CN112611255B

CN112611255B - Artillery locking machine shell-pulling test device and test method

Info

Publication number: CN112611255B
Application number: CN202011419608.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏文明; 郝坤鹏; 王梅; 曲振森; 苏高峰; 辛春虹; 杜小龙; 赵亚鹏; 成玲; 赵艳婷; 张冬红
Original assignee: Xi'an Kunlun Industry Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Xi'an Kunlun Industry Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-06
Filing date: 2020-12-06
Publication date: 2022-11-22
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-06
Also published as: CN112611255A

Abstract

The invention relates to a shell drawing test device and a test method for a gun locking machine, wherein a cam mechanism and a spring are combined to simulate shell drawing force of live ammunition shooting; the force of the spring is finally transmitted between the simulation locking machine and the simulation cartridge case, so that the loading of the shell drawing force is simulated, and the aim of simulating a live ammunition shooting shell drawing test by a non-live ammunition shooting shell drawing test is fulfilled; the invention carries out strength and fatigue tests on the locking machine grapple, finds and improves design and process defects, and can improve the service life and reliability of parts. Meanwhile, the research and development cost is reduced, the test efficiency is improved, and the research and development progress is promoted.

Description

Artillery locking machine shell-pulling test device and test method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of artillery, and particularly relates to a shell-pulling test device and a shell-pulling test method for an artillery locking machine.

Background

The locking machine of the artillery is a key part for the artillery with a medium or small caliber, and is used for pushing a shell of the artillery into a bore, sealing gunpowder gas, bearing gunpowder pressure and drawing the shell, and after the shell is fired, a cartridge is required to be drawn out of the bore (namely, the shell is drawn). The shell drawing structure of the locking machine is compact, the shell grabbing hook part of the locking machine is subjected to larger impact load, cracks and even fractures are easy to occur, serious failure of an artillery is caused, shooting is stopped, and a large number of parts can be damaged, so that the design of the shell grabbing hook part is very critical. The structural design and the material selection are often main factors influencing the strength and the fatigue life of the locking machine. The feasibility of the design needs to be verified by experiments. In the past, the design is verified through a ball firing test, defects are found, and improvement is carried out. The live firing test needs a large amount of ammunition and a plurality of gun models, and has high cost. It is a difficult point how to develop a non-live-fire test that can simulate real loads for simulating live-fire firing.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention solves the technical problems that: in order to solve the problems that whether the shell drawing structure of the locking machine meets the requirements or not and the cost is high by adopting live ammunition shooting verification in the prior art, the invention provides the shell drawing test device of the gun locking machine

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a shell drawing test device for a gun locking machine comprises a cam, a bearing with a gear ring, a connector, a push rod spring combination, a speed reducer, a motor, a simulation cartridge case and a simulation locking machine;

the bearing with the gear ring is positioned between the cam and the bracket, and the cam can coaxially rotate with the bearing with the gear ring;

the push rod and spring combination comprises a cylindrical sleeve, a sleeve base, a spring, a push rod and a roller; one end of the cylindrical sleeve is fixedly connected with one side of the sleeve base; the spring is positioned in the cylindrical sleeve and can slide in the sleeve; one end of the spring is contacted with the sleeve base, the other end of the spring is connected with one end of the push rod, the other end of the push rod is connected with the roller, and the roller is kept in rolling contact with the cam profile curve; the spring elasticity variation curve is consistent with the cam working curve; the other side of the sleeve base is fixedly connected with one end of the connecting body;

the simulation cartridge is connected with the connecting body through the first connecting piece and is not contacted with the connecting body; the simulation locking machine can be connected with one end of the simulation cartridge, and the simulation locking machine is connected with the other end of the connecting body through a second connecting piece; the simulation cartridge central axis coincides with the simulation lockout central axis;

the motor is fixedly connected with the speed reducer, and a gear of the speed reducer is meshed with a bearing with a gear ring.

The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the connector is a U-shaped piece, wherein the closed end is fixedly connected with the other side of the sleeve base.

The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the first connecting piece is a first pin shaft 8, the second connecting piece is a second pin shaft, the first pin shaft and the second pin shaft penetrate through the side wall of the connecting body, and the axes of the first pin shaft and the second pin shaft are parallel to each other and are perpendicular to the axis of the connecting body.

The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the bearing with the gear ring comprises a lower ring, an upper ring, a gear ring and balls, wherein the lower ring, the upper ring and the gear ring are coaxially arranged, and the upper ring and the lower ring are fixed at the top of the bracket through fixing the lower ring by bolts; the gear ring is positioned at the inner side of the lower ring and the upper ring, a track is formed between the gear ring and the lower ring and the upper ring, and the ball is positioned in the track.

The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the bracket comprises a first bracket body, a second bracket body, a first support and a second support; the first bracket body is an annular body, and the second bracket body is fixedly connected to the side surface of the first bracket body; the first support and the second support are located on the second support body and are used for supporting the first pin shaft and the push rod spring combination respectively.

The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the simulation cartridge is integrally a cylindrical body, a through hole is formed in the side wall of the simulation cartridge, and the axis of the through hole is perpendicular to the central axis of the simulation cartridge and used for mounting a first pin shaft; one end of the cylindrical body is provided with an annular groove along the circumferential direction of the axis.

The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: one end of the simulation locking machine is a cylindrical body, a through hole is formed in the side wall of the simulation locking machine, and the axis of the through hole is perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical body and used for mounting a second pin shaft; the other end of the simulation locking machine is a grapple, and the grapple is matched with the annular groove for fixed connection.

The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the pressure of the maximum working stroke of the spring is the same as the actual peak value of the shell pulling force.

The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a test method of a shell pulling test device of a gun locking machine comprises the following steps:

step 1: the external control system sends a starting instruction, and the motor drives the bearing with the gear ring to rotate in a meshed mode through the speed reducer;

and 2, step: the cam drives the roller to rotate, so that the push rod moves axially;

and step 3: when the push rod moves, the spring is compressed and pushes the sleeve base;

and 4, step 4: the sleeve base pushes the connecting body to slide;

and 5: the spring elasticity is transmitted between the simulation locking machine and the simulation cartridge along with the movement of the cam and the force transmission path in the

steps

3 and 4, and the change curve of the spring elasticity is consistent with the working curve of the cam;

and 6: the change rule of the actual shell pulling force along with the time is simulated through the working curve of the cam.

Effects of the invention

The invention has the technical effects that:

1. the reliability of the artillery is improved, and the service life of parts is prolonged. The strength and fatigue test is carried out on the locking machine grapple, the design and process defects are found and improved, and the service life and the reliability of parts can be improved.

2. And the research and development cost is reduced. In the prior art, a large amount of ammunition is needed in a live ammunition shooting test, the service life of a locking machine is supposed to be 1000, at least 1000 ammunitions need to be shot for verification, each 1000 yuan of ammunition needs 100 ten thousand yuan, and in addition, the renting cost, the personnel traveling cost and the like of an external live ammunition shooting test field are needed, so the cost is higher; the device only needs to be specially manufactured, costs about 50 ten thousand yuan, can be implemented only in a factory, does not need to be carried out in an external ball firing test field, and can greatly reduce the test cost;

3. the test efficiency is improved. In the live-fire test, the test generally can not be successful once, and needs to be repeated, for live-fire, the test needs to be transported and debugged for many times, and the test in the field generally needs about 10 days once; the device of the invention is used for shooting verification test, and the time is about 1 day each time.

4. Promoting the development progress. Once the firing practice breaks down, other parts are often damaged, a large number of parts are newly assembled and debugged, long time and energy are needed, and the development progress is slowed. By adopting the device, the strength and fatigue test is only carried out on the latch hook of the locking machine, other parts are not involved, and the other parts are not damaged, so that the progress of the test of the whole machine is not influenced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the shell pulling test device of the gun locking device of the present invention

FIG. 2 is a top view of the artillery breech block shell-pulling test device of the invention shown in FIG. 1

FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the artillery breech block shell-pulling test device of the invention shown in FIG. 2

FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the shell pulling test device of the gun locking machine of the present invention

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the cam in fig. 4.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the bearing with the ring gear in FIG. 4

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 6

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the stent of FIG. 4

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of the connecting body of FIG. 4

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the push rod spring assembly of FIG. 4

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the pusher spring assembly of FIG. 10

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the reducer of FIG. 4

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of the motor of FIG. 4

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the first pin in FIG. 4

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the structure of the simulated cartridge of FIG. 4

FIG. 16 is a structural diagram of the second pin in FIG. 4

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the analog latch of FIG. 4

In the figure, 1-cam 1, 2-bearing with gear ring, 3-bracket, 4-connector, 5-push rod spring combination, 6-reducer, 7-motor, 8-first pin, 9-simulation cartridge, 10-second pin, 11-simulation locking machine 12-I bracket, 13-II bracket, 14-upper ring, 15-ball, 16-lower ring, 17-gear ring, 18-I bracket body, 19-II bracket body; 20-sleeve base, 21-spring 22-push rod, 23-roller, 24-cylindrical sleeve

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-17, the present invention employs a combination of a cam mechanism and a spring to simulate a shell-pulling force for live ammunition shooting; the cam 1 is driven to rotate through the motor 7 and the speed reducer, the cam 1 rotates to push the push rod 22 provided with the roller 23 to do linear motion, the push rod 22 compresses one end of the spring 21 when moving, the spring 21 slides inside the spring sleeve, the other end of the spring 21 is pressed on the spring sleeve base 20, the spring sleeve base 20 is fixedly connected with the connecting body 4 through the bolt, the connecting body 4 is provided with a second pin shaft 10, the second pin shaft 10 is connected with the simulation locking machine 11, a grapple of the simulation locking machine 11 is in contact with the simulation medicine cylinder 9, the simulation medicine cylinder 9 is fixed on two I-th supports 12 through a first pin shaft 8, and the I-th supports are fixedly connected with the support 3 through the bolt. The force of the spring 21 is thus finally transmitted between the simulation dead bolt 11 and the simulation cartridge 9, so that the loading of the ejection force is simulated, and the aim of simulating a live-fire ejection test in a non-live-fire ejection test is achieved.

A shell pulling test device for a gun locking machine comprises a cam 1, a bearing 2 with a gear ring, a bracket 3, a connector 4, a push rod spring combination 5, a speed reducer 6, a motor 7, a first pin shaft 8, a simulation cartridge case 9, a second pin shaft 10, a simulation locking machine 11, an I support 12 and an II support 13; the shell of the motor 7 is fixedly connected with the shell of the speed reducer 6 through bolts; the speed reducer 6 is fixed on the bracket 3 through bolts; the bearing 2 with the gear ring consists of an upper ring 14, a ball 15, a lower ring 15 and a lower ring 16, wherein the upper ring 14 is fixedly connected with the lower ring 16 through a bolt, the ball 15 is arranged in a track formed among the upper ring 14, the lower ring 15, the lower ring 16 and the gear ring 17, and the gear ring 17 can rotate relative to the lower ring 16; the lower ring 16 of the bearing 2 with the gear ring is fixed on the top of the bracket 3 through bolts, and the gear ring 17 of the bearing can do rotary motion by being meshed with the gear of the speed reducer 6; the cam 1 is fixed on the upper part of a gear ring 17 of the bearing 2 with the gear ring and rotates together with the gear ring 17; the push rod spring combination 5 is arranged in the two II supports 13 on the bracket 3 and can slide, the spring sleeve base 20 of the push rod spring combination is fixedly connected with the closed end of the connecting body 4 through a bolt, a roller 23 on one end of a push rod 22 of the push rod spring combination is directly contacted with the cam 1, and a spring 21 is arranged in the spring sleeve base 20 and is contacted with the push rod 22; a second pin shaft 10 penetrates through a through hole in the side wall of one end of the simulation locking machine 11, and two ends of the second pin shaft 10 are respectively arranged on pin holes which are symmetrical at the opening end of the connecting body 4; the side wall of the connecting body 4 close to the closed end is symmetrically provided with a long hole, and the first pin shaft 8 penetrates through the long hole and can slide along the hole; two ends of the first pin shaft 8 are respectively and fixedly arranged on the I-th support seats 12 which are symmetrically arranged; the middle part of the simulation cartridge 9 is provided with a hole, and the first pin shaft 8 penetrates through the hole on the simulation cartridge 9; the groove at one end of the simulation cartridge 9 is contacted with the grapple at the other end of the simulation locking machine 11 and is hooked by the grapple; the motor 7 is connected with an external control system, and the rotating speed is controlled through the control system.

Referring to fig. 5, the cam 1 is made of steel, and the cam 1 is fixed on the top of a gear ring 17 of a bearing 2 with a gear ring and rotates together with the gear ring 17; the working curve of the cam can simulate the change rule of the actual shell pulling force along with time.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the toothed ring bearing 2 comprises a lower ring 16, an upper ring 14, a gear ring 17 and balls 15, and is made of steel; the upper ring 14 and the lower ring 16 are fixed through bolts, and the lower ring 16 is fixed at the top of the bracket 3; the gear ring 17 with the gear ring bearing 2 is meshed with a gear of the speed reducer 6 to perform rotary motion;

referring to fig. 8, the bracket 3 includes an I-bracket body 18, an II-bracket body 19, an I-bracket 12 and an II-bracket 13, the I-bracket body 18 and the II-bracket body 19 are formed by welding channel steel and steel plates, the I-bracket body 18 is columnar as a whole, the II-bracket body 19 is square as a whole, and the II-bracket body 19 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the I-bracket body 18; the top of the II-th support body 19 is fixedly connected with a group of I support 12 and II support 13, and the position of the I support 12 is vertical to the position of the II support 13; the first support 12 is used for supporting the first pin shaft 8, and the second support 13 is used for supporting the push rod spring combination 5;

referring to fig. 9; the connecting body 4 is integrally U-shaped and made of steel, a group of through holes and a group of strip holes are symmetrically formed in two side walls of the connecting body, the through holes are used for mounting the second pin shafts 10, and the strip holes are used for supporting the first pin shafts 8 and allowing the large pin shafts 8 to slightly slide.

Refer to fig. 10, 11; the push rod spring combination 5 comprises a cylindrical sleeve 24, a sleeve base 20, a spring 21, a push rod 22 and a roller 23; the spring 21 is positioned inside the cylindrical sleeve 24 and can slide, one end of the spring 21 is pressed on the sleeve base 20, and the other end of the spring is contacted with one end of the push rod 22; a roller 23 is arranged at the other end of the push rod 22, and the roller 23 is in direct contact with the cam 1; the sleeve base 20 is fixedly connected with the closed end of the connecting body 4 through a bolt; the pressure of the maximum working stroke of the spring 21 is the same as the actual peak value of the shell pulling force.

Referring to fig. 12; the speed reducer 6 is universal equipment and can be self-made.

Referring to fig. 13; the motor 7 is a general device.

Referring to fig. 14; the first pin 8, made of steel, is used to fix the dummy cartridge 9 to the ith seat 12.

Referring to fig. 15; a simulation cartridge 9 for simulating a real cartridge; the simulation cartridge is integrally columnar, a through hole is formed in the side wall of the simulation cartridge, and the axis of the through hole is perpendicular to the central axis of the simulation cartridge 9 and used for mounting a first pin shaft 8; one end of the simulation cartridge case 9 is provided with a groove, the structure and the material of the groove are completely the same as the appearance of the actual cannonball, and the material is steel or copper; the groove of one end of the dummy cartridge 9 is in contact with the catch part of the dummy latch 11 and is caught by the catch; the other end of the simulated cartridge 9 is always out of contact with the connecting body.

Referring to fig. 16; the second pin 10, which is made of steel, serves to fix the dummy lock 11 to the connection body 4.

Referring to fig. 17; a simulation locking machine 11 for simulating a real locking machine; the material of the simulation locking machine 11 is the same as that of the real locking machine, the simulation locking machine is made of steel, one end of the simulation locking machine is a columnar body, a through hole is formed in the side wall of the columnar body, and the through hole is used for mounting a second pin shaft 10; the other end of the simulation locking machine 11 is provided with a grapple, and the structure of the simulation locking machine is the same as that of a grapple of a real locking machine; after the installation, a groove portion at one end of the dummy cartridge 9 is in contact with the catch portion of the dummy latch 11.

The transmission process comprises the following steps: when an external control system sends a starting instruction, the motor 7 drives the gear ring bearing 2 and the cam 1 to rotate through the speed reducer 6, the cam 1 rotates and pushes the push rod 22 of the push rod spring combination 5 to do linear motion, the spring 21 is compressed when the push rod 22 moves, and the spring 21 pushes the connecting body 4 to slide towards the direction close to the simulated cartridge; since one end of the simulation cartridge 9 is hooked by the grapple of the simulation locking machine 11, the simulation cartridge 9 is fixed on the two I-th supports 12 by the first pin 8; the elasticity of the spring is transmitted to the simulation cartridge 9 sequentially through the connecting body 4, the second pin shaft 10 and the simulation locking machine 11; the cam working curve can simulate the law that the actual shell pulling force changes along with time, and whether the structural strength of the catch hook part of the locking machine meets the design requirement or not is verified through simulating the loading of the shell pulling force.

Claims

1. A shell drawing test device of a gun locking machine is characterized by comprising a cam (1), a bearing (2) with a toothed ring, a connector (4), a push rod spring combination (5), a speed reducer (6), a motor (7), a simulation cartridge case (9) and a simulation locking machine (11);

the bearing (2) with the gear ring is positioned between the cam (1) and the bracket (3), and the cam (1) can coaxially rotate with the bearing (2) with the gear ring;

the push rod spring combination (5) comprises a cylindrical sleeve (24), a sleeve base (20), a spring (21), a push rod (22) and a roller (23); one end of the cylindrical sleeve (24) is fixedly connected with one side of the sleeve base (20); the spring (21) is positioned in the cylindrical sleeve (24) and can slide in the cylindrical sleeve (24); one end of a spring (21) is in contact with the sleeve base (20), the other end of the spring is connected with one end of a push rod (22), the other end of the push rod (22) is connected with a roller (23), and the roller (23) is in rolling contact with the contour curve of the cam (1); the spring elasticity variation curve is consistent with the cam working curve; the other side of the sleeve base (20) is fixedly connected with one end of the connecting body (4);

the simulation cartridge (9) is connected with the connecting body (4) through a first connecting piece and is not contacted with the connecting body (4); the simulation locking machine (11) is connected with one end of the simulation medicine cylinder (9), and the simulation locking machine (11) is connected with the other end of the connecting body (4) through a second connecting piece; the simulation cartridge (9) central axis coincides with the simulation fastener (11) central axis;

the motor (7) is fixedly connected with the speed reducer (6), and a gear of the speed reducer (6) is meshed with the bearing (2) with the gear ring.

2. The artillery breech lock shell test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting body (4) is a U-shaped piece, wherein the closed end is fixedly connected with the other side of the sleeve base (20).

3. A artillery breech block shell-pulling test device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first connecting piece is a first pin (8), the second connecting piece is a second pin (10), and the first pin (8) and the second pin (10) both penetrate through the side wall of the connecting body (4), and the axes of the first pin and the second pin are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the axis of the connecting body (4).

4. The artillery breech block shell drawing test device according to claim 1, wherein the bearing (2) with the gear ring comprises a lower ring (16), an upper ring (14), the gear ring (17) and balls (15), wherein the lower ring (16), the upper ring (14) and the gear ring (17) are coaxially arranged, and the upper ring (14) and the lower ring (16) are fixed through bolts; the lower ring (16) is fixed on the top of the bracket (3); the gear ring (17) is positioned inside the lower ring (16) and the upper ring (14) and forms a track with the lower ring (16) and the upper ring (14), and the balls (15) are positioned in the track.

5. A artillery breech block case-pulling test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bracket (3) comprises an I bracket body (18), an II bracket body (19), an I support (12), an II support (13); the first support body (18) is an annular body, and the second support body (19) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the first support body (18); the first support (12) and the second support (13) are located on the second support body (19) and are used for supporting the first pin shaft (8) and the push rod spring assembly (5) respectively.

6. The artillery breech-block shell-pulling test device according to claim 1, wherein the simulation cartridge (9) is a cylindrical body as a whole, a through hole is formed in the side wall, and the axis of the through hole is perpendicular to the central axis of the simulation cartridge (9) and is used for installing the first pin shaft (8); one end of the cylindrical body is provided with an annular groove along the circumferential direction of the axis.

7. The artillery breech block shell pulling test device according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that one end of the simulation breech block (11) is a cylindrical body, the side wall of the simulation breech block is provided with a through hole, and the axis of the through hole is perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical body and is used for installing a second pin shaft (10); the other end of the simulation locking machine (11) is a grapple, and the grapple is matched with the annular groove to be fixedly connected.

8. A artillery breech lock shell extraction test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure of the maximum working stroke of the spring (21) is the same as the actual peak value of the shell extraction force.

9. The method for testing the artillery breech lock shell drawing test device based on claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step 1: an external control system sends a starting instruction, and a motor (7) drives a bearing (2) with a gear ring to rotate in a meshed mode through a speed reducer (6);

and 2, step: the cam (1) drives the roller (23) to rotate, so that the push rod (22) moves axially;

and step 3: when the push rod (22) moves, the spring (21) is compressed, and the spring (21) pushes the sleeve base (20);

and 4, step 4: the sleeve base (20) pushes the connecting body (4) to slide;

and 5: the elasticity of the spring (21) is transmitted between the simulation locking machine (11) and the simulation medicine cylinder (9) along with the movement of the cam (1) and the force transmission path of the step 3 and the step 4, and the change curve of the elasticity of the spring is consistent with the working curve of the cam;

step 6: the change rule of the actual shell pulling force along with the time is simulated through the working curve of the cam.