CN112625916B - 一株粗毛纤孔菌w01及其应用和抗肿瘤活性天然产物的分离方法 - Google Patents
一株粗毛纤孔菌w01及其应用和抗肿瘤活性天然产物的分离方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一株粗毛纤孔菌W01及其应用和抗肿瘤活性天然产物的分离方法。通过超高效液相色谱串联四级杆飞行时间质谱仪(AB Sciex Exion‑QTOF X500R)从粗毛纤孔菌W01的提取物中鉴定分离到的抗肿瘤活性单体化合物包括:肉桂酸、尿苷、APA,其中肉桂酸是首次从粗毛纤孔菌中分离发现,APA还未有抗肝癌方面的报道。粗毛纤孔菌目前的菌种资源稀少,且粗毛纤孔菌新菌株有发现新的活性化合物的潜在可能,因此,挖掘粗毛纤孔菌新菌株,不仅能丰富菌种资源,也是发现新颖活性物的重要途经。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于微生物技术领域,涉及到一株粗毛纤孔菌新菌株W01 及其抗肿瘤活性天然产物的分离与应用。
背景技术
癌症是21世纪人类的最大杀手之一,一直未能找到有效的方法医治,主要原因是当前措施虽可抑制肿瘤生长,但造成的副作用也明显,部分正常细胞也会受到一定的损害,且药物价格昂贵。1969年日本科学家田池等发现香菇中的提取物对小鼠体内的肿瘤有阻碍作用,从此拉开了对食药用真菌的研究序幕,随着不断的探索,发现食药用真菌不仅对人体无害,还能提供综合营养,之后大量食药用真菌制作成抗癌药物,目前已经有50 多种用于加工。大型药用真菌相比较西药具有疗效长、对身体损害小的优点,近几年也引起了医药界的高度关注,因此,挖掘药用真菌资源,对开发抗肿瘤活性药物或药物先导分子具有重要的意义。
粗毛纤孔菌(Inonotus hispidus)是一种重要的大型药用真菌,隶属于担子菌门(Basidiomycota),伞菌纲(Agaricomycetes),锈革孔菌目(Hymenochaetales),锈革孔菌科(Hymenochaetaceae),纤孔菌属(Inonotus),是一种生长在温带的木腐菌,常见于桑树、水曲柳、榆树、杨树和日本槐上。粗毛纤孔菌具有重要的药用价值,在中国东北常用于治疗消化不良等胃病,新疆南部维吾尔族作为“桑黄”采集入药,主要用于治疗癌症、糖尿病、痛风和关节炎等疑难疾病。随着对粗毛纤孔菌研究的深入,发现粗毛纤孔菌的子实体还具有其它多种药物活性,比如抗氧化、抗病毒和提高免疫力等作用,还有多种抗肿瘤活性成分。
粗毛纤孔菌子实体的药物活性成分主要包括多糖类、三萜类、黄酮类等化合物,目前已发现麦角甾醇、7(8),22(23)-二烯-3-酮-麦角甾烷、4-(3,4-二羟苯基)-3-丁烯-2-酮、phellibaumin A、3,3’-亚甲基双[6-[2-(3,4-二羟苯基)乙烯基]-4-羟基-2H-吡喃-2-酮](MBP)、(22E,24R)-5α,8α-过氧麦角甾-6,22-二烯-3β-醇、 4,6,8(14),22(23)-四烯-3-酮-麦角甾烷、齿孔酸、Hispidin、 Hispolon、次黄嘌呤核苷、Inoscavin C和原儿茶酸等化合物。其中 MBP、Hispidin、Hispolon、次黄嘌呤核苷有抗肿瘤活性的报道。
粗毛纤孔菌目前的菌种资源稀少,且粗毛纤孔菌新菌株有发现新的活性化合物的潜在可能,因此,挖掘粗毛纤孔菌新菌株,不仅能丰富菌种资源,也是发现新颖活性物的重要途径。
发明内容
本发明的首要目的是挖掘具有抗肿瘤活性的粗毛纤孔菌菌种资源,分离其中的抗肿瘤活性化合物,提供了一株具有抑制肝癌细胞 (Hep-3B)的粗毛纤孔菌新菌株(Inonotussp.)W01,该菌株已于 2020年11月09日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心(简称CGMCC,地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号),保藏编号为:CGMCC No.21046。
菌株的鉴定:该菌株采取自桑植县原始森林,其子实体经过组织分离培养获得菌丝体后,通过形态鉴定与粗毛纤孔菌比较接近,且 ITS分子鉴定发现,在NCBI上与粗毛纤孔菌Inonotus hispidus gene (NCBI登录号:AB811856.1)有最高同源相似性,但最高也只有94%,并且在系统发育上有新的分支,因此,结合形态特征,可以确定该菌株W01为粗毛纤孔菌潜在的新菌株。
本发明所述的粗毛纤孔菌(Inonotus sp.)W01含有肉桂酸、尿苷、4-Amino-1-(carboxycarbonyl)-2,4-Pyrrolidinedic arboxylic acid(简称APA)。
本发明的第二个目的是提供所述的粗毛纤孔菌W01在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
尤其是所述的粗毛纤孔菌W01在制备抗肝癌药物中的应用。
本发明的第三个目的是提供所述的粗毛纤孔菌W01中提取的抗肿瘤活性物质在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
尤其是所述的粗毛纤孔菌W01中提取的抗肿瘤活性物质在制备抗肝癌药物中的应用。
所述的抗肿瘤活性物质包括肉桂酸、尿苷、4- Amino-1-(carboxycarbonyl)-2,4-Pyrrolidinedic arboxylic acid 中的至少一种。
本发明的第四个目的是提供4-Amino-1-(carboxycarbonyl)- 2,4-Pyrrolidinedic arboxylic acid在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
所述的肿瘤包括肝癌。
本发明的第五个目的是提供所述的粗毛纤孔菌W01中抗肿瘤活性天然产物的分离方法,通过萃取、层析、液相色谱分离、质谱鉴定后得到。
本发明抗肿瘤活性化合物的分离鉴定采用化学分离与活性跟踪相结合的方法,通过萃取、层析、液相色谱分离、质谱鉴定后得到了 3个具有抗肿瘤活性的单体化合物,分别为肉桂酸、尿苷、 4-Amino-1-(carboxycarbonyl)-2,4-Pyrrolidinedic arboxylic acid(APA),其中肉桂酸是首次从粗毛纤孔菌中分离发现,APA还未有抗肝癌方面的报道。具体的分离鉴定方法如下:
将20g菌丝体用液氮研磨得到粉末,将粉末与甲醇以1:10的比例混匀后,进行超声提取3次,每次1h,提取液合并后进行冷冻干燥,将粗提物用水混悬,依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯或正丁醇(水:有机试剂体积比1:3)进行萃取,不同萃取相分别经过旋转蒸发后,用水复溶,并进行体外细胞实验的活性跟踪。发现在乙酸乙酯(YY) 和正丁醇(DY)相中具有抗肿瘤活性。然后对乙酸乙酯相用LH20葡聚糖凝胶层析柱进行分离,流动相为乙腈:水=1:1,对分离组分进行活性跟踪,得到了YY-8活性组分,正丁醇相(DY)用硅胶柱层析柱分离,流动相为氯仿(A),甲醇(B),5%A-95%A进行梯度洗脱,洗脱时间18min,活性跟踪检测到活性组分DY-2、DY-3。YY-8、DY-2、DY-3 再用液相色谱分离得到3个纯净的具有抗肿瘤活性的单体化合物。色谱柱:C18,流速:1ml/min,检测波长:260nm,梯度洗脱程序如下:
通过超高效液相色谱串联四级杆飞行时间质谱仪(AB Sciex Exion-QTOF X500R)鉴定分离到的抗肿瘤活性单体化合物,DY2为肉桂酸、DY-3为尿苷、YY-8为4-Amino-1-(carboxycarbonyl)-2,4 -Pyrrolidinedic arboxylic acid(APA),其中肉桂酸是首次从粗毛纤孔菌中分离发现,APA还未有抗肝癌方面的报道。
本发明首次发现了化合物APA的抗肝癌生物活性:通过体外细胞实验研究发现,APA能明显抑制肝癌细胞,而对正常细胞的影响较小,其半数抑制浓度在35μg/mL,具有重要的潜在应用价值,通过流式细胞术分析发现,APA对细胞的抑制可能是通过促凋亡发生的,在抗肿瘤药物开发方面具有重要的潜在应用价值。
本发明的优点:
1、本发明通过活性筛选,发现了一株具有抑制肝癌细胞(Hep-3 B) 的粗毛纤孔菌新菌株(Inonotus sp.)W01,丰富了粗毛纤孔菌菌种资源,在药物开发方面具有重要的潜在应用价值。
2、本发明分离并鉴定了粗毛纤孔菌新菌株W01的抗肝癌活性化物,得到了3个具有抗肿瘤活性的单体化合物,分别为肉桂酸、尿苷、 4-Amino-1-(carboxycarbonyl)-2,4-Pyrrolidinedic arboxylic acid(APA),其中肉桂酸是首次从粗毛纤孔菌中分离发现,APA还未有抗肝癌方面的报道。并通过体外细胞实验发现APA能促使肝癌细胞发生凋亡,为挖掘生物抗癌药物或药物前导分子提供物质基础。
附图说明
图1:实施例2中W01菌株的形态鉴定;
A:子实体形态;B:子实体的横切面;C:体式显微镜观察子实体表面的微观(10X);D:体式显微镜观察子实体横切面(80);E:培养菌丝形态;F:显微镜下菌丝体形态(1000X)
图2:实施例2中W01菌株基于ITS序列的系统发育树;
图3:实施例2中活性跟踪分离抗肿瘤化合物;
A:乙酸乙酯萃取相的色谱图;B:正丁醇萃取相色谱图;C:乙酸乙酯活性跟踪;D:正丁醇相活性跟踪;
图4:实施例3中肉桂酸的质谱鉴定;
A:肉桂酸质谱图;B:肉桂酸母离子裂解途径;
图5:实施例3中尿苷的质谱鉴定;
A:尿苷质谱图;B:尿苷母离子裂解途径;
图6:实施例3中APA的质谱鉴定;
A:APA质谱图;B:APA母离子裂解途径;
图7:实施例4中APA对肝癌细胞的抑制作用;
A:MTT检测APA对肿瘤细胞的抑制率;B:APA对肿瘤细胞抑制的形态;
图8为实施例5中APA对促使肝癌细胞的凋亡。
具体实施方式:
以下将结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明,而不会形成对本发明的限制。
实施例1 W01菌株的分离与纯化
该菌株的子实体于2017年3月25日采集自桑植县原始森林,子实体经过组织分离后,在PDA培养基上纯化得到该菌株的菌丝培养物。
子实体的组织分离:子实体用75%酒精消毒表面,用无菌手术刀从子实体的中间部位切开子实体,用无菌接种钩挖取切开面中间位置的组织,放置于含PDA培养基的培养皿中间位置。将培养皿放置于 26℃恒温培养箱培养至菌丝萌发。
实施例2 W01菌株的鉴定
形态鉴定:该菌株的子实体无柄,下表面和边缘呈黄色,有毛绒结构,上表面呈黑色,木质结构,子实体的横切面结构松散,有明显的微管,微管内可见菌丝。菌丝在PDA上最初为白色,后期转为黄色,菌丝结构有分枝和隔膜,担孢子呈椭圆型,形态符合粗毛纤孔菌的特征。
分子鉴定:将菌丝从PDA平皿上刮下,经液氮研磨后,利用真菌基因组试剂盒提取基因组。以提取到的基因组为模板进行PCR扩增 ITS序列。
引物:ITS1(5'-TCCGTAGGTGGTGAACCTGCGG-3')
ITS4(5'-TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC-3')
反应体系30.0μL:10×PCR Buffer 5.0μL,DNA模板2.0μL, Taq DNA聚合酶0.2μL,dNTP 3.0μL,正、反引物各1.0μL,以无菌去离子水补足至17.8μL。
扩增程序:94℃预变性3min,94℃45s,55℃45s,72℃90 s;进行32个循环,72℃延伸10min,4℃终止。
取2.0μL PCR产物用1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳进行检测。将PCR扩增获得的ITS序列连接至pMD18-T载体,转入大肠杆菌top10后,提取阳性质粒送至生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司进行测序。
将ITS序列测序结果在NCBI数据库上进行Blast比对,发现与粗毛纤孔菌Inonotushispidus gene(NCBI登录号:AB811856.1) 的ITS序列最为接近,相似度为94%,结合形态分析确定W01菌株为粗毛纤孔菌。选取在分类上容易与粗毛纤孔菌混淆的桑黄菌属与针层孔菌属的ITS序列,运用MEGA3.1和Clustal X 1.81,采用邻接法 (N-J)构建系统发育树(Replications=1000,Bootstrap值取百分比)。 W01在进化树的纤孔菌属(Group3),且与粗毛纤孔菌Inonotus hispidus gene(NCBI登录号:AB811856.1)的亲缘关系最接近,但该菌株在进化树上形成独立的分支,且与最接近的菌株的相似度只有 94%,有可能是粗毛纤孔菌新的亚种。
W01菌株的ITS序列
AAGGATCATTATCGAGTTTTGAAACCGAAGGCCTGTGCTGGTGCGGAAACGCACATGTGCACGGCTTTCG TGCTCAAATCCATTCAAACCCCTGTGCACTTTTGAACCGGTTGAAGCTAGTAGTTGGTAACACCTTCGACTCGCG ACCTAGTACTGCCAGTAATACTTGTAGGGAGGGGCCTTTGCGGCCTTTCGAACGTTTGAAAGCAGGAAAACGTTA AGAGAAAGAGAGAGGTAGTGAAGGCGAACGCTTTGACTAGTTTGTATTATAAACCCTTTTATTGTTATGTGAATG TAATGCTCCTTGTGGGCGATAATGTTATACAACTTTCAACAACGGATCTCTAGGCTCTCGCATCGATGAAGAACG CAGCGAAATGCGATAAGTAATGTGAATTGCAGAATTCAGTGAATCATCGAATCTTTGAACGCACCTTGCGCCCCT TGGTATTCCGAGGGGCATGCCTGTTTGAGTGTCGTGTTAATCTCAAATCCGCTTGTCTTGTGTTTGCTTCTTGGT TGAACTTGAAGTAGGCTGGCTGACTTGCGATTTGGACTTGGAGGTTTATGCTGGCCCGGGTCGACTTTGGTGGTT GCCCTTTGGTTCGTCGGCTCCTCTTAAATGCATTAGCTGGACTTTGGTTCGCGTTTTATGGTGTAATAGTGTTAT TATGCTTCGCCGGAGCGCTTGCCTAACGGGTCTGCTTCTAATCGTCCGTGTTACTTTTTGTAACGGGACAAGGAT CCCTTAGTGGCCCTTAACTCTGACACCTTTGACCTCAAATCAGGTAGGACTACCCGCTGA
实施例3 W01菌丝体抗肿瘤活性成分的分离鉴定
将20g菌丝体用液氮研磨得到粉末,将粉末与甲醇以1:10的比例混匀后,进行超声提取3次,每次1h,提取液合并后进行冷冻干燥,将粗提物用水混悬,依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯或正丁醇(水:有机试剂体积比1:3)进行萃取,不同萃取相分别经过旋转蒸发后,用水复溶,并进行体外细胞实验的活性跟踪。发现在乙酸乙酯(YY)、和正丁醇(DY)相中具有抗肿瘤活性。然后对乙酸乙酯相用LH20葡聚糖凝胶层析柱进行分离,流动相:乙腈:水=1:1,对分离组分进行活性跟踪,得到了YY-8活性组分,正丁醇相(DY)用硅胶柱层析柱分离,流动相为氯仿(A),甲醇(B),5%A-95%A进行梯度洗脱,洗脱时间18min,活性跟踪检测到活性组分DY-2、DY-3。YY-8、DY-2、DY-3 再用液相色谱分离得到3个纯净的具有抗肿瘤活性的单体化合物。色谱柱:C18,流速:1ml/min,检测波长:280nm,梯度洗脱程序如下:
通过超高效液相色谱串联四级杆飞行时间质谱仪(AB Sciex Exion-QTOF X500R)鉴定分离到的抗肿瘤活性单体化合物,DY2为肉桂酸、DY-3为尿苷、YY-8为4-Amino-1-(carboxycarbonyl)-2,4 -Pyrrolidinedic arboxylic acid(APA),其中肉桂酸是首次从粗毛纤孔菌中分离发现,APA还未有抗肝癌方面的报道。
实施例4化合物APA对肝癌细胞的抑制率
将APA用无菌水配比成不同浓度梯度:5、10、20、40、80、 160μg/mL,无菌水为对照,在96孔板中接种Hep-3B肝癌细胞和正常细胞HUVEC,每孔1×103cells/100μL,加样体积30μL,置于5%CO2 培养箱中培养48h后,用MTT法计算活性组分对肿瘤细胞的抑制率,并用SPSS13.0软件计算活性物质的半致死浓度IC50。结果发现APA 对抗癌细胞的抑制呈现明显的剂效关系,而对正常细胞HUVEC的抑制率较小,APA对肝癌细胞的半数抑制率(IC50)为35μg/mL。结果见图7。
实施例5化合物APA促使肝癌细胞发生凋亡
将APA配置成20、40、60μg/mL不同浓度梯度处理肝癌细胞24h 后,收集细胞进行PI和Annexin V-FITC的双染,在流式细胞仪上进行检测,发现随着药物浓度的增加,早期凋亡和晚期凋亡的细胞逐渐增加,坏死细胞没有明显变化,因此,APA能促使肿瘤细胞发生凋亡(程序性死亡)而非坏死(非程序性死亡),在肿瘤药物开发方面具有重要的潜在价值。结果见图8。
序列表
<110> 湖南省微生物研究院
<120> 一株粗毛纤孔菌W01及其应用和抗肿瘤活性天然产物的分离方法
<160> 3
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 805
<212> DNA
<213> 粗毛纤孔菌(Inonotus sp.)
<400> 1
aaggatcatt atcgagtttt gaaaccgaag gcctgtgctg gtgcggaaac gcacatgtgc 60
acggctttcg tgctcaaatc cattcaaacc cctgtgcact tttgaaccgg ttgaagctag 120
tagttggtaa caccttcgac tcgcgaccta gtactgccag taatacttgt agggaggggc 180
ctttgcggcc tttcgaacgt ttgaaagcag gaaaacgtta agagaaagag agaggtagtg 240
aaggcgaacg ctttgactag tttgtattat aaaccctttt attgttatgt gaatgtaatg 300
ctccttgtgg gcgataatgt tatacaactt tcaacaacgg atctctaggc tctcgcatcg 360
atgaagaacg cagcgaaatg cgataagtaa tgtgaattgc agaattcagt gaatcatcga 420
atctttgaac gcaccttgcg ccccttggta ttccgagggg catgcctgtt tgagtgtcgt 480
gttaatctca aatccgcttg tcttgtgttt gcttcttggt tgaacttgaa gtaggctggc 540
tgacttgcga tttggacttg gaggtttatg ctggcccggg tcgactttgg tggttgccct 600
ttggttcgtc ggctcctctt aaatgcatta gctggacttt ggttcgcgtt ttatggtgta 660
atagtgttat tatgcttcgc cggagcgctt gcctaacggg tctgcttcta atcgtccgtg 720
ttactttttg taacgggaca aggatccctt agtggccctt aactctgaca cctttgacct 780
caaatcaggt aggactaccc gctga 805
<210> 2
<211> 22
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 2
tccgtaggtg gtgaacctgc gg 22
<210> 3
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 3
tcctccgctt attgatatgc 20
Claims (2)
1.一株粗毛纤孔菌(Inonotus sp.)W01,保藏编号为:CGMCC No.21046。
2.权利要求1所述的粗毛纤孔菌W01在制备抗肝癌药物中的应用。
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