CN112617059A - Trachinotus ovatus nutrition-enhanced feed formula and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Trachinotus ovatus nutrition-enhanced feed formula and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 241000719209 Trachinotus ovatus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 108010062877 Bacteriocins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000000529 probiotic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 102000004506 Blood Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 108010017384 Blood Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000709785 Hermetia illucens Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- -1 compound vitamin Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000046146 Pueraria lobata Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010575 Pueraria lobata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960002181 saccharomyces boulardii Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009777 vacuum freeze-drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000008574 Capsicum frutescens Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002568 Capsicum frutescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006002 Pepper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000722363 Piper Species 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 abstract description 2
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 abstract description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 241000276694 Carangidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000248482 Ichthyophthirius multifiliis Species 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000251464 Coelacanthiformes Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000248484 Ichthyophthirius Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000276618 Perciformes Species 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019728 animal nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007413 intestinal health Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
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- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
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- Mycology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nutrition-enhanced feed for Trachinotus ovatus and a preparation method thereof. The invention provides nutrition-enriched feed for trachinotus ovatus, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 25-35 parts of fish meal, 10-20 parts of soybean meal, 10-20 parts of plasma protein, 10-15 parts of Chinese herbal medicines, 10-15 parts of efficient probiotics, 0.25-1 part of bacteriocin, 2-3 parts of compound vitamin and 0.1-0.4 part of compound mineral. The nutrient enrichment feed for the trachinotus ovatus is rich in nutrient substances such as amino acids, small peptides, highly unsaturated fatty acids and the like required by the growth of the trachinotus ovatus, and can promote the rapid growth of the trachinotus ovatus. Meanwhile, the selected raw material hermetia illucens powder is rich in lauric acid and high-quality protein, has the antibacterial and antivirus effects, and improves the immunity of animals. The selected probiotic powder and Chinese herbal medicine have the functions of improving immunity, and the selected bacteriocin has the functions of resisting bacteria, killing parasites and bacteria and improving immunity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of animal nutrition, and particularly relates to a nutrient enrichment feed formula for trachinotus ovatus and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Trachinotus ovatus (Trachinotus ovatus) is commonly called golden pompano, belongs to Osteichthyes, Perciformes, carangidae and Podostachys, is a warm-water medium-upper layer euryhalinus fish and is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas of the Indian ocean, the Pacific ocean and the Atlantic ocean coasts. The trachinotus ovatus is not punctured among muscles, has tender meat quality and delicious taste, is a rare edible marine fish which is deeply popular with consumers, has high growth speed, can reach the market specification in the current year of culture, and is one of the main varieties of coastal ponds and cage culture in south China at present.
At present, research on the culture technology of trachinotus ovatus mainly focuses on the aspects of fry culture, cage culture and the like, but the research on the nutritional requirement and disease resistance in culture is less, and no functional nutritional feed meeting the nutritional requirement for growth and resisting diseases exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nutrition-enhanced feed for trachinotus ovatus, which can meet the normal growth and nutritional requirements of trachinotus ovatus, prevent and inhibit the growth of parasites, improve the intestinal health of trachinotus ovatus, and improve the survival rate and growth speed of trachinotus ovatus.
The invention provides nutrition-enriched feed for trachinotus ovatus, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 25-35 parts of fish meal, 10-20 parts of soybean meal, 10-20 parts of plasma protein, 10-15 parts of Chinese herbal medicines, 10-15 parts of efficient probiotics, 0.25-1 part of bacteriocin, 2-3 parts of compound vitamin and 0.1-0.4 part of compound mineral.
The nutrition-enhanced feed for trachinotus ovatus comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of soybean meal, 20 parts of plasma protein, 15 parts of Chinese herbal medicines, 12 parts of high-efficiency probiotic powder, 0.7 part of bacteriocin, 2 parts of compound vitamin and 0.3 part of compound mineral substance.
The parts by mass are dry weight.
The Chinese herbal medicine is prepared from the following Chinese medicinal herbs in parts by mass: 1-5 parts of hot pepper, 5-10 parts of kudzu root and 10-15 parts of hermetia illucens powder.
The Chinese herbal medicine specifically comprises the following Chinese herbal medicines in parts by mass: 3 parts of hot pepper, 8 parts of kudzu root and 13 parts of hermetia illucens powder.
The efficient probiotic powder is prepared from the following probiotics in parts by mass: 1-3 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1-3 parts of bacillus subtilis and 1-2 parts of saccharomyces boulardii.
The efficient probiotic powder is prepared from the following probiotics in parts by mass: 2 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1 part of bacillus subtilis and 2 parts of saccharomyces boulardii.
The bacteriocin is bacteriocin Colicin V.
Each kg of the compound vitamin comprises 600 ten thousand IU of VA 100-.
Each kg of the compound mineral comprises 10-170mg of selenium, 50-650mg of iodine, 50-650mg of cobalt, 0.1-7g of copper, 1-8g of manganese, 5-45g of zinc, 20-85g of iron and 30-150g of magnesium.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the feed, which comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the fish meal, the bean pulp and the plasma protein into a mixer according to the proportion, and fully stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed material;
s2, introducing the fully mixed raw material of S1 into steam with the temperature of 92-102 ℃ in a regulator for tempering for 150-300 seconds, and enabling the raw material to enter a bulking machine for bulking and extruding at the temperature of 110-150 ℃ to obtain bulked particles;
s3, respectively crushing and mixing the pepper, the kudzuvine root and the black soldier fly powder according to the proportion, then crushing twice and sieving;
s4, weighing and mixing the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus subtilis and the saccharomyces boulardii according to the proportion;
s5 mixing the materials S1 and S2, bacteriocin and proper water to obtain a liquid preparation;
s6 spraying the liquid preparation S5 on the puffed particles, and vacuum freeze drying until the water content is less than 10% to obtain the final product.
Wherein, the vacuum freeze-drying conditions are as follows: the temperature is-45 to-30 ℃, the vacuum degree is 5 to 10Pa, and the vacuum time is 10 to 20 hours.
The nutrient enrichment feed for the trachinotus ovatus is rich in nutrient substances such as amino acids, small peptides, highly unsaturated fatty acids and the like required by the growth of the trachinotus ovatus, and can promote the rapid growth of the trachinotus ovatus. Meanwhile, the selected raw material hermetia illucens powder is rich in lauric acid and high-quality protein, has the antibacterial and antivirus effects, and improves the immunity of animals. The selected probiotic powder and Chinese herbal medicine have the functions of improving immunity, and the selected bacteriocin has the functions of resisting bacteria, killing parasites and bacteria and improving immunity.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to facilitate a better understanding of the invention, but do not limit the invention. The experimental procedures in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the nutrition-enhanced feed for trachinotus ovatus comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of fish meal, 10 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of plasma protein, 10 parts of Chinese herbal medicines, 10 parts of high-efficiency probiotics, 0.25 part of bacteriocin, 2 parts of compound vitamin and 0.1 part of compound mineral substance.
The Chinese herbal medicine specifically comprises the following Chinese herbal medicines in parts by mass: 3 parts of hot pepper, 8 parts of kudzu root and 13 parts of hermetia illucens powder.
The efficient probiotic powder is prepared from the following probiotics in parts by mass: 2 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1 part of bacillus subtilis and 2 parts of saccharomyces boulardii.
Bacteriocins in this example were purchased from Chongqing Anjieli Biotechnology, Inc., under the trade name: C7. the high-efficiency probiotic powder is purchased from Tianjin Yunlixing Biotechnology Limited company, trade name: the beneficial effect is good; chinese herbal medicines are purchased from south Hunan Chinese medicinal material Co., Ltd, Wugang City; the composite minerals were purchased from imperial (china) ltd under the trade name: the mineral composition is specially used for trachinotus ovatus. Multivitamins are purchased from imperial (china) ltd under the trade name: special compound vitamin for trachinotus ovatus.
The preparation method of the nutrient enrichment feed for trachinotus ovatus comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the fish meal, the bean pulp and the plasma protein into a mixer according to the proportion, and fully stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed material;
s2, introducing the fully mixed raw material of S1 into steam with the temperature of 92-102 ℃ in a regulator for tempering for 150-300 seconds, and enabling the raw material to enter a bulking machine for bulking and extruding at the temperature of 110-150 ℃ to obtain bulked particles;
s3, respectively crushing and mixing the pepper, the kudzuvine root and the black soldier fly powder according to the proportion, then crushing twice and sieving;
s4, weighing and mixing the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus subtilis and the saccharomyces boulardii according to the proportion;
s5 mixing the materials S1 and S3, bacteriocin and proper water to obtain a liquid preparation;
s6 spraying the liquid preparation S5 on the puffed particles, and vacuum freeze drying until the water content is less than 10% to obtain the final product.
Wherein, the vacuum freeze-drying conditions are as follows: the temperature is-45 to-30 ℃, the vacuum degree is 5 to 10Pa, and the vacuum time is 15 h.
Example 2
The difference between the embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the nutrition-enriched feed for trachinotus ovatus comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of soybean meal, 20 parts of plasma protein, 15 parts of Chinese herbal medicines, 12 parts of high-efficiency probiotic powder, 0.7 part of bacteriocin, 2 parts of compound vitamin and 0.3 part of compound mineral substance.
Example 3
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the fish meal is 35 parts, the soybean meal is 20 parts, the plasma protein is 20 parts, the Chinese herbal medicines are 15 parts, the high-efficiency probiotics is 15 parts, the bacteriocin is 1 part, the compound vitamin is 3 parts, and the compound mineral substance is 0.4 part by weight.
Example 4
The nutrient enrichment feed for the trachinotus ovatus prepared in the embodiment 1-3 and the commercial common feed for the trachinotus ovatus are used for seawater cage culture tests of the trachinotus ovatus.
Test protocol: selecting 12 net cages with the specification of 2 meters in radius and 2 meters in height, dividing into 4 treatment steps, setting 3 times of repeated treatment steps to obtain the net cages, randomly putting 500 tails of trachinotus ovatus fries into each net cage, respectively feeding trachinotus ovatus feed prepared in examples 1-3 in the whole process, sequentially feeding trachinotus ovatus feed in the culture stages to the combined group in examples 1-3 and feeding commercial common trachinotus ovatus feed to the control group in the culture stage, wherein the culture test time is 120 days.
Table 1 comparison table of growth index and effect of trachinotus ovatus:
| group of | Initial average weight (g/tail) | Average weight at end (g/tail) | Average survival Rate (%) |
| Example 1 | 70.15 | 561.3 | 98.9 |
| Example 2 | 70.10 | 570.2 | 99.3 |
| Example 3 | 70.12 | 566.5 | 99.1 |
| Control group | 70.11 | 490.8 | 86.7 |
Wherein the percent survival in the table is final/initial x 100%
TABLE 2 comparison table of parasite index effect of Trachinotus ovatus
| Detection site | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Control group |
| Body surface ichthyophthirius multifiliis | + | + | + | +++ |
| Cheek ichthyophthirius multifiliis | + | + | + | ++ |
In the table: + is small, and + is large (small is 30 or less on average for small melon worms in one field of the objective lens at the sampling position, large is 30-80 on average for small melon worms in one field of the objective lens at the sampling position, and large is 80 or more on average for small melon worms in one field of the objective lens at the sampling position (10 times for the objective lens).
As can be seen from table 1, the terminal body weight of trachinotus ovatus in examples 1 to 3 was significantly increased and the survival rate was significantly higher than that of the control group. As can be seen from table 2, in examples 1 to 3, the body surface and gill site of trachinotus ovatus were significantly reduced in comparison with the control group, and in examples 1 to 3, both the body surface and the gill site were small in the number of ichthyophthirius multifidus. The data show that the feed disclosed by the invention is obviously helpful for growth, weight increment, survival rate and parasite removal of trachinotus ovatus, and can be used for improving the culture yield and the culture benefit.
Claims (10)
1. A nutrition-enriched feed for trachinotus ovatus is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 25-35 parts of fish meal, 10-20 parts of soybean meal, 10-20 parts of plasma protein, 10-15 parts of Chinese herbal medicines, 10-15 parts of efficient probiotics, 0.25-1 part of bacteriocin, 2-3 parts of compound vitamin and 0.1-0.4 part of compound mineral.
2. The nutrient enrichment feed for trachinotus ovatus according to claim 1, wherein the feed comprises: the nutrition-enhanced feed is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of soybean meal, 20 parts of plasma protein, 15 parts of Chinese herbal medicines, 12 parts of high-efficiency probiotic powder, 0.7 part of bacteriocin, 2 parts of compound vitamin and 0.3 part of compound mineral substance.
3. The nutrient enrichment feed for trachinotus ovatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nutrient enrichment feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the Chinese herbal medicine is prepared from the following Chinese medicinal herbs in parts by mass: 1-5 parts of hot pepper, 5-10 parts of kudzu root and 10-15 parts of hermetia illucens powder.
4. The nutrient enrichment feed for trachinotus ovatus according to claim 3, wherein the feed comprises: the Chinese herbal medicine specifically comprises the following Chinese herbal medicines in parts by mass: 3 parts of hot pepper, 8 parts of kudzu root and 13 parts of hermetia illucens powder.
5. The nutrient enrichment feed for trachinotus ovatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nutrient enrichment feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the efficient probiotic powder is prepared from the following probiotic powder in parts by mass: 1-3 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1-3 parts of bacillus subtilis and 1-2 parts of saccharomyces boulardii.
6. The nutrient enrichment feed for trachinotus ovatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the feed comprises: the efficient probiotic powder is prepared from the following probiotic powder in parts by mass: 2 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1 part of bacillus subtilis and 2 parts of saccharomyces boulardii.
7. The nutrient enrichment feed for trachinotus ovatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nutrient enrichment feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the bacteriocin is bacteriocin Colicin V.
8. A method for preparing the nutrient enrichment feed for trachinotus ovatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the fish meal, the bean pulp and the plasma protein into a mixer according to the proportion, and fully stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed material;
s2, introducing the fully mixed raw material of S1 into steam with the temperature of 92-102 ℃ in a regulator for tempering for 150-300 seconds, and enabling the raw material to enter a bulking machine for bulking and extruding at the temperature of 110-150 ℃ to obtain bulked particles;
s3, respectively crushing and mixing the pepper, the kudzuvine root and the black soldier fly powder according to the proportion, then crushing twice and sieving;
s4, weighing and mixing the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus subtilis and the saccharomyces boulardii according to the proportion;
s5 mixing the materials S1 and S2, bacteriocin and proper water to obtain a liquid preparation;
s6 spraying the liquid preparation S5 on the puffed particles, and vacuum freeze drying until the water content is less than 10% to obtain the final product.
9. The nutrient enrichment feed for trachinotus ovatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nutrient enrichment feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the vacuum freeze drying condition is that the temperature is-45 to-30 ℃, the vacuum degree is 5 to 10Pa, and the vacuum time is 10 to 20 hours.
10. The nutrient enrichment feed for trachinotus ovatus according to claim 1, 2 or 10, wherein the nutrient enrichment feed for trachinotus ovatus according to any one of claims 1 to 2 is used for culturing trachinotus ovatus.
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