CN112613112A - BIM development-based CAD (computer aided design) construction drawing reverse modeling method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a CAD (computer-aided design) construction drawing reverse modeling method based on BIM (building information modeling) development. The invention comprises the following steps: importing a CAD engineering drawing of a product, and extracting data of the CAD engineering drawing; presetting a CAD engineering drawing table extraction template, and marking the extracted information in a table; identifying the characteristics of the form extraction template, and forming form characteristic description according to the topological structure information; circularly identifying each formed form frame, reading in and identifying basic graphic element types and graphic attribute parameter information; and importing the parameter information into a BIM three-dimensional modeling tool, and obtaining a BIM three-dimensional model according to the control point coordinates. According to the invention, the CAD construction drawing is identified and extracted, and the parameter information obtained from the drawing is imported into the BIM three-dimensional modeling tool to form the three-dimensional model, so that the model manufacturing efficiency is improved, the CAD drawing can be displayed more intuitively, and the cost of the drawing can be estimated conveniently.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of design tool software, and particularly relates to a CAD (computer-aided design) construction drawing reverse modeling method based on BIM (building information modeling) development.
Background
The BIM model and the CAD are different in application fields, namely, the difference that one is drawn by a three-dimensional model and the other is displayed by a two-dimensional plane is different, and the model is built after software in each field is imported into the different fields in a plane graph DWG mode in the prior art, but the model is built again in many fields and modeling operation is repeated continuously.
Based on BIM software, the building ground engineering, the stair surface engineering, the step surface engineering, the skirting line engineering, the wall column surface engineering, the curtain wall engineering, the partition engineering, the ceiling engineering, the lighting ceiling engineering, the cabinet engineering, the decoration line engineering, the railing engineering, the canopy engineering, the heating ventilation, the water supply and drainage, the electrical and other mechanical and electrical professional engineering and the like can be drawn and modeled through a certain functional module. However, the project modeling is drawn by a hand-drawing method, if the original project has a drawing of a CAD version, the modeling needs to be carried out according to the CAD drawing, the modeling needs to be carried out according to the project structure, decoration and electromechanical drawings, certain attributes need to be given to the model, the workload is large, the time consumption is long, the modification is complex, and if the complete attributes of the model need to be given, the work is complex.
Each component of the BIM model contains a lot of information, the information is added in the process of designing the model, the purpose is to enable the BIM model to provide information from the model from the aspects of design to construction and operation management, and one BIM model already contains the whole design and construction drawing description in terms of design time, so that the data aspects of each drawing description are synchronous and consistent, each drawing description on the CAD is separated and independent in the past, thus, many troubles are caused in management, and information loss or errors occur under the management of multiple persons. Whether a CAD drawing can be imported or not, then BIM (building information modeling) is automatically identified and modeled, due to the fact that the CAD and the BIM are different in essence, even if the CAD and the BIM are converted into a BIM mode, a large number of model attributes are lost, information supplement is needed through a program, the imported CAD is used for assisting modeling, and the problem that the CAD drawing is reversely converted into the BIM is as follows:
1) after the CAD is imported into BIM software, part of the graphics primitives can be lost;
2) because the world of CAD is chaotic and not classified. The geometric information can be imported into the BIM world through IFC or STL format, but the BIM does not know which part is the floor and which part is the ceiling in order to distinguish categories from the CAD model;
3) the BIM model contains all the information of the energy quantization with different information, and can be basically covered. Firstly, the physical properties, size, length, width, area, density, voltage, current, heat transfer coefficient and illumination brightness of an object are measured; secondly, the relation between the object, the window will be pressed on the wall, and the socket follows the wall and walks, and the urinal needs the downcomer of company at the back, has the node between the girder, can also have the cost information afterwards. Typically linked to CSI numbers, which can be correlated with historical pricing information and then obtain real-time cost information to help the owner make informed decisions, however, CAD does not have such functionality.
Aiming at the problems, the functional module combination of the BIM-developed CAD drawing reverse batch modeling can improve the rapid modeling, the problems can be basically solved, the CAD part data is processed and can be given with attributes and information in batches after being converted into the BIM, the modeling speed can be greatly accelerated, the interconnection and intercommunication of the CAD and the BIM can be realized, the problem of reverse modeling can be solved, and the scheme design pricing is rapid and efficient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a CAD (computer-aided design) construction drawing reverse modeling method based on BIM (building information modeling) development, which is used for establishing a form frame set of a building by reversely identifying and extracting the CAD construction drawing and generating a BIM (building information modeling) three-dimensional model by utilizing parameter information of the drawing, thereby solving the problem that the existing CAD can not be converted into the BIM model.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a CAD (computer-aided design) construction drawing reverse modeling method based on BIM (building information modeling) development, which comprises the following steps of:
step S1: importing a CAD engineering drawing of a product, and extracting data of the CAD engineering drawing;
step S2: presetting a CAD engineering drawing table extraction template, and marking the extracted information in a table;
step S3: identifying the characteristics of the form extraction template, and forming form characteristic description according to the topological structure information;
step S4: circularly reading and identifying basic graphic element types and graphic attribute parameter information in the CAD design drawing to form a frame set of a form;
step S5: circularly identifying each formed form frame, reading in and identifying basic graphic element types and graphic attribute parameter information;
step S6: and importing the parameter information into a BIM three-dimensional modeling tool, and obtaining a BIM three-dimensional model according to the control point coordinates.
Preferably, in the step S1, the extracting the CAD engineering drawing needs to go through the following steps:
step one, data preprocessing: carrying out drawing standardization check, drawing framing and drawing coordinate registration on the CAD construction drawing;
step two, data extraction flow: identifying the building components of the checked CAD building drawings through the object identification codes, and acquiring the group codes and group value data of the building components;
step three, data extraction result: and fusing the extracted building component group code and group value information to acquire the information of each building component.
Preferably, the data extraction process includes the following steps:
step S11: calling an LISP command, and acquiring the primitive name of a related object based on the object identification code;
step S12: traversing the obtained primitive names, and outputting group codes and group value information of the custom objects line by line to realize extraction of layer object group code information;
step S13: extracting sub-components of the building component and acquiring sub-component information;
step S14: and storing the extracted construction group code and group value information according to floors.
Preferably, in step S2, the CAD drawing template generates a form graph, a form word, and a form cell filling rule according to the content of the CAD drawing; and simultaneously marking the material information and the type of the material information in the template.
Preferably, in step S2, the CAD drawing table extracting template includes a first drawing layer where the size number is located and a second drawing layer where the size data is located; and in the first layer, adding all the size numbers into corresponding columns of the size list, sequentially traversing all the size numbers in the size list, respectively extracting the size data closest to all the size numbers in the second layer, and adding the theoretical value, the upper and lower tolerance and the measured number indicated by all the size data into the corresponding columns of the size list.
Preferably, in step S3, the table features include the number of lines, connectivity, symbolic words, and dynamic extension characteristics of the table.
Preferably, in step S4, the step of forming the table frame set is as follows:
s41: judging basic graphic elements capable of forming the table according to the number, connectivity and dynamic ductility of the main lines in the table, and respectively forming a preliminary table frame set;
s42: if the preliminary table frame set generated in the step S41 is empty, ending the table frame identification of this time, executing the step S4, and if not empty, executing the step S43;
s43: based on the symbolic words and table topology, matching table frames are identified from the preliminary table frame set generated in step S41 and a matching table frame set is formed.
Preferably, in step S5, the step of identifying each table frame in a loop is as follows:
s51: identifying basic graphic element types and graphic attributes in each cell of the table line by line circularly according to the extension direction of the table to generate character description information;
s52: judging whether the text description information is material information or not according to filling rules, if so, executing S53, and if not, deleting;
s53: and judging the plane position and the graphic expression of the material information in the CAD design drawing by the user by using the human-computer interface so as to determine the accuracy of the material information extraction, and storing the confirmed material information into a database.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the CAD construction drawing is identified and extracted, various graphic element types and image attribute parameter information in the drawing are obtained, a frame set of a table is formed, the parameter information of construction is formed through cyclic identification, and the parameter information is led into a BIM three-dimensional modeling tool to form a three-dimensional model, so that the model manufacturing efficiency is improved, the CAD drawing can be displayed more visually, and the cost of the drawing can be estimated conveniently.
(2) According to the invention, rapid modeling is improved through the functional module combination based on the reverse batch modeling of the CAD drawing developed based on BIM, the problems can be basically solved, and attributes and information can be given in batches after the data of the CAD part is processed and converted into BIM, so that the modeling speed can be greatly increased, the interconnection and intercommunication between CAD and BIM can be realized, the problem of reverse modeling can be solved, and the scheme design pricing is rapid and efficient.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a step diagram of a CAD construction drawing reverse modeling method based on BIM development of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a step diagram of extracting CAD engineering drawings;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of data extraction;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the steps for forming a set of form frames;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the steps of identifying each form frame in a loop.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention is a reverse modeling method for a CAD construction drawing based on BIM development, including the following steps:
step S1: importing a CAD engineering drawing of a product, and extracting data of the CAD engineering drawing;
step S2: presetting a CAD engineering drawing table extraction template, and marking the extracted information in a table;
step S3: identifying the characteristics of the form extraction template, and forming form characteristic description according to the topological structure information;
step S4: circularly reading and identifying basic graphic element types and graphic attribute parameter information in the CAD design drawing to form a frame set of a form;
step S5: circularly identifying each formed form frame, reading in and identifying basic graphic element types and graphic attribute parameter information;
step S6: and importing the parameter information into a BIM three-dimensional modeling tool, and obtaining a BIM three-dimensional model according to the control point coordinates.
Referring to fig. 2, in step S1, the following steps are required to extract the CAD engineering drawing:
step one, data preprocessing: carrying out drawing standardization check, drawing framing and drawing coordinate registration on the CAD construction drawing;
step two, data extraction flow: identifying the building components of the checked CAD building drawings through the object identification codes, and acquiring the group codes and group value data of the building components;
step three, data extraction result: and fusing the extracted building component group code and group value information to acquire the information of each building component.
When the information of each building component of the CAD engineering drawing is identified, the title bar data, the detailed list data and the summary list data in the engineering drawing are identified and compared, whether the drawing is standard and whether the marking is correct or not is judged, and the extracted data is made into a part information table and an assembly information table; the geometric information of the part is the graphic information of the part, including the geometric shape, the size and the like of the part; the process design information includes various information such as the precision, roughness, heat treatment requirements, material and blank type of the part surface.
Referring to fig. 3, the data extraction process includes the following steps:
step S11: calling an LISP command, and acquiring the primitive name of a related object based on the object identification code;
step S12: traversing the obtained primitive names, and outputting group codes and group value information of the custom objects line by line to realize extraction of layer object group code information;
step S13: extracting sub-components of the building component and acquiring sub-component information; partial building construction can exist, for example, a linear stair section and a stair handrail are components of a dual-run stair, and the dual-run stair, the linear stair section and the stair handrail have a mutual aggregation relation.
Step S14: and storing the extracted construction group code and group value information according to floors.
In step S2, the CAD drawing template generates form graphics, form characters, and form cell filling rules according to the content of the CAD drawing; and simultaneously marking the material information and the type of the material information in the template.
In step S2, the CAD drawing template includes a first drawing layer where the size number is located and a second drawing layer where the size data is located; in the first layer, adding each size number to a corresponding column of the size list, sequentially traversing each size number in the size list, respectively extracting the size data closest to each size number in the second layer, and adding the theoretical value, the upper and lower tolerance and the measurement number indicated by each size data to the corresponding column of the size list.
In step S3, the table features include the number of lines, connectivity, symbolic words, and dynamic extension characteristics of the table.
Such as the start and end points of straight line segments, the insertion point and contents of characters, etc., and identifies the table frames from the table features formed at S3, thereby forming a set of table frames. The core idea is to identify and judge which straight line segments and characters are the components of the material table, for example, the principle of identification and judgment may be: calculating and solving the intersection point of one straight line segment and other straight line segments, wherein if the number of the intersection points on one straight line segment is more than or equal to the minimum number of the intersection points in the template, the intersection points are possible to be line segment elements forming the table frame; the straight line segments forming the table frame can be formed only if the intersection sequence on one line segment meets the intersection arrangement sequence on the corresponding straight line segment of the table extraction template or meets the calculation rule.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
referring to fig. 4, step S31: judging basic graphic elements capable of forming the table according to the number, connectivity and dynamic ductility of the main lines in the table, and respectively forming a preliminary table frame set;
step S32: if the preliminary table frame set generated in step S31 is empty, ending the table frame identification of this time, executing step S4, and if not empty, executing step S33: (ii) a
Step S33: from the preliminary table-frame set generated in step S31, matching table frames are identified and a matching table-frame set is formed, based on the identifying text (which in this example includes "label", "standard drawing number (or affiliated drawing number)", "name", "specification", "quantity", "material code", etc.) and the table topology.
In consideration of the error in the matching determination, a threshold value for the matching determination is also set in advance when the matching table frame is performed. Before the first form frame is identified, the form description features formed in step S3 may be used for matching judgment, and after the first form frame is obtained, the distance features of the form constituent elements are recalculated, which ensures that the same type of form with semantic association in the same CAD design drawing is correctly identified.
Referring to fig. 5, in step S4, the step of forming the table frame set is as follows:
s41: judging basic graphic elements capable of forming the table according to the number, connectivity and dynamic ductility of the main lines in the table, and respectively forming a preliminary table frame set;
s42: if the preliminary table frame set generated in the step S41 is empty, ending the table frame identification of this time, executing the step S4, and if not empty, executing the step S43;
s43: based on the symbolic words and table topology, matching table frames are identified from the preliminary table frame set generated in step S41 and a matching table frame set is formed.
In step S5, the step of cyclically identifying each form frame is as follows:
s51: identifying basic graphic element types and graphic attributes in each cell of the table line by line circularly according to the extension direction of the table to generate character description information; specifically, for basic graphic element types, characters are combined according to a specific sequence to generate direct generation character descriptions, and for other types of basic graphic elements, the context semantics of the basic graphic elements are converted into the character descriptions according to filling rules and topological relations of tables.
S52: judging whether the text description information is material information or not according to the filling rule, if so, executing S53, and if not, deleting; judging whether the character description information is material information or not according to filling rules, if the character description information is a graph in a cell, converting the straight line segment into a null character string according to table semantics; for another example, if the cell itself is empty, it needs to determine whether the material information described by the cell is empty or the numerical value of the cell in the same column in the previous row or the next row according to the filling rule constraint set by the table extraction template and the data feature of the current row. And (4) reserving the text information which is the material information, and deleting the text information which is not the material information.
S53: and judging the plane position and the graphic expression of the material information in the CAD design drawing by the user by using the human-computer interface so as to determine the accuracy of the material information extraction, and storing the confirmed material information into a database. The user judges the plane position and the graphic expression of the material information in the CAD design drawing to determine the accuracy of the material information extraction, and particularly, the unit grid material information with inaccuracy in the identification process is expressed by using a specific graphic, such as reverse color display of extracted material characters and the like, so that the user is reminded to confirm the extraction result. After the user confirms the extracted material information, the extracted material information needs to be stored in a corresponding database according to the numerical type and the filling rule convention in the table extraction template.
The system for realizing the CAD construction drawing reverse modeling method based on BIM development comprises a form extraction template generation module, a form extraction template identification module, a form extraction template characteristic analysis module, a form frame set generation module, a form frame set element identification module and a BIM modeling module; the table extraction template generation module is used for generating a table graph, a table character and a table unit filling rule by graphic software according to graphic contents of a drawing, so that a table extraction template is generated, material information in the template is labeled, the table extraction template is stored in a database, and the table extraction template also describes a topological structure between a variable part and a fixed part in a table; the form extraction template identification module is used for reading and identifying basic graphic element type information, graphic attribute parameter information, rule description information and topological structure information contained in the form extraction template; the table extraction template feature analysis module is used for analyzing the features of the table extraction template and forming table feature description according to topological structure information; the table frame set generation module is used for circularly reading and identifying basic graphic element types and graphic attribute parameter information in the CAD design drawing, and identifying a table frame according to table features formed by the table extraction template feature analysis module to form a table frame set; the table frame set element identification module is used for circularly identifying elements of each table frame set, reading in and identifying basic graphic element types and graphic attribute parameter information, wherein the basic graphic elements are straight line segments, characters or characters, and the graphic attribute parameter information is a starting point and an ending point when the basic graphic elements are drawn; the material information extraction module is used for obtaining filling rule information and a table topological structure according to the graphic element type, the graphic attribute parameter information and the table extraction template identification module, extracting material information and storing the material information into a database; and the BIM modeling module is used for importing the parameter information into a BIM three-dimensional modeling tool and obtaining a BIM three-dimensional model according to the control point coordinates.
It should be noted that, in the above system embodiment, each included unit is only divided according to functional logic, but is not limited to the above division as long as the corresponding function can be implemented; in addition, specific names of the functional units are only for convenience of distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, it is understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the embodiments described above may be implemented by a program instructing associated hardware, and the corresponding program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A CAD (computer aided design) construction drawing reverse modeling method based on BIM (building information modeling) development is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: importing a CAD engineering drawing of a product, and extracting data of the CAD engineering drawing;
step S2: presetting a CAD engineering drawing table extraction template, and marking the extracted information in a table;
step S3: identifying the characteristics of the form extraction template, and forming form characteristic description according to the topological structure information;
step S4: circularly reading and identifying basic graphic element types and graphic attribute parameter information in the CAD design drawing to form a frame set of a form;
step S5: circularly identifying each formed form frame, reading in and identifying basic graphic element types and graphic attribute parameter information;
step S6: and importing the parameter information into a BIM three-dimensional modeling tool, and obtaining a BIM three-dimensional model according to the control point coordinates.
2. The reverse modeling method for the CAD construction drawing based on BIM development as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the following steps are required for extracting the CAD engineering drawing:
step one, data preprocessing: carrying out drawing standardization check, drawing framing and drawing coordinate registration on the CAD construction drawing;
step two, data extraction flow: identifying the building components of the checked CAD building drawings through the object identification codes, and acquiring the group codes and group value data of the building components;
step three, data extraction result: and fusing the extracted building component group code and group value information to acquire the information of each building component.
3. The BIM development-based CAD construction drawing reverse modeling method according to claim 2, wherein said data extraction process comprises the following steps:
step S11: calling an LISP command, and acquiring the primitive name of a related object based on the object identification code;
step S12: traversing the obtained primitive names, and outputting group codes and group value information of the custom objects line by line to realize extraction of layer object group code information;
step S13: extracting sub-components of the building component and acquiring sub-component information;
step S14: and storing the extracted construction group code and group value information according to floors.
4. The reverse modeling method for the CAD construction drawing based on BIM development as recited in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the CAD engineering drawing grid extraction template generates the grid graph, the grid text and the grid cell filling rule according to the content of the CAD drawing; and simultaneously marking the material information and the type of the material information in the template.
5. The reverse modeling method for the CAD construction drawing based on BIM development as recited in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the CAD engineering drawing grid extraction template includes a first drawing layer with a size number and a second drawing layer with size data; and in the first layer, adding all the size numbers into corresponding columns of the size list, sequentially traversing all the size numbers in the size list, respectively extracting the size data closest to all the size numbers in the second layer, and adding the theoretical value, the upper and lower tolerance and the measured number indicated by all the size data into the corresponding columns of the size list.
6. The BIM-development-based CAD construction drawing reverse modeling method according to claim 1, wherein in said step S3, the form features include the number of lines, connectivity, symbolic words and dynamic extension characteristics of the form.
7. The BIM development-based CAD construction drawing reverse modeling method according to claim 1, wherein in said step S4, the step of forming the table frame set is as follows:
s41: judging basic graphic elements capable of forming the table according to the number, connectivity and dynamic ductility of the main lines in the table, and respectively forming a preliminary table frame set;
s42: if the preliminary table frame set generated in the step S41 is empty, ending the table frame identification of this time, executing the step S4, and if not empty, executing the step S43;
s43: based on the symbolic words and table topology, matching table frames are identified from the preliminary table frame set generated in step S41 and a matching table frame set is formed.
8. The BIM development-based CAD construction drawing reverse modeling method according to claim 1, wherein in said step S5, the step of circularly identifying each form frame is as follows:
s51: identifying basic graphic element types and graphic attributes in each cell of the table line by line circularly according to the extension direction of the table to generate character description information;
s52: judging whether the text description information is material information or not according to filling rules, if so, executing S53, and if not, deleting;
s53: and judging the plane position and the graphic expression of the material information in the CAD design drawing by the user by using the human-computer interface so as to determine the accuracy of the material information extraction, and storing the confirmed material information into a database.
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CN116702298A (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-09-05 | 全屋优品科技(深圳)有限公司 | Model construction method and system for interior decoration design |
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CN117011543A (en) * | 2023-10-08 | 2023-11-07 | 杭州筑峰科技有限公司 | Drawing identification method based on section bar |
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