CN112621579A - Grinding wheel and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Grinding wheel and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112621579A CN112621579A CN202011306757.5A CN202011306757A CN112621579A CN 112621579 A CN112621579 A CN 112621579A CN 202011306757 A CN202011306757 A CN 202011306757A CN 112621579 A CN112621579 A CN 112621579A
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- grinding wheel
- abrasive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
- B24D3/14—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings
- B24D3/18—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings for porous or cellular structure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
- B24D18/0009—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using moulds or presses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
- B24D18/0072—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using adhesives for bonding abrasive particles or grinding elements to a support, e.g. by gluing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
- B24D5/02—Wheels in one piece
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a grinding wheel, which comprises a base body, a bonding layer and an abrasive layer, wherein the abrasive layer is bonded on the base body through the bonding layer, the abrasive layer comprises a ceramic bond, an abrasive and a binder, the content of the ceramic bond is 14-30 wt.%, the content of the binder is 2-4 wt.%, and the component content of the ceramic bond is SiO2:41.0wt.%‑50.0wt.%、H3BO4:19.2wt%‑25.0wt.%、Al2O3:4.1wt.%‑6.5wt%、Li2CO3:6.0wt.%‑8.0wt.%、Na2CO3:2.5wt.%‑4.5wt.%、BaCO3:15.0wt.%‑18.0wt.%、ZnO:3.0wt.%‑7.0wt.%、TiO2: 2.0wt% -3.5 wt%, the grinding wheel of the invention has the advantages of good shape retention, high surface quality of the processed workpiece, high grinding precision, long service life and the like. The invention also relates to the grindingA method for manufacturing a grinding wheel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a grinding wheel, in particular to a grinding wheel and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The machine tool is called a 'working master' in the manufacturing industry and represents a national equipment manufacturing development level. The guide rail is one of main parts of the machine tool, has the functions of supporting and guiding, the machining precision of the guide rail can directly influence the machining precision of the machine tool, and good guide rail precision is guaranteed that the moving part can accurately do ideal linear motion along a given direction under the action of external force.
The guide rail is processed in a complex process system with more input factors, the production process mainly comprises five parts of guide rail section bar cold drawing forming, guide rail quenching, guide rail drilling, guide rail pre-grinding four surfaces and guide rail accurate grinding roller paths, the geometric precision of guide rail roller path processing is one of main embodying of guide rail precision, grinding processing is a precision processing process method, the precision of linear motion of parts is greatly ensured, and therefore the geometric precision and the guiding precision of the guide rail are mainly ensured by grinding processing.
The traditional guide rail roller path adopts a common grinding wheel to carry out grinding processing, the common grinding wheel has the defects of poor shape retention, low processing efficiency, durability, short service life and the like in the grinding processing process, frequent finishing and replacement are needed, the size precision of a processed workpiece is difficult to ensure, and the production efficiency is greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a grinding wheel which has good shape retention, high surface quality of a processed workpiece, high grinding precision and long service life.
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention also aims to provide a method for manufacturing the grinding wheel, which has the advantages of good shape retention, high surface quality of a processed workpiece, high grinding precision and long service life.
One of the purposes of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a grinding wheel comprises a base body, a bonding layer and an abrasive layer, wherein the abrasive layer is bonded on the base body through the bonding layer, the abrasive layer comprises a ceramic bond, an abrasive and a binder, the content of the ceramic bond is 14-30 wt.%, the content of the binder is 2-4 wt.%, and the component content of the ceramic bond is SiO2:41.0wt.%-50.0wt.%、H3BO4:19.2wt%-25.0wt.%、Al2O3:4.1wt.%-6.5wt%、Li2CO3:6.0wt.%-8.0wt.%、Na2CO3:2.5wt.%-4.5wt.%、BaCO3:15.0wt.%-18.0wt.%、ZnO:3.0wt.%-7.0wt.%、TiO2：2.0wt%-3.5wt.%。
Further, the matrix material includes aluminum matrix, 45 steel, and cemented carbide.
Further, the adhesive layer is AB glue.
Further, the mass ratio of the glue A to the glue B in the glue AB is 1: 1.
Further, the abrasive is a CBN (cubic boron nitride) abrasive.
Further, the abrasive particle size distribution is 100-320 meshes, and the designed concentration of the grinding wheel is 130-220%.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for manufacturing a grinding wheel, which is used for manufacturing the grinding wheel, comprises the following steps:
preparing ceramic bond raw materials: SiO raw material2:41.0wt.%-50.0wt.%、H3BO4:19.2wt%-25.0wt.%、Al2O3:4.1wt.%-6.5wt%、Li2CO3:6.0wt.%-8.0wt.%、Na2CO3:2.5wt.%-4.5wt.%、BaCO3:15.0wt.%-18.0wt.%、ZnO:3.0wt.%-7.0wt.%、TiO2: 2.0wt% -3.5wt.% of the raw materials are uniformly mixed, smelted at high temperature, quenched and then ground and dried to obtain corresponding ceramic bond raw materials;
weighing and mixing the raw materials: weighing a bonding agent, an abrasive and a bonding agent, and uniformly mixing the bonding agent, the abrasive and the bonding agent, wherein the content of the ceramic bonding agent is 14-30 wt.%, and the content of the bonding agent is 2-4 wt.%;
wetting: adding 0.5-1.5 wt.% of water into the mixed raw materials for wetting;
pressing: pressing in a fixed die forming and bidirectional pressurizing mode;
drying and sintering: drying the pressed abrasive material layer, and then sintering;
bonding: adhering the abrasive layer on the substrate through AB glue;
size processing: the abrasive layer is processed to a desired size.
Further, in the pressing step, the pressure is 5 MPa-10 MPa, and the dwell time is 10 s.
Further, after the wetting step, the wetted material is screened through a screen.
Further, before the bonding step, the bonding surface of the substrate and the abrasive layer is cleaned by acetone or alcohol, and then the abrasive layer is bonded on the substrate.
Compared with the prior art, the grinding wheel has the advantages of good shape retention, high surface quality of a processed workpiece, high grinding precision, long service life and the like, so that the ceramic CBN grinding wheel can greatly improve the processing precision and the processing efficiency of the guide rail roller path; and because of the non-sidedness characteristic of the CBN grinding material, the CBN grinding material is widely applied to grinding processing of materials such as cast iron, high-speed steel, tool steel and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the grinding wheel of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present, secured by intervening elements. When a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly disposed on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1, a grinding wheel according to the present invention includes a base, an adhesive layer, and a grinding layer.
The substrate is made of any one of aluminum substrate, 45 steel and hard alloy. The inner diameter H of the substrate is 6mm-15mm, and the height T is 10mm-35 mm.
The adhesive layer uses AB glue, and the AB glue is formed by mixing A glue and B glue according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
The abrasive layer includes a ceramic bond, an abrasive, and a binder. The content of ceramic binder is 14-30 wt.%, and the content of binder is 2-4 wt.%. Preferably, the binder content is 3 wt.%. The binder ensures that the abrasive layer can be press-formed. The component content of the ceramic bond is SiO2:41.0wt.%-50.0wt.%、H3BO4:19.2wt%-25.0wt.%、Al2O3:4.1wt.%-6.5wt%、Li2CO3:6.0wt.%-8.0wt.%、Na2CO3:2.5wt.%-4.5wt.%、BaCO3:15.0wt.%-18.0wt.%、ZnO:3.0wt.%-7.0wt.%、TiO2: 2.0 wt.% to 3.5 wt.%. The abrasive is CBN (cubic boron nitride)) And (3) an abrasive. The abrasive particle size distribution is 100-320 meshes, and the design concentration of the grinding wheel is 130-220%. The binder is any one of dextrin powder, dextrin liquid, resin liquid or polyvinyl alcohol.
The specification size of the abrasive layer is: the outer diameter D is 15mm-80mm, the line width X is 5mm-35mm, and the height U is 3mm-15 mm; and (4) carrying out R-angle trimming on the abrasive layer according to the requirement of processing the workpiece, wherein the R value is 0.3 mm-10 mm.
The invention also relates to a manufacturing method of the grinding wheel, which comprises the following steps:
preparing ceramic bond raw materials: SiO raw material2:41.0wt.%-50.0wt.%、H3BO4:19.2wt%-25.0wt.%、Al2O3:4.1wt.%-6.5wt%、Li2CO3:6.0wt.%-8.0wt.%、Na2CO3:2.5wt.%-4.5wt.%、BaCO3:15.0wt.%-18.0wt.%、ZnO:3.0wt.%-7.0wt.%、TiO2: 2.0wt% -3.5wt.% of the raw materials are uniformly mixed, smelted at high temperature, quenched and then ground and dried to obtain corresponding ceramic bond raw materials;
weighing and mixing the raw materials: weighing a bonding agent, an abrasive and a bonding agent, and uniformly mixing the bonding agent, the abrasive and the bonding agent, wherein the content of the ceramic bonding agent is 14-30 wt.%, and the content of the bonding agent is 2-4 wt.%;
wetting: adding 0.5-1.5 wt.% of water into the mixed raw materials for wetting;
pressing: pressing in a fixed die forming and bidirectional pressurizing mode;
drying and sintering: drying the pressed abrasive material layer, and then sintering;
bonding: adhering the abrasive layer on the substrate through AB glue;
size processing: the abrasive layer is processed to a desired size.
In the step of preparing the ceramic bond raw materials, the raw materials are mixed for 1 hour by adopting an automatic mixer; adopting a corundum crucible for high-temperature smelting, wherein the smelting temperature is 1440 ℃; quenching with water; the grinding adopts ball milling.
In the wetting step, water is preferably 1 wt.%. The wetted material is also passed through a 60 mesh screen prior to the pressing step.
In the pressing step, the pressure is 5 MPa-10 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 10 s. Therefore, the stress of the abrasive layer is more uniform, and the phenomenon of cracking in the drying and sintering processes is avoided.
And in the step of drying and sintering, the pressed grinding wheel abrasive material layer is placed in a drying box for drying for 2-3 h, and then is placed in a muffle furnace for sintering.
Before the bonding step, the bonding surface of the base body and the abrasive layer is cleaned by acetone or alcohol, and then the abrasive layer is bonded on the base body. The AB glue must be fully cured before the sizing step is performed.
The grinding wheel manufactured by the method has the advantages of good shape retention, high surface quality of a processed workpiece, high grinding precision, long service life and the like, so that the processing precision and the processing efficiency of the guide rail roller path can be greatly improved; and because of the non-sidedness characteristic of the CBN grinding material, the CBN grinding material is widely applied to grinding processing of materials such as cast iron, high-speed steel, tool steel and the like.
When the grinding wheel is used for grinding test, the material of the ground workpiece is 20CrMo after quenching and tempering, and the hardness of the surface of the workpiece reaches HRC 58-62. The linear speed of the grinding wheel is 35m/s-50m/s during grinding, the highest grinding feeding speed reaches 8000mm/min, which is 2-4 times of that of a common grinding wheel, the straightness of a processed workpiece is within 0.005mm, the precision is better than that of the common grinding wheel under the same condition, and the degree of finish Ra is less than or equal to 0.5 mu m.
The above examples only show some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all equivalent modifications and changes can be made to the above embodiments according to the essential technology of the invention, which falls into the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a grinding wheel, includes base member, adhesive linkage and abrasive material layer, the abrasive material layer passes through the adhesive linkage bonds on the base member, its characterized in that:the abrasive layer comprises ceramic bond, abrasive and binder, the content of the ceramic bond is 14-30 wt.%, the content of the binder is 2-4 wt.%, and the content of the ceramic bond is SiO2:41.0wt.%-50.0wt.%、H3BO4:19.2wt%-25.0wt.%、Al2O3:4.1wt.%-6.5wt%、Li2CO3:6.0wt.%-8.0wt.%、Na2CO3:2.5wt.%-4.5wt.%、BaCO3:15.0wt.%-18.0wt.%、ZnO:3.0wt.%-7.0wt.%、TiO2：2.0wt%-3.5wt.%。
2. A grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the matrix material includes aluminum matrix, 45 steel and cemented carbide.
3. A grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adhesive layer is AB glue.
4. A grinding wheel according to claim 3, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the glue A to the glue B in the glue AB is 1: 1.
5. A grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the abrasive is a CBN (cubic boron nitride) abrasive.
6. A grinding wheel according to claim 5, characterized in that: the abrasive particle size distribution is 100-320 meshes, and the design concentration of the grinding wheel is 130-220%.
7. A method of manufacturing a grinding wheel for manufacturing a grinding wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
preparing ceramic bond raw materials: SiO raw material2:41.0wt.%-50.0wt.%、H3BO4:19.2wt%-25.0wt.%、Al2O3:4.1wt.%-6.5wt%、Li2CO3:6.0wt.%-8.0wt.%、Na2CO3:2.5wt.%-4.5wt.%、BaCO3:15.0wt.%-18.0wt.%、ZnO:3.0wt.%-7.0wt.%、TiO2: 2.0wt% -3.5wt.% of the raw materials are uniformly mixed, smelted at high temperature, quenched and then ground and dried to obtain corresponding ceramic bond raw materials;
weighing and mixing the raw materials: weighing a bonding agent, an abrasive and a bonding agent, and uniformly mixing the bonding agent, the abrasive and the bonding agent, wherein the content of the ceramic bonding agent is 14-30 wt.%, and the content of the bonding agent is 2-4 wt.%;
wetting: adding 0.5-1.5 wt.% of water into the mixed raw materials for wetting;
pressing: pressing in a fixed die forming and bidirectional pressurizing mode;
drying and sintering: drying the pressed abrasive material layer, and then sintering;
bonding: adhering the abrasive layer on the substrate through AB glue;
size processing: the abrasive layer is processed to a desired size.
8. A method of manufacturing a grinding wheel according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the pressing step, the pressure is 5 MPa-10 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 10 s.
9. A method of manufacturing a grinding wheel according to claim 7, characterized in that: after the wetting step, the wetted material is further screened through a screen.
10. A method of manufacturing a grinding wheel according to claim 7, characterized in that: before the bonding step, the bonding surface of the base body and the abrasive layer is cleaned by acetone or alcohol, and then the abrasive layer is bonded on the base body.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011306757.5A CN112621579B (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | Grinding wheel and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN202011306757.5A CN112621579B (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | Grinding wheel and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN112621579A true CN112621579A (en) | 2021-04-09 |
| CN112621579B CN112621579B (en) | 2022-12-16 |
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| US5785784A (en) * | 1994-01-13 | 1998-07-28 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Abrasive articles method of making same and abrading apparatus |
| CN102837266A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-12-26 | 天津大学 | Ceramic bond CBN (Cubic Boron Nitride) abrasive wheel for double end surface grinding |
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