CN112624732A - Building ceramic prepared from waste incineration fly ash and preparation method - Google Patents
Building ceramic prepared from waste incineration fly ash and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
- C04B33/1355—Incineration residues
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/1315—Non-ceramic binders
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/6303—Inorganic additives
- C04B35/6316—Binders based on silicon compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
- C04B2235/3472—Alkali metal alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. spodumene, alkali feldspars such as albite or orthoclase, micas such as muscovite, zeolites such as natrolite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing building ceramic by utilizing waste incineration fly ash, which comprises the steps of firstly calcining and dry-grinding the obtained fly ash at the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃ to obtain a first raw material; then, mixing the obtained clay, shale, talc, feldspar and auxiliary materials according to a mass ratio, adding a diluent and water for dilution, and carrying out wet grinding and drying to prepare powder to obtain a second raw material; then, the first raw material and the second raw material are mixed according to the proportion of 20-40%: mixing and stirring 60-80% of the raw materials in mass ratio, and uniformly stirring at a stirring speed increased in an equal ratio for a set stirring time; and after the semi-finished product after stirring is pressed, dried and glazed, the semi-finished product is fired at 1150-plus-1200 ℃, and the qualified product is packaged, so that the ancient building ceramic with higher efficiency, more energy conservation, more safety and more environmental protection is produced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building ceramic production, in particular to building ceramic prepared by utilizing waste incineration fly ash and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, in the process of waste incineration, a large amount of fly ash is generated to influence the environment, cause environmental pollution and seriously threaten the ecological environment and human activities, so that how to recycle the waste incineration fly ash becomes urgent and important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing building ceramics by utilizing waste incineration fly ash and a preparation method thereof, and provides a method for producing ancient building ceramics with higher efficiency, more energy conservation, more safety and environmental protection.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a building ceramic using fly ash from waste incineration, comprising the steps of:
calcining and dry-grinding the obtained fly ash at the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃ to obtain a first raw material;
wet grinding the obtained various raw materials except the fly ash, and drying and pulverizing to obtain a second raw material;
stirring the first raw material and the second raw material according to a ratio;
and pressing, drying and glazing the uniformly stirred semi-finished product, firing at 1150-1200 ℃, and packaging the qualified product.
Wherein, the obtained fly ash is calcined and dry-ground at the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃ to obtain a first raw material, which comprises the following steps:
the obtained fly ash is pretreated, then is calcined at the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃, and is subjected to dry grinding by a Raymond grinding method to obtain a first raw material.
Wherein, to the multiple raw materials except that the flying ash of obtaining wet-milling, and dry the powder process, obtain the second raw materials, include:
mixing the obtained clay, shale, talc, feldspar and auxiliary materials according to a mass ratio, and adding 0.8-1.5% of diluent and 35-45% of water for dilution;
wet grinding the diluted mixture by a wet grinding method, and drying to prepare powder to obtain a second raw material.
Wherein, adopt wet-milling method to carry out wet-milling to the mixture after diluting to the powder process of drying obtains the second raw materials, includes:
and filtering the mixture after wet grinding under a sieve mesh of 20-80 meshes, and preparing powder in a powder preparation device to obtain a second raw material.
Wherein, stir first raw materials and second raw materials according to the ratio, include:
mixing the first raw material and the second raw material according to the proportion of 20-40%: mixing and stirring 60-80% of the raw materials, and uniformly stirring at an increased stirring speed for a set stirring time.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing architectural ceramics using fly ash from waste incineration, which is applied to a method for preparing architectural ceramics using fly ash from waste incineration according to the first aspect,
the building ceramic prepared by utilizing the waste incineration fly ash comprises a first raw material and a second raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the first raw material to the second raw material is 20-40%: 60 to 80 percent;
the first raw material is 20-40% fly ash.
Wherein the second raw material comprises 25-45 parts of clay, 10-25 parts of shale, 10-30 parts of talc, 5-10 parts of feldspar and 1-5 parts of auxiliary materials.
Wherein the second raw material comprises 35-45 parts of clay, 15-25 parts of shale, 15-30 parts of talc, 6-10 parts of feldspar and 1-10 parts of auxiliary materials.
The invention relates to a method for preparing building ceramics by utilizing waste incineration fly ash and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the steps of firstly calcining and dry-grinding the obtained fly ash at the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃ to obtain a first raw material; then, mixing the obtained clay, shale, talc, feldspar and auxiliary materials according to a mass ratio, adding 0.8-1.5% of diluent and 35-45% of water for dilution, wet-grinding the diluted mixture by adopting a wet grinding method, and drying and pulverizing to obtain a second raw material; then, the first raw material and the second raw material are mixed according to the proportion of 20-40%: mixing and stirring 60-80% of the raw materials in mass ratio, and uniformly stirring at a stirring speed increased in an equal ratio for a set stirring time; and after the semi-finished product after stirring is pressed, dried and glazed, the semi-finished product is fired at 1150-plus-1200 ℃, and the qualified product is packaged, so that the ancient building ceramic with higher efficiency, more energy conservation, more safety and more environmental protection is produced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic step diagram of a method for preparing architectural ceramics by using fly ash from waste incineration according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the method for preparing architectural ceramics by using fly ash from waste incineration according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for preparing architectural ceramics by using fly ash from waste incineration according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a stirring system provided by the invention.
Fig. 5 is another angle structure diagram of the stirring system provided by the invention.
Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 4A provided by the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the stirring mechanism provided by the present invention.
1-ball milling system, 2-stirring system, 3-pressing system, 4-drying system, 5-glazing system, 6-firing system, 7-inspection system, 21-shell, 22-cover plate, 23-extrusion plate, 24-stirring mechanism, 25-feeding pipe, 26-magnetic spring component, 27-discharging mechanism, 221-through hole, 222-limiting hole, 241-stirring pipe, 242-stirring component, 243-vacuum pump, 244-transmission mechanism, 2421-telescopic rod, 2422-stirring rod, 2423-sealing plate, 2424-mud scraping plate, 2425-stirring hole, 2426-connecting hole, 2441-fixed pulley, 2442-connecting rope, 261-magnetic spring pipe, 262-magnet, 271-discharging pipe, 272-limit plate, 273-clamping assembly, 2731-bracket, 2732-threaded rod, 2733-clamping plate.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and are intended to be illustrative of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships that are based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, are used for convenience in describing the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically limited.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a method for preparing building ceramics by using fly ash from waste incineration, comprising the following steps:
s101, calcining and dry-grinding the obtained fly ash at the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃ to obtain a first raw material.
Specifically, firstly, fly ash generated after garbage incineration is obtained, the obtained fly ash is preprocessed, such as filtration and large-particle impurity removal, and then is calcined in a 1000-1100 ℃ coal powder furnace, the calcination time is generally about 1-5 minutes, the calcination is carried out for directly decomposing dioxin in the fly ash into harmless gas at high temperature, then a Raymond mill is adopted for dry grinding, and filtration is carried out under a sieve mesh of 20-40 meshes, so that the particle size is ensured, and the subsequent stirring and the quality of the prepared ceramic are facilitated.
S102, carrying out wet grinding on the obtained various raw materials except the fly ash, and drying and pulverizing to obtain a second raw material.
Specifically, the obtained clay, shale, talc, feldspar and auxiliary materials are mixed according to a mass ratio, 0.8-1.5% of diluent and 35-45% of water are added for dilution, a wet grinding method is adopted for wet grinding of the diluted mixture for 6-12 hours, the effect and the completion degree of the wet grinding are guaranteed as far as possible, the granularity is enabled to be below 250 meshes, the mixture after the wet grinding is filtered under a sieve mesh of 20-80 meshes, a special powder mill is used for milling powder, and a second raw material is obtained, wherein the equipment is a universal ball mill, and the dispersing agent is sodium metasilicate, water glass and the like.
S103, stirring the first raw material and the second raw material according to the proportion.
Specifically, the mass ratio of the first raw material to the second raw material is 20-40%: 60-80%, and because the first raw material and the second raw material are both in powder form, during the stirring process, the initial stirring speed cannot be too high, which may cause the first raw material and the second raw material to fly away, and may even affect the normal use of a stirring device or a stirring system, so that the stirring speed is increased in an equal ratio, the stirring force is gradually increased, the first raw material and the second raw material are uniformly stirred for 6-12 hours at a controllable stirring speed, the stirring uniformity can be effectively ensured, and under the stirring time, the stirring time can be divided into two sections, the first section is the equal ratio acceleration stirring time, and the second section is the equal ratio deceleration stirring time, and the speed is gradually reduced until the speed is reduced to 0, namely, the stirring is completed.
S104, pressing, drying and glazing the uniformly stirred semi-finished product, then firing at 1150-1200 ℃, and packaging the qualified product.
The stirred finished product is conveyed to a pressing system through a conveying belt, the pressing pressure of the pressing system in the pressing process is 20-28 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time in the pressing process is 20-60 s. The frequency was 10 times/min; and conveying the pressed and formed semi-finished product to a drying device corresponding to the drying system through a conveying belt, and drying for 30-45 minutes at the drying temperature of 200-350 ℃. Glazing after drying, wherein the specific gravity of glaze water is 1.55-1.65, the weight of different products is different, and finally firing is carried out at 1150-1200 ℃ for 30-120 minutes; and the qualified product is packaged, and the fly ash of the household garbage power plant contains heavy metals, and the ceramic prepared by using the fly ash as the raw material can be shielded by the ceramic.
The equipment diagram of the whole process is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Equipment diagram
The invention provides a method for preparing building ceramic by using waste incineration fly ash, which is applied to preparing building ceramic by using waste incineration fly ash, wherein the building ceramic prepared by using waste incineration fly ash comprises a first raw material and a second raw material, and the mass ratio of the first raw material to the second raw material is 20-40%: 60 to 80 percent; the first raw material is 20-40% fly ash.
In the embodiment, the method for preparing the architectural ceramic by using the waste incineration fly ash comprises a first raw material and a second raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the first raw material to the second raw material is 20-40%: 60 to 80 percent; the first raw material is 20-40% of fly ash; the second raw material comprises 25-45 parts of clay, 10-25 parts of shale, 10-30 parts of talc, 5-10 parts of feldspar and 1-5 parts of auxiliary materials; the second raw material comprises 35-45 parts of clay, 15-25 parts of shale, 15-30 parts of talc, 6-10 parts of feldspar and 1-10 parts of auxiliary materials; the clay comprises kaolin, modified diatomite, montmorillonite and the like, the feldspar comprises albite, potassium feldspar and the like, and the auxiliary materials comprise sodium metasilicate, water glass, soda ash, sodium humate and other dispersing agents and water.
Example 1
An ancient building ceramic prepared by utilizing waste incineration fly ash:
the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of kaolin, 10 parts of modified diatomite, 20 parts of shale, 20 parts of fly ash, 5 parts of potassium feldspar, 5 parts of albite, 5 parts of montmorillonite and 5 parts of sodium metasilicate.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
calcining the fly ash, and then carrying out Raymond mill; adding water to dilute other raw materials and then carrying out wet grinding; then drying and pulverizing; and (3) enabling the particle size after ball milling to be 250 meshes, crushing and sieving to enable the particle size of the material to be below 20 meshes, stirring, keeping the pressure at 20MPa in the pressing process for 20s, and then drying at 200 ℃ for 30 minutes at 1150 ℃ for 30 minutes to calcine to obtain the ancient building ceramic prepared by utilizing the waste incineration fly ash.
Example 2
An ancient building ceramic prepared by utilizing waste incineration fly ash:
the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of kaolin, 10 parts of modified diatomite, 15 parts of shale, 25 parts of fly ash, 6 parts of potassium feldspar, 6 parts of albite, 6 parts of montmorillonite and 5 parts of sodium metasilicate.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
calcining the fly ash, and then carrying out Raymond mill; adding water to dilute other raw materials and then carrying out wet grinding; then drying and pulverizing; and (3) enabling the particle size after ball milling to be 250 meshes, crushing and sieving to enable the particle size of the material to be below 20 meshes, stirring, keeping the pressure at 24MPa, keeping the pressure for 40s in the pressing process, and calcining at 250 ℃ for 40 min at 1150 ℃ for 50min to obtain the ancient building ceramic prepared by utilizing the waste incineration fly ash.
Example 3
An ancient building ceramic prepared by utilizing waste incineration fly ash:
the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of kaolin, 25 parts of modified diatomite, 25 parts of shale, 18 parts of fly ash, 8 parts of potassium feldspar, 8 parts of albite, 8 parts of montmorillonite and 4 parts of water glass.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
calcining the fly ash, and then carrying out Raymond mill; adding water to dilute other raw materials and then carrying out wet grinding; then drying and pulverizing; and (3) enabling the particle size after ball milling to be 250 meshes, crushing and sieving to enable the particle size of the material to be below 20 meshes, stirring, keeping the pressure at 26MPa, keeping the pressure for 50s in the pressing process, and calcining at 300 ℃ for 50min at 1200 ℃ for 120min to obtain the ancient building ceramic prepared by utilizing the waste incineration fly ash.
Referring to fig. 3 to 7, the present invention provides a device for preparing architectural ceramics by using fly ash from waste incineration, the device for preparing architectural ceramics by using fly ash from waste incineration comprises a ball milling system 1, a stirring system 2, a pressing system 3, a drying system 4, a glazing system 5, a firing system 6 and an inspection system 7, the ball milling system 1, the stirring system 2, the pressing system 3, the drying system 4, the glazing system 5, the firing system 6 and the inspection system 7 are sequentially connected, the stirring system 2 comprises a housing 21, a cover plate 22, a pressing plate 23, a stirring mechanism 24, a feeding pipe 25, a magnetic spring assembly 26 and a discharging mechanism 27, the cover plate 22 is fixedly connected with the housing 21 and is located in the housing 21, the pressing plate 23 is slidably connected with the housing 21 and is located between the housing 21 and the cover plate 22, the feeding pipe 25 is communicated with the shell 21, is communicated with the ball milling system 1 and is positioned between the extrusion plate 23 and the shell 21, the cover plate 22 is provided with a through hole 221 and a limiting hole 222, the through hole 221 and the limiting hole 222 penetrate through the cover plate 22, the stirring mechanism 24 is rotatably connected with the cover plate 22 and the extrusion plate 23 and is positioned in the through hole 221, the discharging mechanism 27 is communicated with the shell 21 and is positioned on the side far away from the cover plate 22, and the magnetic spring assembly 26 is fixedly connected with the shell 21 and is positioned on the side of the discharging mechanism 27;
the stirring mechanism 24 includes a stirring pipe 241, a stirring assembly 242, a vacuum pump 243 and a transmission mechanism 244, the stirring pipe 241 is a hollow structure and has a plurality of stirring holes 2425 and connection holes 2426, the plurality of stirring holes 2425 and the connection holes 2426 all penetrate through the stirring pipe 241, the stirring pipe 241 is rotatably connected with the cover plate 22 and the squeezing plate 23 and is located in the through hole 221, the stirring assembly 242 is slidably connected with the stirring pipe 241 and is located in the stirring pipe 241, the vacuum pump 243 is communicated with the stirring pipe 241 and is located at one side of the stirring pipe 241, and the transmission mechanism 244 is fixedly connected with the stirring assembly 242 and the cover plate 22 and is located between the stirring assembly 242 and the cover plate 22.
In the present embodiment, firstly, the obtained fly ash is calcined and dry-milled, and the obtained raw materials except fly ash are wet-milled into powder, and then enter the stirring system 2 through the corresponding feeding pipe 25, and then the stirring pipe 241 in the stirring mechanism 24 is started to perform high-speed rotation stirring, and at the same time, the stirring assembly 242 is used to increase the stirring contact area to promote uniform stirring, after the stirring is completed, the discharge mechanism 27 is opened to conduct the magnetic spring assembly 26, and further the vacuum pump 243 is operated to discharge the gas between the extrusion plate 23 and the housing 21, since there is one limiting hole 222 between the extrusion plate 23 and the cover plate 22 to conduct the extrusion plate 23 with the atmospheric pressure, the extrusion plate 23 is driven to slide towards the discharge mechanism 27 side under the action of the atmospheric pressure difference, meanwhile, the stirring assembly 242 is pulled to slide upwards through the transmission mechanism 244, so that the stirring assembly 242 is accommodated, then slides downwards along the stirring pipe 241, and the stirred mixture is transmitted to the pressing system 3 through the discharging mechanism 27 under the extrusion of the extrusion plate 23, wherein the shell 21 is a U-shaped or other series of cavities with radian or cone shape, and the discharging mechanism 27 is arranged at the bottom, so that the mixture can be completely discharged; and then, the products formed by pressing sequentially pass through the pressing system 3, the drying system 4, the glazing system 5, the firing system 6 and the inspection system 7 through a conveyor belt to be dried, glazed, fired and inspected, and the qualified ceramics are packaged and put in storage, so that the stirring and discharging time is shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.
Further, the magnetic spring assembly 26 includes a magnetic spring tube 261 and a magnet 262, the magnetic spring tube 261 is fixedly connected with the discharging mechanism 27 and is located at one side of the discharging mechanism 27, and the magnet 262 is fixedly connected with the housing 21 and is located at one side close to the discharging assembly.
In this embodiment, the magnetic reed pipe 261 is fixed on the discharging mechanism 27, when the discharging mechanism 27 is rotated to completely open the discharging channel, or the discharging channel has a gap, the magnetic reed pipe 261 is connected with the magnet 262, and then the starting circuit of the vacuum pump 243 is turned on, so that the vacuum pump 243 starts to work, the gas pressure between the extrusion plate 23 and the shell 21 is reduced, the pressure difference between two sides of the extrusion plate 23 is increased, the extrusion plate 23 can be extruded and mixed under the atmospheric pressure to be discharged, the labor cost is reduced, the discharging time is shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.
Further, the stirring assembly 242 includes a telescopic rod 2421 and a plurality of stirring rods 2422, the telescopic rod 2421 is slidably connected with the stirring tube 241, fixedly connected with the transmission mechanism 244 and located in the connection hole 2426, and the plurality of stirring rods 2422 is rotatably connected with the telescopic rod 2421, slidably connected with the stirring tube 241 and located in the plurality of stirring holes 2425, respectively.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the telescopic rod 2421 is connected with the transmission mechanism 244, when stirring is performed, the telescopic rod 2421 is in the stirring pipe 241, the plurality of stirring rods 2422 extend out of the stirring pipe 241 through the stirring holes 2425, contact areas with a plurality of raw materials are increased, mixing uniformity is increased, when stirring is completed and the squeezing plate 23 is driven to downwards squeeze a mixture body under the action of atmospheric pressure, the telescopic rod 2421 is pulled to upwards move relative to the stirring pipe 241 through the transmission mechanism 244, and at the same time, the plurality of stirring rods 2422 and the telescopic rod 2421 rotate under the limitation of the stirring holes 2425, as the moving distance of the telescopic rod 2421 increases, the angle between the stirring rod 2422 and the telescopic rod 2421 gradually decreases, and thus the stirring rod 2422 is received in the stirring pipe 241, then, when the pressing plate 23 moves downward, it is pressed along the stirring pipe 241, so that all the mixture in the housing 21 is discharged out of the housing 21.
Further, a plurality of the stirring rods 2422 are provided with sealing plates 2423, and the sealing plates 2423 are located on the side away from the telescopic rods 2421.
In the present embodiment, after the stirring rod 2422 is received in the stirring tube 241, in order to prevent the mixture from entering the stirring tube 241, the sealing plate 2423 is added to seal the stirring hole 2425 at the end of the stirring rod 2422 away from the telescopic rod 2421, and the sealing plate 2423 is just engaged with the stirring tube 241, which does not affect the operation process of the extrusion plate 23, and thus does not affect the discharging efficiency and the production efficiency.
Further, the stirring assembly 242 further comprises a plurality of mud scrapers 2424, and the plurality of mud scrapers 2424 are fixedly connected with the stirring pipe 241 and are respectively located in the stirring holes 2425.
In the present embodiment, in order to prevent the remaining mixture on the agitating bars 2422 from entering the agitating pipe 241, reduce the content of raw materials, and affect the receipt of the agitating bars 2422, the scraper 2424 is added to each agitating hole 2425 to remove the mixture on the agitating bars 2422.
Further, the transmission mechanism 244 includes a fixed pulley 2441 and a connecting rope 2442, the fixed pulley 2441 is slidably connected to the stirring tube 241 and located at one side of the telescopic rod 2421, and the connecting rope 2442 is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod 2421 and the cover plate 22, slidably connected to the fixed pulley 2441, and located in the position-limiting hole 222.
In this embodiment, the fixed pulley 2441 is clamped on the stirring pipe 241, and a clamping groove is formed in the fixed pulley 2441 to clamp the stirring pipe 241, so that when the stirring pipe 241 rotates, the fixed pulley 2441 slides relatively on the stirring pipe 241, that is, the fixed pulley 2441 does not displace relative to the extrusion plate 23, and then the connecting rope 2442 is connected with the telescopic rod 2421 and the extrusion plate 23, and after the connecting rope 2442 is connected with the telescopic rod 2421 and the extrusion plate 23, the position change of the extrusion plate 23 is realized through the buffering and supporting of the fixed pulley 2441, so that the telescopic rod 2421 is pulled to slide in the stirring pipe 241, and meanwhile, the fixed pulley 2441 also reduces the friction of the connecting rope 2442 on the stirring pipe 241, and prolongs the service life of the connecting rope 2442.
Further, discharge mechanism 27 includes discharging pipe 271, limiting plate 272 and clamping component 273, discharging pipe 271 with casing 21 intercommunication is located and keeps away from apron 22 one side, limiting plate 272 with casing 21 fixed connection, and be located discharging pipe 271 one side, clamping component 273 with casing 21 fixed connection, and with limiting plate 272 can dismantle the connection, and be located and keep away from limiting plate 272 one side.
In this embodiment, when the in-process of stirring, utilize limiting plate 272 with press from both sides tight subassembly 273 with discharging pipe 271 presss from both sides tightly, prevent that the raw materials of stirring in-process from discharging pipe 271 influences stirring efficiency and effect, when needs carry out the mixture and discharge, rotate press from both sides tight subassembly 273, make press from both sides tight subassembly 273 and keep away from limiting plate 272 makes discharging pipe 271 open and arrange the material, and easy operation.
Further, the clamping assembly 273 includes a bracket 2731, a threaded rod 2732 and a clamping plate 2733, the bracket 2731 is fixedly connected to the housing 21 and located at a side away from the limiting plate 272, the threaded rod 2732 is rotatably connected to the bracket 2731 and located between the discharge pipe 271 and the bracket 2731, and the clamping plate 2733 is fixedly connected to the threaded pipe and located between the discharge pipe 271 and the threaded pipe.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the magnet 262 is disposed at the joint between the holder 2731 and the housing 21, the reed pipe 261 is fixedly connected to the clamping plate 2733, when the threaded rod 2732 is rotated to move the clamping plate 2733 away from the limit plate 272, the reed pipe 261 is conducted to the magnet 262, the vacuum pump 243 is started, and whether or not the mixing system 2 is discharged is controlled by whether or not the clamping plate 2733 and the limit plate 272 are clamped.
The invention relates to a method for preparing building ceramics by utilizing waste incineration fly ash and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the steps of firstly calcining and dry-grinding the obtained fly ash at the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃ to obtain a first raw material; then, mixing the obtained clay, shale, talc, feldspar and auxiliary materials according to a mass ratio, adding 0.8-1.5% of diluent and 35-45% of distilled water for dilution, wet grinding the diluted mixture by adopting a wet grinding method, and drying to prepare powder to obtain a second raw material; then, the first raw material and the second raw material are mixed according to the proportion of 20-40%: mixing and stirring 60-80% of the raw materials in mass ratio, and uniformly stirring at a stirring speed increased in an equal ratio for a set stirring time; and after the semi-finished product after stirring is pressed, dried and glazed, the semi-finished product is fired at 1150-plus-1200 ℃, and the qualified product is packaged, so that the ancient building ceramic with higher efficiency, more energy conservation, more safety and more environmental protection is produced.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method for preparing building ceramics by utilizing waste incineration fly ash is characterized by comprising the following steps:
calcining and dry-grinding the obtained fly ash at the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃ to obtain a first raw material;
wet grinding the obtained various raw materials except the fly ash, and drying and pulverizing to obtain a second raw material;
stirring the first raw material and the second raw material according to a ratio;
and pressing, drying and glazing the uniformly stirred semi-finished product, firing at 1150-1200 ℃, and packaging the qualified product.
2. The method for preparing building ceramics by using fly ash from waste incineration as claimed in claim 1, wherein the obtained fly ash is calcined and dry-ground at 1000-1100 ℃ to obtain the first raw material, comprising:
the obtained fly ash is pretreated, then is calcined at the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃, and is subjected to dry grinding by a Raymond grinding method to obtain a first raw material.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the wet milling of the obtained raw materials other than fly ash and the drying to produce powder are performed to obtain a second raw material, comprising:
mixing the obtained clay, shale, talc, feldspar and auxiliary materials according to a mass ratio, and adding 0.8-1.5% of diluent and 35-45% of water for dilution;
wet grinding the diluted mixture by a wet grinding method, and drying to prepare powder to obtain a second raw material.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the wet milling is performed on the diluted mixture, and the wet milling is performed to obtain a second raw material, comprising:
and filtering the mixture after wet grinding under a sieve mesh of 20-80 meshes, and pulverizing under a pulverizing device to obtain a second raw material.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixing the first material and the second material according to a mixture ratio comprises:
mixing the first raw material and the second raw material according to the proportion of 20-40%: mixing and stirring 60-80% of the raw materials, and uniformly stirring at an increased stirring speed in an equal ratio for a set stirring time.
6. A method for producing architectural ceramics using fly ash from waste incineration according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is applied to a method for producing architectural ceramics using fly ash from waste incineration,
the building ceramic prepared by utilizing the waste incineration fly ash comprises a first raw material and a second raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the first raw material to the second raw material is 20-40%: 60 to 80 percent;
the first raw material is 20-40% fly ash.
7. The method for preparing architectural ceramics by using fly ash from waste incineration according to claim 6,
the second raw material comprises 25-45 parts of clay, 10-25 parts of shale, 10-30 parts of talc, 5-10 parts of feldspar and 1-5 parts of auxiliary materials.
8. The method for preparing architectural ceramics by using fly ash from waste incineration according to claim 6,
the second raw material comprises 35-45 parts of clay, 15-25 parts of shale, 15-30 parts of talc, 6-10 parts of feldspar and 1-10 parts of auxiliary materials.
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