CN112609117A - Special alloy for manufacturing computer hardware and processing technology thereof - Google Patents
Special alloy for manufacturing computer hardware and processing technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112609117A CN112609117A CN202011305857.6A CN202011305857A CN112609117A CN 112609117 A CN112609117 A CN 112609117A CN 202011305857 A CN202011305857 A CN 202011305857A CN 112609117 A CN112609117 A CN 112609117A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special alloy for manufacturing computer hardware and a processing technology thereof, and the alloy comprises the following components by mass percent: cr: 32.0-40.0%, Fe: 5.0-12.0%, Al: 0.5-1.0%, Mo: 2.0-5.0%, Ti: 6.0-12.0%, Mn: 0.1-0.4% and W: 4.0 to 5.0 percent. The alloy produced by the invention has high alloy strength, good wear resistance and high-temperature oxidation resistance, few surface cracks in the manufacturing process, good plasticity and capability of eliminating segregation, so that the produced master alloy has uniform tissue, low harmful impurities in the alloy, few internal defects, high yield and low production cost of the master alloy, and saves materials; the method can remove the oxide film on the surface of the raw material, accelerate the vacuum sintering speed, accelerate the alloy production efficiency, and reduce the oxygen content in the raw material, thereby bringing better use prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of master alloys, in particular to an alloy special for manufacturing computer hardware and a processing technology thereof.
Background
At present, the quality of hardware of a part of a computer depends on raw materials, and the quality of the raw materials directly determines the quality of the computer; the master alloy is an alloy material which is refined and precisely composed for casting, and therefore, the master alloy is also called a casting master alloy. The master alloy is called "master alloy" because it is a casting base metal and has strong genetic properties, that is, many characteristics of the master alloy (such as carbide distribution, grain size, microscopic mirror structure, and even many characteristics affecting the quality of a casting product including mechanical properties) are inherited to the casting after the master alloy is cast by remelting. The existing widely used master alloy materials include high temperature alloy master alloys, heat resistant steel master alloys, dual phase master alloys and conventional stainless steel master alloys;
most of the existing high-temperature alloy master alloy production adopts a mode of re-solidification after melting, but elements with high melting point can cause the internal segregation of the master alloy during solidification, so that the alloy quality is not good, the existing master alloy uses powdery raw materials for controlling the element content conveniently, the contact area of the powdery raw materials and oxygen is large, an oxidation film is arranged on the powdery raw materials, the sintering time is longer, the oxygen content is high, the alloy is inconvenient for people to accurately control, and the requirements of people are not met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a special alloy for manufacturing computer hardware and a processing technology thereof, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the special alloy for manufacturing the computer hardware comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cr: 32.0-40.0%, Fe: 5.0-12.0%, Al: 0.5-1.0%, Mo: 2.0-5.0%, Ti: 6.0-12.0%, Mn: 0.1-0.4% and W: 4.0-5.0%, the balance being C and unavoidable impurities;
preferably, the processing technology of the alloy master alloy comprises the following specific steps:
s1, sequentially conveying the raw materials into a ball mill for grinding, and adding the ground raw materials into a mixer for mixing;
s2, feeding the milled raw materials into a cold press for cold press molding, and then conveying the cold press molded raw materials into a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering;
s3, feeding the sintered and molded alloy into a hydraulic press for forging, and feeding the forged alloy into an extruder for extruding;
s4, annealing the extruded and formed alloy, and then sending the annealed alloy into a rolling mill for rolling;
and S5, carrying out high-temperature solid solution and aging treatment on the rolled alloy to obtain the high-temperature alloy master alloy.
Preferably, the mass percentage comprises: cr: 36.0%, Fe: 9.0%, Al: 0.7%, Mo: 3.2%, Ti: 9.2%, Mn: 0.3% and W: 4.6%, and the balance of C and inevitable impurities.
Preferably, the processing technology for manufacturing the special alloy by using the computer hardware comprises the following steps:
firstly, sequentially conveying raw materials into a ball mill for grinding, and adding the ground raw materials into a mixer for mixing;
secondly, feeding the milled raw materials into a cold press for cold press molding, and then conveying the cold press molded raw materials into a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering;
thirdly, feeding the sintered and formed alloy into a hydraulic press for forging, and then feeding the forged and formed alloy into an extruder for extrusion;
fourthly, annealing the extruded and formed alloy, and then sending the annealed alloy into a rolling mill for rolling;
fifthly, carrying out high-temperature solid solution and aging treatment on the rolled alloy to obtain the high-temperature alloy master alloy.
Preferably, in the step (i), the powder particle size after being ground by the ball mill is 80-130 μm, the raw materials are fed into a mixer, inert gas is added into the mixer, and mixing is started after the inert gas is added.
Preferably, the pressure of the compression molding of the cold press in the step two is 600-800MPa, and the raw material of the compression molding is a cylindrical blank.
Preferably, the sintering temperature of the vacuum sintering furnace in the step II is 1500--2-2.2×10-2Pa。
Preferably, in the step (c), the deformation of the blank during forging by the hydraulic press is 45%, the forging temperature of the hydraulic press is 800-.
Preferably, the alloy extruded and formed in the step IV is subjected to isothermal annealing and is rolled for 3-4 times by a rolling mill, and the rolling mill rolling device is used for preserving the heat of the alloy.
Preferably, the step (v) of performing high-temperature solid solution and aging treatment on the rolled alloy comprises the following steps: heating to 1200-1300 ℃ for solid solution for 2-3h, then air cooling to room temperature, heating from room temperature to 700-750 ℃ at the heating rate of 30-35 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 4-5 h, and then air cooling to room temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the special alloy for manufacturing the computer hardware and the processing technology thereof, and the alloy has the following beneficial effects:
1. the high-temperature alloy master alloy produced by the method has the advantages of high alloy strength, good wear resistance and high-temperature oxidation resistance, few surface cracks in the manufacturing process, good plasticity and high yield;
2. the invention firstly grinds the alloy into powder, then adopts the modes of pressing and sintering to form the raw material, can eliminate segregation, ensures that the produced master alloy has uniform structure, low harmful impurities in the alloy, less internal defects, higher yield, saves materials and has lower production cost of the master alloy;
3. the invention controls the powder size of the raw materials, further discharges oxygen in the mixing process, and removes the oxide film on the surface of the raw materials by adopting a pressing mode, thereby accelerating the vacuum sintering speed, accelerating the alloy production efficiency, reducing the oxygen content in the raw materials and facilitating the control of the whole processing of the high-temperature alloy master alloy by people.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall flow chart of the alloy processing technology specially used for manufacturing computer hardware.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Example 1
The special alloy for manufacturing the computer hardware comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cr: 34.0%, Fe: 7.0%, Al: 0.6%, Mo: 2.8%, Ti: 8.5%, Mn: 0.3% and W: 4.3%, and the balance of C and inevitable impurities.
A processing technology for manufacturing special alloy for computer hardware comprises the following steps:
firstly, sequentially conveying raw materials into a ball mill for grinding, and adding the ground raw materials into a mixer for mixing;
the particle size of the powder ground by the ball mill is 100 mu m, the raw materials are fed into a mixer and then inert gas is added into the mixer, and the mixing is started after the inert gas is added
Secondly, feeding the milled raw materials into a cold press for cold press molding, and then conveying the cold press molded raw materials into a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering;
the pressure of the cold press for press molding is 700MPa, and the raw material for press molding is a cylindrical blank;
the sintering temperature of the vacuum sintering furnace is 1530 ℃, the vacuum sintering time is 75min, and the sintering vacuum degree of the vacuum sintering furnace is 2.1 multiplied by 10-2Pa。
Thirdly, feeding the sintered and formed alloy into a hydraulic press for forging, and then feeding the forged and formed alloy into an extruder for extrusion;
the deformation amount of the blank during forging by the hydraulic press is 45%, the forging temperature of the hydraulic press is 1000 ℃, the total deformation amount of the blank after extrusion by the extruder is 78%, and the extrusion temperature of the extruder is 800 ℃.
Fourthly, annealing the extruded and formed alloy, and then sending the annealed alloy into a rolling mill for rolling;
the alloy formed by extrusion adopts isothermal annealing, a rolling mill is adopted for rolling for 3 times, and a rolling device of the rolling mill is used for preserving the heat of the alloy.
Fifthly, carrying out high-temperature solid solution and aging treatment on the rolled alloy to obtain a high-temperature alloy master alloy;
the steps of carrying out high-temperature solid solution and aging treatment on the rolled alloy comprise: heating to 1260 ℃, carrying out solid solution for 2.5h, then carrying out air cooling to room temperature, heating from room temperature to 720 ℃ at the heating rate of 31 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation for 4.5 h, and then carrying out air cooling to room temperature.
Example 2
The special alloy for manufacturing the computer hardware comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cr: 36.0%, Fe: 9.0%, Al: 0.7%, Mo: 3.2%, Ti: 9.2%, Mn: 0.3% and W: 4.6%, and the balance of C and inevitable impurities.
A processing technology for manufacturing special alloy for computer hardware comprises the following steps:
firstly, sequentially conveying raw materials into a ball mill for grinding, and adding the ground raw materials into a mixer for mixing;
the particle size of the powder ground by the ball mill is 100 mu m, the raw materials are fed into a mixer and then inert gas is added into the mixer, and the mixing is started after the inert gas is added
Secondly, feeding the milled raw materials into a cold press for cold press molding, and then conveying the cold press molded raw materials into a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering;
the pressure of the cold press for press molding is 700MPa, and the raw material for press molding is a cylindrical blank;
the sintering temperature of the vacuum sintering furnace is 1520 ℃, the vacuum sintering time is 77min, and the sintering vacuum degree of the vacuum sintering furnace is 2.1 multiplied by 10-2Pa。
Thirdly, feeding the sintered and formed alloy into a hydraulic press for forging, and then feeding the forged and formed alloy into an extruder for extrusion;
the deformation amount of the blank during forging of the hydraulic press is 45%, the forging temperature of the hydraulic press is 1000 ℃, the total deformation amount of the blank after extrusion of the extruder is 77%, and the extrusion temperature of the extruder is 800 ℃.
Fourthly, annealing the extruded and formed alloy, and then sending the annealed alloy into a rolling mill for rolling;
the alloy formed by extrusion adopts isothermal annealing, a rolling mill is adopted for rolling for 3 times, and a rolling device of the rolling mill is used for preserving the heat of the alloy.
Fifthly, carrying out high-temperature solid solution and aging treatment on the rolled alloy to obtain a high-temperature alloy master alloy;
the steps of carrying out high-temperature solid solution and aging treatment on the rolled alloy comprise: heating to 1260 ℃, carrying out solid solution for 2.5h, then carrying out air cooling to room temperature, heating from room temperature to 720 ℃ at the heating rate of 34 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation for 4.1 h, and then carrying out air cooling to room temperature.
Example 3
The special alloy for manufacturing the computer hardware comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cr: 37.0%, Fe: 11.0%, Al: 0.9%, Mo: 3.8%, Ti: 9.4%, Mn: 0.3% and W: 4.7%, and the balance of C and inevitable impurities.
A processing technology for manufacturing special alloy for computer hardware comprises the following steps:
firstly, sequentially conveying raw materials into a ball mill for grinding, and adding the ground raw materials into a mixer for mixing;
the particle size of the powder ground by the ball mill is 100 mu m, the raw materials are fed into a mixer and then inert gas is added into the mixer, and the mixing is started after the inert gas is added
Secondly, feeding the milled raw materials into a cold press for cold press molding, and then conveying the cold press molded raw materials into a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering;
the pressure of the cold press for press molding is 700MPa, and the raw material for press molding is a cylindrical blank;
the sintering temperature of the vacuum sintering furnace is 1520 ℃, the vacuum sintering time is 77min, and the sintering vacuum degree of the vacuum sintering furnace is 2.1 multiplied by 10-2Pa。
Thirdly, feeding the sintered and formed alloy into a hydraulic press for forging, and then feeding the forged and formed alloy into an extruder for extrusion;
the deformation amount of the blank during forging of the hydraulic press is 45%, the forging temperature of the hydraulic press is 1000 ℃, the total deformation amount of the blank after extrusion of the extruder is 77%, and the extrusion temperature of the extruder is 800 ℃.
Fourthly, annealing the extruded and formed alloy, and then sending the annealed alloy into a rolling mill for rolling;
the alloy formed by extrusion adopts isothermal annealing, a rolling mill is adopted for rolling for 3 times, and a rolling device of the rolling mill is used for preserving the heat of the alloy.
Fifthly, carrying out high-temperature solid solution and aging treatment on the rolled alloy to obtain a high-temperature alloy master alloy;
the steps of carrying out high-temperature solid solution and aging treatment on the rolled alloy comprise: heating to 1260 ℃, carrying out solid solution for 2.5h, then carrying out air cooling to room temperature, heating from room temperature to 720 ℃ at the heating rate of 34 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation for 4.1 h, and then carrying out air cooling to room temperature.
Example 4
The special alloy for manufacturing the computer hardware comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cr: 36.0%, Fe: 9.0%, Al: 0.7%, Mo: 3.2%, Ti: 9.2%, Mn: 0.3% and W: 4.6%, and the balance of C and inevitable impurities.
A processing technology for manufacturing special alloy for computer hardware comprises the following steps:
firstly, sequentially conveying raw materials into a ball mill for grinding, and adding the ground raw materials into a mixer for mixing;
the particle size of the powder ground by the ball mill is 80 μm, the raw materials are fed into a mixer, inert gas is added into the mixer, and the mixing is started after the inert gas is added
Secondly, feeding the milled raw materials into a cold press for cold press molding, and then conveying the cold press molded raw materials into a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering;
the pressure of the cold press for press molding is 700MPa, and the raw material for press molding is a cylindrical blank;
the sintering temperature of the vacuum sintering furnace is 1520 ℃, the vacuum sintering time is 77min, and the sintering vacuum degree of the vacuum sintering furnace is 2.1 multiplied by 10-2Pa。
Thirdly, feeding the sintered and formed alloy into a hydraulic press for forging, and then feeding the forged and formed alloy into an extruder for extrusion;
the deformation amount of the blank during forging of the hydraulic press is 45%, the forging temperature of the hydraulic press is 1000 ℃, the total deformation amount of the blank after extrusion of the extruder is 77%, and the extrusion temperature of the extruder is 800 ℃.
Fourthly, annealing the extruded and formed alloy, and then sending the annealed alloy into a rolling mill for rolling;
the alloy formed by extrusion adopts isothermal annealing, a rolling mill is adopted for rolling for 3 times, and a rolling device of the rolling mill is used for preserving the heat of the alloy.
Fifthly, carrying out high-temperature solid solution and aging treatment on the rolled alloy to obtain a high-temperature alloy master alloy;
the steps of carrying out high-temperature solid solution and aging treatment on the rolled alloy comprise: heating to 1260 ℃, carrying out solid solution for 2.5h, then carrying out air cooling to room temperature, heating from room temperature to 720 ℃ at the heating rate of 34 ℃/min, carrying out heat preservation for 4.1 h, and then carrying out air cooling to room temperature.
Example 5
The special alloy for manufacturing the computer hardware comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cr: 36.0%, Fe: 9.0%, Al: 0.7%, Mo: 3.2%, Ti: 9.2%, Mn: 0.3% and W: 4.6%, and the balance of C and inevitable impurities.
A processing technology for manufacturing special alloy for computer hardware comprises the following steps:
firstly, sequentially conveying raw materials into a ball mill for grinding, and adding the ground raw materials into a mixer for mixing;
the particle size of the powder ground by the ball mill is 120 mu m, the raw materials are fed into a mixer, inert gas is added into the mixer, and the mixing is started after the inert gas is added
Secondly, feeding the milled raw materials into a cold press for cold press molding, and then conveying the cold press molded raw materials into a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering;
the pressure of the cold press for press molding is 700MPa, and the raw material for press molding is a cylindrical blank;
the sintering temperature of the vacuum sintering furnace is 1520 ℃, the vacuum sintering time is 77min, and the sintering vacuum degree of the vacuum sintering furnace is 2.1 multiplied by 10-2Pa。
Thirdly, feeding the sintered and formed alloy into a hydraulic press for forging, and then feeding the forged and formed alloy into an extruder for extrusion;
the deformation amount of the blank during forging of the hydraulic press is 45%, the forging temperature of the hydraulic press is 1000 ℃, the total deformation amount of the blank after extrusion of the extruder is 77%, and the extrusion temperature of the extruder is 800 ℃.
Fourthly, annealing the extruded and formed alloy, and then sending the annealed alloy into a rolling mill for rolling;
the alloy formed by extrusion adopts isothermal annealing, a rolling mill is adopted for rolling for 3 times, and a rolling device of the rolling mill is used for preserving the heat of the alloy.
Fifthly, carrying out high-temperature solid solution and aging treatment on the rolled alloy to obtain a high-temperature alloy master alloy;
the steps of carrying out high-temperature solid solution and aging treatment on the rolled alloy comprise: heating to 1250 ℃ for solid solution for 2.5h, then air-cooling to room temperature, heating from room temperature to 730 ℃ at the heating rate of 34 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 4.5 h, and then air-cooling to room temperature.
Superalloy master alloys were produced according to the recipes and manufacturing processes of example 1, example 2, example 3, example 4 and example 5, and oxygen content was measured after milling, and tensile strength was measured after the master alloy was fully produced as follows:
oxygen content (wt%) | Tensile strength (MPa) | |
Example 1 | 0.27 | 1024 |
Example 2 | 0.27 | 1066 |
Example 3 | 0.27 | 1029 |
Example 4 | 0.25 | 1138 |
Example 5 | 0.32 | 1022 |
As can be seen from the experimental data in Table 1 of examples 2, 4 and 5, the smaller the powder particles after being milled are, the larger the contact surface between the powder and oxygen is, the more oxygen is adsorbed during milling is, the higher the oxygen content of the powder is, and the higher the tensile strength of the prepared superalloy master alloy is, and as can be seen from the experimental data in Table 1 of examples 1, 2 and 3, the formulation of example 2 is the optimal choice.
The alloy of the high-temperature alloy master alloy produced by the invention has high strength, good wear resistance and high-temperature oxidation resistance, less surface cracks in the manufacturing process, good plasticity and high yield; the invention firstly grinds the alloy into powder, then adopts the modes of pressing and sintering to form the raw material, can eliminate segregation, ensures that the produced master alloy has uniform structure, low harmful impurities in the alloy, less internal defects, higher yield, saves materials and has lower production cost of the master alloy; the invention controls the powder size of the raw materials, further discharges oxygen in the mixing process, and removes the oxide film on the surface of the raw materials by adopting a pressing mode, thereby accelerating the vacuum sintering speed, accelerating the alloy production efficiency, reducing the oxygen content in the raw materials and facilitating the control of the whole processing of the high-temperature alloy master alloy by people.
The basic principles and principal features of the invention and advantages of the invention have been shown and described. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. An alloy special for manufacturing computer hardware is characterized in that: comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cr: 32.0-40.0%, Fe: 5.0-12.0%, Al: 0.5-1.0%, Mo: 2.0-5.0%, Ti: 6.0-12.0%, Mn: 0.1-0.4% and W: 4.0-5.0%, the balance being C and unavoidable impurities;
the processing technology of the alloy master alloy comprises the following specific steps:
s1, sequentially conveying the raw materials into a ball mill for grinding, and adding the ground raw materials into a mixer for mixing;
s2, feeding the milled raw materials into a cold press for cold press molding, and then conveying the cold press molded raw materials into a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering;
s3, feeding the sintered and molded alloy into a hydraulic press for forging, and feeding the forged alloy into an extruder for extruding;
s4, annealing the extruded and formed alloy, and then sending the annealed alloy into a rolling mill for rolling;
and S5, carrying out high-temperature solid solution and aging treatment on the rolled alloy to obtain the high-temperature alloy master alloy.
2. The alloy special for computer hardware manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: the weight percentage is as follows: cr: 36.0%, Fe: 9.0%, Al: 0.7%, Mo: 3.2%, Ti: 9.2%, Mn: 0.3% and W: 4.6%, and the balance of C and inevitable impurities.
3. A process of working a superalloy master alloy as in any of claims 1-2, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, sequentially conveying raw materials into a ball mill for grinding, and adding the ground raw materials into a mixer for mixing;
secondly, feeding the milled raw materials into a cold press for cold press molding, and then conveying the cold press molded raw materials into a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering;
thirdly, feeding the sintered and formed alloy into a hydraulic press for forging, and then feeding the forged and formed alloy into an extruder for extrusion;
fourthly, annealing the extruded and formed alloy, and then sending the annealed alloy into a rolling mill for rolling;
fifthly, carrying out high-temperature solid solution and aging treatment on the rolled alloy to obtain the high-temperature alloy master alloy.
4. The processing technology of the special alloy for manufacturing the computer hardware as claimed in claim 3, wherein the processing technology comprises the following steps: in the first step, the size of the powder particles ground by the ball mill is 80-130 μm, the raw materials are fed into a mixer, inert gas is added into the mixer, and the mixing is started after the inert gas is added.
5. The processing technology of the special alloy for manufacturing the computer hardware as claimed in claim 4, wherein the processing technology comprises the following steps: and step two, the pressure of the pressing forming of the cold press is 600-800MPa, and the raw material of the pressing forming is a cylindrical blank.
6. The processing technology of the special alloy for manufacturing the computer hardware as claimed in claim 3, wherein the processing technology comprises the following steps: in the second step, the sintering temperature of the vacuum sintering furnace is 1500--2-2.2×10-2Pa。
7. The processing technology of the special alloy for manufacturing the computer hardware as claimed in claim 3, wherein the processing technology comprises the following steps: and step three, the deformation amount of the blank is 45% when the hydraulic press forges, the forging temperature of the hydraulic press is 800-1200 ℃, the total deformation amount of the blank after extrusion by the extruder is 75-80%, and the extrusion temperature of the extruder is 700-900 ℃.
8. The processing technology of the special alloy for manufacturing the computer hardware as claimed in claim 4, wherein the processing technology comprises the following steps: and fourthly, performing isothermal annealing on the extruded and formed alloy, rolling for 3-4 times by using a rolling mill, and preserving heat of the alloy by using a rolling device of the rolling mill.
9. The processing technology of the special alloy for manufacturing the computer hardware as claimed in claim 3, wherein the processing technology comprises the following steps: in the fifth step, the high-temperature solid solution and aging treatment of the rolled alloy comprises the following steps: heating to 1200-1300 ℃ for solid solution for 2-3h, then air cooling to room temperature, heating from room temperature to 700-750 ℃ at the heating rate of 30-35 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 4-5 h, and then air cooling to room temperature.
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