the two partition plates (22), and enabling the tops of the trapezoidal bag bodies (23) with smaller sections to abut against one side of the simulation box (3); the box cover (21) is matched and sealed with the upper end of the compression box (2); the sealed pressed box (2) is placed on a counter plate (13) of the counter force mechanism (1); the telescopic end of the jack (14) extends to be abutted against the box cover (21);
s4, before simulation, the inflator (25) is started to punch the trapezoidal bag body (23) to enable the trapezoidal bag body (23) to be expanded and formed, and the side face of the end, with the smaller section, of the trapezoidal bag body (23) is fully contacted with the side face of the simulation box (3); closing the power supply of the processor (53) to enable the data on the display screen of the processor (53) to be in a return-to-zero state;
s5, simulating, inflating the trapezoidal bag body (23) again, and stopping when the air pressure reaches the tested rock depth pressure value; at the moment, the expanded cement slurry (42) expands, and stress values induced by the stress sheets (52) in different directions are displayed on a display screen of the processor (53);
and S6, observing the plastic deformation condition of the simulation box (3) in a compact state through CT scanning.
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