CN112615405A - Passive equalization method, equipment and device for battery pack - Google Patents
Passive equalization method, equipment and device for battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN112615405A CN112615405A CN202011476010.4A CN202011476010A CN112615405A CN 112615405 A CN112615405 A CN 112615405A CN 202011476010 A CN202011476010 A CN 202011476010A CN 112615405 A CN112615405 A CN 112615405A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a passive equalization method, equipment and a device of a battery pack. The method comprises the following steps: monitoring the current voltage of each battery cell in the battery pack; when the voltage of at least one battery cell is greater than or equal to a first voltage and less than or equal to a second voltage, determining the balancing time of the battery cells to be balanced and each battery cell to be balanced, wherein the first voltage is a voltage value corresponding to 85% of the maximum capacity of the battery cell, and the second voltage is a voltage value corresponding to the maximum capacity of the battery cell; and performing discharge processing on each battery cell to be balanced through the passive balancing circuit according to the relation between the required balancing time and the preset balancing time of each battery cell to be balanced. The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention increases the time for the passive equalization processing of the battery cell of the battery pack and enhances the passive equalization effect.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a passive equalization method, equipment and device of a battery pack.
Background
The battery pack is composed of a plurality of battery cells. Due to process level errors in the production process, the capacities of different cells have certain differences. In the using process of the battery cell, along with the increase of the using time and the influence of environmental conditions, the self-discharge rate and the capacity decay rate of the battery cell also have differences, so that the charge states of the battery cells in the battery pack have differences, and the battery pack cannot discharge the maximum electric quantity of the battery pack, so that the electric quantity of each battery cell needs to be balanced.
In the prior art, whether equalization is needed or not can be judged only at the charging tail end, and the situation that a plurality of users supplement power for a short time does not wait for full charging of a vehicle, so that equalization cannot be triggered, and the equalization effect is poor. In summary, the prior art has the defects that equalization processing cannot be performed in the early charging stage and the discharging stage of the battery, the equalization time of the battery cell is short, and the equalization effect on each battery cell in the battery pack is not good.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a passive equalization method, device and apparatus for a battery pack, so as to increase the time for equalization processing on a battery cell of the battery pack and enhance the equalization effect.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a passive equalization method for a battery pack, including:
monitoring the current voltage of each battery cell in the battery pack;
when the voltage of at least one of the battery cells is greater than or equal to a first voltage and less than or equal to a second voltage, determining the balancing time of the battery cells to be balanced and each of the battery cells to be balanced, wherein the first voltage is a voltage value corresponding to 85% of the maximum capacity of the battery cells, and the second voltage is a voltage value corresponding to the maximum capacity of the battery cells;
and performing discharge processing on each battery cell to be equalized through a passive equalization circuit according to the relationship between the required equalization time and the preset equalization time of each battery cell to be equalized.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a passive equalization apparatus for a battery pack, including:
the monitoring module is used for monitoring the current voltage of each battery cell in the battery pack;
the device comprises a determining module, a judging module and a balancing module, wherein the determining module is used for determining the balancing time of a to-be-balanced battery cell and each to-be-balanced battery cell when the voltage of at least one battery cell is greater than or equal to a first voltage and less than or equal to a second voltage, the first voltage is a voltage value corresponding to 85% of the maximum capacity of the battery cell, and the second voltage is a voltage value corresponding to the maximum capacity of the voltage;
and the passive equalization processing module is used for performing discharge processing on each battery cell to be equalized through a passive equalization circuit according to the relationship between the required equalization time and the preset equalization time of each battery cell to be equalized.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device for passive equalization of a battery pack, including:
one or more processors;
storage means for storing one or more programs;
when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors are caused to implement the passive balancing method for a battery pack according to any of the first aspect.
In the technical scheme provided in this embodiment, a voltage of at least one battery cell is greater than or equal to a first voltage, and is less than or equal to a second voltage as a condition for determining the balancing time of the battery cell to be balanced and each battery cell to be balanced, where the first voltage is a voltage value corresponding to 85% of the maximum capacity of the battery cell, and the second voltage is a voltage value corresponding to the maximum capacity of the battery cell, in the balancing time of the battery cell to be balanced, the battery cell to be balanced is subjected to discharge processing by a passive balancing circuit, and the battery may be in a charging state, a discharging state, or a standing state. Compare prior art to the electric quantity equilibrium of electric core only confine to the end of charging, the technical scheme that this embodiment provided has prolonged the time of balanced electric quantity, has strengthened the balanced effect of electric quantity, and then has reduced the difference that self-discharge rate and the capacity decay rate of each electric core also can exist, helps the group battery to emit the maximum electric quantity of this group battery. In addition, according to the relationship between the required equalization time and the preset equalization time of each cell to be equalized, the passive equalization circuit is used for discharging each cell to be equalized, so that the phenomenon that the heat generated by the passive equalization circuit in the running time process affects the normal charging or discharging of the battery is avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a passive equalization method for a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating step 120 of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating step 120 of FIG. 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart illustrating step 130 of FIG. 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of a passive equalization apparatus of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a passive equalization electronic device of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a passive equalization method for a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the passive equalization method of the battery pack includes the steps of:
and step 110, monitoring the current voltage of each electric core in the battery pack.
It is known that a battery pack includes a plurality of cells connected in parallel and/or in series to provide a power signal to a device to be powered. In a specific application process, the current voltage of each battery cell in the battery pack can be monitored through the battery management system.
And step 120, when the voltage of at least one battery cell is greater than or equal to a first voltage and less than or equal to a second voltage, determining the balancing time of the battery cells to be balanced and each battery cell to be balanced, wherein the first voltage is a voltage value corresponding to 85% of the maximum capacity of the battery cell, and the second voltage is a voltage value corresponding to the maximum capacity of the battery cell.
It should be noted that when the voltage of at least one battery cell is greater than or equal to the first voltage and less than or equal to the second voltage, the equalization time of the battery cell to be equalized and each battery cell to be equalized is determined, and in the equalization time of the battery cell to be equalized, the battery may be in a charging state, a discharging state, or a standing state by performing discharge processing on each battery cell to be equalized through the passive equalization circuit. Compared with the prior art, whether the equalization is needed or not can be judged only at the charging end, and the equalization effect is poor because the equalization cannot be triggered due to the fact that a plurality of users supplement power for a short time and the full charge of the vehicle cannot be waited for actually existing, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention prolongs the time for equalizing the electric quantity and enhances the effect of equalizing the electric quantity.
In this embodiment, the larger the difference between the state of charge of the battery cell and the minimum state of charge of the battery cell is, the longer the equalization time of the battery cell to be equalized is, the smaller the difference between the state of charge of the battery cell and the minimum state of charge of the battery cell is, and the shorter the equalization time of the battery cell to be equalized is. When the capacity of the battery cell is greater than or equal to 85% of the maximum capacity and less than or equal to the maximum capacity, the charging current or the discharging current of the battery cell is relatively small, the consistency between the actual electric quantity of the battery and the electric quantity of the battery cell monitored by the battery management system is very high, and the accuracy of the difference value between the obtained state of charge of the battery cell and the minimum state of charge of the battery cell is relatively high. And along with the change of the electric quantity of the battery cell, the voltage change value is obvious, so that the voltage value is used as a judgment condition. The voltage value corresponding to 85% of the maximum capacity of the battery cell is a first voltage, and the voltage value corresponding to the maximum capacity of the battery cell is a second voltage. Illustratively, the first voltage value may be 3.6V, and the second voltage value may be 3.65V.
Correspondingly, in the range that the capacity of the battery cell is greater than or equal to 0 and less than 85% of the maximum capacity, if the battery cell is in the charging process, the charging current of the corresponding battery cell is relatively large, and if the battery cell is in the discharging process, the amplification current of the corresponding battery cell is also relatively large. When the capacity of the battery cell is greater than or equal to 0 and less than 85% of the maximum capacity, an error between the actual electric quantity of the battery and the electric quantity of the battery cell monitored by the battery management system is relatively large, the accuracy of the difference between the obtained state of charge of the battery cell and the minimum state of charge of the battery cell is not high, and the accuracy of the determined balancing time of the battery cell to be balanced and each battery cell to be balanced is relatively low.
And step 130, performing discharge processing on each battery cell to be equalized through the passive equalization circuit according to the relationship between the required equalization time and the preset equalization time of each battery cell to be equalized.
In a specific application process, the passive equalization circuit can perform discharge processing on the battery cell to be equalized. If the working time of the passive equalization circuit is too long, the temperature of the battery can be increased by the heat generated by the passive equalization circuit in the operation process, and the performance of the battery is influenced. The passive equalization circuit is thus provided with a preset equalization time. Therefore, the passive equalization circuit is required to perform discharge processing on each cell to be equalized according to the relationship between the required equalization time of each cell to be equalized and the preset equalization time, so as to avoid that the heat generated by the passive equalization circuit in the running time process affects the normal charging or discharging of the battery.
In the technical scheme provided in this embodiment, a voltage of at least one battery cell is greater than or equal to a first voltage, and is less than or equal to a second voltage as a condition for determining the balancing time of the battery cell to be balanced and each battery cell to be balanced, where the first voltage is a voltage value corresponding to 85% of the maximum capacity of the battery cell, and the second voltage is a voltage value corresponding to the maximum capacity of the battery cell, in the balancing time of the battery cell to be balanced, the battery cell to be balanced is subjected to discharge processing by a passive balancing circuit, and the battery may be in a charging state, a discharging state, or a standing state. Compare prior art to the electric quantity equilibrium of electric core only confine to the end of charging, the technical scheme that this embodiment provided has prolonged the time of balanced electric quantity, has strengthened the balanced effect of electric quantity, and then has reduced the difference that self-discharge rate and the capacity decay rate of each electric core also can exist, helps the group battery to emit the maximum electric quantity of this group battery. In addition, according to the relationship between the required equalization time and the preset equalization time of each cell to be equalized, the passive equalization circuit is used for discharging each cell to be equalized, so that the phenomenon that the heat generated by the passive equalization circuit in the running time process affects the normal charging or discharging of the battery is avoided.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of step 120 in fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, on the basis of the foregoing technical solution, referring to fig. 2, when the voltage of at least one battery cell is greater than or equal to the first voltage and less than or equal to the second voltage, the determining the cell to be equalized and the equalization time of each cell to be equalized includes:
In the above technical solution, when the voltage of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the first voltage and less than or equal to the second voltage, the consistency between the actual electric quantity of the battery and the electric quantity of the battery cell monitored by the battery management system is very high, and the accuracy of the difference between the obtained state of charge of the battery cell and the minimum state of charge of the battery cell is relatively high, so that when the voltage of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the first voltage and less than or equal to the second voltage, the accuracy of the determined equalization time of the battery cell to be equalized and each battery cell to be equalized is relatively high.
In order to further improve the accuracy of the determined cell to be equalized and the equalization time of each cell to be equalized, in this embodiment, when the voltage of at least one cell is greater than or equal to the first voltage and less than or equal to the second voltage, the battery pack also needs to be placed in a stable state, when the battery pack is in the stable state, the actual electric quantity of the battery pack is equal to the electric quantity monitored by the battery management system, the actual electric quantity of the battery is closer to the electric quantity of the cell monitored by the battery management system, and the accuracy of the difference value between the obtained electric charge state of the cell and the minimum electric charge state of the cell is higher.
Optionally, when the voltage of at least one battery cell is greater than or equal to the first voltage and less than or equal to the second voltage, the step 1201 of placing the battery pack in a stable state includes: and when the voltage of at least one battery cell is greater than or equal to the first voltage and less than or equal to the second voltage, charging the battery pack for a preset time at a preset charging current.
For example, the preset charging current may be about 0.1C, and the preset time may be about 2 minutes. In this embodiment, specific values of the preset charging current and the preset time are not limited, and in a specific application process, a relatively small charging current and a relatively small charging time may be determined according to the maximum charging current of the battery cell to charge the battery, so that the battery is in a stable state.
In this embodiment, the larger the difference between the state of charge of the battery cell and the minimum state of charge of the battery cell is, the longer the equalization time of the battery cell to be equalized is, the smaller the difference between the state of charge of the battery cell and the minimum state of charge of the battery cell is, and the shorter the equalization time of the battery cell to be equalized is. However, the state of charge and the operating condition information of the battery cell are corresponding, that is, the state of charge of the battery cell is different under different operating condition information, so that the current operating condition information of the battery pack entering the stable state needs to be recorded, and the battery cell to be balanced are determined according to the difference between the state of charge and the minimum state of charge of the battery cell in the subsequent steps according to the current operating condition information of the battery pack entering the stable state. In a specific application process, the current working condition information of the battery pack entering a stable state can be recorded through the battery management system.
And 1203, determining the battery cell with the difference value between the charge state of the battery cell and the minimum charge state larger than or equal to a preset difference value as the battery cell to be balanced.
For example, the preset difference may be 1%, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific number of the preset difference. The cells with the difference value between the state of charge of the cell and the minimum state of charge smaller than the preset difference value do not need to be subjected to passive equalization processing.
It should be noted that, before step 1203, the state of charge of each battery cell may be queried by querying a mapping relationship table between the operating condition information and the state of charge of the battery cell, then a battery cell with the minimum state of charge is determined, and a battery cell with a difference between the state of charge of the battery cell and the minimum state of charge greater than or equal to a preset difference is determined as the battery cell to be balanced. Specifically, the query of the mapping relationship table of the operating condition information and the state of charge of the battery cell can obtain the state of charge of the battery cell corresponding to various operating condition information through a large amount of experimental data, and draw the mapping relationship table of the operating condition information and the state of charge of the battery cell.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the accuracy of the difference between the obtained state of charge of the battery cell and the minimum state of charge is higher, so that the accuracy of the determined balance electric quantity of each battery cell to be balanced is also higher. The larger the difference between the state of charge of the battery cells and the minimum state of charge is, the larger the equalizing electric quantity of each battery cell to be equalized is.
Specifically, the step 1204 of determining the balancing electric quantity of each to-be-balanced battery cell according to the difference between the state of charge of the battery cell and the minimum state of charge includes:
the product of the value corresponding to the current health state of the battery, the rated electric quantity of the battery cell to be equalized and the difference value between the state of charge and the minimum state of charge of the battery cell to be equalized is the equalization electric quantity of the battery cell to be equalized.
Specifically, the product of the rated electric quantity of the electric core to be equalized and the difference between the state of charge and the minimum state of charge of the electric core to be equalized is the electric quantity of the electric core to be equalized.
It should be noted that the value corresponding to the current state of health of the battery may be a ratio of an electric quantity of the battery in a fully charged state to a preset charging electric quantity of the battery, that is, the energy storage capacity of the battery is represented. The value corresponding to the current state of health of the battery may represent an average value of values corresponding to the current state of health of each of the battery cells. Along with the influence of the use and the environment of electric core, the health status of every electric core all can change, selects the average value of the numerical value that each electric core current health status corresponds to and treats the balanced electric quantity that the electric core needs to be balanced and revises, alright in order to obtain the balanced electric quantity that treats the balanced electric core with the actual laminating degree is higher. Specifically, the specific embodiment mode is that the electric quantity (the product of the rated electric quantity of the battery cell to be equalized and the difference value between the state of charge and the minimum state of charge of the battery cell to be equalized) of the battery cell to be equalized is multiplied by the value corresponding to the current state of health of the battery.
And determining the required equalization time of each battery cell to be equalized by using the equalization electric quantity of the battery cell to be equalized, which is higher than the actual fitting degree, so as to obtain the required equalization time of each battery cell to be equalized, which is better in accuracy.
Optionally, the step 1205 of determining the balancing time of each battery cell to be balanced according to the balancing electric quantity of each battery cell to be balanced includes:
the ratio of the equalizing electric quantity of each cell to be equalized to the average equalizing current value of the passive equalizing circuit is the equalizing time of each cell to be equalized.
Illustratively, the passive equalization circuit includes a plurality of passive equalization chip units, and each passive equalization chip unit performs power equalization on one electrical core. In an example, the passive equalization circuit does not always output the passive equalization current in one pulse signal period, so that the battery cell to be equalized discharges. In example two, the passive equalization current output by the passive equalization circuit in one pulse signal period may not be an average value. Therefore, the ratio of the equalizing electric quantity of each battery cell to be equalized to the average equalizing current value of the passive equalizing circuit needs to be used as the equalizing time of each battery cell to be equalized, so as to increase the accuracy of the acquired equalizing time of each battery cell to be equalized.
Optionally, on the basis of the foregoing technical solution, the step 120 of performing, by using the passive equalization circuit, discharge processing on each battery cell to be equalized according to a relationship between the required equalization time of each battery cell to be equalized and a preset equalization time includes:
when the required equalization time of each battery cell to be equalized is greater than or equal to the preset equalization time, performing discharge processing on each battery cell to be equalized through the passive equalization circuit at the preset equalization time;
or when the required equalization time of each to-be-equalized battery cell is less than the preset equalization time, performing discharge processing on each to-be-equalized battery cell through the passive equalization circuit according to the required equalization time of each battery cell.
In a specific application process, the passive equalization circuit can perform discharge processing on the battery cell to be equalized. If the working time of the passive equalization circuit is too long, the temperature of the battery can be increased by the heat generated by the passive equalization circuit in the operation process, and the performance of the battery is influenced. The passive equalization circuit is thus provided with a preset equalization time. Therefore, the passive equalization circuit is required to perform discharge processing on each cell to be equalized according to the relationship between the required equalization time of each cell to be equalized and the preset equalization time, so as to avoid that the heat generated by the passive equalization circuit in the running time process affects the normal charging or discharging of the battery.
Specifically, when the required equalization time of each to-be-equalized battery cell is greater than or equal to the preset equalization time, the to-be-equalized battery cell is subjected to discharge processing through the passive equalization circuit within the preset equalization time, so that the situation that the normal charging or discharging of the battery is influenced by the generated heat in the operation time process of the passive equalization circuit is avoided. Or when the required equalization time of each to-be-equalized battery cell is less than the preset equalization time, performing discharge processing on each to-be-equalized battery cell through the passive equalization circuit according to the required equalization time of each battery cell.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of another step 120 in fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, on the basis of the foregoing technical solution, referring to fig. 3, in step 120, performing, by using a passive equalization circuit, a discharge process on each to-be-equalized battery cell according to a relationship between the required equalization time of each to-be-equalized battery cell and a preset equalization time includes:
and step 1206, determining the number of the electric cores to be balanced.
Specifically, the cell of which the difference between the state of charge of the cell and the minimum state of charge is greater than or equal to a preset difference is determined as the cell to be equalized. The number of the cells of which the difference between the state of charge and the minimum state of charge is greater than or equal to the preset difference can be counted through the battery management system, and the number is the number of the cells to be balanced.
Or, in step 1208, when the number of the to-be-equalized battery cells is greater than the preset number value, performing, by the passive equalization circuit, discharge processing on the to-be-equalized battery cells in batches according to the magnitude relationship between the required equalization time of the to-be-equalized battery cells and the preset equalization time and the magnitude relationship between the difference between the state of charge of the to-be-equalized battery cells and the minimum state of charge of the to-be.
It should be noted that step 1207 and step 1208 are not in sequence.
On the one hand, the passive equalization circuit discharges electricity to the battery core to be equalized, which is larger than the preset number value, within the same time, and the heat generated by the passive equalization circuit in the operation process can increase the temperature of the battery, thereby affecting the performance of the battery. On the other hand, the passive equalization circuit comprises a plurality of passive equalization chip units, each passive equalization chip unit performs discharge processing on one to-be-equalized battery cell, and the number of processing chips included in the passive equalization circuit is limited, so that when the number of the to-be-equalized battery cells is smaller than or equal to a preset number value, the passive equalization circuit performs discharge processing on each to-be-equalized battery cell according to the relation between the required equalization time of the to-be-equalized battery cell and the preset equalization time. And when the number of the cells to be balanced is larger than the preset number value, performing discharge processing on the cells to be balanced in batches through the passive balancing circuit according to the magnitude relation between the required balancing time and the preset balancing time of the cells to be balanced and the magnitude relation between the difference values of the charge states and the minimum charge states of the cells to be balanced.
Illustratively, the first n/3 cells to be equalized, which have a large difference between the state of charge and the minimum state of charge, of the cells to be equalized are selected to be equalized preferentially, then n/3 cells, which have a medium difference between the state of charge and the minimum state of charge, of the cells to be equalized are equalized, and finally n/3 cells to be equalized, which have a minimum difference between the state of charge and the minimum state of charge, of the cells to be equalized are equalized, wherein n is the number of the cells to be equalized.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating step 130 in fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, referring to fig. 4, on the basis of the foregoing technical solution, in the step 130, according to a relationship between the required equalization time of each battery cell to be equalized and a preset equalization time, when performing discharge processing on each battery cell to be equalized through the passive equalization circuit, the method further includes:
Specifically, the current voltage of each cell in the battery pack may be monitored by the battery management system.
Step 1302, when the voltage of at least one battery cell is equal to the second voltage, re-determining the cell to be equalized and the equalization time of each cell to be equalized.
Specifically, in step 130, according to the relationship between the required equalization time of each to-be-equalized battery cell and the preset equalization time, during the discharge processing of each to-be-equalized battery cell through the passive equalization circuit, if it is monitored that the voltage of at least one battery cell is equal to the second voltage, the equalization time of the to-be-equalized battery cell and each to-be-equalized battery cell is re-determined, that is, steps 1201 to 1205 are re-performed, the equalization electric quantity of the current to-be-equalized battery cell and each to-be-equalized battery cell in each battery cell is obtained, the accuracy of the obtained to-be-equalized battery cells and the equalization time is increased, and the problem of poor equalization effect caused by too short historical passive equalization time or inaccurate passive equalization processing on the historical equalized battery cells is avoided. It should be noted that the historical passive equalization time and the historical equalization cell are the equalization time of the cell to be equalized and each cell to be equalized determined through step 120 before the equalization time of the cell to be equalized and each cell to be equalized is re-determined.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a passive equalization device of the battery pack. Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a passive equalization apparatus of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention. The apparatus may be implemented in software and/or hardware, and may be configured in an electronic device with a network communication function. Referring to fig. 5, a passive balancing apparatus for a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:
the monitoring module 100 is configured to monitor a current voltage of each battery cell in the battery pack;
a determining module 200, configured to determine, when a voltage of at least one of the battery cells is greater than or equal to a first voltage and less than or equal to a second voltage, a balancing time of the battery cell to be balanced and each of the battery cells to be balanced, where the first voltage is a voltage value corresponding to 85% of a maximum capacity of the battery cell, and the second voltage is a voltage value corresponding to the maximum capacity of the battery cell;
and the passive equalization processing module 300 is configured to perform discharge processing on each to-be-equalized battery cell through the passive equalization circuit according to a size relationship between the required equalization time of each to-be-equalized battery cell and a preset equalization time.
Optionally, the determining module 200 includes a stabilizing unit, configured to place the battery pack in a stable state when the voltage of at least one of the battery cells is greater than or equal to a first voltage and less than or equal to a second voltage, where when the battery pack is in the stable state, an actual electric quantity of the battery pack is equal to an electric quantity monitored by a battery management system;
the recording unit is used for recording the current working condition information of the battery pack entering a stable state, wherein the current working condition information comprises at least one of voltage, current and temperature;
the battery cell determining unit is used for determining the battery cell of which the difference value between the charge state and the minimum charge state is greater than or equal to a preset difference value as the battery cell to be balanced;
the cell balancing unit is used for determining the cell balancing electric quantity of each cell to be balanced according to the difference value between the charge state and the minimum charge state of the cell;
the required equalization time determining unit is used for determining required equalization time of each battery cell to be equalized according to the equalization electric quantity of each battery cell to be equalized.
Optionally, the required equalization time determining unit is further configured to determine a ratio of the equalization electric quantity of each battery cell to be equalized to the average equalization current value of the passive equalization circuit as the equalization time of each battery cell to be equalized.
Optionally, the balancing electric quantity determining unit of the to-be-balanced battery cell is further configured to determine a product of a value corresponding to the current health state of the battery, the rated electric quantity of the to-be-balanced battery cell, and the difference between the state of charge of the to-be-balanced battery cell and the minimum state of charge as the balancing electric quantity of the to-be-balanced battery cell.
Optionally, the stabilizing unit is further configured to charge the battery pack for a preset time at a preset charging current when the voltage of at least one of the battery cells is greater than or equal to a first voltage and is less than or equal to a second voltage.
Optionally, the passive equalization processing module 300 is further configured to perform discharge processing on each to-be-equalized battery cell through a passive equalization circuit at a preset equalization time when the required equalization time of each to-be-equalized battery cell is greater than or equal to the preset equalization time;
or when the required equalization time of each battery cell to be equalized is less than the preset equalization time, performing discharge processing on each battery cell to be equalized through a passive equalization circuit according to the required equalization time of each battery cell.
Optionally, the passive equalization processing module 300 is further configured to perform, according to a size relationship between the required equalization time and a preset equalization time of each to-be-equalized battery cell, discharge processing on each to-be-equalized battery cell through a passive equalization circuit, where the discharge processing includes:
determining the number of the cells to be equalized;
when the number of the electric cores to be equalized is less than or equal to a preset number value, performing discharge processing on each electric core to be equalized through a passive equalization circuit according to the relationship between the required equalization time of the electric core to be equalized and the preset equalization time;
or when the number of the electric cores to be balanced is larger than a preset number value, performing discharge processing on the electric cores to be balanced in batches through a passive balancing circuit according to the magnitude relation between the required balancing time and the preset balancing time of the electric cores to be balanced and the magnitude relation between the difference values of the state of charge and the minimum state of charge of the electric cores to be balanced.
Optionally, the passive equalization processing module 300 is further configured to monitor current voltages of each battery cell in the battery pack;
and when the voltage of at least one battery cell is equal to the second voltage, re-determining the cell to be equalized and the equalization time of each cell to be equalized.
The passive balancing apparatus for a battery pack provided in the embodiment of the present application may perform the passive balancing method for a battery pack provided in any embodiment of the present application, and has corresponding functions and advantages of performing the passive balancing method for a battery pack.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a passive equalization electronic device of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application. As illustrated in fig. 6, an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application includes: one or more processors 610 and storage 620; the processor 610 in the electronic device may be one or more, and one processor 610 is taken as an example in fig. 6; storage 620 is used to store one or more programs; the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors 610, so that the one or more processors 610 implement the passive balancing method of the battery pack according to any one of the embodiments of the present application.
The electronic device may further include: an input device 630 and an output device 640.
The processor 610, the storage 620, the input device 630 and the output device 640 in the electronic apparatus may be connected by a bus or other means, and fig. 6 illustrates an example of connection by a bus.
The storage device 620 in the electronic device may be used as a computer-readable storage medium for storing one or more programs, which may be software programs, computer-executable programs, and modules, such as program instructions/modules corresponding to the passive balancing method for a battery pack provided in the embodiments of the present application. The processor 610 executes various functional applications and data processing of the electronic device by executing software programs, instructions and modules stored in the storage device 620, that is, implements the passive balancing method of the battery pack in the above method embodiment.
The storage device 620 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data created according to use of the electronic device, and the like. Further, the storage 620 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid state storage device. In some examples, the storage 620 may further include memory located remotely from the processor 610, which may be connected to the device over a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The input means 630 may be used to receive input numeric or character information and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the electronic device. The output device 640 may include a display device such as a display screen.
And, when the one or more programs included in the electronic device are executed by the one or more processors 610, the programs perform the following operations:
monitoring the current voltage of each battery cell in the battery pack;
when the voltage of at least one of the battery cells is greater than or equal to a first voltage and less than or equal to a second voltage, determining the balancing time of the battery cells to be balanced and each of the battery cells to be balanced, wherein the first voltage is a voltage value corresponding to 85% of the maximum capacity of the battery cells, and the second voltage is a voltage value corresponding to the maximum capacity of the battery cells;
and performing discharge processing on each battery cell to be equalized through a passive equalization circuit according to the relationship between the required equalization time and the preset equalization time of each battery cell to be equalized. Of course, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that when one or more programs included in the electronic device are executed by the one or more processors 610, the programs may also perform related operations in the passive balancing method for a battery pack provided in any embodiment of the present application.
One embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program for performing a passive equalization method of a battery pack when executed by a processor, the method comprising:
monitoring the current voltage of each battery cell in the battery pack;
when the voltage of at least one of the battery cells is greater than or equal to a first voltage and less than or equal to a second voltage, determining the balancing time of the battery cells to be balanced and each of the battery cells to be balanced, wherein the first voltage is a voltage value corresponding to 85% of the maximum capacity of the battery cells, and the second voltage is a voltage value corresponding to the maximum capacity of the battery cells;
and performing discharge processing on each battery cell to be equalized through a passive equalization circuit according to the relationship between the required equalization time and the preset equalization time of each battery cell to be equalized.
Optionally, the program may be further configured to perform a passive equalization method of a battery pack provided in any embodiment of the present application when executed by the processor.
The computer storage media of the embodiments of the present application may take any combination of one or more computer-readable media. The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), an Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), a flash Memory, an optical fiber, a portable CD-ROM, an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
A computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated data signal may take a variety of forms, including, but not limited to: an electromagnetic signal, an optical signal, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wire, fiber optic cable, Radio Frequency (RF), etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present application may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C + +, and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider).
The computer storage media of the embodiments of the present application may take any combination of one or more computer-readable media. The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), an Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), a flash Memory, an optical fiber, a portable CD-ROM, an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
A computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated data signal may take a variety of forms, including, but not limited to: an electromagnetic signal, an optical signal, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wire, fiber optic cable, Radio Frequency (RF), etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present application may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C + +, and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider).
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for passive equalization of a battery pack, comprising:
monitoring the current voltage of each battery cell in the battery pack;
when the voltage of at least one of the battery cells is greater than or equal to a first voltage and less than or equal to a second voltage, determining the balancing time of the battery cells to be balanced and each of the battery cells to be balanced, wherein the first voltage is a voltage value corresponding to 85% of the maximum capacity of the battery cells, and the second voltage is a voltage value corresponding to the maximum capacity of the battery cells;
and performing discharge processing on each battery cell to be equalized through a passive equalization circuit according to the relationship between the required equalization time and the preset equalization time of each battery cell to be equalized.
2. The passive equalization method of the battery pack according to claim 1, wherein when the voltage of at least one of the cells is greater than or equal to a first voltage and less than or equal to a second voltage, determining the equalization time of the cells to be equalized and each of the cells to be equalized comprises:
when the voltage of at least one battery cell is greater than or equal to a first voltage and less than or equal to a second voltage, the battery pack is placed in a stable state, wherein when the battery pack is in the stable state, the actual electric quantity of the battery pack is equal to the electric quantity monitored by a battery management system;
recording current working condition information of the battery pack entering a stable state, wherein the current working condition information comprises at least one of voltage, current and temperature;
determining the cell with the difference value between the charge state of the cell and the minimum charge state larger than or equal to a preset difference value as a cell to be balanced;
determining the balance electric quantity of each battery cell to be balanced according to the difference value between the charge state and the minimum charge state of the battery cell;
and determining the required balancing time of each battery cell to be balanced according to the balancing electric quantity of each battery cell to be balanced.
3. The passive equalization method of the battery pack according to claim 2, wherein determining the equalization time of each battery cell to be equalized according to the equalization electric quantity of each battery cell to be equalized comprises:
and the ratio of the equalizing electric quantity of each battery cell to be equalized to the average equalizing current value of the passive equalizing circuit is the equalizing time of each battery cell to be equalized.
4. The passive equalization method of the battery pack according to claim 2 or 3, wherein determining the equalization electric quantity of each of the cells to be equalized according to the difference between the state of charge of the cell and the minimum state of charge comprises:
and the product of the value corresponding to the current health state of the battery, the rated electric quantity of the battery cell to be equalized and the difference value between the charge state and the minimum charge state of the battery cell to be equalized is the equalization electric quantity of the battery cell to be equalized.
5. The battery pack passive equalization method of claim 2, wherein when the voltage of at least one of the cells is greater than or equal to a first voltage and less than or equal to a second voltage, placing the battery pack in a steady state comprises:
and when the voltage of at least one battery cell is greater than or equal to a first voltage and less than or equal to a second voltage, charging the battery pack for a preset time at a preset charging current.
6. The passive equalization method of the battery pack according to claim 1, wherein performing, by the passive equalization circuit, discharge processing on each of the electric cells to be equalized according to a magnitude relationship between a required equalization time and a preset equalization time of each of the electric cells to be equalized includes:
when the required equalization time of each battery cell to be equalized is greater than or equal to the preset equalization time, performing discharge processing on each battery cell to be equalized through a passive equalization circuit at the preset equalization time;
or when the required equalization time of each battery cell to be equalized is less than the preset equalization time, performing discharge processing on each battery cell to be equalized through a passive equalization circuit according to the required equalization time of each battery cell.
7. The passive equalization method of the battery pack according to claim 1, wherein performing, by the passive equalization circuit, discharge processing on each of the electric cells to be equalized according to a magnitude relationship between a required equalization time and a preset equalization time of each of the electric cells to be equalized includes:
determining the number of the cells to be equalized;
when the number of the electric cores to be equalized is less than or equal to a preset number value, performing discharge processing on each electric core to be equalized through a passive equalization circuit according to the relationship between the required equalization time of the electric core to be equalized and the preset equalization time;
or when the number of the electric cores to be balanced is larger than a preset number value, performing discharge processing on the electric cores to be balanced in batches through a passive balancing circuit according to the magnitude relation between the required balancing time and the preset balancing time of the electric cores to be balanced and the magnitude relation between the difference values of the state of charge and the minimum state of charge of the electric cores to be balanced.
8. The passive equalization method of the battery pack according to claim 1, wherein according to a magnitude relationship between required equalization time and preset equalization time of each battery cell to be equalized, when performing discharge processing on each battery cell to be equalized through the passive equalization circuit, the method further comprises:
monitoring the current voltage of each battery cell in the battery pack;
and when the voltage of at least one battery cell is equal to the second voltage, re-determining the cell to be equalized and the equalization time of each cell to be equalized.
9. A passive equalization apparatus for a battery pack, comprising:
the monitoring module is used for monitoring the current voltage of each battery cell in the battery pack;
the device comprises a determining module, a judging module and a balancing module, wherein the determining module is used for determining the balancing time of a to-be-balanced battery cell and each to-be-balanced battery cell when the voltage of at least one battery cell is greater than or equal to a first voltage and less than or equal to a second voltage, the first voltage is a voltage value corresponding to 85% of the maximum capacity of the battery cell, and the second voltage is a voltage value corresponding to the maximum capacity of the voltage;
and the passive equalization processing module is used for performing discharge processing on each battery cell to be equalized through a passive equalization circuit according to the relationship between the required equalization time and the preset equalization time of each battery cell to be equalized.
10. A passive equalization electronics for a battery pack, comprising:
one or more processors;
storage means for storing one or more programs;
when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the method of passive balancing of a battery pack of any of claims 1-8.
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