CN112628020A - Low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber cooling flow path and control method - Google Patents
Low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber cooling flow path and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112628020A CN112628020A CN202011509952.8A CN202011509952A CN112628020A CN 112628020 A CN112628020 A CN 112628020A CN 202011509952 A CN202011509952 A CN 202011509952A CN 112628020 A CN112628020 A CN 112628020A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/42—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using liquid or gaseous propellants
- F02K9/44—Feeding propellants
- F02K9/46—Feeding propellants using pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/42—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using liquid or gaseous propellants
- F02K9/44—Feeding propellants
- F02K9/52—Injectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/42—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using liquid or gaseous propellants
- F02K9/44—Feeding propellants
- F02K9/56—Control
- F02K9/58—Propellant feed valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/42—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using liquid or gaseous propellants
- F02K9/60—Constructional parts; Details not otherwise provided for
- F02K9/62—Combustion or thrust chambers
- F02K9/64—Combustion or thrust chambers having cooling arrangements
Abstract
The invention relates to a low-temperature afterburning cycle engine, in particular to a low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber cooling flow path and a control method. The invention aims to solve the technical problem that when an engine system of the conventional low-temperature afterburning cycle engine is started, fuel or oxidant for cooling enters a fuel gas generator after passing through a non-precooled thrust chamber cooling flow path, so that the fuel gas generator has a great ignition failure risk, and provides a low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber cooling flow path and a control method. The device defines one of a fuel main valve and an oxidant main valve as a first main valve, an outlet pipeline of the first main valve is divided into two paths, one path is connected with an inlet of a low-temperature shunt valve, the other path is connected with an inlet of a thrust chamber cooling flow path, an outlet of the low-temperature shunt valve and an outlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path are connected with a pipeline, and an outlet connecting pipeline of the other fuel main valve or the oxidant main valve which is not defined as the first main valve is used for connecting an inlet of a rich fuel generator and/or an inlet of a rich oxygen generator of an engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a low-temperature afterburning cycle engine, in particular to a low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber cooling flow path and a control method.
Background
The low-temperature afterburning cycle engine has three afterburning modes, including rich afterburning, rich afterburning and full-flow afterburning. When the thrust chamber of the engine is cooled, fuel or oxidant for cooling needs to pass through the thrust chamber cooling flow path and the cooling flow path rear pipeline to enter a fuel gas generator (a rich combustion generator or/and a rich oxygen generator) for ignition, and the process has a complicated heat exchange problem.
In the existing engine system, a thrust chamber cooling flow path is generally not precooled, a flow channel in the thrust chamber cooling flow path is long and thin and has a large heat exchange area, a large amount of fuel or oxidant for cooling can be gasified after flowing into the cooling flow path, a certain pressure is formed in the cooling flow path, and the pressure is suppressed, so that the flow of the fuel or oxidant entering the cooling flow path is reduced or even cut off, the fuel or oxidant in the cooling flow path cannot stably flow into a gas generator, the ignition failure of the gas generator can be caused, and the starting failure of the whole engine can be caused. It can be seen that if fuel or oxidant is passed through the uncooled thrust chamber cooling path before entering the gas generator at the start of the engine system, there is a significant risk of misfire in the gas generator.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that when an engine system of the conventional low-temperature afterburning cycle engine is started, fuel or oxidant for cooling enters a fuel gas generator after passing through a non-precooled thrust chamber cooling flow path, so that the fuel gas generator has a great ignition failure risk, and provides a low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber cooling flow path and a control method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical solution provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber cooling flow path, which is characterized in that: the low-temperature fuel valve comprises a fuel main valve, an oxidant main valve, a low-temperature flow divider valve, a thrust chamber cooling flow path and a connecting pipeline, wherein the thrust chamber cooling flow path is positioned in the wall of an engine thrust chamber; the fuel main valve and the oxidant main valve are respectively used for connecting a fuel pump outlet and an oxidant pump outlet of the engine;
one of the fuel main valve and the oxidant main valve is defined as a first main valve, an outlet pipeline of the first main valve is divided into two paths, one path is connected with an inlet of the low-temperature shunt valve, the other path is connected with an inlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path, an outlet of the low-temperature shunt valve and an outlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path are connected with a pipeline, and an outlet connecting pipeline of the other fuel main valve or the oxidant main valve which is not defined as the first main valve is used for connecting an inlet of a rich fuel generator and/or an inlet of a rich oxygen generator of the engine.
Furthermore, the inlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is positioned at the throat part of the thrust chamber, and the outlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is provided with two outlets, one outlet is positioned at the head part of the thrust chamber, and the other outlet is positioned at the tail part of the thrust chamber;
both outlets of the thrust chamber cooling flow path are used for connecting the rich-burn generator inlet and/or the rich-oxygen generator inlet of the engine.
The invention also provides a low-temperature full-flow afterburning cycle engine, which comprises a fuel pump, a fuel main valve, a fuel-rich generator, an oxidant pump, an oxidant main valve, a fuel-rich generator, a thrust chamber cooling flow path positioned in the wall of the thrust chamber, and a connecting pipeline;
it is characterized in that:
a cooling flow path based on the low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber; and the outlet of the low-temperature flow divider, the outlet connecting pipeline of the thrust chamber cooling flow path and the outlet connecting pipeline of the other fuel main valve or oxidant main valve which is not defined as a first main valve are connected with the inlet of the rich-combustion generator and the inlet of the rich-oxygen generator.
Furthermore, the inlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is positioned at the throat part of the thrust chamber, and the outlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is provided with two outlets, one outlet is positioned at the head part of the thrust chamber, and the other outlet is positioned at the tail part of the thrust chamber; and two outlets of the thrust chamber cooling flow path are connected with an inlet of the rich combustion generator and an inlet of the rich oxygen generator.
The invention also provides a low-temperature rich-combustion afterburning cycle engine, which comprises a fuel pump, a fuel main valve, a rich-combustion generator, an oxidant pump, an oxidant main valve, a thrust chamber cooling flow path positioned in the wall of the thrust chamber, and a connecting pipeline;
it is characterized in that:
a cooling flow path based on the low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber; and the outlet of the low-temperature flow dividing valve, the outlet connecting pipeline of the thrust chamber cooling flow path and the outlet connecting pipeline of the other fuel main valve or the oxidant main valve which is not defined as the first main valve are connected with the inlet of the rich combustion generator.
Furthermore, the inlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is positioned at the throat part of the thrust chamber, and the outlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is provided with two outlets, one outlet is positioned at the head part of the thrust chamber, and the other outlet is positioned at the tail part of the thrust chamber; both outlets of the thrust chamber cooling flow path are connected to the rich burn generator inlet.
The invention also provides a low-temperature oxygen-enriched afterburning cycle engine, which comprises a fuel pump, a fuel main valve, an oxidant pump, an oxidant main valve, an oxygen-enriched generator, a thrust chamber cooling flow path positioned in the wall of the thrust chamber, and a connecting pipeline;
it is characterized in that:
a cooling flow path based on the low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber; and the outlet of the low-temperature shunt valve, the outlet connecting pipeline of the thrust chamber cooling flow path and the outlet connecting pipeline of the other fuel main valve or the oxidant main valve which is not defined as the first main valve are connected with the inlet of the oxygen-enriched generator.
Furthermore, the inlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is positioned at the throat part of the thrust chamber, and the outlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is provided with two outlets, one outlet is positioned at the head part of the thrust chamber, and the other outlet is positioned at the tail part of the thrust chamber; and two outlets of the thrust chamber cooling flow path are both connected with an inlet of the oxygen-enriched generator.
The invention also provides a control method of the cooling flow path of the low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber, and the engine adopts fuel to cool the thrust chamber, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) before the engine is started, gas replacement and precooling are carried out on a pipeline between a fuel inlet and a fuel main valve;
2) after the replacement and the precooling are finished, opening a fuel main valve, and completely opening a low-temperature shunt valve to ensure that most of the fuel directly enters a head cavity of the rich combustion generator through the low-temperature shunt valve, and a small part of the fuel enters the head cavity of the rich combustion generator after passing through a thrust chamber cooling flow path to finish the ignition of the rich combustion generator;
3) after the rich-burn generator is ignited, gradually reducing the opening degree of the low-temperature shunt valve until the low-temperature shunt valve is closed, increasing the flow of fuel entering a cooling flow path of the thrust chamber, and completing quick precooling of the thrust chamber;
4) after precooling of the thrust chamber is completed, igniting the thrust chamber, and starting the whole engine;
5) the opening degree of the low-temperature shunt valve is adjusted, the fuel pump is adjusted, and the temperature of the rich combustion generator is adjusted, so that the rich combustion generator is kept in a stable working state.
The invention also provides a control method of the cooling flow path of the low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber, and the engine adopts an oxidant to cool the thrust chamber, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) before the engine is started, gas replacement and precooling are carried out on a pipeline between an oxidant inlet and an oxidant main valve;
2) after replacement and precooling are finished, opening an oxidant main valve, and completely opening a low-temperature shunt valve to ensure that most of the oxidant directly enters a head cavity of the oxygen-enriched generator through the low-temperature shunt valve, and a small part of the oxidant enters the head cavity of the oxygen-enriched generator after passing through a thrust chamber cooling flow path to finish ignition of the oxygen-enriched generator;
3) after the oxygen-rich generator is ignited, gradually reducing the opening degree of the low-temperature shunt valve until the low-temperature shunt valve is closed, increasing the flow of the oxidant entering a cooling flow path of the thrust chamber, and completing quick precooling of the thrust chamber;
4) after precooling of the thrust chamber is completed, igniting the thrust chamber, and starting the whole engine;
5) the opening degree of the low-temperature shunt valve is adjusted, the oxidant pump is adjusted, and the temperature of the oxygen-rich generator is adjusted, so that the oxygen-rich generator is kept in a stable working state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber cooling flow path and a control method, wherein a low-temperature shunt valve is arranged behind a fuel main valve or an oxidant main valve, so that the flow of fuel or oxidant entering a fuel gas generator and a thrust chamber cooling flow path is flexibly adjusted. In the starting stage of the engine, the low-temperature shunt valve is in a large opening state, so that most of the flow of the fuel or the oxidant does not flow through a cooling flow path of the thrust chamber and directly enters the fuel generator, and the reliable supply of the flow of the fuel or the oxidant at the ignition time of the fuel generator is ensured; after the gas generator is ignited and before the thrust chamber is ignited, the opening degree of the low-temperature shunt valve is gradually reduced until the low-temperature shunt valve is completely closed, a large amount of fuel or oxidant passes through the thrust chamber cooling flow path, the sufficient cooling flow of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is ensured, the cooling flow path is quickly pre-cooled, the fuel or oxidant for cooling passes through the pre-cooled thrust chamber cooling flow path and then enters the ignited gas generator, and the risk of ignition failure is greatly reduced.
2. The inlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is positioned at the throat part of the thrust chamber, the two outlets of the thrust chamber cooling flow path are arranged, one outlet is positioned at the head part of the thrust chamber, the other outlet is positioned at the tail part of the thrust chamber, the upper and lower paths of thrust chamber cooling are realized, one path of thrust chamber throat part upstream cooling is realized, the other path of thrust chamber throat part downstream cooling is realized, and the fuel or oxidant flowing out from the upstream and downstream are converged at the outlets, so that the pressure drop of the cooling flow path is reduced, the sufficient cooling of the upper and lower paths of the thrust chamber is realized, and the power is saved.
3. The low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber cooling flow path and the control method can be used for a low-temperature full-flow afterburning cycle engine, or a low-temperature rich afterburning cycle engine with a thrust chamber cooled by fuel and a low-temperature rich oxygen afterburning cycle engine with a thrust chamber cooled by oxidant, and have wide application range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling flow path of a low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber according to the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1-fuel pump, 2-fuel main valve, 3-rich fuel generator, 4-oxidant pump, 5-oxidant main valve, 6-rich oxygen generator, 7-thrust chamber, 71-head, 72-throat, 73-tail and 8-low-temperature flow divider valve.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
A low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber cooling flow path comprises a fuel main valve 2, an oxidant main valve 5, a low-temperature flow dividing valve 8, a thrust chamber cooling flow path positioned in the wall of an engine thrust chamber 7, and a connecting pipeline; the fuel main valve 2 and the oxidant main valve 5 are respectively used for connecting the outlet of a fuel pump 1 and the outlet of an oxidant pump 4 of the engine; one of the fuel main valve 2 and the oxidant main valve 5 is defined as a first main valve, an outlet pipeline of the first main valve is divided into two paths, one path is connected with an inlet of the low-temperature flow dividing valve 8, the other path is connected with an inlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path, an outlet of the low-temperature flow dividing valve 8 is connected with an outlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path, and an outlet connecting pipeline of the other fuel main valve 2 or the oxidant main valve 5 which is not defined as the first main valve is used for connecting an inlet of a rich fuel generator 3 and/or an inlet of a rich oxygen generator 6 of the engine.
The inlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is positioned at the throat part 72 of the thrust chamber 7, and the outlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is two, one is positioned at the head part 71 of the thrust chamber 7, and the other is positioned at the tail part 73 of the thrust chamber 7; both outlets of the thrust chamber cooling flow path are used for connecting the inlet of the rich combustion generator 3 and/or the inlet of the rich oxygen generator 6 of the engine.
Example 1
A low-temperature full-flow afterburning cycle engine is shown in figure 1 and comprises a fuel pump 1, a fuel main valve 2, a rich fuel generator 3, an oxidant pump 4, an oxidant main valve 5, a rich oxygen generator 6, a thrust chamber 7, a thrust chamber cooling flow path positioned in the wall of the thrust chamber 7 and a connecting pipeline; a thrust chamber cooling passage of the engine based on the post-combustion cycle; the inlet of the first main valve is connected with the outlet of the fuel pump 1 or the outlet of the oxidant pump 4; the outlet of the low-temperature flow divider valve 8, the outlet connecting pipeline of the thrust chamber cooling flow path and the outlet connecting pipeline of the other fuel main valve 2 or the oxidant main valve 5 which is not defined as a first main valve are connected with the inlet of the rich combustion generator 3 and the inlet of the rich oxygen generator 6. The inlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is positioned at the throat part 72 of the thrust chamber 7, and the outlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is two, one is positioned at the head part 71 of the thrust chamber 7, and the other is positioned at the tail part 73 of the thrust chamber 7; two outlets of the thrust chamber cooling flow path are connected with an inlet of the rich-combustion generator 3 and an inlet of the rich-oxygen generator 6.
Example 2
A low-temperature rich-combustion afterburning cycle engine comprises a fuel pump 1, a fuel main valve 2, a rich-combustion generator 3, an oxidant pump 4, an oxidant main valve 5, a thrust chamber cooling flow path of a thrust chamber 7 positioned in the wall of the thrust chamber 7, and a connecting pipeline; a thrust chamber cooling passage of the engine based on the post-combustion cycle; the outlet of the low-temperature flow divider valve 8, the outlet connecting pipeline of the thrust chamber cooling flow path and the outlet connecting pipeline of the other fuel main valve 2 or the oxidant main valve 5 which is not defined as a first main valve are connected with the inlet of the rich combustion generator 3. The inlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is positioned at the throat part 72 of the thrust chamber 7, and the outlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is two, one is positioned at the head part 71 of the thrust chamber 7, and the other is positioned at the tail part 73 of the thrust chamber 7; both outlets of the thrust chamber cooling flow path are connected to the rich burn generator 3 inlet.
Example 3
A low-temperature oxygen-enriched afterburning cycle engine comprises a fuel pump 1, a fuel main valve 2, an oxidant pump 4, an oxidant main valve 5, an oxygen-enriched generator 6, a thrust chamber 7, a thrust chamber cooling flow path positioned in the wall of the thrust chamber 7, and a connecting pipeline; a thrust chamber cooling passage of the engine based on the post-combustion cycle; the outlet of the low-temperature flow divider valve 8, the outlet connecting pipeline of the thrust chamber cooling flow path and the outlet connecting pipeline of the other fuel main valve 2 or the oxidant main valve 5 which is not defined as a first main valve are connected with the inlet of the oxygen-enriched generator 6. The inlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is positioned at the throat part 72 of the thrust chamber 7, and the outlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is two, one is positioned at the head part 71 of the thrust chamber 7, and the other is positioned at the tail part 73 of the thrust chamber 7; two outlets of the thrust chamber cooling flow path are both connected with an inlet of the oxygen-enriched generator 6.
A control method of a low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber cooling flow path according to embodiment 1 or 2, wherein an engine cools a thrust chamber 7 with fuel, comprising the steps of:
1) before the engine is started, gas replacement and precooling are carried out on a pipeline between a fuel inlet and a fuel main valve 2;
2) after replacement and precooling are finished, opening the fuel main valve 2, and completely opening the low-temperature shunt valve 8, so that most of the fuel directly enters the head cavity of the rich combustion generator 3 through the low-temperature shunt valve 8, and a small part of the fuel enters the head cavity of the rich combustion generator 3 after passing through a thrust chamber cooling flow path, thereby finishing ignition of the rich combustion generator 3;
3) after the rich-burn generator 3 is ignited, gradually reducing the opening degree of the low-temperature flow divider valve 8 until the low-temperature flow divider valve is closed, increasing the flow of fuel entering a cooling flow path of the thrust chamber, and completing the quick precooling of the thrust chamber 7;
4) after precooling of the thrust chamber 7 is completed, igniting the thrust chamber 7, and starting the whole machine;
5) the opening degree of the low-temperature flow divider valve 8 is adjusted, the fuel pump 1 is adjusted, and the temperature of the rich combustion generator 3 is adjusted, so that the rich combustion generator 3 is kept in a stable working state.
A control method of a low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber cooling passage according to embodiment 1 or 3, in which an engine cools a thrust chamber 7 using an oxidizer, comprising the steps of:
1) before the engine is started, gas replacement and precooling are carried out on a pipeline between an oxidant inlet and an oxidant main valve 5;
2) after replacement and precooling are finished, opening an oxidant main valve 5, and completely opening a low-temperature shunt valve 8, so that most of the oxidant directly enters a head cavity of the oxygen-enriched generator 6 through the low-temperature shunt valve 8, and a small part of the oxidant enters the head cavity of the oxygen-enriched generator 6 after passing through a thrust chamber cooling flow path, and the ignition of the oxygen-enriched generator 6 is finished;
3) after the oxygen-rich generator 6 is ignited, gradually reducing the opening degree of the low-temperature shunt valve 8 until the low-temperature shunt valve is closed, increasing the flow of the oxidant entering a cooling flow path of the thrust chamber, and completing the rapid precooling of the thrust chamber 7;
4) after precooling of the thrust chamber 7 is completed, igniting the thrust chamber 7, and starting the whole machine;
5) the opening degree of the low-temperature shunt valve 8 is adjusted, the oxidant pump 4 is adjusted, and the temperature of the oxygen-rich generator 6 is adjusted, so that the oxygen-rich generator 6 is kept in a stable working state.
The cooling flow path of the thrust chamber 7 of the low-temperature afterburning cycle engine can be used for the low-temperature full-flow afterburning cycle engine, or a low-temperature rich afterburning cycle engine with the thrust chamber 7 cooled by fuel and a low-temperature rich oxygen afterburning cycle engine with the thrust chamber 7 cooled by oxidant.
Taking a low-temperature full-flow afterburning cycle engine adopting fuel cooling as an example, the working process is as follows:
1. in the starting stage, the low-temperature flow divider valve 8 is in a large-opening-degree state, the flow resistance of the flow dividing flow path is far smaller than that of the flow path of the thrust chamber cooling flow path, when the rich combustion generator 3 is ignited, only a small part of fuel flow enters the rich combustion generator 3 after passing through the flow path of the thrust chamber cooling flow path, and most of the fuel flow directly enters the rich combustion generator 3 without passing through the flow path of the thrust chamber cooling flow path. After the rich combustion generator 3 is ignited and before the thrust chamber 7 is ignited, the opening degree of the low-temperature flow divider valve 8 is gradually reduced until the low-temperature flow divider valve is completely closed, the flow of the outlet flow of the fuel pump 1 passes through the cooling flow path and then enters the rich combustion generator 3, and the flow of the flow dividing flow path where the low-temperature flow divider valve 8 is located is gradually reduced, so that the cooling flow of the cooling flow path of the thrust chamber is ensured to be sufficient. At this time, the rich combustion generator 3 is ignited, the fuel pump 1 starts to rotate, the fuel pump 1 generates a lift, high-pressure and large-flow fuel flows through the thrust chamber cooling flow path, and even though the fuel in the cooling flow path is gasified in a large amount initially, the thrust chamber 7 can be cooled rapidly and liquefied rapidly under the cooling action of the high-pressure and large-flow low-temperature fuel, so that the cooling flow path can be precooled rapidly.
2. In the steady state, the fuel flows into the cooling flow path from the vicinity of the housing throat 72 of the thrust chamber 7, and divides the flow path into two paths, one for cooling the upstream of the throat 72 of the thrust chamber 7 and one for cooling the downstream of the throat 72 of the thrust chamber 7, and the fuel flowing out from the upstream and downstream are merged at the outlet. This flow path arrangement provides sufficient cooling of the upstream and downstream sides of the thrust chamber 7, while saving part of the power due to a lower cooling flow path pressure drop than in the cooling system in which all the flow rates are up-down or all the flow rates are down-up.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same, and it is obvious for a person skilled in the art to modify the specific technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or to substitute part of the technical features, and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions protected by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber cooling flow path is characterized in that: the fuel-air-conditioning system comprises a fuel main valve (2), an oxidant main valve (5), a low-temperature flow dividing valve (8), a thrust chamber cooling flow path and a connecting pipeline, wherein the thrust chamber cooling flow path is positioned in the wall of an engine thrust chamber (7); the fuel main valve (2) and the oxidant main valve (5) are respectively used for connecting an outlet of a fuel pump (1) and an outlet of an oxidant pump (4) of the engine;
one of the fuel main valve (2) and the oxidant main valve (5) is defined as a first main valve, an outlet pipeline of the first main valve is divided into two paths, one path is connected with an inlet of the low-temperature flow dividing valve (8), the other path is connected with an inlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path, an outlet of the low-temperature flow dividing valve (8) is connected with an outlet connecting pipeline of the thrust chamber cooling flow path, and an outlet connecting pipeline of the other fuel main valve (2) or the oxidant main valve (5) which is not defined as the first main valve is used for connecting an inlet of a rich combustion generator (3) and/or an inlet of a rich oxygen generator (6) of the engine.
2. The low temperature afterburning thrust chamber cooling flow path of claim 1, wherein:
the inlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is positioned at the throat part (72) of the thrust chamber (7), and the outlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is two, one is positioned at the head part (71) of the thrust chamber (7), and the other is positioned at the tail part (73) of the thrust chamber (7);
and two outlets of the thrust chamber cooling flow path are used for connecting an inlet of a rich combustion generator (3) and/or an inlet of a rich oxygen generator (6) of the engine.
3. A low-temperature full-flow afterburning cycle engine comprises a fuel pump (1), a fuel main valve (2), a fuel-rich generator (3), an oxidant pump (4), an oxidant main valve (5), a fuel-rich generator (6), a thrust chamber (7), a thrust chamber cooling flow path positioned in the chamber wall of the thrust chamber (7), and a connecting pipeline;
the method is characterized in that:
the low temperature afterburning thrust chamber cooling flow path of claim 1; and the outlet of the low-temperature flow divider valve (8) is connected with the outlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path, and the outlet of the other fuel main valve (2) or oxidant main valve (5) which is not defined as a first main valve is connected with the inlet of the rich gas generator (3) and the inlet of the rich gas generator (6).
4. The low temperature full flow post combustion cycle engine of claim 3, wherein:
the inlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is positioned at the throat part (72) of the thrust chamber (7), and the outlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is two, one is positioned at the head part (71) of the thrust chamber (7), and the other is positioned at the tail part (73) of the thrust chamber (7); two outlets of the thrust chamber cooling flow path are both connected with an inlet of the rich-combustion generator (3) and an inlet of the rich-oxygen generator (6).
5. A low-temperature rich-combustion afterburning cycle engine comprises a fuel pump (1), a fuel main valve (2), a rich-combustion generator (3), an oxidant pump (4), an oxidant main valve (5), a thrust chamber (7), a thrust chamber cooling flow path positioned in the wall of the thrust chamber (7), and a connecting pipeline;
the method is characterized in that:
the low temperature afterburning thrust chamber cooling flow path of claim 1; and the outlet of the low-temperature flow divider valve (8), the outlet connecting pipeline of the thrust chamber cooling flow path and the outlet connecting pipeline of the other fuel main valve (2) or oxidant main valve (5) which is not defined as a first main valve are connected with the inlet of the rich fuel generator (3).
6. The low temperature rich post combustion cycle engine of claim 5, wherein:
the inlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is positioned at the throat part (72) of the thrust chamber (7), and the outlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is two, one is positioned at the head part (71) of the thrust chamber (7), and the other is positioned at the tail part (73) of the thrust chamber (7); two outlets of the thrust chamber cooling flow path are both connected with an inlet of the rich combustion generator (3).
7. A low-temperature oxygen-enriched afterburning cycle engine comprises a fuel pump (1), a fuel main valve (2), an oxidant pump (4), an oxidant main valve (5), an oxygen-enriched generator (6), a thrust chamber (7), a thrust chamber cooling flow path positioned in the wall of the thrust chamber (7), and a connecting pipeline;
the method is characterized in that:
the low temperature afterburning thrust chamber cooling flow path of claim 1; and the outlet of the low-temperature flow divider valve (8) is connected with the outlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path, and the outlet of the other fuel main valve (2) or oxidant main valve (5) which is not defined as a first main valve is connected with the inlet of the oxygen-enriched generator (6).
8. A low temperature oxygen-rich post-combustion cycle engine as claimed in claim 7, wherein:
the inlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is positioned at the throat part (72) of the thrust chamber (7), and the outlet of the thrust chamber cooling flow path is two, one is positioned at the head part (71) of the thrust chamber (7), and the other is positioned at the tail part (73) of the thrust chamber (7); two outlets of the thrust chamber cooling flow path are both connected with an inlet of the oxygen-enriched generator (6).
9. A control method for a cooling flow path of a low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber, wherein an engine cools a thrust chamber (7) by using fuel, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) before the engine is started, gas replacement and precooling are carried out on a pipeline between a fuel inlet and a fuel main valve (2);
2) after replacement and precooling are finished, opening a fuel main valve (2), and completely opening a low-temperature shunt valve (8) to ensure that most of fuel directly enters a head cavity of the rich combustion generator (3) through the low-temperature shunt valve (8), and a small part of fuel enters the head cavity of the rich combustion generator (3) through a thrust chamber cooling flow path to finish ignition of the rich combustion generator (3);
3) after the rich-combustion generator (3) is ignited, gradually reducing the opening degree of the low-temperature flow divider valve (8) until the low-temperature flow divider valve is closed, increasing the flow of fuel entering a cooling flow path of the thrust chamber, and completing the rapid precooling of the thrust chamber (7);
4) after the precooling of the thrust chamber (7) is completed, igniting the thrust chamber (7), and completing the starting of the whole machine;
5) the opening degree of the low-temperature flow divider valve (8) is adjusted, the fuel pump (1) is adjusted, and the temperature of the rich combustion generator (3) is adjusted, so that the rich combustion generator (3) is kept in a stable working state.
10. A control method for a cooling flow path of a low-temperature afterburning thrust chamber, wherein an engine adopts an oxidant to cool the thrust chamber, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) before the engine is started, gas replacement and precooling are carried out on a pipeline between an oxidant inlet and an oxidant main valve (5);
2) after replacement and precooling are finished, opening an oxidant main valve (5), and completely opening a low-temperature shunt valve (8) to ensure that most of the oxidant directly enters a head cavity of the oxygen-enriched generator (6) through the low-temperature shunt valve (8), and a small part of the oxidant enters the head cavity of the oxygen-enriched generator (6) through a thrust chamber cooling flow path to finish ignition of the oxygen-enriched generator (6);
3) after the oxygen-rich generator (6) is ignited, gradually reducing the opening degree of the low-temperature shunt valve (8) until the low-temperature shunt valve is closed, increasing the flow of the oxidant entering a cooling flow path of the thrust chamber, and completing the rapid precooling of the thrust chamber (7);
4) after the precooling of the thrust chamber (7) is completed, igniting the thrust chamber (7), and completing the starting of the whole machine;
5) the opening degree of the low-temperature shunt valve (8) is adjusted, the oxidant pump (4) is adjusted, and the temperature of the oxygen-rich generator (6) is adjusted, so that the oxygen-rich generator (6) is kept in a stable working state.
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