CN112626429B - Method for improving aging resistance stability of 6000 series aluminum alloy plate - Google Patents
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the aging resistance stability of a 6000 series aluminum alloy plate. The method comprises the following steps: and carrying out continuous online treatment on the cold-rolled sheet strip coil, and then carrying out heat preservation treatment on the coiled material. The continuous on-line treatment comprises the steps of uncoiling of a cold rolled strip coil, solution quenching treatment, pre-aging treatment, coiling and temperature control and heat preservation treatment; the method comprises the following steps of continuously heating a plate and strip in a pre-aging heating device at a heating rate V to a temperature T1, keeping the temperature for a time T1, then coiling the plate and strip to obtain a coiled strip, keeping the temperature of the coiled strip at T2, and finally carrying out temperature control and heat preservation treatment on the coiled strip in a control device for a time T2, wherein the temperature V is more than or equal to 1 ℃/s and less than or equal to 5 ℃/s, the temperature T1 is more than or equal to 95 ℃ and less than or equal to 130 ℃, the temperature T1 is more than or equal to 15s and less than or equal to 90s, the temperature T2 is more than or equal to 50 ℃ and less than or equal to 68 ℃, and the temperature T2 is more than or equal to 240min and less than or equal to 780min. The invention has obvious effects on improving the anti-aging stability of the aluminum alloy plate and improving the baking varnish hardening response capability of the aluminum alloy plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a manufacturing method of an aluminum alloy plate, in particular to a method for improving the anti-aging stability of a 6000-series (Al-Mg-Si-series) aluminum alloy plate, and belongs to the technical field of preparation and processing of aluminum alloy materials.
Background
With the rapid development of the automobile industry, the problems between fuel consumption and environmental protection are more and more prominent; the governments of various countries have developed policy and regulation on exhaust emission and fuel consumption aiming at the traditional fuel vehicles, and strictly control important indexes of the traditional fuel vehicles, such as exhaust emission level, hundred kilometers of fuel consumption and the like. Under the circumstance, the purpose of remarkably reducing the oil consumption is achieved through the light weight design and manufacture of the traditional fuel oil automobile, and the fuel oil automobile becomes an inevitable path for the technology and product development of automobile manufacturing enterprises of various countries. In the integral structure of the automobile, the automobile body accounts for about 30% of the total weight of the automobile, and the weight reduction effect of replacing the traditional automobile body steel plate with a light material is obvious. Among all light materials, aluminum alloy is one of the ideal materials for the automotive industry due to its excellent combination of properties. Among all aluminum alloy materials, 6000 series aluminum alloy has the characteristics of medium strength, excellent corrosion resistance, weldability, easy surface coloring, recyclability and the like, and most importantly, the 6000 series aluminum alloy is matched with the existing automobile production system and can be hardened in the coating and baking paint process. Therefore, 6000 series aluminum alloys are one of the most promising lightweight materials for automobile bodies.
For an outer cover sheet material for an automobile body, it is generally required to have a lower yield strength and a higher elongation before press forming to ensure good press formability; after the baking finish treatment, the strength is required to be as high as possible so as to meet the requirement of dent resistance. In general, the yield strength of the plate after pre-ageing treatment at room temperature for 3 months is required to be not more than 140MPa. After the 6000 series aluminum alloy is subjected to solution treatment, natural aging (T4) can occur in the process of standing at room temperature, and researches show that the natural aging phenomenon already occurs after the 6000 series aluminum alloy is placed for half an hour. In the process, the strength of the plate is increased along with the prolonging of the standing time, which is not beneficial to the stamping forming of the plate, and meanwhile, the atom clusters formed in the natural aging process consume a large amount of vacancies and solute atoms, so that the plate has the baking varnish softening phenomenon in the subsequent baking varnish process. In response to this problem, the inventors have found that pre-aging (T4P, lower than the baking finish temperature) immediately after solution treatment is beneficial to the development of the room temperature standing properties and baking finish hardening response capability of the sheet. The plate after proper pre-aging treatment has good room temperature parking performance (anti-aging stability), ensures the forming performance, and has good baking varnish hardening response capability, thereby ensuring the anti-concave performance of the formed piece. The baking varnish hardening response capability refers to the increment of yield strength value of a T4 or T4P-state plate after deep drawing forming and baking varnish treatment, and the baking varnish treatment process adopted by an automobile manufacturer is generally 170-180 ℃/20-30 min. Therefore, the aging resistance stability of the 6000 series aluminum alloy plate is improved through a proper preparation method, the stamping forming performance of the aluminum alloy plate is favorably improved, the baking varnish hardening response capability of the plate is favorably improved, and the method has important significance for improving the cost performance of the aluminum alloy plate and expanding the wide application of the aluminum alloy plate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the aging resistance stability of a 6000 series aluminum alloy plate, which ensures that the plate has good room temperature parking performance (namely aging resistance stability) and also ensures that the plate has good baking varnish hardening response capability, thereby ensuring the stamping forming performance of the plate and the dent resistance of a formed piece.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for improving the aging resistance stability of a 6000 series aluminum alloy plate comprises the following steps:
(1) The raw materials are subjected to fusion casting to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot blank;
(2) Carrying out homogenization and hot rolling deformation integrated treatment on the ingot blank, and coiling to obtain a hot rolled strip coil;
(3) Carrying out intermediate annealing and cold rolling deformation treatment on the plate strip coil, and coiling to obtain a cold-rolled plate strip coil;
(4) Carrying out continuous online treatment on the plate strip coil, wherein the continuous online treatment comprises the working procedures of pre-aging treatment, coiling and temperature control and heat preservation treatment, cooling after the temperature control and heat preservation are finished to obtain a T4P-state plate strip, and placing the T4P-state plate strip at room temperature for 3 months to obtain a plate strip placed after pre-aging;
the method comprises the steps of continuously heating a plate strip in a pre-aging heating device at a heating rate V to a temperature T1 for a heat preservation time T1, coiling the plate strip to form a coil, keeping the temperature of the coil at T2, and finally carrying out temperature control and heat preservation treatment on the coil in a control device at the temperature of T2 and the time of T2, wherein V is more than or equal to 1 ℃/s and less than or equal to 5 ℃/s, T1 is more than or equal to 95 ℃ and less than or equal to 130 ℃, T1 is more than or equal to 15s and less than or equal to 90s, T2 is more than or equal to 50 ℃ and less than or equal to 68 ℃, and T2 is more than or equal to 240min and less than or equal to 780min.
The invention adopts two stages of high-temperature short-time and low-temperature long-time pre-aging treatment in the pre-aging treatment stage, the atom clusters formed in the first stage, namely the high-temperature short-time pre-aging treatment stage, have moderate sizes and proper quantity, and are further stabilized in the subsequent low-temperature long-time pre-aging treatment process, thereby being beneficial to the room-temperature parking performance of the plate and the exertion of the subsequent baking varnish hardening response capability. If the treatment temperature in the high-temperature short-time pre-aging stage is too high, the size and the number of the formed atom clusters are large, so that the yield strength of the plate is high, the plate cannot be qualified in the standing performance at room temperature, and subsequent stamping cannot be performed; after high-temperature short-time treatment, if the temperature of the low-temperature long-time pre-aging treatment stage is too low, the stabilization effect on the atom clusters formed in the first stage is avoided, so that the room-temperature standing performance of the plate is unqualified, and the baking varnish hardening response capability of the plate is not fully exerted; after the high-temperature short-time treatment, if the temperature of the low-temperature long-time pre-aging treatment stage is too high, the atom clusters formed in the first stage grow obviously, so that the yield strength of the plate is higher, the room-temperature standing performance of the plate is unqualified directly, and the subsequent stamping cannot be performed.
The heating mode of the pre-aging treatment is one or the combination of more than two of induction heating, gas combustion heating and infrared heating.
The realization mode of the temperature control and heat preservation treatment is to adopt a temperature control device to carry out manual heat preservation treatment.
And after the temperature control and heat preservation are finished, the coiled strip is cooled by strong air and/or air.
The yield strength of the pre-aged plate is not higher than 135MPa after the plate is placed at room temperature for 3 months.
After the pre-aged aluminum alloy plate is placed at room temperature for 3 months and is subjected to 170-180 ℃/20-30 min paint baking treatment, the increase value of the yield strength is more than or equal to 75MPa.
The invention has the advantages that:
according to the invention, through fine selection and reasonable collocation of pre-aging treatment parameters and implementation modes in the manufacturing process of the 6000 series aluminum alloy automobile body plate, the 6000 series aluminum alloy plate can obtain more excellent anti-aging stability, and meanwhile, good forming performance and baking varnish hardening response capability are kept. The invention has obvious effects on improving the anti-aging stability of the aluminum alloy plate and improving the baking varnish hardening response capability of the aluminum alloy plate. The yield strength of the pre-aged plate is not higher than 135MPa after the plate is placed at room temperature for 3 months. After the pre-aged aluminum alloy plate is placed at room temperature for 3 months, the increase value of the yield strength is more than or equal to 75MPa after the aluminum alloy plate is subjected to paint baking treatment at 170-180 ℃/20-30 min.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the pre-aging heating and coil temperature control and heat preservation treatment process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention or its application.
As shown in figure 1, the process for pre-aging heating and coil temperature control and heat preservation treatment in the invention comprises the following steps: continuously heating the plate and strip materials in a pre-aging heating device at a heating rate V to a temperature T1 for a heat preservation time T1, then coiling the plate and strip materials to obtain a coiled strip with a temperature T2, and finally carrying out temperature control and heat preservation treatment on the coiled strip in a control device at a temperature T2 for a time T2, wherein V is more than or equal to 1 ℃/s and less than or equal to 5 ℃/s, T1 is more than or equal to 95 ℃ and less than or equal to 130 ℃, T1 is more than or equal to 15s and less than or equal to 90s, T2 is more than or equal to 50 ℃ and less than or equal to 68 ℃, and T2 is more than or equal to 240min and less than or equal to 780min.
Example 1
The invention is applied to a novel 6000-series aluminum alloy, and the nominal composition range (mass fraction percent) is as follows: mg:0.7 to 1.3, si:0.6 to 1.2, cu:0.02 to 0.20, mn: 0.01-0.25, fe is less than or equal to 0.40, zn:0.25 to 0.80, zr:0.01 to 0.20, and the balance of Al and inevitable other impurities; one typical alloy composition was selected among: 0.95% Mg,0.90% by weight of Si,0.16% by weight of Cu,0.10% by weight of Mn,0.5% by weight of Zn,0.11% by weight of Zr, the balance of Al and inevitable other impurities. The alloy raw material is melted and cast into an ingot blank at 700 ℃, hot rolling deformation is carried out after homogenization treatment at 550 ℃/18h, the hot rolling finishing temperature is 280 ℃, the thickness is 6mm, and the alloy raw material is rolled into a cold-rolled alloy strip coil with the thickness of 0.95mm after intermediate annealing treatment at 320 ℃/2 h. Uncoiling a strip coil on a continuous heat treatment production line, carrying out the working procedures of 545 ℃ solid solution quenching treatment, pre-aging treatment, coiling and the like, and then carrying out temperature control and heat preservation treatment on the strip coil, wherein the technical scheme of the pre-aging heating and temperature control and heat preservation treatment is shown in table 1. And after the heat preservation treatment is finished, cooling the coiled strip in a mode of combining strong air cooling and air cooling to obtain a T4P-state plate strip, and placing the plate strip at room temperature for 3 months to obtain a plate strip sample placed after pre-aging. And finally, pre-deforming the sample which is placed for 3 months with the deformation amount of 2 percent and simulating baking finish treatment at 170 ℃ for 20min to obtain a PB (Paint-based) state sample.
1-1 in table 1 is a treatment procedure of a T4-state plate, namely, the plate is placed at room temperature for 2 weeks after solution treatment, 1-2-1-11 is a technical scheme of the invention, compared with the technical scheme which is not the invention, the technical scheme of the invention carries out short-time heat preservation treatment in a high-temperature pre-aging stage of a first stage, meanwhile, the low-temperature long-time pre-aging treatment temperature of a second stage is lower, and an atomic cluster formed in the first stage is subjected to stabilization treatment in the second stage, so that the anti-aging stability of the plate is improved, the stamping forming performance of the plate is facilitated, and the baking varnish hardening response capability is exerted; in the technical scheme of the invention, the pre-aging temperatures in the first stage and the second stage are both higher, and the atom clusters with larger sizes and more numbers are formed in the plate, so that the yield strength of the plate is higher, and the plate has unqualified room-temperature parking performance.
Table 2 shows the yield strength increase after the novel 6000 series aluminum alloy plate sample is placed at room temperature for 3 months after being subjected to the pre-aging treatment (T4P) and the corresponding simulated paint baking treatment after being treated by adopting different technical schemes in table 1. As can be seen from the table, after the technical scheme is adopted, the yield strength of the novel 6000-series aluminum alloy subjected to the pre-aging treatment after being placed at room temperature for 3 months is not higher than 135MPa, namely, the plate has good anti-aging stability, and meanwhile, the corresponding plate has good baking varnish hardening response capability; the yield strength of the T4P state of the plate in the technical scheme of the invention is higher and mostly exceeds 140MPa, and the plate has poor stamping forming performance or cannot be stamped and formed after being placed at room temperature for 3 months. Therefore, through comparative analysis, the method provided by the invention is fully proved to be capable of effectively improving the anti-aging stability of the plate.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
Example 2
The invention is applied to a commercial AA6016 aluminum alloy, and the nominal composition range (mass fraction percent): mg:0.25 to 0.6, si:1.0 to 1.5, cu: less than or equal to 0.20, mn: less than or equal to 0.20, fe less than or equal to 0.50, zn: less than or equal to 0.20, ti: less than or equal to 0.15, cr: less than or equal to 0.10, and the balance of A1 and other inevitable impurities; one typical alloy composition was selected among: 0.45% Mg,1.05% by weight of Si,0.1% by weight of Cu,0.1% by weight of Mn,0.05% by weight of Zn,0.02% by weight of Cr, the balance A1 and inevitable other impurities. The alloy raw material is melted and cast into a flat ingot at 700 ℃, hot rolling deformation is carried out after homogenization treatment at 550 ℃/18h, the hot rolling finishing temperature is 280 ℃, the thickness is 6mm, and the alloy raw material is rolled into a cold-rolled alloy strip coil with the thickness of 0.95mm after intermediate annealing treatment at 320 ℃/2 h. Uncoiling a strip coil on a continuous heat treatment production line, carrying out the working procedures of 545 ℃ solid solution quenching treatment, pre-aging treatment, coiling and the like, and then carrying out temperature control and heat preservation treatment on the strip coil, wherein the technical scheme of the pre-aging heating and temperature control and heat preservation treatment is shown in table 3. And after the heat preservation treatment is finished, cooling the coiled strip in a mode of combining strong air cooling and air cooling to obtain a T4P-state plate strip, and placing the plate strip at room temperature for 3 months to obtain a plate strip sample placed after pre-aging. And finally, pre-deforming the sample which is placed for 3 months with the deformation amount of 2 percent and simulating baking finish treatment at 170 ℃ for 20min to obtain a PB (Paint-based) state sample.
In table 3, 2-1 is a treatment process of the T4-state plate, i.e., the plate is placed at room temperature for 2 weeks after solution treatment, 2-11 is a technical scheme of the present invention, and compared with the technical scheme of 2-12-2-17 which is not the present invention, the technical scheme of the present invention performs short-time heat preservation treatment in the high-temperature pre-aging stage of the first stage, and meanwhile, the low-temperature long-time pre-aging treatment temperature of the second stage is lower, and the atom clusters formed in the first stage are stabilized in the second stage, so that the anti-aging stability of the plate is improved, and the development of baking varnish hardening response capability is facilitated.
Table 4 shows the yield strength increment after placing the 6016 aluminum alloy plate sample subjected to the treatment according to the different technical schemes in table 3 at room temperature for 3 months after pre-aging treatment (T4P) and after the corresponding simulated paint baking treatment. It can be seen from the table that, after the technical scheme of the invention is adopted, 6016 aluminum alloy obtains an effect similar to that of the 6000 series aluminum alloy in the embodiment 1, and meanwhile, compared with the technical scheme of the invention, the yield strength of the plate placed for 3 months after the pre-aging treatment by adopting the technical scheme of the invention is equivalent to that of the plate T4P (not placed for 3 months) by adopting the technical scheme of the invention, which fully proves the practicability of the method of the invention for improving the anti-aging stability of the 6000 series aluminum alloy plate.
TABLE 3
TABLE 4
Claims (4)
1. A method for improving the aging resistance stability of 6000 series aluminum alloy plates, which is characterized in that,
the nominal composition range of the 6000 series aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mg:0.7 to 1.3%, si:0.6 to 1.2%, cu:0.02 to 0.20%, mn: 0.01-0.25%, fe is less than or equal to 0.40%, zn:0.25 to 0.80%, zr:0.01 to 0.20 percent, and the balance of Al and other inevitable impurities;
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) The raw materials are subjected to fusion casting to obtain an as-cast aluminum alloy ingot blank;
(2) Carrying out homogenization and hot rolling deformation integrated treatment on the ingot blank, and coiling to obtain a hot rolled strip coil;
(3) Carrying out intermediate annealing and cold rolling deformation treatment on the plate strip coil, and coiling to obtain a cold-rolled plate strip coil;
(4) Carrying out continuous online treatment on the plate strip coil, wherein the continuous online treatment comprises the working procedures of pre-aging treatment, coiling and temperature control and heat preservation treatment, cooling after the temperature control and heat preservation are finished to obtain a T4P-state plate strip, and placing the plate strip at room temperature for 3 months to obtain a pre-aged plate strip;
continuously heating the plate and strip materials in a pre-aging heating device at a heating rate V to a temperature T1 for a heat preservation time T1, then coiling the plate and strip materials to form a coil, wherein the temperature of the coiled coil is T2, and finally carrying out temperature control and heat preservation treatment on the coiled coil in a control device at a temperature T2 for a time T2, wherein V is more than or equal to 1 ℃/s and less than or equal to 5 ℃/s, T1 is more than or equal to 95 ℃ and less than or equal to 130 ℃, T1 is more than or equal to 15s and less than or equal to 50s, T2 is more than or equal to 50 ℃ and less than or equal to 58 ℃, and T2 is more than or equal to 240min and less than or equal to 780min;
the yield strength of the pre-aged plate is not higher than 135MPa after the plate is placed at room temperature for 3 months;
after pre-aging, the plate is placed at room temperature for 3 months and is subjected to baking finish treatment at 170-180 ℃/20-30 min, and the increase value of the yield strength is more than or equal to 75MPa.
2. The method for improving the aging resistance stability of the 6000 series aluminum alloy plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating mode of the pre-aging treatment is one or a combination of more than two of induction heating, gas combustion heating and infrared heating.
3. The method for improving the aging resistance stability of the 6000 series aluminum alloy plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature control and heat preservation treatment is implemented by adopting a temperature control device to perform manual heat preservation treatment.
4. The method for improving the aging resistance stability of the 6000 series aluminum alloy plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coil is cooled by strong air and/or air after the temperature control and heat preservation are finished.
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| CN114231862A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-25 | 湖南乾龙新材料有限公司 | Production process and application of T4P-state aluminum alloy narrow coiled plate |
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