CN112628895A - Direct expansion type air conditioning unit and control method thereof - Google Patents
Direct expansion type air conditioning unit and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112628895A CN112628895A CN202011576927.1A CN202011576927A CN112628895A CN 112628895 A CN112628895 A CN 112628895A CN 202011576927 A CN202011576927 A CN 202011576927A CN 112628895 A CN112628895 A CN 112628895A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/86—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling compressors within refrigeration or heat pump circuits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/87—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling absorption or discharge of heat in outdoor units
- F24F11/871—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling absorption or discharge of heat in outdoor units by controlling outdoor fans
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/88—Electrical aspects, e.g. circuits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
- F24F2110/12—Temperature of the outside air
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Abstract
The invention discloses a direct expansion type air conditioning unit and a control method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when a compressor of the air conditioning unit operates, acquiring the outdoor environment temperature, and comparing the outdoor environment temperature with a known outer ring temperature threshold value; if the outdoor environment temperature is not less than the outer ring temperature threshold value, adjusting the rotating speed of a condenser fan in the air conditioning unit according to the exhaust pressure of the air conditioning unit; and if the outdoor environment temperature is less than the outer ring temperature threshold value, adjusting the rotating speed of the condenser fan according to the internal temperature of the compressor. By applying the invention, the stable operation of the air conditioning unit can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of air treatment, and particularly relates to an air conditioning unit, and more particularly relates to a direct expansion type air conditioning unit and a control method thereof.
Background
The direct expansion air conditioning unit is provided with a compressor, liquid refrigerant in a refrigerating system directly exchanges heat with air to be treated outside a coil in an evaporator coil, and absorbs heat of the air outside the coil to be directly evaporated, so that the air outside the coil is refrigerated. Because the refrigerant directly completes heat exchange with the air to be treated, the air outside the coil pipe is not absorbed by secondary heat exchange in the middle to realize refrigeration, the heat exchange efficiency is high, the temperature regulation range is wide, and the air-conditioning system is widely applied to various industries.
For a direct-expansion air conditioning unit, electrical components inside a compressor are main heat-generating components in the unit, and are cooled for cooling the electrical components inside the compressor. The method is characterized in that part of refrigerant which is condensed by a condenser, releases heat and is cooled is input into a compressor, and electrical elements are cooled by the refrigerant.
The refrigerant in the condenser is mainly used for driving cooling refrigerant into the compressor by the pressure difference between the condenser and the evaporator in the unit. If the pressure difference between the condenser and the evaporator is not large enough, the cooling refrigerant cannot be smoothly input into the compressor, electrical elements in the compressor cannot be sufficiently cooled, the compressor cannot be continuously and stably operated, and the whole air conditioning unit cannot be stably operated or even normally operated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a direct expansion type air conditioning unit and a control method thereof, so as to improve the stable operation of the air conditioning unit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the control method of the direct expansion type air conditioning unit provided by the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a control method of a direct expansion type air conditioning unit comprises the following steps:
when a compressor of the air conditioning unit operates, acquiring the outdoor environment temperature, and comparing the outdoor environment temperature with a known outer ring temperature threshold value;
if the outdoor environment temperature is not less than the outer ring temperature threshold value, adjusting the rotating speed of a condenser fan in the air conditioning unit according to the exhaust pressure of the air conditioning unit;
and if the outdoor environment temperature is less than the outer ring temperature threshold value, adjusting the rotating speed of the condenser fan according to the internal temperature of the compressor.
In one preferred embodiment, the adjusting the rotation speed of the condenser fan in the air conditioning unit according to the discharge pressure of the air conditioning unit specifically includes:
and adjusting the rotating speed of the condenser fan according to the pressure difference between the exhaust pressure and the suction pressure of the air conditioning unit.
In one preferred embodiment, the adjusting the rotation speed of the condenser fan according to the pressure difference between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure of the air conditioning unit specifically includes:
when the exhaust pressure belongs to a first pressure area, controlling the rotating speed of the condenser fan not to be higher than a first rotating speed;
when the exhaust pressure belongs to a second pressure area, if the pressure difference is smaller than the pressure difference threshold value, controlling the rotating speed of the condenser fan not to be higher than a second rotating speed; if the pressure difference is not less than the pressure difference threshold value, controlling the rotating speed of the condenser fan to be kept unchanged;
when the exhaust pressure belongs to a third pressure area, if the pressure difference is smaller than the pressure difference threshold value, controlling the rotating speed of the condenser fan not to be higher than a third rotating speed; if the pressure difference is not less than the pressure difference threshold value, controlling the rotating speed of the condenser fan to be not lower than a fourth rotating speed;
when the exhaust pressure belongs to a fourth pressure area, controlling the condenser fan to operate at the maximum rotating speed;
the pressure values of the first pressure area, the second pressure area, the third pressure area and the fourth pressure area are increased in sequence; the first rotating speed, the second rotating speed, the third rotating speed and the fourth rotating speed are sequentially increased, and the fourth rotating speed is smaller than the maximum rotating speed.
In one preferred embodiment, the adjusting the rotation speed of the condenser fan according to the internal temperature of the compressor specifically includes:
comparing the compressor internal temperature to a compressor temperature threshold;
if the internal temperature of the compressor is not greater than the temperature threshold of the compressor, executing the process of adjusting the rotating speed of a condenser fan in the air conditioning unit according to the exhaust pressure of the air conditioning unit;
if the temperature in the compressor is larger than the temperature threshold of the compressor, acquiring the pressure ratio of the exhaust pressure to the suction pressure of the air conditioning unit, and comparing the pressure ratio with the pressure ratio threshold;
if the pressure ratio is greater than the pressure ratio threshold value, a fault alarm is sent out; and if the pressure ratio is not greater than the pressure ratio threshold value, controlling the condenser fan to reduce the rotating speed to operate.
In one preferred embodiment, the method further comprises:
and if the rotating speed of the fan of the condenser is controlled to be reduced to 0, the internal temperature of the compressor is still larger than the temperature threshold value of the compressor, and a spray pump in the air conditioning unit is controlled to stop providing the cooling liquid for the condenser.
In one preferred embodiment, the method further comprises:
if the temperature in the compressor is larger than the temperature threshold of the compressor and the pressure ratio is not larger than the pressure ratio threshold, firstly detecting whether the condenser fan is in operation;
if the condenser fan is in an operating state, controlling the condenser fan to reduce the rotating speed to operate; and if the condenser fan is in a stop running state, controlling a spray pump in the air conditioning unit to stop supplying the cooling liquid to the condenser.
In one preferred embodiment, the method further comprises:
before the compressor is started to operate, a spray pump in an air conditioning unit is controlled to start to operate;
and after the compressor stops running, controlling the spray pump to stop running.
In order to achieve the purpose, the direct expansion type air conditioning unit provided by the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a direct expansion type air conditioning unit includes:
a compressor;
the inlet end of the condenser is communicated with the exhaust port of the compressor through an exhaust pipeline, and the outlet end of the condenser is communicated with the cooling port of the compressor at least through a compressor cooling pipeline;
a condenser fan;
a spray pump for controlled supply of cooling liquid to the condenser;
the inlet end of the evaporator is communicated with the outlet end of the condenser through a pipeline, and the outlet end of the evaporator is communicated with the air suction port of the compressor through an air suction pipeline;
characterized in that, the air conditioning unit still includes:
an outdoor environment temperature detection unit for detecting an outdoor environment temperature at which the compressor operates;
an exhaust pressure detection unit formed at an exhaust port of the compressor or on the exhaust pipe for detecting an exhaust pressure of the air conditioning unit;
a compressor internal temperature detecting unit for detecting an internal temperature of the compressor;
a controller at least for obtaining the outdoor ambient temperature, the discharge pressure, the compressor internal temperature, and comparing the outdoor ambient temperature to a known outer loop temperature threshold; the control circuit is also used for adjusting the rotating speed of the condenser fan according to the exhaust pressure of the air conditioning unit when the outdoor environment temperature is not less than the outer loop temperature threshold value; and the rotating speed of the condenser fan is adjusted according to the internal temperature of the compressor when the outdoor environment temperature is lower than the external ring temperature threshold value.
In one preferred embodiment, the air conditioning unit further includes:
the air suction pressure detection unit is formed at an air suction port of the compressor or on the air suction pipeline and is used for detecting the air suction pressure of the air conditioning unit;
the controller is also used for acquiring the suction pressure, calculating the pressure difference between the exhaust pressure and the suction pressure, and/or calculating the pressure ratio between the exhaust pressure and the suction pressure.
In one preferred embodiment, the air conditioning unit further includes:
the outlet end of the evaporator is communicated with the air suction port of the compressor through the gas-liquid separator;
the outlet end of the condenser is also communicated with a cooling port of the gas-liquid separator through a cooling pipeline of the gas-liquid separator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the invention provides a direct-expansion air conditioning unit and a control method thereof, wherein outdoor environment temperature is taken as a control parameter for executing the control process of the rotating speed of fans of different condensers, when the outdoor environment temperature is not less than an outer loop temperature threshold value, the pressure difference between the condenser and an evaporator is generally larger, under the condition, the stable operation of a refrigerant circulating system of the air conditioning unit is taken as a main control target, the rotating speed of the condenser fan in the air conditioning unit is adjusted according to the exhaust pressure of the air conditioning unit, the stable operation of the system is achieved, and meanwhile, enough refrigerant is ensured to enter the interior of a compressor to fully cool electrical elements, so that the continuous stable operation of the compressor is realized; when the outdoor environment temperature is lower than the outer ring temperature threshold value, the pressure difference between the condenser and the evaporator is not large enough, under the condition, the stable operation of the compressor is taken as a main control target, the rotating speed of a fan of the condenser is adjusted according to the internal temperature of the compressor, enough refrigerant is ensured to enter the compressor to fully cool electrical elements as far as possible, and the continuous stable operation of the compressor is realized.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments are briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system configuration of an embodiment of a direct expansion air conditioning unit of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a first embodiment of a direct expansion air conditioning unit control method of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a control method of a direct expansion type air conditioning unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a control method of a direct expansion type air conditioning unit according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 1, the reference numbers and the corresponding component names are as follows:
101. a compressor; 102. a condenser; 103. a condenser fan; 104. a spray pump; 105. a reservoir; 106. an evaporator; 107. a gas-liquid separator; 108. an exhaust pressure detection unit; 109. a one-way valve; 110. an exhaust line; 111. a load balancing valve; 112. a compressor cooling circuit; 113. a gas-liquid separator cooling line; 114. cooling the expansion valve; 115. an electric ball valve; 116. a thermostatic expansion valve; 117. an evaporator fan; 118. an air intake pipeline; 119. an intake pressure detection unit; 120. a bypass solenoid valve; 121. bypassing the expansion valve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic system structure diagram illustrating an embodiment of a direct expansion type air conditioning unit according to the present invention.
In this embodiment, the direct-expansion type air conditioner unit includes a main unit portion and an indoor portion. The main machine part comprises a compressor 101, a condenser 102, a condenser fan 103, a spray pump 104, a liquid storage device 105 and a gas-liquid separator 107 which are communicated through refrigerant pipelines, the indoor part comprises indoor structures corresponding to a plurality of rooms, the number of the rooms can be designed according to the capacity of the machine set, and each indoor structure comprises an evaporator 106, a thermal expansion valve 116 and an evaporator fan 117. All parts are communicated through refrigerant pipelines to form a refrigerant circulating system of the whole unit, and the air conditioner unit can refrigerate and cool indoor air through various valve components and the like arranged in the pipelines.
Specifically, the discharge port of the compressor 101 communicates with the inlet of the condenser 102 through a discharge line 110, and a check valve 109 is provided in the discharge line. In addition, an exhaust pressure detection unit 108 is disposed on the exhaust line 110 or at the exhaust port of the compressor 101 to detect the exhaust pressure of the air conditioning unit. The exhaust pressure detection unit 108 may be a pressure sensor. If the exhaust pressure detecting unit 108 is disposed on the exhaust line 110, it can be disposed at the front end of the check valve 109, as in the embodiment of fig. 1; it may also be located at the rear end of the check valve 109, near the inlet end of the condenser 102.
The outlet end of the condenser 102 is communicated with the cooling port of the compressor 102, the cooling port of the gas-liquid separator 107, and the inlet end of the evaporator 106 through pipes, respectively. Specifically, the outlet end of the condenser 102 is connected to a liquid reservoir 105 through a pipeline, on one hand, the liquid outlet end of the liquid reservoir 105 is communicated with an evaporator 106 in the indoor unit through a pipeline, an electric ball valve 115 is arranged in the pipeline, and a thermostatic expansion valve 116 is further arranged in the pipeline entering the indoor unit; on the other hand, the cooling device is also communicated with two cooling pipelines. One of the cooling lines is a compressor cooling line 112 communicating with a cooling port of the compressor 102, and the other cooling line is a gas-liquid separator cooling line 113 communicating with the gas-liquid separator 107. A cooling expansion valve 114 is also provided in the gas-liquid separator cooling line 113.
The outlet of the indoor evaporator 106 communicates with the suction port of the compressor 101 through a suction line 118. Specifically, the outlet end of the evaporator 106 is first communicated with the gas-liquid separator 107, and the gas outlet end of the gas-liquid separator 107 is communicated with the suction port of the compressor 101 through the suction pipe 118. In other preferred embodiments, a suction pressure detection unit 119 is disposed on the suction line 118 or at the suction port of the compressor 101 for detecting the suction pressure of the air conditioning unit. The suction pressure detecting unit 119 may be a pressure sensor.
Further, a load balance valve 111 is provided between the rear end of the check valve 109 and the gas-liquid separator 107 to regulate the energy of the compressor and control surge. A bypass electromagnetic valve 120 and a bypass expansion valve 121 are further arranged between the front end of the one-way valve 109 and the gas-liquid separator 107 in parallel, and are used for reducing the pressure ratio of the unit system and further assisting in starting and stopping the compressor 101.
In addition, the air conditioning unit of this embodiment further includes an outdoor ambient temperature detection unit (not shown in the drawings) for detecting the outdoor ambient temperature at least when the compressor 101 is operating. The air conditioning unit further includes a compressor internal temperature detecting unit (not shown) for detecting the compressor internal temperature.
The air conditioner also comprises a controller (not shown in the figure), wherein the controller is used as a control core for the operation of the air conditioning unit and controls all parts of the unit to coordinate according to a set program, an obtained parameter value and the like so as to complete the function of the air conditioning unit.
For the compressor 101, in order to improve the heat exchange efficiency and reduce the maintenance cost, it is preferable that the compressor is an oil-free magnetic levitation compressor with a larger capacity, so that the compressor has a higher energy efficiency effect and the maintenance cost is reduced. The condenser fan 103 is preferably a variable frequency fan with adjustable rotation speed, and provides air volume required for heat exchange for the condenser 102. And a spray pump 104 is used to controllably provide cooling fluid to the condenser. Specifically, when the spray pump 104 is started to operate, the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid tank enters the nozzle through the pipeline under the action of the spray pump 104, and is further sprayed onto the condenser 102 through the nozzle, and the cooling liquid exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the condenser 102 to realize condensation of the refrigerant. And when the spray pump 104 stops operating, the supply of the cooling liquid to the condenser 102 is stopped.
The operation process of the whole air conditioning unit is briefly described as follows:
the compressor 101 controls the evaporating pressure of the indoor unit by controlling the suction pressure with the set pressure as a target value, and performs energy adjustment according to the suction pressure, thereby achieving the purpose of lowering the indoor temperature to the required temperature.
After the compressor 101 is started, the compressed high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant is discharged into the condenser 102 through the check valve 109.
The refrigerant liquid from condenser 102 enters accumulator 105, which may or may not be economized, and flows through motorized ball valve 115 into the room. The gas is divided by the branch pipes, then is decompressed by the thermostatic expansion valve 116, enters the evaporators 106 of different rooms, is cooled indoors under the action of the evaporator fan 117, and is collected after evaporation and enters the gas-liquid separator 107.
The superheated, low temperature and low pressure gas within the gas-liquid separator 107 enters the compressor through the suction line 118. Thereby, one refrigerant flow process is completed. Then, the cycle performs the refrigerant flow process.
The liquid refrigerant led out from the liquid accumulator 105 also enters two cooling pipelines, one is a compressor cooling pipeline 112, and is used for cooling electrical elements inside the compressor and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the compressor; one is passed through a gas-liquid separator cooling line 113 and a cooling expansion valve 114 to the gas-liquid separator 107 to prevent the degree of superheat of the gas-liquid-suction gas from being excessively high.
The controller controls all parts of the unit to coordinate according to a set program, the obtained parameter values and the like, and the functions of the air conditioning unit are completed, including the process of controlling the rotating speed of the condenser fan 103. In this process, the controller is at least operable to obtain an outdoor ambient temperature, a discharge pressure, and a compressor interior temperature, and to compare the outdoor ambient temperature to a known outer loop temperature threshold. The controller is also used for adjusting the rotating speed of the condenser fan according to the exhaust pressure of the air conditioning unit when the outdoor environment temperature is not less than the outer loop temperature threshold value; and the control circuit is also used for adjusting the rotating speed of the fan of the condenser according to the internal temperature of the compressor when the outdoor environment temperature is less than the external loop temperature threshold value.
In other preferred embodiments, the controller is further configured to obtain an air suction pressure of the air conditioning unit, and calculate a pressure difference between an exhaust pressure of the air conditioning unit and the air suction pressure thereof, and/or calculate a pressure ratio between the exhaust pressure and the air suction pressure, and further, the pressure difference or the pressure ratio may also be used as a control parameter to control a rotation speed of the condenser fan, thereby achieving a better technical effect. More specific wind speed control methods and resulting technical effects can be referred to the following description of the embodiments of the methods.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a first embodiment of a method for controlling a direct expansion air conditioning unit according to the present invention, and specifically, is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of controlling a rotational speed of a condenser fan.
Referring to the schematic system structure of fig. 1, the first embodiment of fig. 2 implements the control of the air conditioning unit by the following processes:
step 201: the compressor is operated to obtain the outdoor ambient temperature, which is compared with an outer loop temperature threshold.
The outdoor ambient temperature may be detected and obtained by a temperature sensor disposed in the outdoor unit of the unit, or may be obtained by other prior art means, for example, the network module in the unit is used to obtain the outdoor ambient temperature from weather information issued by a weather department, and the specific means for obtaining the outdoor ambient temperature is not limited in this embodiment.
The outer annular temperature threshold is a known temperature value, is a threshold value reflecting the condensing pressure of the condenser, can be preset in the unit memory, and can be conveniently read by the controller. Moreover, the outer ring temperature threshold may be a fixed, constant value or may be modified by authorization.
Step 202: and judging whether the outdoor environment temperature is less than an outer ring temperature threshold value. If not, go to step 203; if so, go to step 204.
Step 203: and adjusting the rotating speed of a fan of the condenser according to the exhaust pressure of the air conditioning unit.
And if the outdoor environment temperature is not less than the outer ring temperature threshold value, adjusting the rotating speed of the condenser fan according to the exhaust pressure of the air conditioning unit.
Step 204: and adjusting the rotating speed of the condenser fan according to the internal temperature of the compressor.
And if the outdoor environment temperature is less than the outer ring temperature threshold value, adjusting the rotating speed of the fan of the condenser according to the internal temperature of the compressor.
In this embodiment, the outdoor ambient temperature is used as the control parameter for executing the control process of the rotating speed of the fan of the different condensers. When the outdoor environment temperature is not less than the outer loop temperature threshold, the pressure difference between the condenser and the evaporator is generally larger, under the condition, the stable operation of a refrigerant circulating system of the air conditioning unit is taken as a main control target, the rotating speed of a fan of the condenser in the air conditioning unit is adjusted according to the exhaust pressure of the air conditioning unit, the stable operation of the system is achieved, meanwhile, enough refrigerant is ensured to enter the compressor to fully cool electrical elements, and the continuous stable operation of the compressor is realized. When the outdoor environment temperature is lower than the outer ring temperature threshold value, the pressure difference between the condenser and the evaporator is not large enough, under the condition, the stable operation of the compressor is taken as a main control target, the rotating speed of a fan of the condenser is adjusted according to the internal temperature of the compressor, enough refrigerant is ensured to enter the compressor to fully cool electrical elements as far as possible, and the continuous stable operation of the compressor is realized.
In some other preferred embodiments, adjusting the rotation speed of the condenser fan in the air conditioning unit according to the discharge pressure of the air conditioning unit specifically includes: and adjusting the rotating speed of the condenser fan according to the pressure difference between the exhaust pressure and the suction pressure of the air conditioning unit. That is, the rotating speed of the condenser fan is controlled by simultaneously considering the size of the exhaust pressure and the pressure difference between the exhaust pressure and the suction pressure, so that the stable operation of a unit system and the stable operation of a compressor can be better.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling a direct expansion air conditioning unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and more specifically, is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of adjusting a rotation speed of a condenser fan according to a pressure difference between a discharge pressure and a discharge pressure of the air conditioning unit and a suction pressure of the air conditioning unit.
In this embodiment, four exhaust pressure zones are preset, namely a first pressure zone, a second pressure zone, a third pressure zone and a fourth pressure zone, and the pressure values of the four pressure zones are sequentially increased. For example, the first pressure region is [0, 0.55MPa ], the second pressure region is [0.55MPa, 0.85MPa ], the third pressure region is [0.85MPa, 1.05MPa ], and the fourth pressure region is [1.05MPa, + ∞). The number of the pressure areas and the pressure range corresponding to each pressure area are not limited to the above examples, and may be adjusted according to the actual situation, and all possible values of the number and the pressure range are within the protection scope of the present invention. And, the more the pressure area is divided, the better the rotating speed adjusting precision and effect, but the adjusting process is more complicated.
Based on the above setting, as shown in fig. 3, this embodiment implements control of the condenser fan rotation speed by the following procedure:
step 301: and acquiring the exhaust pressure and the suction pressure of the air conditioning unit, and calculating the pressure difference between the exhaust pressure and the suction pressure.
The exhaust pressure and the suction pressure of the air conditioning unit can be detected by an exhaust pressure detection unit and a suction pressure detection unit.
Step 302: and judging whether the exhaust pressure belongs to the first pressure area. If yes, go to step 303; otherwise, step 304 is performed.
Step 303: the rotational speed of the condenser fan is controlled not to be higher than the first rotational speed.
And if the exhaust pressure belongs to the first pressure area, indicating that the current exhaust pressure is lower, controlling the rotating speed of the condenser fan to be not higher than the first rotating speed. The first rotation speed is a known rotation speed, and is a lower rotation speed, even 0, that is, the fan is controlled to stop running. If the current rotating speed of the condenser fan is high, in order to avoid instability of the system caused by sudden and large-amplitude speed reduction, the rotating speed of the condenser fan is controlled to slowly reduce to be not higher than the first rotating speed at a certain speed reduction frequency.
The design mechanism of this step is: the exhaust pressure is low, the required condensing capacity is small, if the fan runs at a high speed, not only electric quantity is wasted, but also the flowing of the refrigerant to the cooling port of the compressor is influenced because the condensing capacity is overlarge, and therefore, the fan is controlled to run at a first low rotating speed.
Step 304: and judging whether the exhaust pressure belongs to the second pressure area. If yes, go to step 305; otherwise, step 308 is performed.
If the exhaust pressure does not belong to the first pressure area, whether the exhaust pressure belongs to the second pressure area is further judged.
Step 305: and judging whether the pressure difference is smaller than the pressure difference threshold value. If yes, go to step 306; otherwise, step 307 is executed.
If the exhaust pressure belongs to the second pressure area, further control processing is carried out according to the pressure difference. The pressure difference threshold is a known value, and is a pressure threshold reflecting whether the high and low pressure differences are sufficient to maintain the cooling performance of the compressor. The value may be set experimentally or empirically. For example, the threshold pressure difference is set to 4 bar.
Step 306: the rotational speed of the condenser fan is controlled not to be higher than the second rotational speed.
When the exhaust pressure belongs to the second pressure area and the pressure difference is smaller than the pressure difference threshold value, in order to ensure that enough pressure difference exists to enable the refrigerant to flow into the compressor to cool the electrical elements, the rotating speed of the condenser fan is controlled not to be higher than the second rotating speed. The second rotational speed is also a known rotational speed, which is also a rotational speed that is not high, but is greater than the first rotational speed.
If the current rotating speed of the condenser fan is high, in order to avoid instability of the system caused by sudden and large-amplitude speed reduction, the rotating speed of the condenser fan is controlled to slowly reduce to be not higher than a second rotating speed at a certain speed reduction frequency.
Step 307: the rotational speed of the condenser fan is controlled to remain unchanged.
When the exhaust pressure belongs to the second pressure area and the pressure difference is not less than the pressure difference threshold value, the current pressure difference is enough to ensure the cooling performance of the compressor, and the rotating speed of the fan of the condenser is controlled to be kept unchanged so as to avoid the influence on the overall demand of the unit caused by the adjustment of the rotating speed.
Step 308: if step 304 determines that the discharge pressure does not belong to the second pressure region, it is further determined whether it belongs to the third pressure region. If yes, go to step 309; otherwise, go to step 312.
Step 309: and judging whether the pressure difference is smaller than the pressure difference threshold value. If yes, go to step 310; otherwise, step 311 is performed.
If the exhaust pressure belongs to the third pressure area, the further control treatment is carried out according to the pressure difference.
Step 310: the rotational speed of the condenser fan is controlled not to be higher than the third rotational speed.
And when the exhaust pressure belongs to a third pressure area and the pressure difference is smaller than the pressure difference threshold value, controlling the rotating speed of the condenser fan to be not higher than the third rotating speed in order to ensure that enough pressure difference exists to enable the refrigerant to flow into the compressor to cool the electrical elements and simultaneously considering that the current exhaust pressure is higher. The second rotating speed is also a known rotating speed and is a higher rotating speed which is greater than the second rotating speed so as to match the current higher exhaust pressure and ensure the stable operation of the unit system.
Step 311: and controlling the rotating speed of the condenser fan to be not lower than the fourth rotating speed.
When the exhaust pressure belongs to the third pressure area and the pressure difference is not less than the pressure difference threshold value, the current pressure difference is sufficient to ensure the cooling performance of the compressor. And meanwhile, because the exhaust pressure is higher, in order to ensure the stable operation of the unit system, the fan is controlled to operate at a rotating speed not lower than the fourth rotating speed. The fourth speed is a known speed and is greater than the third speed.
If the current rotating speed of the condenser fan is low, in order to avoid instability of the system caused by sudden and large-amplitude speed increase, the rotating speed of the condenser fan is controlled to slowly increase to be not lower than a fourth rotating speed at a certain speed increase frequency.
Step 312: and controlling the fan of the condenser to operate at the maximum rotating speed, belonging to a fourth pressure area.
If the exhaust pressure does not belong to the first to third pressure regions, it belongs to the fourth pressure region and is a higher pressure value. In this case, to ensure stable operation of the system, the condenser fan will be controlled to operate at maximum speed.
The setting of fan rotational speed is convenient for, and the rotational speed of condenser fan can correspond the setting through the fan gear. In some preferred embodiments, there are 15 fan gears, from 0 to 14. Each gear corresponds to a fan rotating speed, the higher the gear is, the higher the fan rotating speed is, and the 14 gears correspond to the maximum rotating speed. Then, the determination method of the first rotational speed, the second rotational speed, the third rotational speed, and the fourth rotational speed may be performed using a fan gear. For example, the first rotation speed may be set to a rotation speed corresponding to the fan gear 1, the second rotation speed may be set to a rotation speed corresponding to the fan gear 3, the third rotation speed may be set to a rotation speed corresponding to the fan gear 5, and the fourth rotation speed may be set to a rotation speed corresponding to the fan gear 7.
In the embodiment, the discharge pressure area is set, the discharge pressure is selected to be adopted as the control parameter in different pressure areas, or the discharge pressure and the pressure difference between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure are simultaneously selected to be adopted as the control parameters, and different control processes are executed on the rotating speed of the condenser fan in different pressure areas, so that the continuous operation stability of the unit system and the continuous operation stability of the compressor are further improved.
In some other preferred embodiments, adjusting the rotation speed of the condenser fan according to the internal temperature includes controlling the rotation speed of the condenser fan according to the internal temperature of the compressor and the pressure ratio of the discharge pressure to the suction pressure of the air conditioning unit.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a third embodiment of the method for controlling a direct expansion air conditioning unit according to the present invention, and in particular, is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of adjusting the rotation speed of the condenser fan according to the internal temperature of the compressor and the pressure ratio of the discharge pressure to the suction pressure of the air conditioning unit.
As shown in fig. 4, this embodiment implements the control of the condenser fan speed using the following process:
step 401: and acquiring the internal temperature of the discharge compressor and the discharge pressure and the suction pressure of the unit, and calculating the pressure ratio of the discharge pressure to the suction pressure.
Step 402: and comparing the internal temperature of the compressor with the temperature threshold of the compressor, and judging whether the internal temperature of the compressor is greater than the temperature threshold of the compressor. If not, go to step 403; otherwise, step 404 is performed.
The temperature threshold of the compressor is a known value and is a temperature value reflecting whether the temperature inside the compressor is too high or not. For example, the temperature threshold of the press is set to a temperature value between 40 ° and 60 °, and the specific value can be determined according to the actual structure and requirements of the unit.
Step 403: and executing the process of adjusting the rotating speed of the condenser fan according to the exhaust pressure of the air conditioning unit.
If the internal temperature of the compressor is not greater than the temperature threshold of the compressor, the compressor is indicated to have a better cooling effect. At the moment, the rotating speed of the condenser fan is adjusted only according to the exhaust pressure of the air conditioning unit, so that the operation stability of the unit system is ensured. The method of fig. 3 and its preferred embodiment may be referred to for adjusting the rotation speed of the condenser fan according to the discharge pressure of the air conditioning unit, which is not described herein again.
Step 404: if the compressor internal temperature is greater than the compressor temperature threshold, a determination is made as to whether the pressure ratio is greater than the pressure ratio threshold. If yes, go to step 405; otherwise, step 406 is performed.
And if the internal temperature of the compressor is greater than the temperature threshold value of the compressor, further judgment and processing are carried out according to the pressure ratio. The pressure ratio threshold is a known value and is a pressure threshold that reflects whether the high-low pressure difference is sufficient to maintain the cooling performance of the compressor. The value may be set experimentally or empirically. For example, the pressure ratio is a value from 1 to 3, for example, pressure ratio = 1.6.
Step 405: and sending out a fault alarm.
If the internal temperature of the compressor is greater than the temperature threshold of the compressor and the pressure ratio is also greater than the pressure ratio threshold, the fact that although the pressure ratio can ensure that the refrigerant can smoothly enter the interior of the compressor to provide cooling capacity is indicated, the internal temperature of the compressor is still high, the fact that the compressor cannot be sufficiently cooled due to insufficient condensing pressure is indicated, a fault alarm is sent out, and other components are reminded to be checked and repaired.
Step 406: and controlling the fan of the condenser to run at a reduced speed.
If the internal temperature of the compressor is greater than the temperature threshold of the compressor and the pressure ratio is not greater than the pressure ratio threshold, the internal temperature of the compressor is too high due to insufficient condensing pressure, which means that the refrigerant cannot sufficiently cool the inside of the compressor. Under the condition, the fan of the condenser is controlled to run at a reduced rotating speed so as to reduce the condensation degree of the refrigerant in the condenser and ensure that the refrigerant in the flow path of the condenser has enough pressure to enter the compressor through the cooling pipeline of the compressor. And reducing the fan rotating speed of the condenser until the internal temperature of the compressor is not greater than the temperature threshold of the compressor, and then maintaining the current fan rotating speed.
If the rotating speed of the fan of the condenser is controlled to be reduced to 0, and the temperature in the compressor is still higher than the temperature threshold value of the compressor, the spraying pump in the air conditioning unit is controlled to stop providing cooling liquid for the condenser, so that the condensation degree of the refrigerant in the condenser is further reduced, and the refrigerant in the condenser flow has enough pressure to enter the compressor through the cooling pipeline of the compressor.
In the embodiment, the internal temperature of the compressor and the pressure ratio between the exhaust pressure and the suction pressure are used as control parameters to control the rotating speed of the condenser fan, so that the continuous operation stability of the unit system and the continuous operation stability of the compressor are further improved.
In other preferred embodiments, the condenser fan is first detected to be in operation if the compressor internal temperature is greater than the compressor temperature threshold and the pressure ratio is not greater than the pressure ratio threshold. If the condenser fan is in the running state, controlling the condenser fan to reduce the rotating speed to run; and if the condensing fan is in a stop running state, directly controlling a spray pump in the air conditioning unit to stop supplying the cooling liquid to the condenser.
In other preferred embodiments, the spray pump is controlled by:
before the compressor starts to operate, the spraying pump in the air conditioning unit is controlled to start to operate, so that the spraying pump is utilized to provide cooling liquid for the condenser to pre-cool the condenser, the condenser has certain refrigerating capacity, the defect of refrigerating capacity caused by starting the compressor at the initial starting stage is avoided, and continuous refrigerating and continuous stable operation of the unit are guaranteed.
And after the compressor stops running, the spraying pump is controlled to stop running. That is, the compressor is shut down first, and the spray pump stops operating after time delay, further guarantees the shutdown stability of unit.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.
Claims (10)
1. A control method of a direct expansion type air conditioning unit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
when a compressor of the air conditioning unit operates, acquiring the outdoor environment temperature, and comparing the outdoor environment temperature with a known outer ring temperature threshold value;
if the outdoor environment temperature is not less than the outer ring temperature threshold value, adjusting the rotating speed of a condenser fan in the air conditioning unit according to the exhaust pressure of the air conditioning unit;
and if the outdoor environment temperature is less than the outer ring temperature threshold value, adjusting the rotating speed of the condenser fan according to the internal temperature of the compressor.
2. The method for controlling a direct expansion air conditioning unit according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting the rotation speed of a condenser fan in the air conditioning unit according to the discharge pressure of the air conditioning unit specifically comprises:
and adjusting the rotating speed of the condenser fan according to the pressure difference between the exhaust pressure and the suction pressure of the air conditioning unit.
3. The method for controlling a direct-expansion air conditioning unit according to claim 2, wherein the adjusting the rotation speed of the condenser fan according to the pressure difference between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure of the air conditioning unit specifically comprises:
when the exhaust pressure belongs to a first pressure area, controlling the rotating speed of the condenser fan not to be higher than a first rotating speed;
when the exhaust pressure belongs to a second pressure area, if the pressure difference is smaller than the pressure difference threshold value, controlling the rotating speed of the condenser fan not to be higher than a second rotating speed; if the pressure difference is not less than the pressure difference threshold value, controlling the rotating speed of the condenser fan to be kept unchanged;
when the exhaust pressure belongs to a third pressure area, if the pressure difference is smaller than the pressure difference threshold value, controlling the rotating speed of the condenser fan not to be higher than a third rotating speed; if the pressure difference is not less than the pressure difference threshold value, controlling the rotating speed of the condenser fan to be not lower than a fourth rotating speed;
when the exhaust pressure belongs to a fourth pressure area, controlling the condenser fan to operate at the maximum rotating speed;
the pressure values of the first pressure area, the second pressure area, the third pressure area and the fourth pressure area are increased in sequence; the first rotating speed, the second rotating speed, the third rotating speed and the fourth rotating speed are sequentially increased, and the fourth rotating speed is smaller than the maximum rotating speed.
4. The method for controlling the direct-expansion air conditioning unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the adjusting the rotation speed of the condenser fan according to the internal temperature of the compressor specifically comprises:
comparing the compressor internal temperature to a compressor temperature threshold;
if the internal temperature of the compressor is not greater than the temperature threshold of the compressor, executing the process of adjusting the rotating speed of a condenser fan in the air conditioning unit according to the exhaust pressure of the air conditioning unit;
if the temperature in the compressor is larger than the temperature threshold of the compressor, acquiring the pressure ratio of the exhaust pressure to the suction pressure of the air conditioning unit, and comparing the pressure ratio with the pressure ratio threshold;
if the pressure ratio is greater than the pressure ratio threshold value, a fault alarm is sent out; and if the pressure ratio is not greater than the pressure ratio threshold value, controlling the condenser fan to reduce the rotating speed to operate.
5. The method of controlling a direct-expansion air conditioning unit according to claim 4, further comprising:
and if the rotating speed of the fan of the condenser is controlled to be reduced to 0, the internal temperature of the compressor is still larger than the temperature threshold value of the compressor, and a spray pump in the air conditioning unit is controlled to stop providing the cooling liquid for the condenser.
6. The method of controlling a direct-expansion air conditioning unit according to claim 4, further comprising:
if the temperature in the compressor is larger than the temperature threshold of the compressor and the pressure ratio is not larger than the pressure ratio threshold, firstly detecting whether the condenser fan is in operation;
if the condenser fan is in an operating state, controlling the condenser fan to reduce the rotating speed to operate; and if the condenser fan is in a stop running state, controlling a spray pump in the air conditioning unit to stop supplying the cooling liquid to the condenser.
7. The method of controlling a direct-expansion air conditioning unit according to claim 1, further comprising:
before the compressor is started to operate, a spray pump in an air conditioning unit is controlled to start to operate;
and after the compressor stops running, controlling the spray pump to stop running.
8. A direct expansion type air conditioning unit includes:
a compressor;
the inlet end of the condenser is communicated with the exhaust port of the compressor through an exhaust pipeline, and the outlet end of the condenser is communicated with the cooling port of the compressor at least through a compressor cooling pipeline;
a condenser fan;
a spray pump for controlled supply of cooling liquid to the condenser;
the inlet end of the evaporator is communicated with the outlet end of the condenser through a pipeline, and the outlet end of the evaporator is communicated with the air suction port of the compressor through an air suction pipeline;
characterized in that, the air conditioning unit still includes:
an outdoor environment temperature detection unit for detecting an outdoor environment temperature at which the compressor operates;
an exhaust pressure detection unit formed at an exhaust port of the compressor or on the exhaust pipe for detecting an exhaust pressure of the air conditioning unit;
a compressor internal temperature detecting unit for detecting an internal temperature of the compressor;
a controller at least for obtaining the outdoor ambient temperature, the discharge pressure, the compressor internal temperature, and comparing the outdoor ambient temperature to a known outer loop temperature threshold; the control circuit is also used for adjusting the rotating speed of the condenser fan according to the exhaust pressure of the air conditioning unit when the outdoor environment temperature is not less than the outer loop temperature threshold value; and the rotating speed of the condenser fan is adjusted according to the internal temperature of the compressor when the outdoor environment temperature is lower than the external ring temperature threshold value.
9. The direct-expansion air conditioning unit as recited in claim 8, further comprising:
the air suction pressure detection unit is formed at an air suction port of the compressor or on the air suction pipeline and is used for detecting the air suction pressure of the air conditioning unit;
the controller is also used for acquiring the suction pressure, calculating the pressure difference between the exhaust pressure and the suction pressure, and/or calculating the pressure ratio between the exhaust pressure and the suction pressure.
10. The direct-expansion type air conditioner unit as claimed in claim 8 or 9, further comprising:
the outlet end of the evaporator is communicated with the air suction port of the compressor through the gas-liquid separator;
the outlet end of the condenser is also communicated with a cooling port of the gas-liquid separator through a cooling pipeline of the gas-liquid separator.
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