CN112606385B

CN112606385B - 3D printer

Info

Publication number: CN112606385B
Application number: CN202011379211.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘辉林; 唐京科; 陈春; 敖丹军; 吕胜员
Original assignee: Shenzhen Chuangxiang 3D Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Chuangxiang 3D Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-30
Filing date: 2020-11-30
Publication date: 2023-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-30
Also published as: WO2022110478A1; CN112606385A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of printers, and particularly discloses a 3D printer which comprises a base, a support, a guide rail, two back plates, two first driving mechanisms, two spray heads, a second driving mechanism, a printing platform and a third driving mechanism. The bracket is arranged on the base; the guide rail extends along the X direction and is arranged on the bracket in a sliding manner along the Z direction; the two first driving mechanisms respectively and independently drive the two back plates to move along the X direction on the guide rail, so that the actions of the two nozzles along the X direction can be independently controlled, the functions of single-nozzle printing, double-nozzle printing, copying, mirror image printing and the like can be realized, and the printing efficiency is high; through second actuating mechanism drive guide rail along Z to removing, print the platform through the drive of third actuating mechanism along Y to removing to guarantee that the space of two shower nozzles prints the function, two backplates all are equipped with the gyro wheel, and the gyro wheel rolls and sets up in the guide rail, can effectively reduce the frictional force when two backplates remove, and then guarantee that two shower nozzles operate steadily, and can save space and occupy, the structure is compacter.

Description

3D printer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of printers, in particular to a 3D printer.

Background

Under the intelligent promotion of computer digital technology, the field of 3D printing technology application is wider and wider, and especially FDM hot melt technology is favored by DIY fans more and more.

The FDM forming technology is to heat the solid low-melting-point filamentous material to a semi-molten state, first to form threads, and then the threads are converged into a layer and then stacked layer by layer. The mode printing speed is low, the time consumption is long, the requirement of batch production cannot be met, and the batch high-efficiency printing of the model cannot be realized by the conventional single-nozzle mode printing.

And current 3D printer, when the shower nozzle slided on the X axle guide rail, usually through lead screw and slider cooperation, this needs to occupy great space to frictional resistance is big, is difficult to guarantee that the shower nozzle operates steadily.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: the utility model provides a 3D printer can realize two shower nozzles of independent control and print on X axle guide rail, has improved printing efficiency, has shortened batchization model printing time greatly to can guarantee that the shower nozzle is steady and the space is saved at the operation in-process.

The invention provides a 3D printer, the 3D printer comprising:

a base;

the bracket is arranged on the base;

the guide rail extends along the X direction and is movably arranged on the bracket along the Z direction;

the first back plate and the second back plate are respectively provided with a roller which is in rolling fit with the guide rail;

the two first driving mechanisms are respectively connected with the first back plate and the second back plate so as to respectively drive the first back plate and the second back plate to slide along the X direction;

the left sprayer and the right sprayer are respectively arranged on the first back plate and the second back plate;

the second driving mechanism is connected with the guide rail and can drive the guide rail to move along the Z direction;

the printing platform is arranged above the base and is positioned below the left spray head and the right spray head;

and the third driving mechanism is arranged on the base and connected with the printing platform, and can drive the printing platform to move along the Y direction, the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction are perpendicular to each other, and the Z direction is vertical.

As the preferable technical scheme of the 3D printer, the printer further comprises a first detection piece arranged on the support, the guide rail is located above the first detection piece, the second driving mechanism can drive the guide rail to move between a first position at the bottom and a second position at the top along the Z direction, and the first detection piece is used for detecting whether the guide rail moves to the first position or not.

As the preferred technical scheme of 3D printer, still include position control assembly, position control assembly includes:

the mounting block is fixed on the second back plate;

the connecting plate can slide along the Z direction relative to the second back plate;

the adjusting bolt is screwed on one of the mounting block and the connecting plate and abuts against the other one of the mounting block and the connecting plate;

and the elastic piece is configured to always have a tendency of driving the adjusting bolt to abut against the other one of the mounting block and the connecting plate.

As the preferred technical scheme of 3D printer, the guide rail is equipped with first spout, the gyro wheel part is located first spout, just the gyro wheel with the diapire roll fit of first spout.

As a preferred technical scheme of the 3D printer, the printer further comprises two material boxes arranged on the guide rail at intervals, wherein the material boxes are positioned below the left spray head and the right spray head;

the magazine has a holding tank, left shower nozzle with right shower nozzle can respectively with two the magazine the holding tank is relative.

As a preferred technical scheme of the 3D printer, the first driving mechanism includes a first driving wheel and a first driven wheel which are arranged at two ends of the guide rail at intervals, a first motor which is in transmission connection with the first driving wheel, and a first synchronous belt which is supported on the first driving wheel and the first driven wheel; the first synchronous belts of the two first driving mechanisms are respectively fixedly connected with the first back plate and the second back plate.

As a preferred technical scheme of the 3D printer, the three-dimensional printer further comprises two first tensioning adjusting mechanisms, and the two first tensioning adjusting mechanisms are respectively arranged corresponding to the two first driving mechanisms;

the first tensioning and adjusting mechanism comprises a fixed seat arranged on the guide rail, a sliding seat sliding along the X direction together with the fixed seat, a mandrel arranged on the sliding seat, a stud fixed on the sliding seat and an adjusting nut; the first driven wheel is rotatably arranged on the mandrel, the stud penetrates through the fixed seat and is in threaded connection with the adjusting nut, and the adjusting nut is tightly abutted to the fixed seat.

As a preferred technical scheme of the 3D printer, the printer further comprises a left detection piece and a right detection piece which are respectively arranged at two ends of the guide rail, one of the first driving mechanisms can drive the left nozzle to move between a left initial position and a right working position, and the other of the first driving mechanisms can drive the right nozzle to move between a right initial position and a left working position;

the left detection piece is used for detecting whether the left sprayer moves to the left initial position or not, and the right detection piece is used for detecting whether the right sprayer moves to the right initial position or not.

As the preferred technical scheme of 3D printer, still include two disconnected material detection mechanism, two disconnected material detection mechanism corresponds respectively left side shower nozzle with right side shower nozzle sets up, disconnected material detection mechanism includes:

the fixing box is arranged on the bracket;

the material guide pipe penetrates through the fixing box, a notch is formed in the material guide pipe, and consumables supplied to the left spray head or the right spray head can penetrate through the material guide pipe;

the material breakage detection piece comprises a static contact end and a movable contact end, wherein the static contact end is fixed in the fixed box, the movable contact end has a trend of being far away from the static contact end, the movable contact end is inserted into the notch, when consumable materials are arranged in the guide tube in a penetrating mode, the movable contact end abuts against the consumable materials and the movable contact end and the static contact end, and when the consumable materials are not arranged in the guide tube, the movable contact end abuts against the inner wall of the guide tube and the movable contact end and the static contact end are separated.

As a preferred technical scheme of the 3D printer, the printer further comprises an adapter plate arranged on the guide rail, wherein the adapter plate is provided with a plurality of connectors, and at least one connector is used for being connected with the controller through a flat cable.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention provides a 3D printer, which is characterized in that a first driving mechanism independently drives a first back plate and drives a left nozzle to move along the X direction on a guide rail, and another first driving mechanism independently drives a second back plate and drives a right nozzle to move along the X direction on the guide rail, so that the actions of the two nozzles along the X direction can be independently controlled, the functions of single-nozzle printing, double-nozzle printing, copy printing, mirror image printing and the like can be realized, the printing efficiency is high, and the 3D printer is suitable for batch printing. The guide rail is driven by the second driving mechanism to move along the Z direction, so that the two nozzles are driven to synchronously move along the Z direction; the third driving mechanism drives the printing platform to move along the Y direction, so that the two nozzles synchronously move relative to the printing platform along the Y direction, the two nozzles can move in a three-dimensional space, and a 3D printing function is guaranteed; two backplates all are equipped with the gyro wheel, and the gyro wheel rolls and sets up in the guide rail, and frictional force when effectively reducing two backplates and removing, and then guarantee that left shower nozzle and right shower nozzle operate steadily, still can avoid setting up screw rod slider's cooperation structure simultaneously, save space and occupy, and the structure is compacter.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a 3D printer in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first driving mechanism of a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first tensioning adjustment mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a position adjustment assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a partial schematic view of a second driving mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a material break detection mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the base, printing platform, third drive mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the base, the printing platform, and the third drive mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the material box and the left nozzle head in the embodiment of the invention.

In the figure:

1. a base;

2. a support; 201. erecting a rod; 202. a second chute; 203. a cross bar;

3. a guide rail; 301. a first chute;

4. a first back plate; 5. a second back plate; 6. a first roller; 7. a second roller;

8. a first drive mechanism; 801. a first drive wheel; 802. a first driven wheel; 803. a first motor; 804. a first synchronization belt; 805. a belt press plate;

9. a left spray head; 10. a right nozzle;

11. a second drive mechanism; 1101. a lead screw; 1102. a second motor; 1103. a lead screw nut; 1104. a support plate; 1105. a third roller;

12. a printing platform; 1201. a base plate; 1202. leveling screws; 1203. a leveling nut; 1204. a spring; 1205. a platform plate;

13. a third drive mechanism; 1301. a second drive wheel; 1302. a second driven wheel; 1303. a third motor; 1304. a second synchronous belt;

14. a first tensioning adjustment mechanism; 1401. a fixed seat; 1402. a sliding seat; 1403. a mandrel; 1404. a stud; 1405. adjusting the nut; 1406. a shaft sleeve; 1407. a strip hole;

15. a left detection piece; 16. a right detection member; 17. a first detecting member;

18. a position adjustment assembly; 1801. an upper mounting block; 1802. a lower mounting block; 1803. a connecting plate; 1804. adjusting the bolt; 1805. an elastic member; 1806. a polished rod;

19. a material rack;

20. a material breakage detection mechanism; 2001. a fixing box; 2002. a material guide pipe; 2003. a notch; 2004. a material breakage detection member; 2005. a stationary contact end; 2006. a movable contact end; 2007. consumable materials;

21. mounting a plate; 22. a guide wheel; 23. a second tension adjustment mechanism; 24. a display screen; 25. a control box; 26. an adapter plate; 27. a connector;

28. a magazine; 2801. accommodating a tank; 2802. a tooth-shaped structure.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Where the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions, and where a first feature is "over", "above" and "on" a second feature, the first feature is directly over and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. "beneath," "under" and "beneath" a first feature includes the first feature being directly beneath and obliquely beneath the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a 3D printer, where the 3D printer includes a base 1, a bracket 2, a guide rail 3, a first back plate 4, a second back plate 5, two first driving mechanisms 8, a left nozzle 9, a right nozzle 10, a second driving mechanism 11, a printing platform 12, and a third driving mechanism 13. Wherein, the bracket 2 is arranged on the base 1; the guide rail 3 extends along the X direction and is arranged on the bracket 2 in a sliding way along the Z direction; the first back plate 4 and the second back plate 5 are matched with the guide rail 3 in a rolling way through rollers. Specifically, a first roller 6 is arranged on the first backboard 4, a second roller 7 is arranged on the second backboard 5, and the first roller 6 and the second roller 7 are both arranged on the guide rail 3 in a rolling manner. The two first driving mechanisms 8 are respectively connected with the first back plate 4 and the second back plate 5 so as to respectively drive the first back plate 4 and the second back plate 5 to slide along the X direction; the left spray head 9 and the right spray head 10 are respectively arranged on the first back plate 4 and the second back plate 5; the second driving mechanism 11 is connected with the guide rail 3 and can drive the guide rail 3 to move along the Z direction; the printing platform 12 is arranged above the base 1 and below the left spray head 9 and the right spray head 10; third actuating mechanism 13 sets up in base 1 and is connected with print platform 12, and third actuating mechanism 13 can drive print platform 12 and move along Y to, X to, Y to and Z to two liang of verticals, and Z to being vertical direction. Wherein, the X direction is shown as the ab direction in fig. 1, the Y direction is shown as the cd direction in fig. 1, and the Z direction is shown as the ef direction in fig. 1.

According to the 3D printer provided by the embodiment, the two first driving mechanisms 8, the second driving mechanism 11 and the third driving mechanism 13 are matched, so that the left nozzle 9 and the right nozzle 10 can relatively move in a three-dimensional space in the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction relative to the printing platform 12, and 3D printing is performed; and drive left shower nozzle 9 through drive first backplate 4 and independently move along on guide rail 3 through a first actuating mechanism 8, and another first actuating mechanism 8 drives right shower nozzle 10 through drive second backplate 5 and independently moves on guide rail 3, can realize the independent control of two shower nozzle motions, can realize that single shower nozzle prints, double spray prints, copies and prints functions such as printing and mirror image, prints efficiently, is fit for the batched printing. First backplate 4 is through first gyro wheel 6 and guide rail 3 roll fit, and second backplate 5 is through second gyro wheel 7 and guide rail 3 roll fit, can effectively reduce the frictional force between guide rail 3 and two backplates, and then guarantees that two shower nozzles operate steadily to can save space and occupy, the structure is compacter.

Specifically, base 1 is the rectangle frame structure, and is formed by the aluminium alloy concatenation, and support 2 is the portal frame structure, and support 2 includes two pole setting 201 and connects in the horizontal pole 203 on two pole setting 201 tops, and support 2 is formed by the aluminium alloy concatenation equally, and two pole setting 201 and base 1 are respectively through bolted connection, and the structure is firm. And during transportation, the base 1 and the bracket 2 are convenient to disassemble, and the space occupation and the transportation cost can be reduced.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in order to ensure the stability of the movement of the guide rail 3 along the Z direction, in this embodiment, two second driving mechanisms 11 are disposed, two second driving mechanisms 11 are respectively disposed on two upright rods 201, and the two second driving mechanisms 11 are respectively connected to two ends of the guide rail 3, and the two second driving mechanisms 11 can simultaneously drive the guide rail 3 to lift along the Z direction.

Referring to fig. 4, optionally, the first driving mechanism 8 includes a first driving wheel 801 and a first driven wheel 802 disposed at two ends of the guide rail 3 at intervals, a first motor 803 in transmission connection with the first driving wheel 801, and a first synchronous belt 804 supported on the first driving wheel 801 and the first driven wheel 802; the first synchronous belts 804 of the two first driving mechanisms 8 are respectively fixedly connected with the first backboard 4 and the second backboard 5. Specifically, the first timing belt 804 is fixed to the first back plate 4 or the second back plate 5 by a belt pressing plate 805. When the first motor 803 rotates, the first synchronous belt 804 drives the first back plate 4 or the second back plate 5 to move, so as to drive the left nozzle 9 or the right nozzle 10 to move along the guide rail 3, and the movement precision of the left nozzle 9 and the right nozzle 10 can be ensured. Preferably, two first driving mechanisms 8 are arranged at intervals along the Z direction, so that the space occupation of the whole machine can be reduced.

As an alternative scheme, the first driving mechanism 8 includes a first motor 803 and a transmission lead screw in transmission connection with the first motor 803, the transmission lead screw is rotatably disposed on the guide rail 3, and the first backplane 4 or the second backplane 5 is both in threaded connection with the corresponding transmission lead screw, and the first motor 803 drives the transmission lead screw to rotate, so as to drive the first backplane 4 or the second backplane 5 to move along the guide rail 3. In other embodiments, the first drive mechanism 8 may instead be a chain drive, a rack and pinion mechanism, or a pneumatic cylinder, etc.

Referring to fig. 4, optionally, the guide rail 3 is provided with a first sliding groove 301, the first roller 6 and the second roller 7 are both partially located in the first sliding groove 301, and the first roller 6 and the second roller 7 are both in rolling fit with the bottom wall of the first sliding groove 301. The position of the roller 3 can be limited by the groove wall of the sliding groove 11 to ensure that the positions of the first back plate 21 and the second back plate 22 are stable relative to the guide rail 1. Preferably, two first sliding chutes 301 are oppositely arranged on the guide rail 3, and the length direction of the first sliding chutes 301 is along the X direction; first backplate 4 is equipped with two first wheelsets along Z to the interval, and first wheelset includes along two first gyro wheels 6 that X set up to the interval, and two first wheelsets correspond the setting with two first spouts 301 respectively, and two first gyro wheels 6 equal parts of each first wheelset stretch into corresponding first spout 301 to with the diapire roll cooperation of first spout 301, so can prove when the relative guide rail 3 motion of first backplate 4, the direction is stable. Second backplate 5 is equipped with two second wheelsets along Z to the interval, and the second wheelset includes along two second gyro wheels 7 that X set up to the interval, and two second wheelsets correspond the setting with two first spouts 301 respectively, and two second gyro wheels 7 equal parts of each second wheelset stretch into corresponding first spout 301 to with the diapire roll cooperation of first spout 301, so can prove when the relative guide rail 3 motion of second backplate 5, the direction is stable. In other embodiments, the first wheel set may further include one, three or more first rollers 6 spaced along the X direction, and the second wheel set may further include one, three or more second rollers 7 spaced along the X direction. Further preferably, the first roller 6 and the second roller 7 are preferably made of nylon, and have good wear resistance and self-lubricating property.

Optionally, two first sliding chutes 301 are oppositely arranged on the guide rail 3, and the length direction of the first sliding chute 301 is along the X direction; first backplate 4 is equipped with two first wheelsets along Z to the interval, and first wheelset includes along X to two first gyro wheels 6 that the interval set up, and two first wheelsets correspond the setting with two first spouts 301 respectively, and two first gyro wheels 6 equal parts of each first wheelset stretch into corresponding first spout 301 to with the diapire roll cooperation of first spout 301, so can prove when the relative guide rail 3 motion of first backplate 4, the direction is stable. Second backplate 5 is equipped with two second wheelsets along Z to the interval, and the second wheelset includes along two second gyro wheels 7 that X set up to the interval, and two second wheelsets correspond the setting with two first spouts 301 respectively, and two second gyro wheels 7 equal parts of each second wheelset stretch into corresponding first spout 301 to with the diapire roll cooperation of first spout 301, so can prove when 5 relative guide rail 3 of second backplate move, the direction is stable. In other embodiments, the first wheel set may further include one, three or more first rollers 6 spaced along the X direction, and the second wheel set may further include one, three or more second rollers 7 spaced along the X direction. Further preferably, the first roller 6 and the second roller 7 are preferably made of nylon, which has good wear resistance and self-lubricating property.

At present, the tension degree of a synchronous belt of an existing printer is generally controlled by people, the tension force of the synchronous belt is controlled by subjective experience of an assembler, the lateral load and the torque of a motor are increased by the excessively tight synchronous belt, the motion resistance is increased, and the service life of the motor is shortened; the problem of model printing failure or surface dislocation is easily caused by the slipping and missing of the synchronous belt due to the over-loosening of the synchronous belt. Meanwhile, the tension degree of the synchronous belt can not be manually controlled to meet the automatic production requirement of the machine. In contrast, referring to fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the 3D printer further includes two first tensioning adjustment mechanisms 14, and the two first tensioning adjustment mechanisms 14 are respectively disposed corresponding to the two first driving mechanisms 8; the first tensioning and adjusting mechanism 14 comprises a fixed seat 1401 arranged on the guide rail 3, a sliding seat 1402 sliding with the fixed seat 1401 along the X direction, a mandrel 1403 arranged on the sliding seat 1402, a stud 1404 fixed on the sliding seat 1402, and an adjusting nut 1405; the first driven wheel 802 is rotatably disposed on the spindle 1403, the stud 1404 penetrates through the fixing seat 1401 and is screwed with the adjusting nut 1405, and the adjusting nut 1405 abuts against the fixing seat 1401. In this embodiment, the two fixing bases 1401 are connected by bolts and nuts, and the two first motors 803 are respectively fixed to the two fixing bases 1401. When the adjusting nut 1405 is screwed, the stud 1404 drives the sliding seat 1402 to move along the X direction relative to the fixed seat 1401, so that the position of the first driven wheel 802 can be adjusted, and the tension of the first synchronous belt 804 can be adjusted. Preferably, the adjusting nut 1405 can be used with a tool such as a wrench with a set torque value, so as to control the tension of the first timing belt 804 within a reasonable range, thereby improving the production efficiency and the consistency of the tensions of the two first timing belts 804. Preferably, the first tensioning adjustment mechanism 14 further includes two bushings 1406 sleeved on the spindle 1403, the two bushings 1406 are rotatably disposed on the spindle 1403, the two bushings 1406 are located on two sides of the first driven wheel 802, the two bushings 1406 are abutted against the sliding seat 1402, and a relative position between the first driven wheel 802 and the sliding seat 1402 is limited in an axial direction of the spindle 1403 by the two bushings 1406. Optionally, two elongated holes 1407 are formed in the fixed seat 1401 at intervals, the length direction of the two elongated holes 1407 is along the X direction, the spindle 1403 is inserted into the two elongated holes 1407 and can slide relative to the fixed seat 1401, and the sliding direction stability of the sliding seat 1402 and the fixed seat 1401 can be ensured through the elongated holes 1407.

Optionally, referring to fig. 4, the 3d printer further includes a left detection member 15 and a right detection member 16 respectively disposed at two ends of the guide rail 3, one of the first driving mechanisms 8 can drive the left nozzle 9 to move between the left initial position and the right working position, and the other of the first driving mechanisms 8 can drive the right nozzle 10 to move between the right initial position and the left working position; the left detection member 15 is used for detecting whether the left nozzle 9 moves to the left initial position, and the right detection member 16 is used for detecting whether the right nozzle 10 moves to the right initial position. In this embodiment, the left detection member 15 and the right detection member 16 are respectively installed on the two fixing seats 1401, taking the left detection member 15 as an example, when the first driving mechanism 8 drives the left nozzle 9 to move leftward by arranging the left detection member 15, and when the first backboard 4 moves to the left initial position, the left detection member 15 and the first backboard 4 cooperate and give a first detection signal to the controller, and the controller can control the first motor 803 to stop, so as to ensure that the stop position of the first backboard 4 is stable; when the first back plate 4 does not reach the left initial position yet, the left detecting member 15 is separated from the first back plate 4, the left detecting member 15 provides a second detecting signal to the controller, and the controller can control the first motor 803 to continue rotating. Similarly, by providing the right detecting member 16, it can be ensured that the second back plate 5 is accurately stopped at the right initial position. In this embodiment, the left detecting member 15 and the right detecting member 16 are preferably photoelectric sensors, each of the photoelectric sensors includes a light emitting end and a light receiving end that are spaced and arranged oppositely, taking the left detecting member 15 as an example, when the first back plate 4 and the left detecting member 15 are matched, the first back plate 4 extends into between the light emitting end and the light receiving end, so that the light receiving end cannot receive the light signal emitted by the light emitting end, and the photoelectric sensor emits the first detecting signal; when the left detection member 15 and the first back plate 4 are separated, the light receiving end can receive the light signal emitted from the light emitting end, and the photoelectric sensor emits the second detection signal. In other embodiments, the left detecting member 15 and the right detecting member 16 may be provided as proximity switches or the like.

Optionally, referring to fig. 6, the 3d printer further includes a position adjustment assembly 18, and the position adjustment assembly 18 includes a mounting block, a connecting plate 1803, an adjustment bolt 1804, and an elastic member 1805. Wherein, the mounting block is fixed on the second back plate 5; the connecting plate 1803 can slide in the Z direction with respect to the second backplane 5; the adjusting bolt 1804 is screwed to one of the mounting block and the connecting plate 1803 and abuts against the other of the mounting block and the connecting plate 1803; the resilient member 1805 is configured to be able to always have a tendency to drive the adjustment bolt 1804 against the other of the mounting block and the attachment plate 1803. So set up, revolve and twist adjusting bolt 1804, can drive connecting plate 1803 and drive right shower nozzle 10 and remove along vertical direction to the height of adjustment right shower nozzle 10 reaches the highly unanimous purpose of the height that makes right shower nozzle 10 and left shower nozzle 9. The adjusting bolt 1804 can be a torx hand screw. Preferably, the position adjustment assembly 18 further includes two optical rods 1806, the two optical rods 1806 all extend along the Z direction, the mounting block includes an upper mounting block 1801 and a lower mounting block 1802, the upper mounting block 1801 and the lower mounting block 1802 are all fixed to the second back plate 5, the two optical rods 1806 are arranged along the X direction at intervals, two ends of the optical rods 1806 are respectively arranged on the upper mounting block 1801 and the lower mounting block 1802, and the two optical rods 1806 are arranged on the connecting plate 1803 in a sliding manner, so that the sliding direction of the connecting plate 1803 is stable. In other embodiments, the light bar 1806 may be replaced by a slide rail fixed to the second back plate 5, and a slide block slidably disposed on the slide rail, and the slide block is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 1803. Further preferably, the elastic members 1805 are compression springs, the number of the elastic members 1805 is two, the two compression springs are respectively sleeved on the two optical rods 1806, and the compression springs respectively abut against the upper mounting block 1801 and the connecting plate 1803, the compression springs are in a compressed state, the adjusting bolt 1804 penetrates through the upper mounting block 1801 and is in threaded connection with the connecting plate 1803, and under the action of the compression springs, the adjusting bolt 1804 abuts against the upper mounting block 1801. Under the action of the pressure spring, the adjusting bolt 1804 is screwed, so that the adjusting connecting plate 1803 can move along the polished rod 1806 continuously and stably. In other embodiments, the compression spring may be replaced by a tension spring, and the adjusting bolt 1804 may be rotatably connected to the connecting plate 1803 and threadedly connected to the upper mounting block 1801.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 3 and 7, the second driving mechanism 11 includes a lead screw 1101 rotatably disposed on the upright 201 of the bracket 2, a second motor 1102 in transmission connection with the lead screw 1101, a lead screw nut 1103 threadedly coupled to the lead screw 1101, and a supporting plate 1104 coupled to the lead screw nut 1103. In this embodiment, the lead screw 1101 extends along the Z direction, and the fixing bases 1401 of the two first tensioning adjustment mechanisms 14 are respectively and fixedly connected to the two supporting plates 1104 of the two second driving mechanisms 11, so that when the second motor 1102 rotates, the lead screw nut 1103 drives the supporting plates 1104 to move on the lead screw 1101, and further drives the two fixing bases 1401 and the guide rail 3 to move along the Z direction, thereby realizing height adjustment of the two sprayers. Preferably, in order to ensure that the supporting plate 1104 moves stably along the Z direction, in this embodiment, two second sliding grooves 202 are spaced from each other on the vertical rod 201, the second sliding grooves 202 extend along the Z direction, a plurality of third rollers 1105 are spaced from each other on the supporting plate 1104, at least one third roller 1105 is disposed in each second sliding groove 202, and the third rollers 1105 are in rolling fit with the bottom wall of the second sliding groove 202. In other embodiments, the second driving mechanism 11 may be replaced by a chain transmission mechanism, a synchronous belt transmission mechanism, a rack and pinion mechanism, an air cylinder, an electric push rod, or the like.

Optionally, please refer to fig. 2 and 3, the 3d printer further includes a first detecting member 17 disposed on the bracket 2, the guide rail 3 is located above the first detecting member 17, the second driving mechanism 11 can drive the guide rail 3 to move between a first position at the bottom and a second position at the top along the Z direction, and the first detecting member 17 is used for detecting whether the guide rail 3 moves to the first position. Wherein the first position is an initial position of the guide rail 3 in the Z-direction. By providing the first detecting member 17, it can be ensured that the second driving mechanism 11 drives the guide rail 3 to accurately stop at the first position. In this embodiment, the first detecting member 17 is mounted on the vertical rod 201. In the process that the second driving mechanism 11 drives the guide rail 3 to move, when the guide rail 3 moves to the left first position, the first detection piece 17 is matched with the fixed seat 1401 and gives a third detection signal to the controller, and the controller can control the second motor 1102 to stop so as to ensure that the stop position of the guide rail 3 is accurate; when the guide rail 3 does not reach the first left position, the first detecting member 17 is separated from the fixed seat 1401, the first detecting member 17 provides a fourth detecting signal to the controller, and the controller can control the second motor 1102 to continue rotating. Preferably, the number of the first detecting members 17 is two, two first detecting members 17 are respectively disposed on the two upright rods 201, and the two first detecting members 17 are respectively disposed corresponding to the two second driving mechanisms 11, that is, the controller respectively controls the two second motors 1102 according to signals of the two first detecting members 17. In this way, the two first detection elements 17 further ensure that the guide rail 3 is stopped exactly in the first position.

Optionally, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the 3d printer further includes two stacks 19 rotatably disposed on the cross bar 203 of the support 2, and each of the two stacks 19 is used for carrying a consumable 2007 and supplying the consumable 2007 to two nozzles respectively.

At present, when the maximum size is printed by a nozzle, a consumable 2007 is easily bent, so that feeding blockage and unsmooth wire discharging are easily caused, the extrusion load is increased, and problems of insufficient printing and extrusion and the like are caused. In this regard, referring to fig. 8, in this embodiment, the 3D printer further includes two material breakage detection mechanisms 20, the two material breakage detection mechanisms 20 are respectively disposed corresponding to the left nozzle 9 and the right nozzle 10, and the consumable 2007 output by the material rack 19 is conveyed to the left nozzle 9 or the right nozzle 10 through the corresponding material breakage detection mechanism 20. Specifically, as shown in fig. 8, the material breakage detecting mechanism 20 includes a fixing box 2001, a material guide tube 2002, and a material breakage detecting member 2004. The fixed box 2001 is arranged on the cross rod 203 of the support 2, the material guide pipe 2002 penetrates through the fixed box 2001, a notch 2003 is formed in the material guide pipe 2002, and consumable materials 2007 output by the material rack 19 penetrate through the material guide pipe 2002 and then are supplied to the left spray head 9 or the right spray head 10; the material breakage detection piece 2004 comprises a fixed contact end 2005 fixed in the fixed box 2001 and a movable contact end 2006 with elasticity, the movable contact end 2006 always has a trend of being far away from the fixed contact end 2005, the movable contact end 2006 is inserted into the notch 2003, when the consumable 2007 penetrates through the material guide tube 2002, the movable contact end 2006 abuts against the consumable 2007, and the movable contact end 2006 abuts against the fixed contact end 2005, at the moment, the controller can control the corresponding spray head to print; when no consumable 2007 is in the material guide tube 2002, the movable contact end 2006 abuts against the inner wall of the material guide tube 2002, and the movable contact end 2006 is separated from the static contact end 2005, at this time, the controller controls the corresponding spray head to stop printing, and controls the alarm device to give an alarm to prompt an operator that the consumable 2007 is used up. Wherein, the alarm device can be an indicator light or an audible and visual alarm. The material break detector 2004 may be a microswitch. The consumable 2007 is stably fed by guiding through the material guiding pipe 2002 and smoothness and rigidity of the material guiding pipe 2002, so that the phenomena of material blocking, material folding and unsmooth feeding are not prone to occurring; and can also detect whether a material break condition occurs through the material break detector 2004.

Alternatively, the mounting plate 21 is fixed to the cross bar 203, and the fixing box 2001 is mounted to the mounting plate 21. Two guide wheels 22 are further arranged on the mounting plate 21 at intervals, the two guide wheels 22 are both rotatably connected with the mounting plate 21, and the consumable 2007 passes through the two guide wheels 22 after coming out of the material guide tube 2002, and then is conveyed to the left spray head 9 or the right spray head 10. The consumable 2007 can be matched with the two guide wheels 22 in a rolling manner, and the consumable 2007 is guided by the two guide wheels 22, so that the consumable 2007 can be smoothly bent in the process of printing the nozzle, and the consumable 2007 can adapt to the change of the position of the nozzle.

Optionally, referring to fig. 9 and 10, the third driving mechanism 13 includes a second driving wheel 1301 and a second driven wheel 1302 arranged on the base 1 at intervals along the Y-direction, a third motor 1303 in transmission connection with the second driving wheel 1301, and a second timing belt 1304 supported on the second driving wheel 1301 and the second driven wheel 1302; the second timing belt 1304 is fixedly connected to the printing platform 12. When the third motor 1303 rotates, the second timing belt 1304 drives the printing platform 12 to move in the Y direction. In other embodiments, the third driving mechanism 13 may be a chain transmission mechanism, a rack and pinion mechanism, an air cylinder, or an electric push rod. Preferably, the 3D printer further includes a second tension adjusting mechanism 23, and the second tension adjusting mechanism 23 can adjust the position of the second driven pulley 1302 in the Y direction to adjust the tension of the second timing belt 1304. The specific structure of the second tensioning adjustment mechanism 23 is the same as that of the first tensioning adjustment mechanism 14, and is not described herein again.

Optionally, referring to fig. 9 and 10, the printing platform 12 includes a bottom plate 1201 fixedly connected to the second timing belt 1304, a plurality of leveling screws 1202 inserted into the bottom plate 1201, a plurality of leveling nuts 1203, a plurality of springs 1204, and a platform plate 1205 fixedly connected to the plurality of leveling screws 1202, the inkjet head can print on the platform plate 1205, the plurality of leveling screws 1202 are distributed at each corner of the bottom plate 1201, the plurality of springs 1204 are sleeved on the plurality of leveling screws 1202 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the springs 1204 are located between the platform plate 1205 and the bottom plate 1201 and in a compressed state, the leveling nuts 1203 and the springs 1204 are respectively located at two sides of the bottom plate 1201, so that the flatness of the platform plate 1205 can be adjusted by screwing each leveling nut 1203, and by providing the springs 1204, vibration of the platform plate 1205 can be avoided. In the present embodiment, a scheme that the leveling screws 1202 and the leveling nuts 1203 are four is exemplarily shown, and in other embodiments, the number of the leveling screws 1202 and the leveling nuts 1203 may also be set as needed.

Optionally, the 3D printer further includes a display screen 24 disposed on the base 1, and human-computer interaction can be performed through the display screen 24.

Optionally, please refer to fig. 1 to 3, the 3d printer further includes a control box 25 installed on the base 1, the controller is accommodated in the control box 25, and the control box 25 is located below the printing platform 12 to reduce the space occupation of the whole printer.

Optionally, referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, and fig. 7, the electronic device further includes an adapter plate 26 disposed on the rail 3, the adapter plate 26 is provided with a plurality of connectors 27, and at least one connector 27 is used for connecting with the controller through a flat cable. It is understood that the connectors 27 have various types, and can be used for integrating the switching of each electrical component, specifically, two flat cables are extended in the control box 25 and connected with two connectors 27 therein, and by arranging the flat cables, the connection type of the wire harness can be reduced, the assembly is convenient, and the appearance is neat and beautiful.

At present, when two filamentous consumables 2007 are switched, a molten material in a nozzle of an existing 3D printer overflows from the nozzle under the action of gravity, and when a model is printed, the overflowing printing material is easily brought to the model, so that poor printing quality or printing failure of the model is caused; or the addition of a purge tower when slicing, but this also increases the printing of filamentary material and the printing time. To this end, referring to fig. 11, in the embodiment, the 3D printer further includes two material boxes 28 disposed at intervals on the guide rail 3, and the material boxes 28 are located below the left nozzle 9 and the right nozzle 10; the magazine 28 has a receiving groove 2801, and the left and

right heads

9 and 10 can be opposed to the receiving grooves 2801 of the two magazines 28, respectively. It can be understood that an opening is formed at the top end of the accommodating groove 2801, when the left nozzle 9 or the right nozzle 10 is located above the material box 28, the filamentous materials overflowing from the left nozzle 9 or the right nozzle 10 can be accommodated in the accommodating groove 2801, and when the left nozzle 9 or the right nozzle 10 moves, the filamentous materials can be scraped off by the side wall of the accommodating groove 2801, so that the overflowing filamentous materials can be effectively prevented from being brought to the surface of a model by the left nozzle 9 or the right nozzle 10, the surface quality of the printed model is improved, and the printing failure rate is reduced. Preferably, the top end of the side wall of the accommodating groove 2801 is provided with a tooth-shaped structure 2802, and the phenomenon that the filamentous material is not scraped off can be avoided by providing the tooth-shaped structure 2802.

It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. This need not be, nor should it be exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A3D printer, comprising:

a base (1);

a bracket (2) arranged on the base (1);

the guide rail (3) extends along the X direction and is movably arranged on the bracket (2) along the Z direction;

the first back plate (4) and the second back plate (5) are respectively provided with a roller which is in rolling fit with the guide rail (3);

two first driving mechanisms (8) respectively connected with the first back plate (4) and the second back plate (5) to respectively drive the first back plate (4) and the second back plate (5) to slide along the X direction;

a left nozzle (9) and a right nozzle (10) respectively arranged on the first back plate (4) and the second back plate (5);

the second driving mechanism (11) is connected with the guide rail (3) and can drive the guide rail (3) to move along the Z direction;

the printing platform (12) is arranged above the base (1) and is positioned below the left spray head (9) and the right spray head (10);

the third driving mechanism (13) is arranged on the base (1) and connected with the printing platform (12), the third driving mechanism (13) can drive the printing platform (12) to move along the Y direction, the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction are vertical to each other, and the Z direction is a vertical direction;

further comprising a position adjustment assembly (18), the position adjustment assembly (18) comprising:

a mounting block fixed to the second back plate (5), the mounting block including an upper mounting block (1801) and a lower mounting block (1802);

a connecting plate (1803) capable of sliding in the Z-direction relative to the second backplane (5);

an adjusting bolt (1804) screwed to one of the mounting block and the connecting plate (1803) and abutting against the other of the mounting block and the connecting plate (1803);

an elastic member (1805) configured to be able to always have a tendency to drive the adjusting bolt (1804) against the other of the mounting block and the connecting plate (1803);

position control subassembly (18) still include two optical bars (1806), and two optical bars (1806) are all along Z to extending, and two optical bars (1806) set up along X to the interval, and the both ends of optical bar (1806) set up respectively in last installation piece (1801) and installation piece (1802) down, and two optical bars (1806) are located to connecting plate (1803) slip cap.

2. The 3D printer according to claim 1, further comprising a first detecting member (17) disposed on the bracket (2), wherein the guide rail (3) is located above the first detecting member (17), the second driving mechanism (11) can drive the guide rail (3) to move between a first position at the bottom and a second position at the top along the Z direction, and the first detecting member (17) is used for detecting whether the guide rail (3) moves to the first position.

3. The 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide rail (3) is provided with a first runner (301), the roller is partially located in the first runner (301), and the roller (6) is in rolling engagement with a bottom wall of the first runner (301).

4. The 3D printer according to claim 1, further comprising two magazines (28) spaced apart on the guide rail (3), the magazines (28) being located below the left nozzle (9) and the right nozzle (10);

the magazine (28) has an accommodation groove (2801), and the left and right heads (9, 10) are respectively capable of opposing the accommodation grooves (2801) of the two magazines (28).

5. The 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein the first driving mechanism (8) comprises a first driving wheel (801) and a first driven wheel (802) which are arranged at two ends of the guide rail (3) at intervals, a first motor (803) in transmission connection with the first driving wheel (801), and a first synchronous belt (804) supported on the first driving wheel (801) and the first driven wheel (802); the first synchronous belts (804) of the two first driving mechanisms (8) are respectively fixedly connected with the first back plate (4) and the second back plate (5).

6. The 3D printer according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises two first tensioning adjustment mechanisms (14), the two first tensioning adjustment mechanisms (14) being respectively arranged in correspondence with the two first drive mechanisms (8);

the first tensioning and adjusting mechanism (14) comprises a fixed seat (1401) arranged on the guide rail (3), a sliding seat (1402) sliding along the X direction with the fixed seat (1401), a mandrel (1403) arranged on the sliding seat (1402), a stud (1404) fixed on the sliding seat (1402), and an adjusting nut (1405); the first driven wheel (802) is rotatably arranged on the mandrel (1403), the stud (1404) penetrates through the fixed seat (1401) and is in threaded connection with the adjusting nut (1405), and the adjusting nut (1405) abuts against the fixed seat (1401).

7. The 3D printer according to claim 1, further comprising a left detection member (15) and a right detection member (16) respectively disposed at both ends of the guide rail (3), one of the first driving mechanisms (8) being capable of driving the left head (9) to move between a left initial position and a right working position, and the other of the first driving mechanisms (8) being capable of driving the right head (10) to move between a right initial position and a left working position;

the left detection piece (15) is used for detecting whether the left spray head (9) moves to the left initial position or not, and the right detection piece (16) is used for detecting whether the right spray head (10) moves to the right initial position or not.

8. The 3D printer according to claim 1, further comprising two material breakage detection mechanisms (20), wherein the two material breakage detection mechanisms (20) are respectively arranged corresponding to the left nozzle (9) and the right nozzle (10), and the material breakage detection mechanisms (20) comprise:

a fixing case (2001) provided to the holder (2);

the material guide pipe (2002) penetrates through the fixing box (2001), a notch (2003) is formed in the material guide pipe (2002), and consumables (2007) supplied to the left spray head (9) or the right spray head (10) can penetrate through the material guide pipe (2002);

the material breakage detection piece (2004) comprises a fixed contact end (2005) fixed in the fixed box (2001) and a movable contact end (2006) with elasticity, wherein the movable contact end (2006) always has a trend of being far away from the fixed contact end (2005), the movable contact end (2006) is inserted into the notch (2003), when a consumable part (2007) penetrates through the material guide pipe (2002), the movable contact end (2006) abuts against the consumable part (2007) and the movable contact end (2006) abuts against the fixed contact end (2005), and when the consumable part (2007) does not exist in the material guide pipe (2002), the movable contact end (2006) abuts against the inner wall of the material guide pipe (2002) and the movable contact end (2006) is separated from the fixed contact end (2005).

9. The 3D printer according to claim 1, further comprising an adapter plate (26) disposed on the guide rail (3), wherein a plurality of connectors (27) are disposed on the adapter plate (26), and at least one of the connectors (27) is configured to connect with a controller through a flat cable.