CN112615081A - Refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system and method for automobile battery - Google Patents
Refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system and method for automobile battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN112615081A CN112615081A CN202011506195.9A CN202011506195A CN112615081A CN 112615081 A CN112615081 A CN 112615081A CN 202011506195 A CN202011506195 A CN 202011506195A CN 112615081 A CN112615081 A CN 112615081A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
- H01M10/643—Cylindrical cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system and method of an automobile battery, wherein the system comprises an external circulation system and a battery box; the external circulation system is connected with the battery box; the battery box comprises a plurality of cylindrical batteries, a battery box wall and a spray plate; through a plurality of cylindrical holes arranged on the wall of the battery box, electrode parts at two ends of the plurality of cylindrical batteries are exposed out of the wall of the battery box; the wall surface of the battery box wall is provided with a gas refrigerant pipe orifice and a liquid refrigerant outlet; the spraying plate is arranged above the cylindrical battery, and a liquid refrigerant inlet is formed above the spraying plate and used for feeding liquid refrigerant into a spraying device of the spraying plate; and the surface of the spraying plate is provided with spray holes for spraying the liquid refrigerant. By adopting the embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the automobile battery is changed rapidly and uniformly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technology of automobile power batteries, in particular to a refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system and method of an automobile battery.
Background
The power battery is a core component in the electric automobile composition system. Because of the battery can self produce certain heat at the charge-discharge in-process, these heats are gathered inside the battery, if can not dispel to the external environment fast in, can cause battery self temperature to rise rapidly. The excessively high temperature of the battery not only seriously affects the function and the service life of the battery, but also causes safety accidents such as fire and the like, thereby causing potential life safety hazards and property loss to people. In addition, in a cold environment, the electrochemical reaction in the battery is greatly limited due to the low temperature, which seriously affects the power generation efficiency of the battery, and at this time, the battery needs to be heated by the outside.
At present, aiming at the problem of battery heating in an electric automobile, common cooling technologies mainly comprise: air cooling, liquid cooling, and refrigerant phase change cooling. For air cooling and liquid cooling, the fluid in the cooling system is in single-phase flow, and the fluid can only exchange heat with the outside by virtue of sensible heat absorbed by the temperature rise of the fluid, so that the overall heat exchange capacity is very limited. In addition, the fluid is along the in-process that the pipeline flows, and self can absorb external heat to make self temperature rise, this makes the fluid and external difference in temperature diminish, leads to local heat transfer effect to worsen gradually, finally makes whole samming effect worsen.
On the other hand, the starting problem of the battery in a low-temperature environment is mainly realized by heating the battery through an electric heating wire. The method has the advantages of long heating time and high power consumption, and can damage the battery due to uneven heating and even cause serious safety accidents. Therefore, a new heating method is needed to rapidly, efficiently, safely and uniformly heat up the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a refrigerant membrane type phase change temperature control system and method for an automobile battery, which introduce a membrane type phase change heat exchange technology to quickly and uniformly change the temperature of the automobile battery.
The first aspect of the embodiment of the application provides a refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system and method for an automobile battery, and the system comprises an external circulation system and a battery box; the external circulation system is connected with the battery box;
the battery box comprises a plurality of cylindrical batteries, a battery box wall and a spray plate;
through a plurality of cylindrical holes arranged on the wall of the battery box, electrode parts at two ends of the plurality of cylindrical batteries are exposed out of the wall of the battery box;
the wall surface of the battery box wall is provided with a gas refrigerant pipe orifice and a liquid refrigerant outlet;
the spraying plate is arranged above the cylindrical battery, and a liquid refrigerant inlet is formed above the spraying plate and used for feeding liquid refrigerant into a spraying device of the spraying plate; and the surface of the spraying plate is provided with spray holes for spraying the liquid refrigerant.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the gaseous refrigerant pipe orifice is located above the wall surface of the battery box wall, and the liquid refrigerant outlet is located below the wall surface of the battery box wall.
In one possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the contact part of the cylindrical battery and the wall of the battery box is sealed by using a sealant.
In one possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the external circulation system includes a compressor, a gas-liquid separation device, a four-way valve, an external heat exchanger, a throttle valve, a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve, and a drive pump;
a first interface of the first electromagnetic valve is connected with the liquid refrigerant inlet, and a second interface of the first electromagnetic valve is connected with a first interface of the driving pump and a first interface of the throttle valve; a first interface of the second electromagnetic valve is connected with the liquid refrigerant outlet, and a second interface of the second electromagnetic valve is connected with a second interface of the driving pump; the second port of the throttle valve is connected with the first port of the external heat exchanger; a first interface of the four-way valve is connected with a pipe orifice of a gaseous refrigerant, a second interface of the four-way valve is connected with a first interface of the gas-liquid separation device, a third interface of the four-way valve is connected with a second port of the external heat exchanger, and a fourth port of the four-way valve is connected with a first port of the compressor; and the second port of the compressor is connected with the second port of the gas-liquid separation device.
In one possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the refrigerant used by the external circulation system and the battery box is methanol, ethanol, a refrigerant model R22, a refrigerant model R32, a refrigerant model R134a, or a refrigerant model R410 a.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a plurality of battery packs are formed by horizontally placing the plurality of cylindrical batteries at preset intervals, and the plurality of battery packs are arranged in a staggered manner.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a refrigerant phase change temperature control method for an automobile battery, which is applied to the refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system in the embodiments, and includes:
if the temperature of the working environment of the automobile battery is detected to be higher than the high-temperature threshold value, entering a refrigeration working condition;
controlling the spray plate to spray a liquid refrigerant on the side wall surface of the cylindrical battery and spread the liquid refrigerant to form a liquid film, wherein the liquid film can coat the outer surface of the cylindrical battery; the refrigerant in the liquid film absorbs the heat generated by the cylindrical battery, and the phase change is carried out, so that the phase change is carried out and the refrigerant is vaporized into a gaseous refrigerant;
controlling the gaseous refrigerant to enter the external circulation system through the gaseous refrigerant pipe orifice;
the unvaporized liquid refrigerant in the battery box is accumulated at the bottom of the battery box, and the unvaporized liquid refrigerant is controlled to enter the external circulation system through the liquid refrigerant outlet after the liquid level reaches a certain height.
A third aspect of the present embodiment provides a refrigerant phase change temperature control method for an automobile battery, which is applied to the refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system in the foregoing embodiment, and includes:
if the temperature of the working environment of the automobile battery is detected to be lower than the low-temperature threshold value, the heating working condition is entered;
controlling the gaseous refrigerant in the external circulation system to enter the battery box through the pipe orifice of the gaseous refrigerant; the gaseous refrigerant is condensed and phase-changed on the side wall surface of the cylindrical battery, and the gaseous refrigerant is phase-changed into liquid refrigerant which is attached to the wall surface of the cylindrical battery to form a liquid film;
and after the liquid refrigerant after condensation and heat release is accumulated at the bottom of the battery box, controlling the liquid refrigerant to enter the external circulation system through the liquid refrigerant outlet after the liquid level reaches a certain height.
Compared with the prior art, the refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system and method for the automobile battery provided by the embodiment of the invention have the advantages that the cylindrical battery in the battery box is horizontally placed, a uniform and stable liquid film is formed on the side wall surface of the battery by the liquid refrigerant by utilizing the principle of liquid film evaporation cooling under the refrigeration working condition, and the refrigerant in the liquid film absorbs the heat of the battery in the vaporization process, so that the temperature of the battery is reduced. Under the heating condition, the gaseous refrigerant is condensed on the side wall surface of the battery to release heat, and the battery is heated and warmed.
The temperature control system can quickly control the battery in a proper temperature range by means of the huge latent heat absorbed or released during the phase change heat exchange of the liquid film and the extremely low heat transfer and mass transfer resistance in the liquid film. In the phase change process, the liquid film can be uniformly and stably attached to the side wall surface of each battery, so that the temperature of different positions of a single battery is kept consistent, and the temperature among different batteries is also kept consistent. Meanwhile, the refrigerant is used as a refrigerant, has constant phase-change temperature when the pressure is constant, and the system can control the phase-change temperature of the refrigerant by adjusting the pressure in the system to accurately control the temperature of the battery. In addition, compared with the traditional scheme that the temperature of the battery is controlled by a complex air channel and a liquid pipeline, in the scheme of the invention, the refrigerant flows in the battery box in a liquid film mode, so that the pressure drop loss is small, and the extra power consumption is low. In summary, the stability control system has the advantages of good temperature control and temperature equalization effects, rapid temperature adjustment, small pressure drop loss, small refrigerant consumption and light weight.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system of an automobile battery according to an embodiment of the present invention under a refrigeration condition;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery box according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a disassembled battery box according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system of an automobile battery according to an embodiment of the present invention when the system is in a heating condition.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system for an automotive battery, where the system includes an external circulation system 2 and a battery box 1, and the external circulation system 2 is connected to the battery box 1.
The battery box 1 comprises a plurality of cylindrical batteries 16, battery box walls and a spray plate 13, wherein the battery box walls comprise a front battery box wall 20 and a rear battery box wall 15.
The electrode portions 19 at both ends of the plurality of cylindrical batteries 16 are exposed out of the front and rear battery case walls 20 through a plurality of cylindrical holes 22 provided in the battery case walls 20.
The wall surfaces of the left and right battery box walls 15 are provided with a gaseous refrigerant pipe 14 port and a liquid refrigerant outlet 17.
The spray plate 13 is arranged above the cylindrical battery 16, and a liquid refrigerant inlet 23 is arranged above the spray plate 13 and used for feeding liquid refrigerant into a spray device of the spray plate; and the surface of the spraying plate is provided with spray holes for spraying liquid refrigerants.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, four battery box walls are formed by the front and rear battery box walls 20 and the left and right battery box walls 15, because the battery box 1 in the embodiment of the present invention is in a cube shape, in practical applications, the battery box may have other shapes, such as a cylinder, and at this time, the battery box has only one battery box wall, and the battery box 1 in the embodiment of the present invention is only one preferred mode.
The cooling of the battery at high temperature is based on the principle of film-type evaporative cooling. The liquid refrigerant is sprayed on the side wall surfaces of the plurality of cylindrical batteries 16 and spreads to form an extremely thin liquid film, the redundant liquid drops from the cylindrical batteries 16 under the action of gravity, and the formed liquid film can cover the outer surfaces of the cylindrical batteries. In the process, the refrigerant in the liquid film absorbs the heat generated by the cylindrical battery 16, and the refrigerant is subjected to phase change and is vaporized into a gas state. Because the heat transfer and mass transfer processes are carried out in the extremely thin liquid film, the film type phase change has very low heat transfer and mass transfer resistance, and the method can obtain good cooling effect. Further, since the liquid film can be uniformly and stably spread over and cover the cylindrical cells 16 on the outer surfaces of the cylindrical cells 16, the method can also achieve an excellent temperature uniforming effect. In addition, the temperature of the refrigerant is stable under a certain pressure, and the refrigerant is vaporized in the liquid film and is not influenced by the static pressure of the liquid level, so that the local overheating phenomenon is avoided, and the temperature can be controlled more accurately.
The heating of the battery at low temperature utilizes the principle of membrane type condensation heat release. The temperature of the battery is raised by means of the great latent heat released by the gaseous refrigerant condensing on the outer wall surface of the cylindrical battery 16. The gaseous refrigerant enters the battery box 1 from a gaseous refrigerant pipe orifice 14 above the battery box, condensation phase change occurs on the side wall surface of the cylindrical battery 16, and the formed liquid refrigerant is attached to the wall surface of the cylindrical battery 16. With the increasing of the liquid refrigerants, only one layer of extremely thin liquid film can be formed on the side wall surface of the cylindrical battery 16, and the redundant liquid drops from the wall surface of the cylindrical battery 16 under the influence of gravity, so that the redundant liquid is not accumulated on the wall surface of the cylindrical battery 16, the thermal resistance is greatly reduced, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. Therefore, this method enables the cylindrical battery 16 to be rapidly warmed up. Further, since the gaseous refrigerant is wrapped around the cylindrical battery 16, and the formed liquid refrigerant can be uniformly attached to the outer wall surface of the cylindrical battery 16 when the condensation phase change occurs, the temperature rise of the cylindrical battery 16 can be more uniform by this method. In addition, when the gaseous refrigerant is subjected to phase change under a certain pressure, the constant phase change temperature can be always kept, so that the invention also has good temperature control capability.
Compared with the prior art, the refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system for the automobile battery provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the cylindrical battery in the battery box is horizontally placed, a uniform and stable liquid film is formed on the side wall surface of the battery by the liquid refrigerant by utilizing the principle of liquid film evaporation cooling under the refrigeration working condition, and the refrigerant in the liquid film absorbs the heat of the battery in the vaporization process, so that the temperature of the battery is reduced. Under the heating condition, the gaseous refrigerant is condensed on the side wall surface of the battery to release heat, and the battery is heated and warmed.
The temperature control system can quickly control the battery in a proper temperature range by means of the huge latent heat absorbed or released during the phase change heat exchange of the liquid film and the extremely low heat transfer and mass transfer resistance in the liquid film. In the phase change process, the liquid film can be uniformly and stably attached to the side wall surface of each battery, so that the temperature of different positions of a single battery is kept consistent, and the temperature among different batteries is also kept consistent. Meanwhile, the refrigerant is used as a refrigerant, has constant phase-change temperature when the pressure is constant, and the system can control the phase-change temperature of the refrigerant by adjusting the pressure in the system to accurately control the temperature of the battery. In addition, compared with the traditional scheme that the temperature of the battery is controlled by a complex air channel and a liquid pipeline, in the scheme of the invention, the refrigerant flows in the battery box in a liquid film mode, so that the pressure drop loss is small, and the extra power consumption is low. In conclusion, the temperature control system has the advantages of good temperature control and temperature equalization effects, rapid temperature adjustment, small pressure drop loss, small refrigerant consumption and light weight.
Illustratively, the gaseous refrigerant pipe orifice 14 is located above the wall surface of the left and right battery box walls 15, and the liquid refrigerant outlet 17 is located below the wall surface of the left and right battery box walls 15.
Illustratively, the contact part 21 of the cylindrical battery 16 and the front and rear battery box walls 20 is sealed by using a sealant.
Here, the sealing is performed by using a sealant in order to prevent leakage of a refrigerant, that is, a refrigerant flowing in the form of a liquid film in the battery case 1.
Illustratively, the external circulation system 2 includes a compressor 5, a gas-liquid separation device 4, a four-way valve 10, an external heat exchanger 6, a throttle valve 7, a first solenoid valve 31, a second solenoid valve 9, and a drive pump 8.
A first interface of the first electromagnetic valve 31 is connected with the liquid refrigerant inlet 23, and a second interface is connected with both a first interface of the driving pump 8 and a first interface of the throttle valve 7; a first interface of the second electromagnetic valve 9 is connected with the liquid refrigerant outlet 17, and a second interface is connected with a second interface of the driving pump 8; a second port of the throttle valve 7 is connected with a first port of the external heat exchanger 6; a first interface of the four-way valve 10 is connected with a gaseous refrigerant pipe orifice 14, a second interface is connected with a first interface of the gas-liquid separation device 4, a third interface is connected with a second port of the external heat exchanger 6, and a fourth port is connected with a first port of the compressor 5; and a second interface of the compressor 5 is connected with a second interface of the gas-liquid separation device 4.
Referring to fig. 1, the working flow of the embodiment of the present invention during refrigeration is as follows: the valve 31 is in an open state, and liquid refrigerant enters the battery box 1 through the pipeline 3 after passing through the throttle valve 7 and is sprayed on the outer shell of the cylindrical battery 16 through the spraying plate 13. The liquid refrigerant spreads on the sidewall surface of the cylindrical battery 16 and forms a liquid film, and the formed liquid film can cover the outer surface of the cylindrical battery 16. In the process, the refrigerant in the liquid film absorbs the heat generated by the cylindrical battery 16, and the refrigerant is subjected to phase change and is vaporized into a gas state. The gaseous refrigerant enters the flow path 0 through the gaseous refrigerant nozzle 14 at the upper part of the battery box 1. Then, the gaseous refrigerant passes through the gas-liquid separation device 4, enters the compressor 5, is changed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas, enters the external heat exchanger 6 again, is subjected to phase change condensation and releases heat, and finally is changed into a liquid refrigerant again. In addition, the unvaporized liquid refrigerant in the battery box 1 is accumulated at the bottom of the battery box 1, after the liquid level reaches a certain height, the electromagnetic valve 9 is opened, and the accumulated liquid refrigerant is discharged out of the system through the liquid refrigerant outlet 17 and is added into the battery box 1 again through the driving pump 8.
Referring to fig. 4, the working flow of the embodiment of the present invention during heating is as follows: the valve 31 is in a closed state and the four-way valve 10 closes the flow path as shown in the figure. The high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is discharged from the compressor 5 and enters the pipeline 0. Then, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the battery box 1, and is condensed and released heat on the outer wall surfaces of the plurality of cylindrical batteries 16, so that the cylindrical batteries 16 are heated. The liquid refrigerant formed by phase change is uniformly covered on the outer wall surface of the cylindrical battery 16 in the form of liquid film. The liquid refrigerant after condensation and heat release is accumulated at the bottom of the battery box 1, after the liquid level reaches a certain height, the electromagnetic valve 9 is opened, the accumulated liquid refrigerant is discharged out of the battery box 1 through the liquid-gas refrigerant pipe orifice 17, is driven by the driving pump 8, passes through the throttle valve 7, enters the heat exchanger 6, and is evaporated into the gas refrigerant. Then, the gaseous refrigerant passes through the gas-liquid separation device 4, enters the compressor 5, and finally is changed back to high-temperature and high-pressure gas again.
Illustratively, the refrigerant used in the external circulation system 2 and the battery box 1 is methanol, ethanol, a refrigerant model R22, a refrigerant model R32, a refrigerant model R134a, or a refrigerant model R410 a.
Methanol, ethanol, refrigerant model R22, refrigerant model R32, refrigerant model R134a, or refrigerant model R410a have good dielectric properties without damaging the outer wall structure and electrical insulation performance of the battery.
Illustratively, a plurality of battery packs are formed by horizontally placing the plurality of cylindrical batteries at preset intervals, and the plurality of battery packs are arranged in a staggered manner.
Referring to fig. 3, a structure of the battery box according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown after being disassembled. The distance and arrangement between the plurality of cylindrical cells 16 are substantially determined by the front and rear cell walls 20 of the cell case 1. Wherein the front and rear battery box walls 20 are formed with a plurality of cylindrical holes 22 having a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the outer casing of the cylindrical battery 16 so that the cylindrical battery 16 can be inserted therein. Round holes are also formed in the left and right battery box walls 15 of the battery box 1, wherein the upper round hole corresponds to the gaseous refrigerant pipe orifice 14, and the lower round hole corresponds to the liquid refrigerant outlet 17.
In practical application, the electrode parts at two ends of each cylindrical battery are exposed out of the battery box 1, wherein the length of the exposed section can be 3-10 mm.
The embodiment of the invention provides a refrigerant film type phase change temperature control method of an automobile battery, which is applied to the refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system of the embodiment and comprises the following steps:
and S10, if the temperature of the working environment of the automobile battery is detected to be higher than the high-temperature threshold value, entering a refrigeration working condition.
S11, controlling the spray plate to spray liquid refrigerants on the side wall surface of the cylindrical battery and spread the liquid refrigerants to form a liquid film, wherein the liquid film can cover the outer surface of the cylindrical battery; the coolant in the liquid film absorbs the heat generated by the cylindrical battery, and the phase change is carried out, so that the coolant is vaporized into gaseous coolant.
And S12, controlling the gaseous refrigerant to enter the external circulation system through the gaseous refrigerant pipe orifice.
And S13, accumulating the unvaporized liquid refrigerant in the battery box at the bottom of the battery box, and controlling the unvaporized liquid refrigerant to enter the external circulation system through the liquid refrigerant outlet after the liquid level reaches a certain height.
The embodiment of the invention particularly adopts the film type phase change technology, so that the temperature of the automobile battery is effectively controlled, the automobile battery is always in the optimal temperature range, and the efficient, stable and safe operation of the battery is ensured.
The embodiment of the invention provides a refrigerant film type phase change temperature control method of an automobile battery, which is applied to the refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system of the embodiment and comprises the following steps:
and S20, if the detected temperature of the working environment of the automobile battery is lower than the low-temperature threshold value, entering a heating working condition.
S21, controlling the gaseous refrigerant in the external circulation system to enter the battery box through the gaseous refrigerant pipe orifice; the gaseous refrigerant is condensed and phase-changed on the side wall surface of the cylindrical battery, and the gaseous refrigerant is phase-changed into liquid refrigerant which is attached to the wall surface of the cylindrical battery to form a liquid film.
And S22, accumulating the condensed heat-released liquid refrigerant at the bottom of the battery box, and controlling the liquid refrigerant to enter the external circulation system through the liquid refrigerant outlet after the liquid level reaches a certain height.
The embodiment of the invention particularly adopts the film type phase change technology, so that the temperature in the automobile battery is effectively controlled, the automobile battery is always in the optimal temperature range, and the efficient, stable and safe operation of the battery is ensured.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A refrigerant phase change temperature control system of an automobile battery is characterized by comprising an external circulation system and a battery box; the external circulation system is connected with the battery box;
the battery box comprises a plurality of cylindrical batteries, a battery box wall and a spray plate;
through a plurality of cylindrical holes arranged on the wall of the battery box, electrode parts at two ends of the plurality of cylindrical batteries are exposed out of the wall of the battery box;
the wall surface of the battery box wall is provided with a gas refrigerant pipe orifice and a liquid refrigerant outlet;
the spraying plate is arranged above the cylindrical battery, and a liquid refrigerant inlet is formed above the spraying plate and used for feeding liquid refrigerant into a spraying device of the spraying plate; and the surface of the spraying plate is provided with spray holes for spraying the liquid refrigerant.
2. The refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system according to claim 1, wherein the gaseous refrigerant pipe orifice is located above the wall surface of the battery box wall, and the liquid refrigerant outlet is located below the wall surface of the battery box wall.
3. The refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system according to claim 1, wherein the contact part of the cylindrical battery and the battery box wall is sealed by using a sealant.
4. The refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system according to claim 1, wherein the external circulation system comprises a compressor, a gas-liquid separation device, a four-way valve, an external heat exchanger, a throttle valve, a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve and a drive pump;
a first interface of the first electromagnetic valve is connected with the liquid refrigerant inlet, and a second interface of the first electromagnetic valve is connected with a first interface of the driving pump and a first interface of the throttle valve; a first interface of the second electromagnetic valve is connected with the liquid refrigerant outlet, and a second interface of the second electromagnetic valve is connected with a second interface of the driving pump; the second port of the throttle valve is connected with the first port of the external heat exchanger; a first interface of the four-way valve is connected with a pipe orifice of a gaseous refrigerant, a second interface of the four-way valve is connected with a first interface of the gas-liquid separation device, a third interface of the four-way valve is connected with a second port of the external heat exchanger, and a fourth port of the four-way valve is connected with a first port of the compressor; and the second interface of the compressor is connected with the second interface of the gas-liquid separation device.
5. The refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant used in the external circulation system and the battery box is methanol, ethanol, a refrigerant of type R22, a refrigerant of type R32, a refrigerant of type R134a, or a refrigerant of type R410 a.
6. The refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of battery packs are horizontally arranged among the plurality of cylindrical batteries at preset intervals, and the plurality of battery packs are arranged in a staggered manner.
7. A refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
if the temperature of the working environment of the automobile battery is detected to be higher than the high-temperature threshold value, entering a refrigeration working condition;
controlling the spray plate to spray a liquid refrigerant on the side wall surface of the cylindrical battery and spread the liquid refrigerant to form a liquid film, wherein the liquid film can coat the outer surface of the cylindrical battery; the refrigerant in the liquid film absorbs the heat generated by the cylindrical battery, and the phase change is carried out, so that the phase change is carried out and the refrigerant is vaporized into a gaseous refrigerant;
controlling the gaseous refrigerant to enter the external circulation system through the gaseous refrigerant pipe orifice;
the unvaporized liquid refrigerant in the battery box is accumulated at the bottom of the battery box, and the unvaporized liquid refrigerant is controlled to enter the external circulation system through the liquid refrigerant outlet after the liquid level reaches a certain height.
8. A refrigerant film type phase change temperature control system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
if the temperature of the working environment of the automobile battery is detected to be lower than the low-temperature threshold value, the heating working condition is entered;
controlling the gaseous refrigerant in the external circulation system to enter the battery box through the pipe orifice of the gaseous refrigerant; the gaseous refrigerant is condensed and phase-changed on the side wall surface of the cylindrical battery, and the gaseous refrigerant is phase-changed into liquid refrigerant which is attached to the wall surface of the cylindrical battery to form a liquid film;
and after the liquid refrigerant after condensation and heat release is accumulated at the bottom of the battery box, controlling the liquid refrigerant to enter the external circulation system through the liquid refrigerant outlet after the liquid level reaches a certain height.
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