CN112609643A - Aeration facility combining dovetail ridge and wedge-shaped groove - Google Patents
Aeration facility combining dovetail ridge and wedge-shaped groove Download PDFInfo
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- CN112609643A CN112609643A CN202011516880.XA CN202011516880A CN112609643A CN 112609643 A CN112609643 A CN 112609643A CN 202011516880 A CN202011516880 A CN 202011516880A CN 112609643 A CN112609643 A CN 112609643A
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- flip bucket
- aeration
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- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of drainage buildings, and provides an aeration facility combining a dovetail sill and a wedge-shaped groove. The dovetail flip bucket corrects the flow state of three streams of uneven water flow at the upstream, improves the flow state of the water flow at the downstream, merges a plurality of longitudinally diffused branches which are unfavorable to the flow state into a smooth main stream, eliminates redundant mechanical energy, enables the water flow at the upstream to be uniformly distributed in the flow state, is beneficial to stable flow guiding of the water flow and sufficient aeration of the water flow, and enables the harm of the water flow to the bottom plate and the side wall of a water outlet structure at the downstream to be minimum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water drainage buildings, and relates to an aeration facility combining a dovetail ridge and a wedge-shaped groove, which can be used for flow guiding, aeration and corrosion reduction among all tunnel sections in a spillway tunnel, in particular to a small-base-slope spillway tunnel with an unobvious aeration effect of a conventional aeration facility.
Background
In the existing corrosion reduction technology, three types are mainly adopted: the corrosion resistance of the structure wetting surface material is improved, the unevenness of the overflowing surface is controlled, and the air entrainment and corrosion reduction are realized, wherein the advantages of the air entrainment and corrosion reduction are as follows:
1) by aerating the area where cavitation is likely to occur, the cavitation load on the solid wall is reduced, and the cavitation rate can be reduced.
2) The water flow aerated by the aeration tank has obvious aeration effect, and the downstream of the water outlet structure can be protected by aeration facilities.
3) The technology is mature, the manufacturing cost is economical, the adaptability is strong, and meanwhile, the influence on the flow state in the flood discharge tunnel is small.
The body design of the aeration and erosion reduction facility mainly comprises a flip bucket, a drop bucket, a sudden expansion and an aeration tank which are singly or jointly combined, for example: flip bucket + drop sill, flip bucket + groove + drop sill, groove + drop sill and flip bucket + groove. The aerated corrosion reduction has many advantages and also has self or environmental limitations, and the defects of the prior aerated corrosion reduction in practical engineering are as follows:
1) the conventional aeration facilities generally have no obvious long-term effect on the small-bottom slope flood spillway. The critical aeration cavity size is difficult to maintain, if the cavity is too large, the water flow is easy to bunch top, and if the cavity is too small, the aeration effect is not good.
2) The construction process requirement of the aeration facility is high, the flip bucket can easily become a cavitation source by carelessness, the subsequent aeration and corrosion reduction effect of the engineering is influenced slightly, and the drainage continuity of the drainage structure is damaged seriously.
3) The volume of the previous air mixing groove is too large, so that the problem of water accumulation in the groove is serious, the air vent generates intermittent ventilation, the structural vibration of an air mixing facility is easy to cause, the service life and the energy dissipation effect of the air mixing facility are influenced, and the air mixing efficiency is reduced.
4) The traditional continuous ridge can only conduct single-dimensional flow guiding, and the height and the water inlet angle of the projecting water tongue cannot be adjusted according to the upstream flow state.
5) The inclination angle of the downstream side of the aeration tank is too large, so that the strength of backtracking water flow is increased, and meanwhile, the drainage of accumulated water in the tank is not facilitated.
In order to reduce or eliminate cavitation erosion before the downward water flow reaches the plunge pool and smoothly connect the downward water flow with each flood discharge building section, an air mixing groove is usually arranged between the downward water flow and the plunge pool to increase the water flow air mixing rate. The structure design of part of aeration facilities is not reasonable enough under the influence of a plurality of factors such as environmental terrain limitation, technical level and the like, when an upstream water head and flow are large and the flow state is complex, the flow state of downstream water tongue jet flow also becomes complex, the phenomena of water flow bunch top and water wing are often caused, so that not only the side wall of a water release structure can be corroded, but also the cavitation and cavitation phenomena can be caused again at the downstream.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a novel aeration facility combining a dovetail sill and a wedge-shaped groove, which has the advantages of novel design, simple stress, reasonable structure and economic manufacturing cost, so that the aeration rate of water flow is increased, the cavitation phenomenon is reduced or even eliminated, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced under the conditions of the same water head and flow and no influence on the flow state of the water flow. The structure of the invention has the functions of guiding water flow and aeration corrosion reduction, ensures that the lower discharge water flow smoothly transits to different discharge building sections, improves the phenomena of insufficient aeration and overlarge negative pressure of downstream water flow, utilizes the special body type characteristics of the lower discharge water flow, reduces or eliminates the accumulated water in the aeration tank through the action of the wedge-shaped aeration tank, shortens the length of the aeration tank, reduces the investment cost and also avoids the influence of downstream backtracking water flow on the aeration tank.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an aeration facility combining a dovetail sill and a wedge-shaped groove comprises two ventilation pipes 1 with the same structure and size, a wedge-shaped aeration groove 2 and a dovetail flip sill 3; the front end of the wedge-shaped gas mixing groove 2 is fixedly connected with the tail end of the dovetail flip bucket 3, and the two ventilation pipes 1 are arranged on two sides of the wedge-shaped gas mixing groove 2 and are communicated with the interior of the wedge-shaped gas mixing groove 2;
the wedge-shaped aeration tank 2 is in a right-angle triangular wedge shape and comprises an aeration tank bottom plate 21, an aeration tank back plate 23, an aeration tank left side wall 24 and an aeration tank right side wall 22; the back plate 23 of the aeration tank is positioned at the upstream side, is consistent with the incoming flow direction and is vertically arranged, the bottom plate 21 of the aeration tank is obliquely arranged, and the bottom end of the back plate 23 of the aeration tank is fixedly connected with the front end of the bottom plate 21 of the aeration tank; the left side wall 24 and the right side wall 22 of the aeration tank are fixedly connected with the two sides of the aeration tank bottom plate 21 and the two sides of the aeration tank back plate 23 respectively to form a wedge-shaped tank with an opening at the top end; the upper edge of the back plate 23 of the gas mixing groove is flush with and fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the tail end of the dovetail flip bucket 3; the left side wall 24 and the right side wall 22 of the aeration tank are higher than the back plate 23 of the aeration tank, and the higher parts are fixedly connected with the tail end of the dovetail flip bucket 3; the tail end of the gas mixing tank bottom plate 21 is fixedly connected with a downstream spillway cave bottom plate, and the tail end of the gas mixing tank bottom plate 21 is flush with the bottom surface of the front end of the dovetail flip bucket 3;
the ventilation pipe 1 comprises a left ventilation pipe 11 and a right ventilation pipe 12; through holes are formed in the left side wall 24 and the right side wall 22 of the aeration tank, the left side ventilation pipe 11 and the right side ventilation pipe 12 are respectively vertically and symmetrically arranged on the outer sides of the left side wall 24 and the right side wall 22 of the aeration tank, and the left side ventilation pipe 11 and the right side ventilation pipe 12 are communicated with the wedge-shaped aeration tank 2 through the through holes; the bottom of the ventilation pipe 1 is tangent to the bottom plate 21 of the gas mixing groove; three edges of the left side wall 24 of the aeration tank are tangent to the left ventilation pipe 11; three sides of the right aeration tank side wall 22 are all tangent to the right draft tube 12.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the height can be adjusted in a flexible way to the forked tail flip bucket, corrects the flow state of the three uneven rivers in flow state of upper reaches through it, improves low reaches rivers flow state, merges into a smooth-going mainstream to the unfavorable longitudinal diffusion's of the multi-strand flow state tributary, eliminates unnecessary mechanical energy, makes the upper reaches rivers reach the flow state equipartition, and the steady water conservancy diversion that had both been favorable to rivers also does benefit to rivers is aerifyd fully, makes rivers reach the minimum to the harm of low reaches outlet structure bottom plate and lateral wall.
2) The wedge-shaped air mixing groove gets rid of the defect that water is easy to accumulate in the traditional trapezoid air mixing groove, the volume in the groove is in a critical magnitude, the wedge-shaped air mixing groove is suitable for a slow bottom slope water outlet structure and small Fr water flow, the backtracking water flow can not easily flow into the groove, the ventilation rate of a ventilation pipe, the volume of a cavity and the air mixing rate of the water flow are increased, and the occurrence of cavitation erosion of the downstream of the water outlet structure is reduced or even eliminated, so that the downstream protection work is reduced, and greater economic benefit is brought.
3) Compared with a square vent pipe, the round vent pipe can increase the ventilation effect, and is beneficial to the expansion of the cavity and the aeration of water flow.
4) The wedge-shaped aeration tank is simple and convenient in design, easy in engineering construction, economical in manufacturing cost and easy to maintain.
5) The dovetail flip bucket is reasonable in stress on the upstream face, and the bucket body is attached to the bottom plate of the water outlet structure, so that the dovetail flip bucket is stable in structure and not easy to become a cavitation source.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional view of the novel aeration facility with combination of a dovetail sill and a wedge groove of the present invention;
fig. 2(a), 2(b), 2(c), 2(d) and 2(e) are respectively a top view, a front view, a rear view, a left view and a right view of the energy dissipation pool with inverted triangular wedge tail piers.
In the figure: 1, a vent pipe; 2, a wedge-shaped gas mixing groove; 3, dovetail flip bucket;
11 a left ventilation pipe; 12 a right side ventilation pipe; 21, doping the gas tank bottom plate; 22 the right side wall of the aeration tank; 23 doping the back plate of the groove; 24, the left side wall of the aeration tank;
31, a left flip bucket; a flip bucket in 32; 33 right flip bucket.
Detailed Description
The following further describes a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings and technical solutions.
As shown in fig. 1, the novel aeration facility combining the dovetail sill and the wedge-shaped groove of the invention comprises a pipe-air pipe 1, a wedge-shaped aeration groove 2 and a dovetail flip bucket 3.
As shown in fig. 2(a) -2 (e), the novel aeration facility with the combination of the dovetail sill and the wedge groove of the present embodiment includes two columnar ventilation pipes 11 and 12 with the same structure, a wedge-shaped aeration tank 2 (including an aeration tank bottom plate 21, an aeration tank right side wall 22, an aeration tank back plate 23 and an aeration tank left side wall 24), and a dovetail flip bucket 3 (including a left flip bucket 31, a right flip bucket 33 and a middle flip bucket 32).
The dovetail flip bucket 3 is first arranged. The widths of the left flip bucket 31, the right flip bucket 33 and the middle flip bucket 32 are 1:1:1, the widths of the left flip bucket 31, the right flip bucket 33 and the middle flip bucket 32 are 4m, the total width of the left flip bucket and the total width of the middle flip bucket are the same as the width of the flood discharge hole, the downstream side of the left flip bucket is flush with and fixedly connected with the back plate 23 of the aeration tank, the bottom of the left flip bucket and the bottom plate of the flood discharge hole are fixedly connected, the height arrangement mode is that the top of the left flip bucket 31 and the top of the right flip bucket 33 are 0.6m away.
Subsequently, a ventilation pipe 1 and a wedge-shaped aeration tank 2 are arranged. The left side ventilation pipe 11 and the aeration tank left side wall 24 are arranged in the same way as the right side ventilation pipe 12 and the aeration tank right side wall, and the left side arrangement mode is taken as an example: the diameter of the left vent pipe 11 is 0.8 m; the height of the air mixing groove back plate 23 is 1.25 times of the diameter of the left ventilation pipe 11, namely 1m, and the air mixing groove back plate and the back water surface of the dovetail flip bucket are positioned on the same horizontal plane; the long right-angle edge of the left side wall 24 of the aeration tank and the bottom plate of the dovetail flip bucket 3 are positioned on the same horizontal plane; the left ventilation pipe 11 is tangent to the long right-angle edge of the left side wall 24 of the aeration tank and the short edge of the back plate 23 of the aeration tank and is fixedly connected with the left side wall 24 of the aeration tank; the inclined edge of the left side wall 24 of the aeration tank is tangent to the left ventilation pipe 11 and extends to be positioned at the same horizontal plane with the dovetail flip bucket 3.
The working process of the combined example of the invention is as follows:
when the flood is discharged, the upstream water flow is discharged along the spillway hole, before the upstream water flow reaches the next spillway hole section, when the upstream water flow passes through the dovetail flip bucket 3, two high-potential-energy water flows at two sides and a high-flow-rate water flow in the middle respectively pass through the left flip bucket 31, the right flip bucket 33 and the middle flip bucket 32 for flow state correction, and a plurality of branches which are unfavorable for the flow state and longitudinally diffuse are gradually combined into a smooth main flow with good continuity in the process of forming the water tongue above the aeration tank, and are well connected with the downstream water flow, so that unfavorable phenomena such as water tongue string top or water wing edge sealing are not generated.
The wedge-shaped air mixing groove 2 adopts a gentle bottom slope design, redundant accumulated water in the air mixing groove is not easy to accumulate and is simultaneously drained towards the downstream, so that the backtracking water flow cannot be choked up, the intermittent ventilation phenomenon in the ventilation pipe 1 disappears, simultaneously, the ventilation efficiency and the cavity volume of the ventilation pipe 1 are greatly increased, the cavity height can reach the critical height under certain conditions, the volume of the cavity is extended to the maximum extent, but the water tongue is not caused to be strung, the aeration effect is greatly enhanced, the volume of the aeration tank is reduced, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the harm of the water flow to the bottom plate and the side wall of the downstream outlet structure is minimized, the occurrence of cavitation erosion phenomenon of the downstream cavitation of the outlet structure is reduced or even eliminated, therefore, the downstream protection work is lightened, the downstream drainage building is prevented from being damaged by cavitation erosion, and the problem of downstream aeration erosion reduction of the drainage building is effectively solved.
By adopting the novel aeration facility combining the dovetail ridge and the wedge-shaped groove, the flow state of the downstream water flow is stable and the aeration is sufficient; the observation shows that the on-way cavitation numbers of the downstream side wall and the bottom plate of the water outlet structure are both larger than the initial cavitation number, and the aeration corrosion-reducing effect is obvious.
Claims (1)
1. The aeration facility combining the dovetail bucket and the wedge-shaped groove is characterized by comprising two ventilation pipes (1) with the same structure and size, a wedge-shaped aeration groove (2) and a dovetail flip bucket (3); the front end of the wedge-shaped gas mixing groove (2) is fixedly connected with the tail end of the dovetail flip bucket (3), and the two ventilation pipes (1) are arranged on two sides of the wedge-shaped gas mixing groove (2) and communicated with the interior of the wedge-shaped gas mixing groove (2);
the wedge-shaped aeration tank (2) is in a right-angle triangular wedge shape and comprises an aeration tank bottom plate (21), an aeration tank back plate (23), an aeration tank left side wall (24) and an aeration tank right side wall (22); the gas mixing groove back plate (23) is positioned on the upstream side, is consistent with the incoming flow direction and is vertically arranged, the gas mixing groove bottom plate (21) is obliquely arranged, and the bottom end of the gas mixing groove back plate (23) is fixedly connected with the front end of the gas mixing groove bottom plate (21); the left side wall (24) and the right side wall (22) of the aeration tank are respectively and fixedly connected with the two sides of the aeration tank bottom plate (21) and the two sides of the aeration tank back plate (23) to form a wedge-shaped tank with an opening at the top end; the upper edge of the gas mixing groove back plate (23) is flush with and fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the tail end of the dovetail flip bucket (3); the left side wall (24) and the right side wall (22) of the aeration groove are higher than the back plate (23) of the aeration groove, and the higher parts are fixedly connected with the tail end of the dovetail flip bucket (3); the tail end of the gas mixing tank bottom plate (21) is fixedly connected with a downstream spillway cave bottom plate, and the tail end of the gas mixing tank bottom plate (21) is flush with the bottom surface of the front end of the dovetail flip bucket (3);
the ventilation pipe (1) comprises a left ventilation pipe (11) and a right ventilation pipe (12); through holes are formed in the left side wall (24) and the right side wall (22) of the aeration tank, the left ventilation pipe (11) and the right ventilation pipe (12) are respectively vertically and symmetrically arranged on the outer sides of the left side wall (24) and the right side wall (22) of the aeration tank, and the left ventilation pipe (11) and the right ventilation pipe (12) are communicated with the wedge-shaped aeration tank (2) through the through holes; the bottom of the ventilation pipe (1) is tangent to the bottom plate (21) of the gas mixing groove; three edges of the left side wall (24) of the aeration groove are tangent to the left ventilation pipe (11); three edges of the right side wall (22) of the aeration groove are tangent to the right ventilation pipe (12);
the dovetail flip bucket (3) comprises a left flip bucket (31), a right flip bucket (33) and a middle flip bucket (32), the widths of the left flip bucket, the right flip bucket and the middle flip bucket are consistent, and the total width of the three is the same as the width of the water outlet structure; the left flip bucket (31) and the right flip bucket (33) are the same in height, and the middle flip bucket (32) is lower than the left flip bucket (31) and the right flip bucket (33).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011516880.XA CN112609643A (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Aeration facility combining dovetail ridge and wedge-shaped groove |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011516880.XA CN112609643A (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Aeration facility combining dovetail ridge and wedge-shaped groove |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112609643A true CN112609643A (en) | 2021-04-06 |
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| CN202011516880.XA Pending CN112609643A (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Aeration facility combining dovetail ridge and wedge-shaped groove |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2590629A1 (en) * | 1985-11-25 | 1987-05-29 | Alsthom | Device for dissipating the energy of an open-channel liquid flow, dam and loop for hydraulic tests using this device |
| CN101570965A (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2009-11-04 | 中国水电顾问集团中南勘测设计研究院 | Dispersed ventilated aerator |
| CN202440803U (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2012-09-19 | 中国水电顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院 | Air-entraining structure for flood releasing building |
| CN204225059U (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-25 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Air entraining facilities bottom high flow rate runner |
| CN214245623U (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-09-21 | 大连理工大学 | Aeration facility combining dovetail ridge and wedge-shaped groove |
-
2020
- 2020-12-21 CN CN202011516880.XA patent/CN112609643A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2590629A1 (en) * | 1985-11-25 | 1987-05-29 | Alsthom | Device for dissipating the energy of an open-channel liquid flow, dam and loop for hydraulic tests using this device |
| CN101570965A (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2009-11-04 | 中国水电顾问集团中南勘测设计研究院 | Dispersed ventilated aerator |
| CN202440803U (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2012-09-19 | 中国水电顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院 | Air-entraining structure for flood releasing building |
| CN204225059U (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-25 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Air entraining facilities bottom high flow rate runner |
| CN214245623U (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-09-21 | 大连理工大学 | Aeration facility combining dovetail ridge and wedge-shaped groove |
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