CN112616959A

CN112616959A - Processing method of white tea in high-altitude regions

Info

Publication number: CN112616959A
Application number: CN202110151103.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王贞红; 叶彦辉; 韩艳英; 大布穷; 张子威
Original assignee: Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College
Current assignee: Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College
Priority date: 2021-02-04
Filing date: 2021-02-04
Publication date: 2021-04-09

Abstract

The invention provides a processing method of white tea in high-altitude areas, which comprises the following steps: picking fresh leaves at 5-9 months per year, withering until water content of the fresh leaves is over 90%, drying in a fragrance extractor at 92 deg.C, cooling, bagging and storing; the withering is natural withering, and is carried out by placing fresh leaves on a ventilated cool green frame and placing the cool green frame in a shed with a shading rate of 30%. The processing method of the white tea in the high-altitude area provided by the invention realizes the production of the white tea in the high-altitude area.

Description

Processing method of white tea in high-altitude regions

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of tea making, in particular to a method for processing white tea in a high-altitude area.

Background

Tibet tea processing tea mainly focuses on black tea, green tea and dark tea, but there is no processing of white tea. Since the climatic conditions of Tibet are different from those of inland, the production of high-quality tea depending on natural conditions is difficult to realize.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for processing white tea in high-altitude regions, and the method is used for realizing the production of the white tea in the high-altitude regions.

In order to solve the technical problems, the processing method of the white tea in the high-altitude area provided by the invention is realized as follows:

a processing method of white tea in high-altitude regions comprises the following steps: picking fresh leaves at 5-9 months per year, withering until water content of the fresh leaves is over 90%, drying in a fragrance extractor at 92 deg.C, cooling, bagging and storing; the withering is natural withering, and is carried out by placing fresh leaves on a ventilated cool green frame and placing the cool green frame in a shed with a shading rate of 30%.

Optionally, the natural withering time is 30-40 hours, two sieves are combined with one sieve when the withering time reaches seven-eight days to be dry, and the withering is continued.

Optionally, when the fresh leaves contain high water content, naturally withering to six dry leaves, and screening two sieves in parallel.

Optionally, the natural withering temperature is 18-25 ℃, and the relative humidity is 67-80%.

Optionally, the natural withering temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the relative humidity is 60-75%.

Optionally, the withering is compound withering, and the compound withering is carried out again indoors after the fresh leaves are dried outdoors to lose the inherent luster and are slightly soft.

Optionally, the temperature of the compound withering outdoor is 22-27 ℃, and the relative humidity is 55-65%.

Optionally, the withering is heating withering, the heating withering is performed in a ventilated withering room, the heating withering is performed by using a pipeline, the temperature is 20-32 ℃, and the relative humidity is 65-75%.

Optionally, when the outdoor relative humidity is less than 50%, the withering is humidification withering, the temperature is 20-32 ℃, and the relative humidity is 65-75%.

Optionally, the withering period is 30-40 hours, and four sieves are combined into one sieve when the withering period is seven-eight times dry.

According to the processing method of the white tea in the high-altitude area, provided by the invention, the bamboo curtain for placing the fresh leaves is placed on a ventilated green cooling frame by utilizing the special climate conditions of Tibet, and the green cooling frame is placed in a shed with the shading rate of 30% for natural withering, so that the activity of enzyme can be slowed down by the tea leaves, the biochemical reaction in the tea leaves can be converted within enough time, and the white tea meeting the national standard requirements can be obtained.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following embodiments further describe the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The high altitude in the invention refers to the altitude of more than 2000 meters, the processing method of the white tea in the high altitude area provided by the invention picks fresh leaves respectively in the late ten days of 4 months to 6 months and 7 months to 9 months, withers are started after picking, the fresh leaves lose more than 90% of moisture after withering, and when the fresh leaves generally have 13% of moisture, the fresh leaves are dried in a fragrance extractor at the temperature of 92 ℃, and the fresh leaves are bagged after being cooled completely.

The processing method of the white tea in the high altitude area divides withering into natural withering, compound withering, heating withering and humidifying withering according to the weather condition, fresh leaf screening and different tea grades. The method comprises the following specific steps:

the first mode of withering- -natural withering. The natural withering is generally carried out by spreading and cooling with a bamboo curtain screen or on a floor. Fresh leaves are withered, the spreading and cooling needs are uniform and do not overlap, and the amount of the spread leaves per square meter is controlled to be about 300 g. Placing the bamboo curtain on a ventilated green-cooling frame, placing the green-cooling frame in a shed with a shading rate of 30%, and naturally withering without turning. Withering for 30-40 hours until the withering degree reaches eight-nine dry ingredients, wherein the tea leaves lose weight or lose 80% -90% of water when the eight-nine dry ingredients are dried, and carrying out sieving and continuously withering. At this time, the fresh leaves with high water content can be processed twice, two sieves are combined with one sieve when six dry, and the tea leaves lose 60 percent of weight or lose 60 percent of water when six dry. Withering until the water content of leaf tissue is about 13%. High-grade white peony is usually withered naturally, and certain temperature and humidity are controlled according to different picking times of fresh leaves, which is shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

Time for picking tea	Temperature of	Relative humidity
			4 last ten days of month to 6 months	18～25℃	67～80%
7-9 months	25～30℃	60～75%

The second type of withering is: compound withering. The compound withering is carried out in the morning, evening or under the condition of weak sunlight radiation, the sunshine time is generally about 10-15 minutes, and when the screen curtain is touched by hand and the edges of the screen curtain have slight heat sensation, the screen curtain can be moved into a room for carrying out withering again. The number of days is determined by the degree of withering, and is generally repeated two to four times. The treatment is performed for about 0.5 to 1 hour. The sunshine duration is determined according to the outdoor temperature, 5-6% of water is lost in 5 minutes in sunshine, 7-11% of water is lost in 10 minutes in sunshine, and the fresh leaves can be turned indoors after being dried to lose the inherent luster and to be slightly soft. The method is suitable for the first tea plucking in high altitude areas, the yield of fresh leaves is not high before and after grain rain, and pekoe is mostly processed by the method and the sun-drying time is properly prolonged or a full-sun method is adopted. Compound withering sunshine control range: the outdoor temperature is about 25 ℃, the relative humidity is 55-65%, and the sunshine duration is controlled to be 10-15 minutes. However, in summer, the temperature is high, the ultraviolet ray is strong, and the compound withering is not suitable.

The third type of withering is: heating and withering. The heating withering is carried out in a ventilated withering room, the pipeline is used for heating, the temperature is controlled to be about 28 ℃, the highest temperature is not more than 32 ℃, the lowest temperature is not less than 20 ℃, and the relative humidity is kept at 65-70%. Generally heating and withering for 30-40 hours, spreading withered leaves with the thickness of 10-15 cm, performing four-in-one screening when the seven-season and eight-season withers are dry after withering, performing two-time screening on the withered leaves with high water content, namely combining the seven-season withers once, combining the eight-season withers once again, and performing the withering until the withering is proper and screening can be performed. The heating withering method is mainly used for treating spring rainy days and middle and low-grade white tea.

The fourth withering is: humidifying and withering. And (3) humidifying and withering, namely heating the withered leaves in a ventilated withering room by using a humidifier when the outdoor relative humidity is below 50%, wherein the relative humidity is kept at 65-70%, the temperature is controlled to be about 28 ℃, the maximum temperature is not higher than 32 ℃, and the minimum temperature is not lower than 20 ℃. Generally, the total time of humidification and withering lasts 24-36 hours, withered leaves are spread to be 10-15 cm in thickness, after 30-40 hours of withering, the leaves are combined and screened when the leaves are dried in seven or eight parts, the withered leaves with high water content can be combined and screened twice, namely, the leaves are combined and screened once in seven parts, the leaves are combined and screened once again in eight parts, and the withered leaves can be screened until the leaves are properly dried. The heating withering method is mainly used for treating spring rainy days and middle and low-grade white tea.

Drying the withered semi-finished tea leaves by a fragrance extracting machine, cooling thoroughly, bagging and storing, and thus realizing the processing of the white tea in the high altitude areas.

The invention relates to a processing method of white tea in a high altitude area, which adopts different withering modes according to the climatic characteristics of the high altitude area, the altitude of more than 2000 m, the specific air temperature, the specific air humidity and the like to ensure that the tea can be processed in time with quality and quantity preservation.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A processing method of white tea in high-altitude regions is characterized by comprising the following steps: picking fresh leaves at 5-9 months per year, withering until water content of the fresh leaves is over 90%, drying in a fragrance extractor at 92 deg.C, cooling, bagging and storing; the withering is natural withering, and is carried out by placing fresh leaves on a ventilated cool green frame and placing the cool green frame in a shed with a shading rate of 30%.

2. The processing method of the white tea in the high altitude areas according to claim 1, wherein the natural withering lasts for 30-40 hours, and the withering is continued with two sieves and one sieve when the withering reaches seven-eight turn dry.

3. The method of processing white tea in high altitude areas according to claim 1, wherein when the fresh leaves have high moisture content, the fresh leaves naturally wither to six dry ingredients with two sieves in parallel.

4. The processing method of the white tea in the high-altitude regions according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the natural withering temperature is 18-25 ℃ and the relative humidity is 67-80%.

5. The processing method of the white tea in the high-altitude regions according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the natural withering temperature is 25-30 ℃ and the relative humidity is 60-75%.

6. The method for processing the white tea in the high altitude areas according to claim 1, wherein the withering is a compound withering, and the compound withering is performed again indoors after the fresh leaves are dried outdoors to lose the inherent luster and to be in a slightly soft state.

7. The method for processing white tea in high altitude areas according to claim 6, wherein the temperature of the compound withering outdoor is 22-27 ℃ and the relative humidity is 55-65%.

8. The processing method of the white tea in the high-altitude areas according to claim 1, wherein the withering is heating withering, the heating withering is heating in a ventilated withering chamber by a pipeline, the temperature is 20-32 ℃, and the relative humidity is 65-75%.

9. The processing method of the white tea in the high-altitude areas according to claim 1, wherein the withering is a humidifying withering when the outdoor relative humidity is less than 50%, the temperature is 20-32 ℃, and the relative humidity is 65-75%.

10. The processing method of the white tea in the high altitude area according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the withering time is 30-40 hours, and four sieves are combined into one sieve when seven-eight dry.