CN112626932A - Full-paved periodic cushion shock-absorbing ballast bed - Google Patents
Full-paved periodic cushion shock-absorbing ballast bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN112626932A CN112626932A CN202011524411.2A CN202011524411A CN112626932A CN 112626932 A CN112626932 A CN 112626932A CN 202011524411 A CN202011524411 A CN 202011524411A CN 112626932 A CN112626932 A CN 112626932A
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- periodic
- ballast bed
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- concrete
- cushion
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
- E01B3/28—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
Abstract
The invention discloses a full-paved periodic cushion shock absorption ballast bed which comprises a periodic composite ballast bed plate and a concrete base arranged below the periodic composite ballast bed plate, wherein the periodic composite ballast bed plate and the concrete base are limited by a limiting structure to prevent relative displacement, the periodic composite ballast bed plate is formed by alternately arranging and solidifying concrete slabs and periodic cushion layers from top to bottom, and the projections of the concrete slabs and the periodic cushion layers in the vertical direction are completely overlapped to form a one-dimensional scattering type or local resonance type periodic structure in a cushion full-paved form; each concrete slab and the adjacent periodic cushion layer below the concrete slab form a basic unit, and the number of periodic repetitions of the basic unit in the vertical direction is not less than 2. The damping ballast bed of the invention forms an elastic wave forbidden band in the vertical direction, can effectively control the vibration propagation in the vertical direction, can actively adjust the forbidden band range by changing the structural size and the material composition, and has strong adjustability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vibration and noise reduction of rail transit, in particular to a full-paved periodic cushion vibration-damping ballast bed.
Background
The rail vibration reduction measures widely adopted for controlling the vibration of the rail transit environment at present expose the following problems: (1) the principle of the conventional track vibration reduction is that the support rigidity is reduced or the vibration participating quality is increased, abnormal abrasion of a wheel rail can be caused by excessive vibration reduction or improper vibration reduction, so that rapid abnormal damage of equipment and parts is caused, the maintenance workload of a wheel rail system is increased, and even the stability and the safety of driving are influenced; (2) the vibration reduction section is long, the investment is high, and the cost increase caused by the vibration reduction of the track can reach 2 hundred million yuan by taking a subway with the length of 30km as an example; (3) the riding comfort of passengers in the road section paved with the steel spring floating plates is seriously damaged.
Solid physics studies have found that periodic media arranged in some manner have elastic wave bandgap characteristics, i.e. incident waves cannot propagate in the periodic medium when their frequency falls within the bandgap range. With the vigorous development of condensed state physics, the forbidden band characteristic of periodic structure is introduced into the field of acoustic vibration internationally, and the development of phononic crystal is the most rapid and typical.
At present, no report is available for periodically and innovatively designing structures involved in rail transit by using the forbidden band characteristic of a periodic structure and realizing active regulation and control of vibration.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a full-paved periodic cushion shock-absorbing ballast bed. According to the characteristics of a vibration source of rail transit and the vibration propagation attenuation rule, a periodic structure forbidden band theory is adopted to periodically design a ballast bed structure, and the geometric dimension and the material composition of the structure are changed, so that the active adjustment and control of the forbidden band and the vibration isolation frequency band are realized, the smoothness of a rail and a line is ensured, the load of a steel rail is reduced, and the occurrence of abnormal corrugation is inhibited while the expected vibration attenuation target is achieved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a full-paved periodic cushion shock absorption ballast bed comprises a periodic composite ballast bed plate and a concrete base arranged below the periodic composite ballast bed plate, wherein the periodic composite ballast bed plate and the concrete base are limited through a limiting structure to prevent relative displacement, the periodic composite ballast bed plate is formed by concrete plates and periodic cushion layers which are alternately arranged and consolidated from top to bottom, and the projections of the concrete plates and the periodic cushion layers in the vertical direction are completely superposed to form a one-dimensional scattering type or local resonance type periodic structure in a cushion full-paved form; each concrete slab and the adjacent periodic cushion layer below the concrete slab form a basic unit, and the number of periodic repetitions of the basic unit in the vertical direction is not less than 2.
In an embodiment of the invention, a through hole is formed on the periodic composite ballast bed plate, a protrusion part penetrating through the through hole is formed on the concrete substrate, an elastic cushion layer is arranged between the protrusion part and the through hole, the protrusion part and the elastic cushion layer form the limiting structure.
In another embodiment of the invention, continuous protruding parts are formed by extending upwards along the left side and the right side of the concrete substrate, the continuous protruding parts wrap the two sides of the periodic composite ballast bed plate, an elastic cushion layer is arranged between the continuous protruding parts and the two sides of the periodic composite ballast bed plate, and the continuous protruding parts and the elastic cushion layer form the limiting structure.
The periodic cushion layer can be an elastic layer, a rigid layer or a composite layer formed by compounding the elastic layer and a complex rigid layer, and the thickness of the periodic composite track bed plate is 0.3-0.54 m.
Preferably, the periodic cushion layer is an elastic layer, and the sum of the thicknesses of the elastic layers in the multiple periodic cushion layers is less than or equal to 0.04 m.
In addition, the top of the periodic composite track bed plate is provided with continuous or discrete rail bearing platforms along the travelling direction, two sleeves for fixing fasteners are arranged at the positions of the rail bearing platforms corresponding to the fastener holes, and grouting holes are formed in the periodic composite track bed plate at intervals along the length direction. And the concrete slab and the periodic cushion layer are solidified through mortar or glue seal.
Preferably, when the concrete slab and the periodic cushion layer are used in a front line, the cross section of the concrete slab and the periodic cushion layer in the horizontal direction is rectangular.
The vibration-damping ballast bed of the invention is characterized in that the concrete slabs and the periodic cushion are repeatedly arranged along the vertical direction to form a one-dimensional periodic structure, when the periodic cushion is made of elastic material, the initial frequency of the first-order complete forbidden band is reduced along with the increase of the thicknesses of the concrete slabs and the periodic cushion, is increased along with the increase of the elastic moduli of the concrete slabs and the periodic cushion, and is reduced along with the increase of the impedance ratio, the bandwidth of the first-order complete forbidden band is widened along with the increase of the thicknesses of the concrete slabs, is narrowed along with the increase of the thicknesses of the periodic cushion, is widened along with the increase of the elastic moduli of the concrete slabs and the periodic cushion, and is widened along with the increase of the impedance ratio of.
According to the vibration-damping ballast bed, when the periodic cushion layer is made of the elastic material, the thicknesses of the slab and the periodic cushion layer are increased, the elastic moduli of the slab and the periodic cushion layer are reduced, the impedance ratio of the slab and the periodic cushion layer is increased, the initial frequency of a first-order complete forbidden band can be effectively reduced, and a better low-frequency vibration isolation effect is generated.
When the periodic cushion layer is made of elastic materials, the thickness of the concrete plate is increased, the thickness of the periodic cushion layer is reduced, the elastic modulus of the concrete plate and the periodic cushion layer is increased, and the impedance ratio of the concrete plate and the periodic cushion layer is increased, so that the bandwidth of a first-order complete forbidden band can be increased, and the vibration isolation effect of a wider frequency band is generated.
Through the mode, the periodic composite track bed plate can be actively regulated and controlled by changing the geometrical size and the material composition of the concrete slab and the periodic cushion layer structure, multi-section forbidden band distribution is formed within 200Hz, the maximum control bandwidth can reach more than 70Hz, and the lowest frequency can be as low as the vibration significant frequency of a track traffic environment below 63 Hz.
The invention is switched in from the forbidden band theory of the periodic structure, innovatively carries out the periodic vibration reduction ballast bed design, overturns the traditional structure vibration isolation thought, belongs to the intelligent structure (material) category, and has the following outstanding advantages:
(1) the vibration transmission in the vertical direction can be effectively controlled;
(2) the bandwidth and the position of a vibration isolation frequency band can be actively adjusted through the artificial design of a periodic structure or a material, the adjustability is strong, multi-section forbidden band distribution is formed within 200Hz, the maximum control bandwidth can reach more than 70Hz, and the lowest frequency can be as low as the vibration significant frequency of a rail transit environment below 63 Hz;
(3) the integrated design of bearing and vibration reduction functions can be realized without additionally adding a damper and a main control device, the load of a track system is reduced, and the generation of abnormal corrugation is inhibited;
(4) the input of vibration reduction cost is saved, and the vibration reduction cost can be used as a basic vibration reduction measure for a circuit;
(5) the vibration reduction part moves downwards, so that the measure types are reduced, and the smoothness of the track is ensured.
Multi-section forbidden band distribution is formed within 200Hz, the maximum control bandwidth can reach more than 70Hz, and the lowest frequency can be as low as the vibration significant frequency of the rail transit environment below 63 Hz; in addition, the design of integration of the bearing and vibration reduction functions can be simultaneously considered without additionally adding a damper and a main control device, the load of a track system is reduced, and abnormal corrugation is reduced; the input of vibration reduction cost is saved, and the vibration reduction cost can be used as a basic vibration reduction measure for a circuit; the vibration reduction part moves downwards, so that the measure types are reduced, and the smoothness of the track is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a first embodiment of a full-paved periodic cushioned shock absorbing ballast bed of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of a first embodiment of a full-paved periodic cushioned shock absorption track bed according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view B-B of a first embodiment of a full-paved periodic cushioned shock absorption track bed according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a second embodiment of a full-paved periodic cushioned shock absorbing ballast bed of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of a second embodiment of a full-paved periodic cushioned shock absorption track bed according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a second embodiment of a full-paved periodic cushioned shock absorbing ballast bed of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of a full-paved periodic cushioned shock absorbing ballast bed according to the present invention.
In the figure:
1. periodic composite track bed slab 1-1, concrete slab 1-2, periodic cushion layer 2, concrete base and limiting structure
2a, a convex part 3, an elastic cushion layer 4, a rail bearing platform 5, a sleeve 6 and a grouting hole
Detailed Description
To further clarify the technical solutions and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the intended advantages, the following detailed description of specific embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. The particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments in accordance with the description below:
as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the full-paved periodic cushion shock absorption ballast bed of the present invention includes a periodic composite ballast bed plate and a concrete base 2 disposed below the periodic composite ballast bed plate, and the periodic composite ballast bed plate and the concrete base 2 are limited by a limiting structure to prevent relative displacement. The periodic composite track bed plate is formed by alternately arranging and consolidating concrete plates 1-1 and periodic cushion layers from top to bottom, and the projections of the concrete plates and the periodic cushion layers in the vertical direction are completely overlapped to form a one-dimensional scattering type or local resonance type periodic structure in a cushion layer full-spread form; each concrete slab and the adjacent underlying periodic underlayment form a basic unit, and the number of periodic repetitions of the basic unit in the vertical direction is 3. The horizontal cross section of the slab 1-1 and the periodic cushion layer 1-2 is consistent in shape and is rectangular, and the slab and the periodic cushion layer are fastened by mortar or are sealed and solidified by glue. In this way, the effect of the periodic cushion layer 1-2 fully laid under the concrete slab 1-1 is achieved, the vibration energy transmitted by the concrete slab 1-1 is evenly spread and weakened, and the deformation can be coordinated, so that the vibration energy is effectively controlled through periodic attenuation. The top of the periodic composite track bed plate 1 consisting of the concrete slab 1-1 and the periodic cushion layer 1-2 is the concrete slab 1-1, so that the rigid connection and fixation with the steel rail through a fastener are realized.
The sum of the thicknesses of the plurality of basic cells is between 0.3m and 0.54m, and when the periodic cushion layer 1-2 is an elastic material layer, the sum of the thicknesses of the elastic layers in the multi-layered periodic cushion layer 1-2 should not exceed 0.04 m. By the method, the full-paved periodic cushion damping roadbed can meet the requirements of building clearance and rigidity and displacement of a track system.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, continuous protrusions 2a are formed to extend upward along left and right sides of the concrete foundation 2, the continuous protrusions wrap both sides of the periodic composite track bed plate, and an elastic cushion layer 3 is disposed between the continuous protrusions and both sides of the periodic composite track bed plate, and the continuous protrusions and the elastic cushion layer constitute the position limiting structure.
As shown in fig. 4 to 7, in another embodiment of the present invention, a through hole is formed on the periodic composite track bed plate, a protrusion 2a penetrating through the through hole is formed on the concrete base 2, an elastic cushion layer 3 is disposed between the protrusion and the through hole, the protrusion and the elastic cushion layer constitute the limit structure.
The elastic cushion 3 may be made of rubber, polyurethane, or the like.
As an alternative embodiment, a raised rail bearing platform 4 is arranged on the top of the periodic composite track bed slab 1 along the traveling direction, the rail bearing platform 4 can be continuous or discrete, discrete rail bearing platforms 4 are adopted in the embodiments shown in fig. 1-3 and fig. 4-6, and the center distance between adjacent rail bearing platforms 4 is 0.6 m.
As an optional embodiment, the rail bearing platform 4 is provided with two sleeves 5 at the corresponding position of each fastener for fixing the fastener, and the sleeves 5 are positioned at the diagonal positions of the surface of the rail bearing platform 4. Grouting holes 6 are sequentially formed in the upper surface of the periodic composite roadbed slab 1 along the driving direction, and the holes are arranged at equal intervals.
The periodic cushion layer 1-2 can be an elastic layer such as rubber and polyurethane; rigid layers such as steel plates; the composite layer formed by elastic composite rigidity also requires that the periodic cushion layer 1-2 and the concrete slab 1-1 form a larger impedance ratio.
By the mode, larger impedance steps can be formed on different medium interfaces, so that vibration is greatly attenuated.
As an optional implementation manner, the concrete slabs 1-1 and the periodic cushion layers 1-2 are alternately and repeatedly arranged along the vertical direction (thickness direction) to form a special one-dimensional scattering periodic composite track bed board 1, so that an elastic wave forbidden band can be formed, vibration within the forbidden band range is greatly attenuated, that is, a vibration attenuation frequency band is formed, and vibration in the vertical direction is effectively inhibited. When the periodic cushion layer 1-2 is an elastic cushion layer, in order to reduce the initial frequency of the first-order complete forbidden band, the thicknesses of the concrete slab 1-1 and the periodic cushion layer 1-2 can be increased, and the elastic moduli of the concrete slab 1-1 and the periodic cushion layer 1-2 are reduced; in order to increase the bandwidth of the first-order complete forbidden band, the thickness of the concrete slab 1-1 can be increased, the thickness of the periodic cushion layer 1-2 can be reduced, the elastic modulus of the concrete slab 1-1 and the periodic cushion layer 1-2 can be increased, and the impedance ratio of the concrete slab 1-1 and the periodic cushion layer 1-2 can be increased.
Through the mode, the periodic composite track bed plate 1 actively adjusts and controls by changing the structural geometric dimension and material composition of the concrete plate 1-1 and the periodic cushion layer 1-2, multi-section forbidden band distribution is formed within 200Hz, the control bandwidth can reach more than 70Hz to the maximum, and the lowest frequency can be lower than the vibration significant frequency of a track traffic environment and is 63 Hz.
The full-paved periodic cushion shock absorption ballast bed should meet the related requirements of subway design clearance, bearing capacity, displacement and durability.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The width of the concrete plate 1-1 and the width of the periodic cushion layer 1-2 are 2.2m, the thickness of the concrete plate 1-1 is 0.1m, the thickness of the periodic cushion layer 1-2 is 0.01m, the concrete plate (1-1) and the periodic cushion layer 1-2 are alternately repeated from top to bottom three times, and the periodic composite roadbed slab 1 with the thickness of 0.33m is formed. The thickness of the base of the concrete base and limiting structure 2 is 0.15m, and the height of the protrusion is 0.33 m.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1-3, the discrete projections have cross-sectional dimensions of 0.4m x 0.5m (0.5m being the dimension in the direction of travel of the line). In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4-6, the continuous protrusions have a longitudinal cross-sectional dimension of 0.33 m.times.0.4 m (0.4m is the dimension perpendicular to the direction of travel of the road).
The elastic cushion layer 3 is made of rubber and has the thickness of 0.02 m. The nearest center distance of the rail bearing platform 4 arranged along the line direction is 0.6m, the nearest center distance perpendicular to the line direction is 1.513m, the nearest center distance is 0.03m higher than the top surface of the periodic composite track bed board 1, the cross section size is 0.3m multiplied by 0.2m (0.2m is the running direction of the line), and a flat slope scheme is adopted. The distance between the two sleeves 5 on the same rail bearing platform 4 along the running direction of the line is 0.125m, and the distance along the running direction of the vertical line is 0.284 m. And the grouting holes 6 are round holes with the diameter of 0.17 m. The concrete slab 1-1 is made of C60 concrete, and the concrete base and limiting structure 2 is made of C40 self-compacting concrete.
The present embodiment is merely illustrative, and the dimensions and materials of the full-paved periodic cushion shock-absorbing ballast bed are set to be multiple, and the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment, and those skilled in the art can make modifications to the present embodiment as needed without inventive contribution, as long as the present invention is protected within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a full-spread periodic cushion damping ballast bed which characterized in that: comprises a periodic composite track bed plate and a concrete base arranged below the periodic composite track bed plate, wherein the periodic composite track bed plate and the concrete base are limited by a limiting structure to prevent relative displacement, wherein,
the periodic composite track bed plate is formed by alternately arranging and consolidating concrete plates and periodic cushion layers from top to bottom, and the projections of the concrete plates and the periodic cushion layers in the vertical direction are completely overlapped to form a one-dimensional scattering type or local resonance type periodic structure in a cushion layer full-spread form; each concrete slab and the adjacent periodic cushion layer below the concrete slab form a basic unit, and the number of periodic repetitions of the basic unit in the vertical direction is not less than 2.
2. The full-paved cycle cushioned shock-absorbing ballast bed as defined in claim 1, wherein: the periodic composite roadbed slab is provided with a through hole, a bulge passing through the through hole is formed on the concrete substrate, an elastic cushion layer is arranged between the bulge and the through hole, the bulge and the elastic cushion layer form the limiting structure.
3. The full-paved cycle cushioned shock-absorbing ballast bed as defined in claim 1, wherein: follow both sides upwards extend and form continuous bellying about the concrete foundation, continuous bellying wraps the compound railway roadbed board both sides of cycle are provided with the elastic cushion between continuous bellying and the compound railway roadbed board both sides of cycle, continuous bellying and elastic cushion constitute limit structure.
4. The full-paved cycle cushioned shock-absorbing ballast bed as defined in claim 1, wherein: the periodic cushion layer is an elastic layer, a rigid layer or a composite layer formed by compounding the elastic layer and a complex rigid layer, and the thickness of the periodic composite track bed plate is 0.3-0.54 m.
5. The full-paved cycle cushioned shock-absorbing ballast bed of claim 4, wherein: the periodic cushion layers are elastic layers, and the sum of the thicknesses of the elastic layers in the multiple periodic cushion layers is less than or equal to 0.04 m.
6. The full-paved cycle cushioned shock-absorbing ballast bed as defined in claim 1, wherein: the top of the periodic composite track bed plate is provided with continuous or discrete rail bearing platforms along the travelling direction, two sleeves for fixing fasteners are arranged at the positions of the rail bearing platforms corresponding to the fastener holes, and grouting holes are formed in the periodic composite track bed plate at intervals along the length direction.
7. The full-paved cycle cushioned shock-absorbing ballast bed as defined in claim 1, wherein: and the concrete slab and the periodic cushion layer are solidified through mortar or glue seal.
8. A full-paved periodic cushioned shock-absorbing ballast bed as claimed in any one of claims 1-7, wherein: the cross sections of the concrete slab and the periodic cushion layer in the horizontal direction are both rectangular.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011524411.2A CN112626932A (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2020-12-22 | Full-paved periodic cushion shock-absorbing ballast bed |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011524411.2A CN112626932A (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2020-12-22 | Full-paved periodic cushion shock-absorbing ballast bed |
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| CN112626932A true CN112626932A (en) | 2021-04-09 |
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| CN202011524411.2A Pending CN112626932A (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2020-12-22 | Full-paved periodic cushion shock-absorbing ballast bed |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113863085A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2021-12-31 | 同济大学 | Novel phononic crystal deceleration pavement structure |
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